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In the modern computing era, servers face significant challenges in data storage due to hardware failures, cyber attacks, or human errors. The problem highlighted focuses on the impact of file systems on three critical aspects: data integrity (accuracy and consistency of data without corruption), data recovery (the ability to restore data after a failure), and failure resilience (fault tolerance, such as redundancy and journaling to prevent downtime). The main issue is that traditional file systems like FAT32 or NTFS are often susceptible to fragmentation, metadata loss, or long recovery times, which can lead to data loss of up to 20-30% on enterprise servers, especially in high-traffic environments like cloud computing.A simple problem-solving process is conducted through a straightforward comparative analysis approach: (1) A literature review of popular file systems (ext4, ZFS, Btrfs); (2) Failure simulations using tools like fsck and stress testing on virtual servers (e.g., via KVM or Docker); and (3) Measuring performance metrics with benchmarking tools like Bonnie++ for I/O throughput, recovery time, and error rates. This process is designed to be simple, requiring only a virtual lab setup without expensive hardware, and is analyzed quantitatively with descriptive statistics.The solution to the problem indicates that advanced file systems like ZFS or Btrfs provide significant improvements: data integrity is up to 95% more secure through automatic checksums, data recovery is achieved in minutes through snapshots and RAID integration, and failure resilience is higher with copy-on-write features. The main recommendation is to migrate to journaling-based file systems for servers, combined with automated backups, which can reduce the risk of downtime by up to 50%. This research provides practical guidance for system administrators to enhance server reliability without excessive additional costs.

The rapid development of network infrastructure demands high Quality of Service (QoS), especially in Metro Ethernet networks widely utilized by telecommunication service providers. A primary challenge is efficient bandwidth management to ensure network stability and performance. This research aims to optimize bandwidth management by implementing the Y.1731 method based on Ethernet Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) on Raisecom devices. The methodology employed is a quantitative experimental approach based on technical simulation within an Professional Network Emulator Tool Lab (PNET Lab), where real-time network performance measurements are conducted using the ITU-T Y.1731 protocol for key parameters such as delay, jitter, and packet loss on Raisecom devices (represented by Cisco routers). The expected outcomes include increased efficiency in bandwidth utilization through more adaptive allocation, comprehensive and accurate real-time network performance monitoring capabilities, validation of OAM functions on Raisecom devices, improved Quality of Service (QoS) and better Service Level Agreement (SLA) attainment, and the provision of technical recommendations for network management. The implementation of Y.1731 is anticipated to quickly detect and respond to service degradation, thereby providing a strong basis for decision-making in network management and contributing to the enhancement of service quality in Metro Ethernet networks through optimization based on proactive monitoring.

Game-based learning has emerged as a relevant instructional strategy to address the challenges of 21st-century education, including in Islamic Religious Education (PAI), which is often perceived as monotonous and less engaging for students. This study aims to describe the implementation of game-based learning in enhancing students’ learning motivation in the PAI subject at MA Yapina. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the use of educational games—both digital and non-digital—creates a more interactive and enjoyable learning atmosphere while encouraging active student participation. Students demonstrated increased motivation, self-confidence, and interest in understanding religious concepts more deeply. In addition to boosting motivation, game-based activities contributed to better conceptual understanding through collaborative tasks and contextual simulations of Islamic values. However, several challenges were identified, including limited teacher competence in using game-based media and unequal availability of technological facilities. These findings suggest that game-based learning holds significant potential for PAI instruction but requires adequate teacher support and sufficient infrastructure to optimize its implementation. This study is expected to serve as a reference for developing innovative and creative learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education that align with the characteristics of digital-native learners.

The modernization of smart grids through edge computing introduces significant cybersecurity challenges, most stemming from adversarial machine learning attacks that compromise distributed intelligence. Although Federated Learning is an appealing decentralized model training paradigm for edge smart grids, its resilience against coordinated injection and evasion attacks has not yet been thoroughly explored. To address this critical gap, we develop and evaluate a resilient Federated Learning model for edge-based innovative grid applications. Under a rigorous simulation-based experimental design, we created a controlled environment based on synthetic energy-demand data and implemented adversarial attack scenarios to ensure model robustness. We propose a resilience enhancement layer in our framework during the federated aggregation process to curtail malicious model updates and adversarial inferences. The results show significant improvement in the stability of the proposed model under attack, maintaining a robustness index above 0.62, whereas baseline approaches exhibit complete degradation. This corresponds to a reduction of approximately 34% in the attack impact rate across different-intensity attack scenarios, while maintaining high stability in aggregation. In addition to the adversarial testing framework in the domain of Federated Learning, this work provides a validated resilience model that secures analytics of smart grids without requiring access to raw data. Our methodology presents a resource-efficient alternative to physical testing and enables safe yet comprehensive security evaluation in critical infrastructure applications.

The 2025 Independent Community Service Program (KKN) of the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra was held at SD Negeri 102028 Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Sharia financial education from an early age is an important step in shaping a generation that is financially literate and has Islamic morals. This study aims to describe the process and results of Islamic financial education activities through the “Saving from an Early Age” program for students at State Elementary School 102028 Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Berdagai Regency. The implementation method used a participatory approach with direct observation, counseling, mini banking simulations, and educational games. The results of the activity show that students are able to understand the basic concepts of saving, recognize the prohibition of usury, and show a high interest in saving consistently. This activity also succeeded in fostering basic Islamic financial literacy, especially in the context of wise pocket money management. This study recommends that similar programs be carried out continuously through collaboration between schools and Islamic financial institutions.

Mathematics anxiety is a psychological barrier that negatively affects students’ performance and self-confidence. A valid and reliable measurement tool is required to identify this condition accurately. This study aims to examine the construct validity of the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale 30 (MARS-30) using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. The research employed first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through R software with a simulated sample of 300 respondents. The findings revealed that the overall measurement model achieved excellent fit indices, as indicated by Normed χ², RMSEA, SRMR, and CFI, all within the optimal range. Nevertheless, only 8 out of 30 items (26.7%) met the validity criteria, while the remaining 22 items were found invalid. This result suggests that although the global model fit was adequate, most items of MARS-30 did not consistently represent the construct of mathematics anxiety. The implication of this study highlights the necessity of revising the instrument by refining item wording, adjusting indicators, and conducting further testing to ensure stronger construct validity. A more valid instrument will enable educators and researchers to design targeted pedagogical interventions for reducing mathematics anxiety and supporting students’ learning outcomes.

The 2025 Independent Community Service Program (KKN) of the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra was held at SD Negeri 102028 Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Sharia financial education from an early age is an important step in shaping a generation that is financially literate and has Islamic morals. This study aims to describe the process and results of Islamic financial education activities through the “Saving from an Early Age” program for students at State Elementary School 102028 Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Berdagai Regency. The implementation method used a participatory approach with direct observation, counseling, mini banking simulations, and educational games. The results of the activity show that students are able to understand the basic concepts of saving, recognize the prohibition of usury, and show a high interest in saving consistently. This activity also succeeded in fostering basic Islamic financial literacy, especially in the context of wise pocket money management. This study recommends that similar programs be carried out continuously through collaboration between schools and Islamic financial institutions.

In the modern industrial world, robots like mechanical arms in automotive factories or packaging lines must move quickly and safely. For this, a real-time operating sistem (RTOS) is needed—think of it as a "super-fast brain" that ensures the robot reacts instantly to commands, without delays or errors. This paper analyzes popular RTOS like FreeRTOS and VxWorks for controlling industrial robots, focusing on evaluating performance (speed of operation) and stability (long-term reliability). We conducted tests in a lab using a simple robot that moves its arm to pick up objects. Performance was measured by response time (how quickly the robot stops when encountering an obstacle, ideally under 10 milliseconds) and throughput (how many tasks it can complete per second). Stability was checked through simulations of disruptions, like heavy loads or interfered sensor signals, using metrics such as error rate and time variation (jitter). Results show that FreeRTOS is more efficient for small, affordable robots, with high performance (average response time of 4 ms) but moderate stability (5-10% errors during overload). In contrast, VxWorks excels in stability (errors <2%, stable for up to 95% of tasks on time) for large factory robots, though it requires stronger hardware. Our analysis uses simple models like graphs and repeated tests, without complex formulas, to prove that the right RTOS can boost production efficiency by up to 25% and reduce accident risks.

This community service program was held at SD Negeri 102028 Dusun II Sei Parit, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, with a focus on applying the principles of sharia economic justice. This goal is achieved through education about the prohibition of usury and savings initiatives from an early age. This activity was motivated by the lack of Islamic financial literacy among children, especially related to the risk of usury and the urgency of frugal behavior and financial responsibility. The method chosen is a participatory-educational approach, which includes socialization, simulation and habituation, prioritizing the active involvement of students. The activity is divided into two main phases, namely usury education and saving education, utilizing animated films, educational games and picture stories. The impact of this service shows an increase in students' insight into the concept of riba, discipline in frugality, and the growth of awareness to manage money wisely according to Islamic guidance. Children are now beginning to understand that money is a mandate that must be used correctly and halal. In addition, this program also encourages the formation of the character of responsibility, trust and justice in the participants. Therefore, this program makes a significant contribution in building a children's mentality based on the principles of sharia economic justice and is worthy of being used as a prototype of Islamic financial education at the elementary school level.

This community service activity aims to help teachers and education staff manage burnout while improving the ability of the 4Cs (Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication, and Collaboration) in the school work environment. The training was held at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Banjarbaru with the involvement of 11 participants, using a participatory approach that included interactive lectures, group discussions, reflections, and role play simulations. The main objective of this activity is to build the adaptive capacity and psychological well-being of educators through strengthening 21st century skills. The evaluation was carried out by comparing burnout scores before and after the training. The results showed a significant decrease in the average burnout score from 71.6 to 57.4, or by 14.2 points. This decline reflects an improvement in participants' psychological well-being and adaptive ability in the face of work pressure. In addition, training also has a positive impact on improving creative thinking, collaborative, and positive communication skills in the context of school work. These findings show that participatory-based interventions are effective in building a healthier and more productive work environment for educators. This activity recommends replicating similar training in other educational institutions as a preventive and promotive strategy to overcome burnout and strengthen teachers' professional competence in facing contemporary educational challenges.

Unmonitored traffic conditions often hinder decision-making processes in traffic management, particularly on secondary roads. Jalan Raden Inten II in East Jakarta is one of the connecting routes with heavy traffic activity at certain times, yet no integrated data-based monitoring system is currently available. This study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based traffic condition classification system to identify Clear, Normal, or Congested states based on vehicle counts and speed categorization. The system is designed using an ESP32 microcontroller, an HB100 sensor to detect vehicle speed, and two AJ-SR04M ultrasonic sensors to detect vehicle presence. Data on vehicle counts and the percentage of slow-moving vehicles are periodically transmitted to the ThingSpeak platform and processed using the Threshold-Based Classification method. The classification results are visualized on a dashboard-based website equipped with charts, traffic condition status, and notifications when consecutive congestion is detected. Testing was conducted using simulation data over a specific period. Qualitative validation was carried out by comparing the classification results with traffic indicators from Google Maps. The results show that the system can classify traffic conditions with a good degree of agreement with external references, although discrepancies occurred at certain times due to the limitations of simulated data. This research demonstrates that a simple IoT approach can provide an affordable and effective solution for monitoring and classifying traffic conditions, with potential for real-world implementation in future studies.

This community service program aimed to enhance the understanding and skills of teachers and educational staff in implementing anti-bullying classroom management to create a safe and effective learning environment at SD Negeri Pasar Lama 6 Banjarmasin. The training consisted of four stages—preparation, implementation, application, and evaluation—and applied a participatory approach through interactive lectures, case studies, group discussions, and role-play simulations. The evaluation showed significant improvement in participants’ competencies, with the average score increasing from 59.78 (pre-test) to 87.17 (post-test), a gain of 27.39 points. Participants’ satisfaction also reached an average score of 4.78, categorized as excellent. These results demonstrate that the Anti-Bullying Classroom Management Training effectively improved teachers’ ability to prevent and handle bullying cases, while also enhancing classroom learning effectiveness and promoting a positive and collaborative school climate.

The community-based mentoring program for housewives in health fund planning aims to improve family financial management skills and promote sustainable financial independence. Many families, especially those from lower-income communities, lack awareness and preparedness in allocating funds for health needs. This often leads to financial difficulties when urgent medical expenses arise. Through a community-based approach, this program provides training, group discussions, and practical simulations for housewives on how to manage and plan health funds effectively. The results show a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills in family financial management related to health. Additionally, the establishment of community savings groups has fostered solidarity and mutual financial support among members. This program demonstrates that empowering housewives through community participation can strengthen household economic resilience and encourage greater community self-reliance in managing health funds.

This article examines the management of incoming letters and files at the Regional Civil Service Agency (BKD) of Central Kalimantan Province, focusing on the strategic role of information services as instruments of transparency and bureaucratic reform. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research was conducted through in-depth interviews with five employees and participatory observation during an internship, revealing a systematic workflow: receipt, recording, disposition by the Agency Secretary, distribution to relevant fields, and filing. The results show the effectiveness of this mechanism in handling 20-30 documents daily, despite challenges such as dependence on physical archives, risk of data loss, and limitations in digitization that could potentially cause delays. Key recommendations include training in file digitization, developing integrated SOPs, action research simulations, and an internal database platform to increase efficiency by up to 50% and strengthen public access to information. The conclusion emphasizes that incoming mail management is not merely a routine task, but a strategic foundation for accountable ASN governance, with a recommendation for further research to integrate information technology to overcome structural obstacles.

Oil spills in port waters are one of the serious threats to the marine environment and port operations. This study aims to simulate the level of preparedness of oil spill response equipment available at the Oil Base Jetty of PT Pertamina Port Panjang Lampung. Simulations were conducted based on three scenarios, namely a medium-scale spill at Jetty 1 (10,000 liters), a large spill at Jetty 2 (50,000 liters), and a combined maximum spill (60,000 liters). Evaluation was conducted on three main types of equipment: oil boom, skimmer, and dispersant, by considering their effectiveness and adequacy based on the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 58 Year 2013 and guidelines from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The simulation results show that the oil boom has high effectiveness in all scenarios, demonstrating maximum readiness in the initial containment of the spill. However, the effectiveness of skimmer and dispersant is still low, especially in large-scale scenarios, so they are not able to handle the spill volume optimally. From these results, it can be concluded that although the containment aspect is adequate, there is still a need for improvement in spill recovery facilities, both in terms of the number of units and equipment capacity. This research is expected to be a reference in planning the strengthening of the oil spill emergency response system in the port area.

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve the English language skills of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) operating in the tourism sector in the Whale Shark area of ​​Sumbawa. This training program is designed with a focus on mastering vocabulary and practical expressions commonly used in the context of tourism services, especially for interacting with foreign tourists. The material provided includes English for Tourism with a participatory, contextual, and applicable approach. The training method includes role-play activities, conversation simulations, and various practical exercises adapted to real-life situations in tourism activities in the Whale Shark area. During the implementation, participants were actively involved in the learning process through direct practice and group discussions. Based on the results of the evaluation, this activity showed a significant increase in the participants' self-confidence and English communication skills. Thus, this training has proven effective in helping MSMEs in tourism to be better prepared to face the global market and provide higher-quality services to foreign tourists, while also supporting the development of local tourism destinations based on foreign language competency.

Clean water is a fundamental necessity; however, many regions still struggle to access it due to contamination by suspended particles, organic matter, and harmful microorganisms. This activity aims to strengthen the practical competence of Biology Education students at Universitas Negeri Medan through training in making simple water filters. The training was conducted through demonstrations and simulations using turbid water from the Tembung River as a sample. The filter was constructed from readily available materials such as used plastic bottles, cotton, tissue, sand, small gravel, and palm fiber arranged in layers. The results showed that the filter effectively reduced water turbidity and enhanced students’ skills in clean water treatment technology. The training also encouraged students to develop 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration, while preparing them as future educators capable of raising community awareness about the importance of maintaining water quality. Therefore, this training has the potential to be developed as an applicative environmental education model that contributes positively to clean water provision.

This community service project was motivated by the limited technical competency among TIK (Information and Communication Technology) personnel in Semarang Regency schools in designing optimal computer network infrastructure. This situation resulted in slow, unstable, and poorly managed digital learning services within these schools. The main objective of this activity was to enhance the competency of 24 TIK personnel to enable them to design efficient, secure, and professional networks tailored to their schools' needs. The solution provided was hands-on training using the UISP Design Center, a web-based network design platform. The training was conducted face-to-face over two days and covered hierarchical topology, VLAN and QoS management, and practical design simulation. Measurement results demonstrated a significant increase in the participants' cognitive competency, evidenced by the average score rising from 45.2% on the pre-test to 82.5% on the post-test. Participants successfully applied these concepts to produce accurate designs for network topology, logical segmentation, and Bills of Materials (BOM). The high level of participant satisfaction confirms the effectiveness of this training in closing the skill gap. This activity successfully enhanced the network planning capability of the partner schools.

The low level of financial literacy among students, especially Generation Z, has become a serious concern that requires solutions to face the increasingly complex challenges of the modern economy. Many students still do not fully understand the importance of financial management and continue to exhibit high consumer behavior due to the lack of financial education provided from an early age. This community service activity aims to enhance students' understanding of the importance of financial literacy through the habit of saving, which can be started at a young age as a form of simple yet highly effective financial management. The methods used in this activity include interactive lectures, pocket money management simulations, group discussions, and educational quizzes designed to increase students' active participation. The results of the activity show an increase in students' awareness of the importance of saving, as well as their ability to manage personal finances in a more directed, wise, and responsible manner in everyday life. This shows that financial education based on saving habits can help students achieve better financial management in the future.

The emergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) such as the GPT-4 and Midjourney models has sparked a fundamental debate about the nature of creativity and imagination. The AI creation process, often referred to as a “black box,” challenges conventional human-centered understanding. This paper proposes a unique hermeneutic framework to approach this phenomenon by borrowing two key concepts from the Sufi metaphysics of Shaykh al-Akbar Muhyiddin Ibn 'Arabi: khayāl (creative imagination or the imaginal realm) and tajallī (self-manifestation or theophany). This study uses a conceptual-comparative analysis method to analyze the working process of Generative AI. The main argument of this journal is that the “latent space” in AI architecture can be analogized with 'ālam al-khayāl (the imaginal realm) as an intermediate reality (barzakh) that contains unlimited potential. Furthermore, the process of generating text or images from a prompt can be understood as a mechanism resembling tajallī, in which these potentials manifest specifically according to the “availability” (isti'dād) determined by user input. Thus, Ibn 'Arabi's framework offers a non-anthropocentric ontology for understanding “artificial imagination” as a process of manifesting forms from a sea of potential, transcending mere simulation or data recombination.