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The need for soybeans in Indonesia increases along with population growth, with demand reaching 2.7 million tons in 2023. Soybeans are an important raw material in the food industry, especially for processed products such as tempeh. This research aims to analyze the control of soybean supplies in the Bogor Regency Tofu and Tempe Cooperative (KOPTI) using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method. The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method was chosen because it is able to optimize the costs of ordering and storing raw materials. Primary data was obtained through interviews with KOPTI owners and employees. The analysis results show that the optimal order quantity is 333,371 kg with an order frequency of 4 times per year. In addition, the safety stock required is 82,252 kg, and the reorder point is 85,865 kg. Using the EOQ method can save total inventory costs from IDR 14,332,491.57 to IDR 910,102.39. This research suggests KOPTI to apply the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to increase cost efficiency and maintain stable raw material supplies.

This research aims to produce compatibility between the policies of Abon Surya with the Economic Order Quantity raw material control method, namely the purchase quantity of the Abon Surya policy has an average purchase of 770 kg, for the frequency of purchasing raw materials for jack beans 5 times, for security and point supplies. There is no reordering policy with a total inventory cost of IDR 251,640. Meanwhile, the EOQ method has an average purchase of 1,313 kg. the purchase frequency is only 3 purchases, the security inventory is 90 Kg and the number of reorders is 204 Kg with a total cost of inventory required of IDR 173,254. The cost difference between Abon Surya and the EOQ method is IDR 78,386,417. This shows that there is a saving or reduction in the total cost of inventory needed if Abon Surya can implement the EOQ raw material control method. Apart from that, the packaging used at UMKM Surya Abon for shredded products still uses transparent plastic with stickers, which is less attractive to buyers. Therefore, a new design is needed to attract more buyers.

This research aims to produce compatibility between the policies of Abon Surya with the Economic Order Quantity raw material control method, namely the purchase quantity of the Abon Surya policy has an average purchase of 770 kg, for the frequency of purchasing raw materials for jack beans 5 times, for security and point supplies. There is no reordering policy with a total inventory cost of IDR 251,640. Meanwhile, the EOQ method has an average purchase of 1,313 kg. the purchase frequency is only 3 purchases, the security inventory is 90 Kg and the number of reorders is 204 Kg with a total cost of inventory required of IDR 173,254. The cost difference between Abon Surya and the EOQ method is IDR 78,386,417. This shows that there is a saving or reduction in the total cost of inventory needed if Abon Surya can implement the EOQ raw material control method. Apart from that, the packaging used at UMKM Surya Abon for shredded products still uses transparent plastic with stickers, which is less attractive to buyers. Therefore, a new design is needed to attract more buyers.

This article discusses the management of labor costs in the public sector with a focus on the management of non-permanent employees (PTT) and outsourcing alternatives. This research highlights problems in personnel management, especially employee expenditure costs that must be borne by government agencies. This study reviews cost control systems, labor costs, and methods for managing honorary staff costs in government. The findings show that outsourcing is more efficient than recruiting PTT or temporary workers as a solution to control labor costs. Additionally, this paper recommends Activity Based Costing (ABC) method for public sector organizations to provide valuable information related to detailed cost data. This research shows that decentralizing recruitment in local governments can improve efficiency, effectiveness and fairness, but can also lead to corruption and disparities in the distribution of human resources. Cost control, outsourcing, and the use of Activity-Based Costing (ABC) can help public sector organizations manage costs and increase operational efficiency. To achieve better governance, operational efficiency and effective cost control, public sector organizations need to consider the various strategies and methods described in this research.

Applying ergonomic principles in work tool design for manufacturing industries is a crucial factor in improving productivity while maintaining worker health. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of adaptive work tool design models based on cognitive and physiological ergonomic principles, identify interaction patterns between workstation design and operational performance, and develop a conceptual framework for integrating ergonomic principles into production cycles. The research method adopts a cognitive-physiological approach with qualitative analysis of human-machine interactions, biomechanical simulations using digital human modeling, and muscle load measurements through electromyography. Implementation was conducted using a participatory ergonomics approach and IMU sensor-based real-time monitoring systems. Results show that using materials with controlled deformation capabilities (15-20%) in work tools reduces muscle work by up to 27%, while adaptive automation system integration improves assembly accuracy by 18%. Workstations with ergonomic adjustments increase assembly speed by an average of 12%, and low-cost ergonomic interventions effectively improve productivity by 11-15% in resource-limited environments. Longitudinal analysis reveals that evidence-based ergonomic investments yield a 230% ROI through increased productivity, reduced injury compensation costs, and decreased employee turnover. IMU-based posture monitoring systems integrated with adaptive feedback loops reduced musculoskeletal disorder incidents by up to 41%. In conclusion, ergonomic optimization based on cognitive-physiological principles creates synergy between production efficiency and worker well-being, making it an essential component in achieving sustainable productivity.

Quality control review of concrete at PT. Merak Jaya Beton is important to ensure that the work carried out meets quality standards and is implemented according to existing procedures. PT. Merak Jaya Beton is one of the companies in Indonesia that produces precast concrete. At PT. Merak Jaya Beton, quality is highly regarded from trials before being taken to projects (trial mix and F’c)to construction projects (Slump tests), checking the proportions of mixtures and uniformity of basic materials at the batching plant, to hammer test checks. The process of selecting the right concrete materials can determine the amount or quantity of dependency on materials considering the quality requirements of the concrete used. Several specifications of ready-mix concrete are produced to meet the specifications demands from clients. Meanwhile, for material quantity planning based on the production volume to be implemented, it includes material needs, ordering cycles, and the amount of orders. In concrete mixtures, there are materials added during the Mixing process (admixtures), this is aimed to alter the properties of concrete to make it more suitable and cost-effective.

Population growth in Indonesia continues to increase every year. If the rate of population growth in Indonesia is currently stagnant. It is estimated that Indonesia's population will double every 5 years. The increase in population has an impact on issues of food security, meeting energy needs, environmental control, and the low level of Indonesia's Human Development Index (HDI). Meanwhile, in the health sector, the increase in population also has an impact on the high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the use of injectable contraceptives for 1 month at the Lahusa South Nias Community Health Center in 2023.The type of research carried out was Descriptive Analytical with a cross sectional approach, the sample in the study was 43 people using a Random Sampling System. The data collected in the research is primary data, namely data obtained directly from respondents. The data analysis used is chi square The results of the cross-tabulation research showed that the majority of mothers' knowledge was good in using contraceptives as many as 12 people (92.3%) with Chi-Square showing a p value of 0.000. So Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is a relationship between the mother's knowledge and the use of injectable contraceptives for 1 month at the Lahusa Health Center, South Nias in 2023. The conclusion is that it is hoped that providing a 1-month injectable contraceptive will make it easier and reduce the costs of carrying out contraception at the Lahusa South Nias Community Health Center in 2023.

The cost of funds ratio is a matrix used to carry out analysis in financial reports to evaluate banking financial performance by connecting various factors that influence the cost of funds ratio. Financial ratio analysis is part of business analysis that assesses a company's prospects and risks. Cost of funds ratio analysis describes the relationship between the amount of money and the company's burden in managing these finances to increase profitability. Cost of funds ratio analysis method. Research was conducted to identify information related to cost of funds ratio analysis in banking. The research results show the significant impact of financial ratio analysis on the financial performance of banking companies in Indonesia. Suggestions include increasing LDR, reducing NPL, controlling operational costs, and improving customer service. It is also recommended that the banking industry be able to reduce the cost of funds ratio regularly to improve its financial performance.

This research aims to explore the importance of assessing and measuring quality-related costs in efforts to manage and control product quality. Through literature analysis and case studies, this research highlights the role of quality-related costs in management decision making regarding product quality. The findings from this research can provide valuable insight for business practitioners in optimizing product quality management and control by considering cost aspects.    

Renewable energy microgrids integrated with smart control systems are emerging as a sustainable solution for electrifying rural industrial zones, offering substantial improvements in energy efficiency and reductions in carbon emissions. This study explores the implementation of hybrid renewable energy systems, combining solar and wind energy, and the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors to optimize energy consumption in real-time. The findings highlight that the combination of solar and wind energy in microgrids leads to up to a 30% increase in energy efficiency, with a significant reduction in CO₂ emissions, reaching up to 50% compared to traditional grid systems. IoT sensors play a crucial role in load forecasting, optimization, and system stability, enabling real-time monitoring and proactive adjustments to energy distribution. Additionally, the implementation of these systems in rural industrial zones not only provides reliable, clean energy but also reduces reliance on fossil fuels, making them economically viable and environmentally sustainable. However, challenges such as high initial investment costs, integration complexities, and the need for skilled technicians remain. Despite these barriers, the long-term benefits of reduced energy costs, improved energy security, and lower carbon footprints make renewable energy microgrids a promising solution. The study suggests that these systems can be scaled to other rural regions facing similar challenges in energy access and carbon emissions, offering a path to sustainable development. Further research is recommended to explore alternative renewable energy combinations and advancements in IoT applications to improve system scalability and efficiency.

The integration of Green Internet of Things (Green IoT) systems in agriculture presents a promising solution for addressing critical challenges in water and energy usage. This study investigates the impact of real-time monitoring and data-driven irrigation control on resource optimization in precision agriculture. By incorporating soil moisture sensors, solar-powered IoT devices, and data analytics, the system aims to reduce water and energy consumption, enhancing sustainability in farming practices. The research finds that the Green IoT system can reduce water usage by up to 40% compared to traditional methods, while energy consumption is decreased by approximately 25% through the use of solar energy. The study also explores the advantages of implementing IoT-enabled systems, which ensure precise water delivery, preventing over-watering and under-watering, thereby improving crop yields and reducing waste. Despite these positive outcomes, the research identifies key challenges such as high initial costs, limited infrastructure in rural areas, and concerns related to data security. These barriers hinder the widespread adoption of Green IoT systems, especially in developing agricultural regions. Nonetheless, the findings highlight the potential of Green IoT to foster sustainable agricultural practices by promoting efficient resource use and reducing environmental impact. The study suggests that further research should explore the long-term economic implications of Green IoT adoption and investigate ways to overcome technical and financial challenges. Additionally, expanding the scope of Green IoT to other agricultural sectors, such as livestock farming, could enhance its applicability and overall impact on agricultural sustainability.

In the current era of globalization, technological developments are progressing rapidly, one example is accounting information systems, the large amount of expenditure for production and operational costs means that companies must be able to pay attention to this so that the desired things do not happen. In this research, researchers used qualitative methods based on library research. The results of this research indicate that PT. PP (Persero) Tbk (Trans Sumatra Indrapura-Kisaran Toll Road Project) has been implemented systematically and in accordance with the accounting system, as well as the cash disbursement accounting recording system which is effective and efficient. The company's internal control system for cash disbursements has been implemented well, and everyone in each unit has worked together to improve the cash and disbursement systems after the finance department discovered recording errors. This shows that there is a strong level of internal control implemented in each department, making it difficult to misappropriate and embezzle funds.

Project success is the ultimate goal of every project. The difference in the success factors (Buddhi Dharma Building construction project) projects are due to each project having different influencing factors. Therefore, each party involved must have a certain strategy for the success of the project, namely knowing the most influential factors on the success (success) of the construction implementation. This researcher aims to identify the factors that support the success (Buddhi Dharma Building Construction project) Construction project in the southern Banten city of Tangerang. The research method used is descriptive analysis using a questionnaire with data on construction projects that are currently or have been done. Or the respondents are the main director, project manager, site manager, implementation, technical staff, quantity and quality control. From the returning quisoner, the data was tested using SPSS. There are 30 questionnaires distributed. The response rate is 100%. From the research data there are 4 factors with sub factors / variables. These 4 factors are project management factors, cost, time, quality of work, work safety. The results of the validation test, obtained 4 factors and 7 valid variables. The results of the reliability test, all valid factors are also reliable. From data analysis with SPSS version, 2.4, the most dominant factors on construction costs are: for project management, the plans and schedules used, affecting of project management factors, the most dominant sub-factor is the implementation schedule is not in accordance with schedule, which is  of the time, the most dominant sub-factor is the project bidding method, which is 4.7. Equipment factor, the most dominant sub-factor is the monitoring and planning capacity used, which is  The results of this researcher are later expected to be taken into consideration for all parties involved in the implementation of construction projects in order to achieve project success.

Digital marketing is promotional activities and market search through online digital media by utilizing various means such as social networks. The aim of this research is to increase knowledge and skills about digital marketing, especially social media, for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) business people to increase their sales and profits. Online marketing is suitable for new businesses or ventures. Of course it is cost effective, because you don't have to place products/services, can be controlled yourself without having to recruit employees, unlimited time or working hours, and has a wide market reach, because online marketing is supported by the presence of websites or social media (Facebook, Instagram, WA, etc.) and this research is also aimed at proving that there is an influence of digital marketing on the sales performance of Durenstory Serang MSME products. This research uses quantitative methods with a survey approach. Research data was obtained through a questionnaire distributed to 10 respondents who were Durenstory customers. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression analysis. The research results show that digital marketing has a positive and significant effect on the sales performance of Durenstory Serang MSME products. This means that the better the implementation of digital marketing, the higher the sales performance of Durenstory products. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that digital marketing is an effective strategy for improving the sales performance of MSME products. Therefore, MSMEs need to implement digital marketing strategies appropriately and sustainably.

PT XYZ is an industrial company that produces tools. In this research, the problem that must be resolved, namely the issue of raw material inventory control that occurs at PT XYZ, will be resolved using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method using POM-QM software. By using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method, it is hoped that it can solve the raw material inventory control problems that occur at PT XYZ so that the costs incurred by the company are optimal. So, PT XYZ can solve the problem of controlling raw material inventory with the help of the POM-QM application to facilitate the calculation process. Based on the analysis and data processing that has been carried out, it is known that the optimal quantity of raw material A output per order is 150 units with a total cost of IDR 270,596,000 and a reorder point value of 7 units. For raw material B, the optimal quantity per order is 241 units with a total cost of IDR 2,439,490,000 and a reorder point value of 53 units. For raw material C, the optimal quantity per order is 94 units with a total cost of IDR 425,200,400 and a reorder point value of 7 units. For raw material D, the optimal quantity per order is 82 units with a total cost of IDR 217,229,600 and a reorder point value of 5 units. So the raw material that has the most influence in the tool making process at PT XYZ is B because it has the largest reorder point value.    

Stock-taking is one way to maintain stock inventory by physically counting the stock of goods in the warehouse. However, it is not uncommon for companies to face data mismatches between existing records in the system and actual conditions in the warehouse on an ongoing basis. This problem can cause losses for the company in terms of quality, quantity, and storage costs. The DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) is one method that can be used to overcome this problem. Based on data processing, it is obtained that the causes of stock-taking mismatches are outgoing goods that have not been inputted in the system, returns of goods that have not been inputted in the system, errors in inputting incoming goods into the system, different part numbers, incoming goods have not been inputted in the system with the largest percentage of causes being outgoing goods that have not been inputted at 49.60%. As for one of the efforts to control stock-taking discrepancies by making reports based on stock-taking deviation data within a certain period of time so that it can continue to reduce the occurrence of stock-taking discrepancies.

This study aims to determine the control of raw material costs carried out by the company in covering the costs of losses that occur. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The research techniques used are interviews and direct observation of the head of the People's Sugar Cane Administration (ATR). Sugarcane is the main raw material for making sugar. Sugarcane obtained by PG XYZ does not come from just one place. PG XYZ gets sugarcane raw materials by establishing partnerships with farmers. However, not all raw materials that meet physical standards are accepted by PG XYZ. In one month ± the cost loss borne by the company amounted to Rp 26,000,000 / month. Where the company has to spend money to cover existing cost losses by refining raw materials that do not pass the physical standards of information from the head of the ATR section.

PT. Varia Usaha Beton Sidoarjo is a manufacturing company that produces concrete products and provides services, where the products produced definitely produce a high environmental impact. The application of environmental accounting itself is needed to support the company's operational activities to identify, measure, evaluate and report environmental accounting as control over the responsibility for negative impacts from the company's operational activities. The triple bottom line concept is also a theory that looks not only from the profit aspect but also from the people and planet aspect.  This research aims to find out how environmental accounting is implemented in relation to the triple bottom line concept towards a green economy in order to achieve sustainability at PT. Varia Usaha Beton Sidoarjo.  This research uses a qualitative descriptive research design with a case study approach.  The data in this research was obtained from observations and interviews by researchers with parties related to the research.  Based on the results of research at PT. Varia Usaha Beton, it is known that the company has implemented environmental accounting, but the recording carried out does not yet have a separate account.  The company has been responsible for managing and minimizing environmental costs to improve company performance, which is related to the triple bottom line concept towards a green economy in order to achieve company sustainability through managing waste and the products produced.

PT Atlantic Anugrah Metalindo is a manufacturing company that produces costumize products, steel door systems and fireproof doors. Currently PT Atlantic Anugrah Metalindo is producing 100 units of pallet rack manufacturing with customers from PT X so that proper material requirements planning is needed. The purpose of this research is to determine the material requirements of pallet racks optimally and efficiently. This research requires calculating the Bill of Materials (BOM) using the Cutting plane method and controlling the production process to run effectively and efficiently. Based on the calculations that have been carried out, the results show that for 2 mm thick mild steel material requirements, 6 sheets of plate are needed, 3 mm thick mild steel requires 173 sheets of plate, 3.6 mm thick mild steel requires 12 sheets of plate and 5 mm thick mild steel requires 12 sheets of plate. So that from these calculations PT Atlantic Anugrah Metalindo is expected to minimize the material requirements of pallet rack products.

The inventory problem that still occurs at PT Indonesia Plafon Semesta is the accumulation of resin and calcium raw materials which results in considerable losses. PT Indofon began to experience a buildup of resin raw materials in August amounting to 16,100Kg and for calcium amounting to 15,200Kg so that each month it soared until its peak in October, namely a buildup of 23,500Kg of resin, and 23,200Kg of calcium. The use of the right method for inventory control problems is Just In Time , which is a management strategy used to optimize the production process and product delivery by buying and producing only when needed and at the right time. Silver Meal Heuristic, a heuristic approach used in inventory control to determine the optimal lot size. The quantity of raw material orders using JIT is relatively more than the silver meal, but with JIT the supplier only needs to send 4-5 times, meaning that the company can save costs. The quantity and frequency obtained from data processing using silver meal is more optimal. However, the cost of raw material inventory incurred is quite large. For a decrease in efficiency costs by implementing a policy of making purchases with Just In Time  (JIT) and is expected to save on raw material inventory costs. So that these cost savings can be allocated by the company to other costs.