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Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the joints experienced by the elderly, characterized by damage to cartilage that causes pain, stiffness, and decreased joint function. This disease usually occurs in joints that support body weight, such as the knees, which can interfere with the mobility and quality of life of the elderly. To overcome this, one approach that can be done is physiotherapy, which focuses on strengthening exercises to improve joint stability and function. Exercises such as straight leg raise, heel raise, and wall squat can help strengthen the muscles around the knee joint, reduce pain, and improve mobility in the elderly. This physiotherapy counseling was carried out at the Sawojajar Posyandu on October 20-24, 2024, with the aim of educating the elderly about Osteoarthritis and providing strengthening exercises. During the activity, pre-tests and post-tests were carried out to measure the effectiveness of the counseling. The results of the evaluation showed an increase in the elderly's knowledge about OA and their ability to perform the strengthening exercises that had been taught. The education delivered using leaflets also helps the elderly better understand ways to prevent and manage OA with proper physical exercise. In conclusion, this activity succeeded in improving the knowledge and skills of the elderly in dealing with Osteoarthritis through structured and easy-to-understand physiotherapy interventions.

The purpose of this discussion is to examine the expression of dynamic sports movements in deformative sculpture. Humans naturally produce various movements that have aesthetic value, both consciously and unconsciously. These movements appear in static daily activities and in structured physical activities such as sports, which are classified as dynamic movements. Dynamic movements have patterns, rhythms, and intensities that create strong, harmonious, and meaningful body expressions. Sports provide physical benefits while displaying beauty through variations in tempo, space, energy, and time. In sports such as swimming, running, and pole vaulting, athletes' movements demonstrate a combination of muscle strength, body flexibility, and balance that create high visual aesthetics. The beauty of these movements inspires the creation of works of art, particularly in deformative sculpture. Deformative styles are used to express human body movements at certain moments in sports. This sculpture aims to convey that sports are not only physical activities, but also as an expression of the beauty of body movements that can be appreciated artistically. Through this work, the author hopes to demonstrate that sports as a visual art has aesthetic value that deserves to be appreciated and interpreted more deeply.

Cancer is a disease caused by the abnormal growth of body tissue cells. Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women worldwide. The 5-year survival rate approaches 97% when tumor cells are confined to breast tissue and drops dramatically to 23% when tumor cells have metastasized to other organs at the time of diagnosis. Myelosuppression is a side effect of chemotherapy in cancer patients. Myelosuppression is a decrease in the number of hemoglobin, platelets, neutrophils, and leukocytes below normal, leading to anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and leukocytopenia. This study aims to determine the effect of chemotherapy on leukocyte and platelet counts in breast cancer patients. This study is a qualitative descriptive study that describes the research topic data using a similar approach to the topic of the literature review. The results of this study indicate that most breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy experience a decrease in platelet and leukocyte counts

The shrimp farming industry in Indonesia is predominantly dominated by Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), also known as white shrimp. This shrimp species is favored due to its fast growth rate and high economic value. However, the intensive farming practices often lead to various diseases, particularly those caused by parasitic infections. Ectoparasitic infections can create wounds on the shrimp’s body, making it easier for other pathogens like fungi, bacteria, and viruses to invade. This study aims to identify the types and levels of ectoparasite infestations on Vannamei shrimp to understand their impact on shrimp health and farm productivity. The research method used is a literature review, gathering data from various sources such as scientific journals, books, research reports, and technical notes related to shrimp farming. The findings of the study show that the presence of ectoparasites can serve as an important indicator to assess the health of the farming environment. High levels of parasitic infestations indicate suboptimal environmental conditions, such as poor water quality or improper management practices. Therefore, early identification of ectoparasites is crucial to prevent the spread of diseases and ensure the sustainability of Vannamei shrimp farming in Indonesia.

Shuttlecock industry workers in Arjosari Village perform many repetitive activities that involve intensive use of their upper extremities, putting them at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly frozen shoulder. This condition is characterized by pain, limited movement, and decreased shoulder function, which can interfere with work productivity. This community service activity was carried out through community physiotherapy counseling with a promotive and preventive approach, using leaflets, ergonomic education, and demonstrations of simple exercises such as cross-body arm stretches, pendulum exercises, arm circles, finger walk exercises, and towel exercises. The methods used included pre-tests, material delivery, exercise practice, discussions, and post-tests to assess knowledge improvement. The results of the activity showed that the majority of workers had experienced initial shoulder complaints, with a predominance of female respondents (93.33%). Average knowledge increased from 0% on the pre-test to 100% on the post-test. The counseling proved effective in increasing workers' understanding of frozen shoulder prevention, thereby reducing the risk of shoulder pain and increasing work productivity

The purpose of this study is to develop an additional device for vehicles with fuel injection systems to improve fuel consumption efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions, even for older vehicles. The turbocyclone is an auxiliary component installed in the air intake duct before the throttle body to create a swirling airflow entering the combustion chamber. Testing was conducted at engine speeds ranging from 1500 rpm to 6500 rpm, with increments of 1000 rpm. This research aims to minimize fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The experimental method was used, testing exhaust gas contents such as HC, CO, CO₂, and O₂ using a gas analyzer, and measuring fuel consumption based on fuel volume and time. Data processing employed a factorial DOE (Design of Experiments) to analyze results. The dependent variables were exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption, while the independent variable was the turbocyclone blade angle variations of 20°, 40°, and 60°. The results show that the best reduction in exhaust emissions (HC, CO, CO₂, and O₂) and fuel efficiency occurred at a 40° blade angle, whereas fuel consumption increased at a 60° blade angle.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a prevalent health issue among clinical medical students, with global studies reporting incidence rates of 73% in India and 81.9% in Saudi Arabia. Pain is most frequently reported in the neck, lower back, and shoulder areas. However, similar data from Indonesia, particularly Papua, remains limited. This study aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors of MSDs among clinical medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Cenderawasih University. The research employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 78 clinical students selected through purposive sampling. Data collection utilized the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to measure prevalence and the Nordic Body Map to localize pain. Data analysis used Chi-Square test to evaluate the relationship between risk factors (such as Body Mass Index/BMI and physical activity) and musculoskeletal complaints. Results showed the majority of respondents were female (74.4%) and aged ≥25 years (51.3%). Most respondents experienced pain at the "moderate pain" level (57.7%), with the most frequently reported pain areas being the back, waist, calves, knees, shoulders, and wrists. There was a statistically significant relationship between BMI and pain complaints (p=0.035), but no significant relationship was found between physical exercise and musculoskeletal complaints (p=0.129). This study concludes that BMI is a risk factor for MSDs in the studied population. Evidence-based recommendations are needed to reduce MSD risk and improve students' quality of life during clinical education.

This research explores the dual impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the academic writing experiences of English Literature students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). AI tools like ChatGPT, Grammarly, and QuillBot are commonly used for grammar correction and sentence construction. These tools are integrated into students' writing processes, providing valuable assistance in refining their written work. However, their psychological effects, particularly in terms of emotional and ethical implications, have not been sufficiently explored in previous research. This study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach, utilizing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), to examine the experiences of ten final-year EFL students who actively use AI tools for academic writing. Through semi-structured interviews, the research identified three major themes: reduced technical stress, heightened dependency on AI tools, and ethical concerns about authorship. The findings suggest that while AI tools act as cognitive scaffolds, aiding students by improving fluency and reducing the burden of technical writing tasks, they also introduce psychological challenges. These challenges include increased dependency on the tools and concerns about the authenticity of their work, raising questions about academic integrity and self-efficacy. This study sheds light on the complex relationship between AI as an assistive technology and its potential to cause writing anxiety and dependency. By emphasizing both the positive and negative psychological impacts of AI, the study contributes to the growing body of literature on AI in education. It calls for the development of pedagogical frameworks that balance AI literacy, emotional resilience, and ethical considerations to ensure responsible and effective use of AI in academic contexts.

This research was carried out with the primary objective of developing a standardized anthropometric testing model to significantly improve the performance of divers in Pasuruan Regency. This developed model serves as an essential predictive and evaluative tool in the context of athlete training and selection. The study employed a descriptive quantitative method, involving a total of 17 active divers, comprising 10 male athletes and 7 female athletes. Data collection was conducted through a series of basic anthropometric measurements relevant to diving sports, including body height, body weight, arm span, and leg length. Comprehensive statistical analysis revealed a significant and positive relationship between the various measured anthropometric variables and key diver performance parameters. The main findings of the research clearly indicate that the developed anthropometric testing model has a strong and significant correlation with the enhancement of the divers' strength, speed, and endurance. In other words, this model is capable of providing accurate insights into the potential and actual performance status of the divers. The practical implications of this study are highly significant, as it enriches knowledge and technological innovation in the field of diving sports training. Furthermore, the model offers concrete support for coaches in more objective athlete selection, the design of more personalized and structured training programs, and indirectly contributes to the improvement of a diver's quality and self-confidence. Therefore, this anthropometric testing model is recommended for widespread use as a strategic tool in all stages of selection, training, and long-term development of diving athletes.

A safe and healthy environment is crucial to minimizing accidents and occupational diseases, and this is where Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) comes in. Workers in the informal sector, such as online drivers, are more likely to experience musculoskeletal problems, especially low back pain (LBP), because they frequently lack proper occupational protection and health services. LBP is a complaint of lower back pain that can be brought on by extended periods of static sitting, bad posture, and personal characteristics like body mass index, smoking, and length of service. The purpose of this program is to educate online drivers in Malang City, East Java, and help them avoid LBP. The risk of LBP can be decreased in part by promoting physical activity and education. One recommended intervention is the William Flexion Exercise (WFE), an exercise aimed at improving posture, increasing muscle strength and flexibility, and reducing lower back pain. Implementing WFE education and training for online car drivers is anticipated to strengthen OHS awareness and reduce the incidence of LBP among informal sector workers.

Myalgia is a muscle pain condition that can occur in a specific area of the body or spread to several regions. Its main symptoms include pain, soreness, or discomfort in the muscles, whether during movement or at rest. The pain may range from mild to severe and is sometimes accompanied by stiffness, muscle tension, or even cramps that interfere with daily activities. This condition is commonly experienced by the elderly due to aging, loss of muscle mass, improper physical activity, stress, lack of stretching, or an unhealthy lifestyle. This community service activity aimed to provide education and raise awareness about myalgia among 10 elderly participants in the Elderly Community of Kalirejo, Malang, to help them better understand prevention, pain management, and self-care strategies. The method used was service learning (SL) with achievement parameters measured through pre-test and post-test evaluations. The results showed an increase in participants’ knowledge regarding the definition, causes, and rehabilitation of myalgia from 10% to 90%, demonstrating that this program effectively improved the elderly’s understanding and awareness of myalgia.

Sharing love is a form of caring for others, especially for orphans in orphanages. On Friday 20 September 2024, we held a love sharing event by distributing green bean porridge to orphans at the Puteri Melati `Aisyiyah Orphanage in Sebengkok, Tarakan. This event aims to provide simple happiness and strengthen ties between the community and children in orphanages. Social activities such as sharing food are often considered trivial. In fact, for those living in orphanages, healthy and nutritious food is an important need that is sometimes difficult to meet regularly. By distributing green bean porridge, we not only provide nutritional intake that is beneficial for the body, but also provide happiness and new enthusiasm for the children there. This activity is a form of love that they can feel directly, both through the taste of the food they enjoy and through our presence who provides attention and care. Apart from that, green bean porridge has its own meaning in the tradition of sharing in Indonesian society. As a food that is often associated with moments of togetherness and mutual cooperation, green bean porridge is a symbol of simplicity and sincere love. When this porridge is distributed in orphanages, it is not just food, but becomes a symbol of concern from those who care about the welfare of the children there.  Social concern is an attitude of connection with humanity in general, an empathy for every member of the human community, for example female students. Community service is one of the media to hone student awareness in carrying out community service.

Pregnancy is frequently associated with discomforts such as back pain, edema, and postural changes that may interfere with daily activities. Approximately 50–70% of pregnant women experience back pain due to hormonal changes and increased body weight. The use of a Birth Ball is considered one of the non-pharmacological alternatives to alleviate these complaints, as it improves pelvic muscle flexibility and supports postural correction. Proper education is essential to ensure appropriate and effective utilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of education using lecture and demonstration methods on the understanding of Birth Ball use among pregnant women. A pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test approach was applied. The sample consisted of 28 third-trimester pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Findings revealed that the respondents’ understanding prior to education was 0%, which significantly increased to 96.43% following the intervention. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded Z = -4.873 with p < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between pre- and post-education. It can be concluded that education delivered through lecture and demonstration methods is effective in enhancing pregnant women’s understanding of Birth Ball use.

The Community Service Program that has been carried out is an English language training program for elementary school students of YPK Werba, West Fakfak District, Fakfak Regency. This training program aims to help elementary school students master basic English well. This program also aims to foster students' interest in learning English. And with this effort, it is hoped that students will be able to improve their ability to master basic English, especially in increasing vocabulary. This activity provides training on English vocabulary lessons such as Animals, Body Parts, Fruits, Things in the Classroom, and Short Expressions (greetings and introductions). The training that was carried out was successful. This is evidenced by the enthusiasm of elementary school students to participate in the activity. The results of the questionnaire showed that they really liked this activity and made it easier for them to develop their vocabulary in English (90%). It is hoped that this activity can have a positive impact in the form of increasing the English language skills of the children participating in the training, so that they can later utilize the knowledge and skills in their lives both now and for their future

Individuals over the age of 60 are vulnerable to a decline in body functions, including nervous system functions that can lead to cognitive impairment and dementia. This condition can cause the elderly to be unable to perform activities, thereby impacting their well-being and happiness. One effort to overcome this is through crossword puzzle therapy to stimulate and improve cognitive function. To implement research-based nursing actions for the elderly with decreased cognitive function. The design used in this final nursing thesis is a case study with an intervention involving crossword puzzle therapy. The number of respondents was four, with the intervention conducted over one week at a frequency of twice daily, starting from June 22–28, 2025, and continuing from June 28–July 5, 2025, at the Dharma Bhakti Elderly Care Home KM 7 Palembang. After undergoing crossword puzzle therapy for one consecutive week, the four elderly participants showed changes in their MMSE scores at the final meeting: Mrs. L from 20 to 22, Mrs. M from 18 to 20, Mrs. A from 21 to 22, and Mrs. N from 22 to 23. Here was an improvement in cognitive function before and after crossword puzzle therapy was administered to the four participants. The application of this EBP is expected to add information about the provision of crossword puzzle therapy in the elderly with cognitive decline.

Hand measurements are known to provide a good estimate of a person's height, which is particularly useful in the process of identifying human remains that are dismembered or separated due to various circumstances. Such conditions often occur during mass disasters, murders, airplane crashes, train collisions, and highway accidents. In forensic anthropology, hand length is one of the body measurements that can help estimate height when complete body parts are not available. This study aims to examine the relationship between hand length and height specifically in individuals from the Jambi Malay tribe, one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia. The research design used is analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The type of data used is primary data, obtained directly from 56 respondents belonging to the Jambi Malay tribe, both male and female. Statistical analysis showed that all independent variables — the length of the right and left hands, both in men and women, as well as without gender distinction — had a significant relationship with height. This is indicated by a P-value < 0.05 (P = 0.001). These results suggest that hand length can be a reliable predictor of height in this ethnic group. The study also highlights the importance of conducting further research involving other body parts and ethnic groups to support broader forensic identification efforts.

This study evaluated the population status of the conch Strombus luhuanus at Asol Beach, , Haruku Island, Maluku, through an analysis of density, size structure, length–weight relationship, and spatial distribution. Data were collected using transect–quadrat methods in the intertidal zone during low tide, complemented by measurements of environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen). The results revealed a population density of 2.76 ind/m², classified as moderate compared to other sites in Maluku. Shell length distribution encompassed nine size classes, with dominance in the mid-size class (3.93–4.38 cm), indicating successful recruitment of juveniles to early adults. The length–weight relationship followed the equation W = 1.871L0.0521 (R² = 0.857) with a negative allometric growth pattern, suggesting that individuals allocate more energy to shell elongation than body mass increase. The Morisita index (Id = 211.07) indicated an aggregated distribution pattern, consistent with reproductive strategies of broadcast-spawning gastropods. Environmental conditions (temperature 28.7 °C; salinity 32.66‰; pH 6.44; DO 6 mg/L) were within the tolerance range of tropical intertidal mollusks. These findings highlight the critical role of sandy seagrass habitats in supporting S. luhuanus populations and emphasize the need for management strategies based on minimum catch size, harvest regulation, and coastal habitat protection.

This study aims to understand the perspectives of pastors from the Punguan Kristen Batak Church (GPKB) regarding disability-friendly services for congregants. As a faith community, the church has a significant responsibility to create an inclusive environment where every member, including those with disabilities, is accepted and served equally. People with disabilities are seen not only as part of human diversity but also as part of the whole body of Christ, and therefore, their service must be prioritized in church life. This research uses a qualitative descriptive analytical approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with six pastors from GPKB districts in Indonesia to explore theological understanding, practical experience, and challenges in serving congregants with disabilities. Data analysis was conducted thematically to identify patterns of views, service practices, and obstacles that arise. The results show that 84% of pastors have a positive perspective on inclusive service and support congregants with disabilities. However, the study also found challenges such as inadequate physical facilities, minimal service strategies, and limited theological understanding of disabilities. In conclusion, a paradigm shift, capacity building for pastors, and ongoing institutional support are needed to create an inclusive and disability-friendly church.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of broiler concentrate-based rations combined with corn and rice bran on the performance of native chickens. A total of four dietary treatments were formulated, namely P1 (100% broiler concentrate), P2 (75% broiler concentrate, 10% corn, 15% rice bran), P3 (50% broiler concentrate, 30% corn, 20% rice bran), and P4 (25% broiler concentrate, 55% corn, 20% rice bran). The parameters observed included feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and significant differences among treatments were further tested with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that dietary treatments significantly affected the growth performance of native chickens (P<0.05). Chickens fed diets with higher proportions of broiler concentrate (P1 and P2) exhibited better body weight gain and more efficient feed conversion compared to those receiving lower concentrate levels (P3 and P4). In contrast, increasing corn and rice bran levels tended to increase feed intake but did not proportionally improve body weight gain, resulting in poorer FCR. It can be concluded that native chickens perform optimally when fed rations containing at least 75% broiler concentrate, which provides a balance between growth and feed efficiency.

The level of anxiety during competition needs to be considered because it can interfere with the athlete's focus, cause difficulty in controlling movements, reduce the quality of the game, and hinder the application of strategies, which overall has a negative impact on athlete performance. This study was motivated by the observation of researchers who found that there were still many athletes experiencing symptoms of anxiety, such as cold sweaty hands and nausea. The research method used was a survey with Nyak Amir's Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS) questionnaire consisting of 22 statement items. The subjects of this study were 20 athletes who had met the criteria and were analyzed using descriptive statistics with Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The results of the research on the anxiety of Dukati Taekwondo Club athletes before the match were in the “rather low” category with an average score of 41.25. However, if analyzed further based on aspects of anxiety, there are differences in anxiety levels in each aspect. The somatic aspect has the highest anxiety with a score of 15.5, showing physical symptoms such as heart palpitations and body trembling. Motor aspects with a score of 14.75, affective with a score of 5.45, and cognitive 5.55 were mostly in the moderate category, reflecting muscle tension, feelings of anxiety, and negative thoughts before competing.