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An abstranct is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or Management of incoming and outgoing mail archives is an important activity that must be carried out by an agency. Correspondence activities must get serious attention, because the contents of the letter to the agency will be a means of achieving the goals of the agency, therefore it is necessary to have good mail management in a company or agency. Therefore, the government issued Governor Regulation Number 1 of 2011 concerning the management of dynamic archives, mail management must be developed by means of information technology and developed into a means of regional government office administration system. The purpose of this study is to describe the management of incoming and outgoing mail archives at the General Bureau and Equipment for the Regional Secretariat of Sulawesi Province. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative and is supported by secondary data. The type of data used is primary data obtained from interviews and secondary data obtained from data processing and observation. The data analysis technique starts from collecting information through interviews and at the final stage by drawing conclusions. The results showed that the management of incoming and outgoing mail archives at the General Bureau and Equipment of the Regional Secretariat of South Sulawesi Province had not run effectively and efficiently, where the management of outgoing mail had not been running properly, which was caused by facilities and infrastructure factors as well as unsupporting human resources.

There are three objectives in this study, namely to see the effect of company scale, liquidity and capital structure on internal financial performance. The research population took the financial data of companies or issuers of LQ-45 shares of 56 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 period. The sample used was 36 companies with the criteria for issuing complete financial reports for the 2017-2020 period. Methods of data analysis using quantitative data with the classical assumption test, multiple regression test, hypothesis testing and test the coefficient of determination. All the results from the research show a significant effect but with different directions of the relationship. Company scale and liquidity have a positive effect on the company's internal financial performance, but capital structure has a negative and influence

Background: Pre-operation is the initial stage to prepare the patient as much as possible, more than two-thirds of patients waiting for surgery experience anxiety because it is their first time undergoing spinal anesthesia surgery. As a result of the patient's intense preoperative anxiety, there is a possibility that the operation cannot be carried out. The way to overcome anxiety is through deep breathing relaxation techniques. Objective: To determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation on anxiety in preoperative patients. Research methods: This research uses quantitative research design using Quasy Experiment, namely an experimental design carried out without randomization. This research was conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong Hospital in the operating room in February 2024. This population consisted of 42 patients in one month with a research sample of 30 respondents. This research instrument uses the APAIS questionnaire. This research technique uses purposive sampling. Results: The data that can be generated when using the deep breathing relaxation technique is 30 respondents using the pre test-post test technique. During the pre-test, those experiencing moderate anxiety amounted to 40.0%, severe anxiety amounted to 40.0%, the most severe anxiety/panic amounted to 20.0%. At the time of the post test, those experiencing mild anxiety were 66.7%, and those experiencing moderate anxiety were 33.3%. Conclusion: When the observation was carried out, there was a decrease in the level of anxiety, so that the respondent's anxiety had reduced.

Spinal anesthesia is a widely used anesthetic technique, particularly in surgeries involving the lower body, due to its effectiveness and safety profile. A critical component of post-spinal anesthesia recovery is the assessment of patient mobility, which can be quantitatively measured using the Bromage Score. The Bromage Score evaluates the degree of motor block, which is essential for determining when a patient can safely begin mobilizing after anesthesia. The education and implementation of the Bromage Score in hospitals are designed to enhance healthcare professionals' understanding of its significance, ensuring a more objective and systematic approach to patient recovery monitoring. This educational program involves a structured training session for healthcare workers, distribution of educational materials such as brochures and manuals, and evaluations both before and after the intervention to assess changes in knowledge and application. The results of the program indicate a significant increase in healthcare professionals’ understanding of how to apply the Bromage Score and improved quality in the monitoring of patient mobility after spinal anesthesia. The consistent and accurate implementation of the Bromage Score is crucial as it helps medical personnel determine an appropriate and safe time for patient mobilization, thus reducing the risk of complications such as falls, orthostatic hypotension, or delayed recovery. As a result, the program is recommended as a standard practice in healthcare settings to improve post-spinal anesthesia recovery outcomes and patient safety.

Abstract: Financial institutions have a role as intermediary institutions or a process of transferring funds from savers to borrowers or those who need funds. The role of financial institutions is very large in the growth and development of the community's economy. Currently, non-bank financial institutions also have the influence to develop the businesses of the surrounding community that cannot be reached by banks. One of them is in the Sharia Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSPPS) Kramat, which provides financing with rahn products. Researchers conducted research on the implementation of rahn products and strengthening the business of members in KSPPS Kramat. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of Rahn products and to determine the effect of Rahn financing in increasing income and strengthening businesses that were built or even being run by members. The research conducted at KSPPS Kramat uses qualitative research methods, by interviewing several members of KSPPS Kramat and their administrators. While the data collection techniques carried out by researchers are interviews, documentation and observation. In this study the researchers found several things. In the application of the Rahn product at KSPPS Kramat using a sale and purchase agreement, but it does not take advantage of the goods that are pawned and the application for financing is also easy. With the financing of rahn products, businesses around the village of Jatiarjo have increased, this is because the installments at KSPPS Kramat do not have usury. And the monthly installments are quite light, making it easier for the community to pay off the proposed financing. Keywords: KSPPS, Rahn Products, Income Increase.

Learning media has an important role in increasing students’ understanding and retention, attracting their attention, and supporting various learning styles. In the context of Vocational High Schools (SMK), where students tend to be more interested in practical learning, developing relevant and interesting learning media is crucial, especially for Indonesian language subjects. This article discusses the importance of training for vocational school teachers in creating effective learning media. This training aims to increase the understanding of vocational school teachers in Karangpucung sub-district about the concept of learning media, equip them with technical skills in making media, and integrate information and communication technology (ICT) in the learning process. Through stages that include theory, practice and feedback, this training is expected to increase teacher creativity and student learning motivation. Overall, this training contributes to improving the quality of Indonesian language learning in vocational schools, creating a more dynamic and effective learning environment.

Pregnancy can cause the body to be very susceptible to low hemoglobin levels, which during pregnancy require sufficient iron for the body. If the body loses iron, anemia will occur, because the body requires the intake of foods that contain iron. Anemia itself where the value of the hemoglobin level is less than the normal value or below the normal value. So if a pregnant woman has a hemoglobin level below the normal value, she will be prone to anemia. The risk of anemia during pregnancy can occur in the fetus because it can affect the growth and development of the fetus and baby, as well as babies born prematurely or with reduced body weight. Dates are a fruit which contains many benefits for the body, one of which is to prevent anemia. The content of the date palm itself contains nutrients for the body such as protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamine, ribovalfin, nicotinic acid, and iron. To determine hemoglobin levels in pregnant women before and after giving dates. The research method used this time was preexperimental with a one-group pre-test post-test research design. While the examination using the cyanmethemoglobin method. The results of the study of hb levels before being given dates with an average result of 11.94 and after being given dates the average result was 12.65 which showed an increase in hb levels. Data analysis using the Paired Sample Test statistical test obtained the results of sig (2 tailed) of 0.207 or > 0.05. From the results of the statistical analysis of the Paired Sample Test, it can be said that Ho is accepted, which means that there is no significant effect on the administration of dates on hemoglobin levels before and after.  

Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) is a disease condition where there is a decrease in kidney function, no longer able to carry out its function of filtering the blood, removing toxins and unable to remove waste products from the blood effectively, characterized by the presence of protein in the urine and a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. Hemodialysis is a kidney replacement therapy method that is often used to manage CKD. The prevalence of CKD in Indonesia continues to increase every year with some patients undergoing hemodialysis. CKD patients undergoing HD are susceptible to anemia. Anemia in CKD patients can be caused by blood loss during dialysis procedures, and disturbances in iron metabolism. The aim of the study was to analyze changes in hemoglobin levels in CKD patients after undergoing hemodialysis. The research was carried out in a descriptive observational manner through an initial screening stage, an examination stage by measuring hemoglobin levels before and after the hemodialysis session and readings using a Mindray BC-5830. The examination results showed that the hemoglobin levels of CKD patients increased after undergoing HD. Hemoglobin levels in male CKD patients were higher than female patients both before and after undergoing HD. The conclusion of this study is that HD has an effect on increasing hemoglobin levels in CKD patients, both female and male patients.    

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Sijeruk village, Banjarmangu district, Banjarnegara regency have shown significant development. However, there remain several challenges faced by UMKM entrepreneurs, including limited marketing outreach, financial reports intertwined with household finances, and inadequate innovation in product development and packaging. This community service initiative aims to address these issues effectively.

Character education strengthening occurs not only theoretically in the classroom but also through habituation in daily life. Using drama as a method for character education can be effective because drama is closely linked to character development. This article aims to discuss the affirmation of drama appreciation learning in relation to the importance of character education for fourth-semester students at STKIP Darussalam Cilacap. The researcher applies a literature review methodology, focusing on the use of texts and library literature as primary sources. The results indicate that regular drama appreciation learning activities have a positive impact on students' development. The findings highlight the significant contribution of drama appreciation learning to character education at STKIP Darussalam. It teaches students moral values, ethics, and responsibilities. Additionally, interaction during drama activities plays a key role in enhancing students' tolerance towards differing opinions, backgrounds, and cultures, creating a holistic educational environment. The presence of drama as an art form, both at the elementary school level and as part of higher education curricula, should impact by reflecting the reinforcement of character education in the digital era, which increasingly overlooks essential foundational aspects of life, such as efforts to build good personal and moral character. 

Background: Hypertension is the highest cause of death in Indonesia. Non-pharmacological therapy that could reduce blood pressure was decoction of avocado leaves. This study aims to determine effectiveness decoction of avocado leaves to blood pressure of hypertensive patients in Siwalankerto Health Center Surabaya. Methods: This research used Quasy experimental one groups pre test-posttest with control design with a quantitative approach. Sampling techniques used was probability sampling with simple random sampling which obtained sample of 30 respondents aged 26-45 years old.15 respondents in the avocado leaves decoction intervention groups and 15 respondents in the control groups. Data analysis was carried out with the help of computer programs by using Paired T-Test. Result: result of the Paired T-Test of systolic and dyastolic blood pressure obtained p = 0,000 with a significance level (p<0,05), meaning that there was an influence between before and after giving treatment of avocado leaves decoction to blood pressure of hypertensive patients in Siwalankerto Health Center Surabaya. Conclusion: The research implication showed that complementary therapies provided by nurses could be a motivation to achieve the goals of hypertension self care.  

Remote temperature monitoring is needed in hazardous area conditions or fast data retrieval is needed without being limited by distance. This condition can be overcome by monitoring and measuring the temperature from a remote location using internet technology that is currently developing, namely the Internet of things. There are many implementations of remote temperature monitoring systems, but the measurement results of these sensors sometimes have very significant differences even for measuring the temperature of the same object. This study aims to analyze the implementation of an effective and efficient remote temperature monitoring system. The temperature measurement process uses the LM35 and MLX 90614 sensors based on Internet of things technology using the Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. After obtaining the results of temperature measurements using different sensors, the measurement results are analyzed and compared with standard temperature measuring instruments to obtain an effective and efficient implementation. Based on the analysis, the results of temperature measurements using the MLX 90614 sensor are effective and efficient sensors.

The research objective was to find out what kind of system used in processing the existing finance on Rt.04 Rw. 13 Desa Waringin Jaya and the obstacles faced in implementing the application. In addition, the authors hope that readers can understand the use of an application, especially the financial administration system. The research method used by researchers is the Extreme Programming (XP) method, which is a method that includes several rules in practice, consisting of planning, design, implementation / coding and test. During the study the authors found that at Rt. 04 Rw. 13 Desa Waringin Jaya does not yet have an effective and efficient financial administration system. After conducting the research, the authors gave conclusions, especially Rt. 04 Rw. 13 Desa Waringin Jaya requires a computerized system that is effective and efficient so that it can help the treasurer work. The author makes a system, namely the Financial Administration Application Rt. 04 Rw. 13 Waringin Jaya Village based on Java SE.

Main Objective: This study reports an experiment to explore differences in player feedback caused by different storytelling methods of Japanese-style Role-playing Games (JRPG). Background problem: Narration is considered the soul of JRPG, and is a vital and irreplaceable role. Different ways of telling stories can bring different experience effects even though the essence of the story is the same. Stories are presented directly to players in dialogue form, much like a visual interactive novel. Non-linear storytelling can break down important parts and allow players to explore freely. Players can collect clues to get to the main plot. Also, most JRPGs use short films and sound effects to create a cinematic experience. Novelty: Based on all studies of game storytelling (linear and nonlinear), this study will compare player feedback on different storytelling methods to see which narrative can provide a better player experience. Research Method: Researchers categorize these three narratives as Visual Novels, Environmental Narratives, Visuals, Sounds, and Dialogues. This experiment combined all three of Caught in Trap's in-game narratives to investigate player preferences. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with 21 players who were invited to play the game. Finding/Result: The research results show that the three ways of storytelling enrich the expression of game narratives. Both linear and nonlinear narratives have their advantages and disadvantages, and the best way to engage players is to interweave both narratives in the game. Conclusion: The experimental results show that the interweaving of three ways of storytelling can enrich the narrative form of games and guide game designers in improving game plots to engage players in JRPGs. Keywords: Storytelling-Method, JPRG, Game of Three Pillars

This study aims to identify and analyze the visualization of the expression of the main character of the droid, namely Kabasaran in the digital comic Nusantara Droid War using a visual language approach through the wimba 4 method (illustration). Visual analysis includes elements and principles of visual language by classifying Kabasaran character expressions based on the suitability of the form language method. The results of the analysis show the depiction of expressions, using detailed line drawings and thin shading on the eyes, eyebrows, nose and mouth. The way of depiction in Kabasaran expression uses expressive depiction, distortion, and lines. Expressive drawing uses lines that give the effect of wrinkles between the eyes. Enlarged distortion depiction, used for the eyes, mouth, and teeth. Overall, the face is described as smooth, not many thick lines that give the impression of wrinkles or an old impression which is adapted to the character of Kabasaran in the comic, which is a small child.   Keywords: Expression Visualization, Visual Language, Form Language

Background: Adequate level knowledge is necessary in providing proper first aid on chronic disease emergency. This community service aimed to improve the level of knowledge on chronic disease emergency management in Tibubeneng Village, North Kuta, Badung-Bali. Method: An-online-ninety-minutes-health education session was delivered to 22 participants using a PowerPoint and video media. Wilcoxon statistical analysis applied to know the mean difference of the knowledge level before and after the health education session. Result: Finding indicated no significant effect of health education of knowledge level improvement on chronic disease emergency management (p=0.78). Recommendation: We suggest conducting routine health education and interactive sessions such as simulation to enhance the knowledge on chronic emergency disease management.        

This study aims to determine the effect of leverage, fixed asset intensity, and firm size on tax aggressiveness. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2020 period. The sample of this research was taken using non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique and certain criteria. The method used in this research is panel data regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that leverage has a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness, while the intensity of fixed assets has no effect on tax aggressiveness, and firm size has a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness. The implications of the results of this study provide input to companies in making decisions to minimize the tax burden paid so that companies can be more aggressive towards taxes.

At the present time of the pandemic, it is difficult for the world's most unusual cuttlefish to market its products. Thus, umkm needs to be provided with facilities to market the products online. Special-based backends are one of the media for selling by-products on the catapult. The purpose of this research is to construct typical web-based appendage by-by-products. The purpose of this research is to construct typical web-based appendage by-by-products. Research methods used in the construction of systems on this research are the methods of research and development (R & D). This study provides several design systems, the design of system architecture, the DFD system, the design of the interface, and the design of system testing. The system was created using the framework laravel. As for the results of the final assignment research "typical web-based appendage". In this system, there are two users, the user as the store and the user as the buyer. On the user as a store there are several features that include input from store products, editing from products, confirmation of deliveries, responding to comments given by the buyer on the product, viewing the order data done by the buyer, and editing the store's data. While the user's features as the purchaser look at the product's data, see the store's data as a souvenir, order a by-product payment, confirm the order has been accepted, give an assessment of the product's already received, and edit the customer's data. The system was tested by using black box methods testing to see the effectiveness of a system built with test variables was 100%.

This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the farmer's exchange rate (the ratio of the price index received by farmers to the price index paid by farmers) in the food crops sub-sector in Riau Province. The data collected in this study is data published by the Central Statistics Agency of Riau Province. The data obtained were then analyzed using SPSS 22. The test results show that the level of expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (-2.475) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.048 < 0.05. Harvested area has a significant positive effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (4.441) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.004 <0.05. Meanwhile, the food import variable has no significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (2.273) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.063 > 0.05, with a value of Fcount (12.476) > Ftable , (4,35).

Taxes becomes very important because taxes provide a large contribution to state revenues. This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, leverage, firm size, sales growth dan audit quality to tax avoidance.  The sample of this study were Indonesia Stock Exchange registered manufacture companies in 2017 until 2019 thus 213 data were used in this study. descriptive statistical test and multiple regression tests with the SPSS 26 were used to analyze the data. This study showed that the independent variabel profitability has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, leverage has a significant negative on tax avoidance. On the other hand, firm size, sales growth and audit quality does not affect the tax avoidance variable