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This research is motivated by the increasing threat of global terrorism and the importance of the role of civil society in the prevention and countermeasures of terrorism crimes. In Riau Islands Province, civil society involvement in security still faces various obstacles, including a lack of awareness, fear of reprisals, and a lack of resources, all of which have an impact on the effectiveness of counterterrorism efforts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the participation of civil society in counterterrorism efforts in the Riau Islands, identify the obstacles faced, and provide suggestions for increasing community involvement. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data is collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of documents related to security policies. Respondents included security forces, NGO activists, and civil society members involved in security initiatives. The results show that despite the recognition of the importance of community involvement, there are still shortcomings in the implementation of effective programs. These shortcomings include a lack of training, a lack of protection for whistleblowers, and a lack of resources. These barriers limit the active participation of the community in terrorism prevention and countermeasures activities. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that the government increase the allocation of resources for community participation programs, develop safe and anonymous reporting mechanisms, and conduct extensive education and socialization programs to increase public awareness and skills in identifying and reporting suspicious activities. Security forces must also strengthen relations with civil society through more open communication and confidence-building

A good logistic system is really needed in a company to help in its development process. The aim of this research is to evaluate the logistic system and inventory cost at PT Solid Global Solution. This research uses qualitative methods with secondary data obtained from the observation and interview process. There are several problems found in the company which caused an increase in shortage costs and holding costs. These findings provide suggestions for improvements that can be implemented in order to minimize inventory costs incurred.

The advancement of information technology and globalization has transformed shopping behaviors, with social media becoming the primary platform for online shopping. This study aims to analyze the online shopping preferences of residents in Binjai City through social media using clustering methods, specifically the K-Means algorithm. Data were collected via a questionnaire targeting 523 respondents in Binjai City, focusing on variables such as gender, age, and the social media platforms used. Clustering methods are employed to group online shopping data into representative clusters, helping identify community preferences for specific social media platforms for shopping. Matlab is used to process the data and generate relevant insights into online shopping patterns, facilitating decision-making regarding the selection of the most suitable social media platform for transactions.The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for both sellers and buyers in determining the most effective social media platforms for online shopping. Additionally, the results will be useful for residents of Binjai City to understand and choose the social media platforms that best meet their online shopping needs.      

Tintun's Cookies, an SMEs of pastry and cookies that has been established for more than 10 years, plans to expand overseas. This study aims to identify countries with potential for Tintun's Cookies products, analyse external and internal factors, and formulate appropriate export strategies for Tintun's Cookies in preparing for exports to the target country. The research method uses Market Research Analysis using Trademap data and indicators such as import tariffs, requirements, trends, and distance in the destination country, PESTEL, EFE, IFE, and Marketing Mix 7ps. The results of the study show that Malaysia is the recommended country to be the main export destination for Tintun's Cookies products. This is supported by high market demand, proximity, elimination of import tariffs, ease of regulation, and cultural and product trend similarities. Based on the intersection of the IFE and EFE matrices, it shows that Tintun's Cookies is in quadrant 1, namely Grow and Build, where this position shows that Tintun's Cookies is in good condition in terms of strengths and opportunities and has the capability to export cookies to Malaysia. Thus, it is recommended a marketing strategy to take advantage of opportunities by developing products, market penetration, and market development. Some of the proposed strategies are to meet export requirements in Indonesia and Malaysia through export training from the government, meet labelling and identity requirements for cookies in Malaysia, set competitive selling prices, collaborate with the government and e-commerce media to reach consumers.    

This research explores the impact of fiscal policies on maritime economics, focusing on macroeconomic stability, sector-specific resilience, and sustainability initiatives within maritime industries. Through qualitative analysis and expert perspectives, the study examines how fiscal interventions influence economic growth, address regional disparities, and promote environmental stewardship in maritime sectors. Key findings highlight the effectiveness of fiscal tools in stabilizing economic fluctuations, fostering innovation, and enhancing industry competitiveness. Challenges such as regulatory complexities, uneven distribution of fiscal benefits, and the need for enhanced fiscal transparency are also discussed. The research underscores the importance of tailored fiscal strategies that support inclusive growth, sustainable development, and global competitiveness in maritime economies.

This study aims to further investigate "The Influence of Service Quality and Price on Customer Satisfaction" at PT Tiga Berlian Mandiri Surabaya. The background of this research is that in the era of globalization, customer satisfaction becomes a key success factor for companies to continue to grow and compete. PT. Tiga Berlian Mandiri (Tiberman), an importer of heavy equipment tires, has faced complaints related to customer dissatisfaction due to service issues. This is also supported by company data showing a decline in April 2024. Therefore, this research is important to help the company improve the services and products provided. The objectives of this study are to determine: the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction, the influence of price on customer satisfaction, and the influence of both service quality and price on customer satisfaction. The method used in this research is the quantitative method, which aims to develop mathematical models, theories, and hypotheses related to a phenomenon to determine the relationships between variables within a population. Data were obtained through observation, questionnaires, and literature studies. The research population is the employees and customers of PT Tiga Berlian Mandiri Surabaya, with a sample of 34 taken from the population using purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire results were calculated using a Likert Scale. The conclusion of this study is that service quality affects customer satisfaction and price affects customer satisfaction.  

Climate change represents one of the most critical challenges of the 21st century, demanding immediate and coordinated global action. While various mitigation policies have been developed, including cap-and-trade schemes and carbon taxes, they often fail to fully address ethical concerns, such as equity, justice, and responsibility. This study explores the potential role of Islamic economic principles in strengthening climate change mitigation policies. Islamic economics, grounded in values like justice (Adl), stewardship (Khilafah), and communal responsibility, offers a moral framework that can enhance global efforts to combat climate change. Through a policy review and comparative analysis, the study examines the alignment of Islamic economic values with existing secular climate policies, highlighting their ability to address social and environmental injustices that often arise from traditional approaches. Additionally, the study discusses the practical applications of Islamic finance instruments such as Green Sukuk, Zakat, and Waqf, demonstrating their potential to fund sustainable projects. The integration of these Islamic values into international climate frameworks is shown to offer ethical and inclusive solutions, promoting a more just distribution of the burdens and benefits of climate action. This paper concludes by recommending that Sharia-based frameworks be incorporated into global climate policies and highlights the importance of future research in understanding the role of religious ethics in climate change mitigation.

The development of packaging design in Indonesia continues to increase quite significantly, especially in products that are used daily such as packaging and other products in circulation. Nowadays, packaging also functions as a very effective and efficient promotional medium because the information on the packaging will be conveyed directly to consumers when a product is seen or purchased by a consumer. In product packaging design, color changes often occur, where the color changes do not comply with the standards of the AKD (Domestic Medical Devices) circular , which sometimes means designers or related parties may misunderstand or interpret the instructions contained in the Domestic Medical Devices circular. . This can result in color changes that are not as expected. The formulation of the research problem is how to use color in the packaging design for Mask, ShosCover , MobCap products according to the standards of the Domestic Medical Devices circular at PT. Medika Maesindo Global?. The aim of this research is to determine and assess color suitability which involves evaluating whether the colors used in the packaging design comply with the standards of the Domestic Medical Devices circular at PT. Medika Maesindo Global.

This research investigates the intricate landscape of financial challenges and opportunities in the maritime industry through the lens of expert perspectives in economics, management, and maritime operations. Drawing on qualitative insights from industry leaders and scholars, the study analyses key economic indicators such as GDP growth rates, inflation, interest rates, and trade balances, highlighting their profound impact on global shipping dynamics. The findings reveal pervasive challenges including economic volatility, regulatory compliance burdens, and sustainability pressures, which necessitate strategic responses for financial resilience and operational sustainability. Strategic recommendations are delineated to address these challenges effectively, advocating for enhanced risk management strategies, investment in technological innovation, adoption of sustainable practices, collaborative industry partnerships, and capacity building in talent development. These insights are crucial for maritime stakeholders aiming to navigate economic uncertainties and regulatory complexities while advancing towards sustainable growth and competitiveness in the global maritime economy.

Radicalism remains a widespread global threat, especially in multicultural countries like Indonesia. Educational institutions play an essential role in countering radical ideologies by shaping students' characters to foster resilience against extremism. This paper explores how the synergy between architectural design, the authenticity of the place, and social adaptive learning through social networks and effective curriculum management contributes to creating an effective anti-radicalism learning environment. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this study examines existing literature on educational architecture, place-based learning, effective learning curriculum and integration of social networks in character education. The review highlights how architectural spaces that encourage collaboration and interaction can help foster inclusivity, open dialogue, and social cohesion—key elements in preventing radicalization. In addition, the concept of authenticity of place, which emphasizes the connection between students and their local cultural heritage, is identified as an important factor in building tolerance and social awareness alongside the implementation of an effective learning curriculum. Through place-based learning, students can develop a stronger sense of identity and belonging so that they are less easily influenced by extremist ideologies. Furthermore, integrating social networks into educational environments is examined for their role in promoting socially adaptive learning. Social platforms provide opportunities for students to engage with diverse perspectives, develop critical thinking, and build empathy—skills that are essential to counter radicalization. The SLR method allows for a comprehensive synthesis of research findings, offering new insights into how educational spaces can be designed to foster anti-radicalism character. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the relationship between architecture, cultural context, effective curriculum implementation, and digital learning and offers recommendations for educational institutions to enhance their role in preventing radicalization.

This research focuses on the role of the Barikan Tradition in strengthening social solidarity among the community, highlighting how this cultural and religious practice serves as a bond between community members. Additionally, the study aims to explore the religious meanings embedded in the Barikan Tradition from the local community's perspective, as well as its influence on the formation of collective identity. A qualitative approach using ethnographic methods was employed to deeply examine the religious meanings and functions of the Barikan Tradition and its social impact on the community. The findings indicate that the Barikan Tradition is understood as an effort to maintain balance between the spiritual and material worlds, between traditional values and the demands of modernization. This tradition plays a significant role in reinforcing social solidarity, preserving collective identity, and helping the community adapt to social changes. Furthermore, the Barikan Tradition reflects religious syncretism, where a fusion of local beliefs with religion occurs. As a religious rite passed down through generations, Barikan not only functions as a symbolic ritual but also as a reflection of spirituality and community values. In the context of the sociology of religion, this tradition plays an important role in strengthening collective consciousness and preserving religious values amid the challenges of globalization and modernization.

This study explores the integration of Islamic epistemology with modern scientific methodologies, proposing a pluralistic epistemic framework that bridges the gap between divine revelation (wahyu), rationality (aql), and empirical knowledge. The research investigates the comparative relationship between traditional Islamic knowledge systems, particularly classical Qur'anic hermeneutics, modern tafsir approaches, and contemporary scientific methods. Traditional Islamic epistemology, grounded in metaphysical and theological frameworks, often emphasizes the separation of spiritual knowledge from empirical science. However, modern scientific methodologies, which prioritize empirical observation and rational inquiry, have created challenges for reconciling Islamic thought with contemporary scientific paradigms. This study identifies common epistemic grounds, such as the use of reason, observation, and the search for truth, as shared goals between Islamic epistemology and modern science. The proposed integrative model of Islamic epistemic pluralism offers a more cohesive and relevant approach to knowledge by acknowledging both spiritual and scientific insights. This model suggests that divine revelation and empirical science can coexist in an inclusive epistemic framework, providing a more comprehensive understanding of reality. The implications of this integrative model for Islamic thought, education, and research are significant, suggesting potential for broader interdisciplinary collaboration and a more holistic approach to addressing modern challenges. The study concludes by calling for further research into practical frameworks for applying Islamic epistemic pluralism across various fields, such as social sciences, engineering, and environmental studies, to contribute to a more inclusive and dynamic global intellectual discourse.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health threat, and around 90% of all patients suffering from DM throughout the world are type 2 DM. Non-compliance related to Diabetes Mellitus is something that is a problem that should be avoided. This study aims to determine the level of patient compliance with the use of antidiabetic drugs at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center, and to determine the relationship between the level of compliance of Diabetes Mellitus patients with blood glucose levels (fasting and while) at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center. This research is a type of analytical observational research with a research design. cross-sectional. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 23 software. The results showed that the majority of respondents fell into the "compliant" category, 20 respondents (62.5%) compared to "non-compliant" 12 respondents (37.5%). In addition, when checking blood glucose levels it was found that 62.5% of "compliant" patients had controlled fasting blood glucose levels, while only 28.1% of "compliant" patients had uncontrolled fasting blood glucose levels. Regarding the relationship between the level of absolute compliance with fasting blood glucose levels (P= 0.005), the results of compliance with glucose levels when controlled were (0.003). Keywords: diabetes mellitus, patient compliance, blood glucose levels.    

Madhava Kreasi Indonesia adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang kreatif, yang beroperasi dalam sektor bisnis broker (perantara) dalam pemasaran properti yang diciptakan dengan harapan dapat membantu pemilik properti berkembang dalam persaingan yang terus berkembang di pasar globaldalam jangka panjang. Selain bergerak pada bidang properti, PT. Madhava  Kreasi Indonesia juga bergerak pada bidang hospitality yaitu travel experience pada bagian reservasi kamar pada properti yang sudah menjadi partner. Perusahaan ini, juga terdapat kegiatan dalam ruang lingkup digital marketing. Kegiatan digital marketing di PT. Madhava Kreasi Indonesia adalah membuat konten- konten video travelling dan promosi properti yang di-upload di akun sosial media. Selain itu juga kegiatan ini mencangkup memasang iklan di Facebook dan Instagram me nggunakan Meta Ads. Reservasi dilakukan PT. Madhava Kreasi Indonesia, kegiatannya  memastikan ketersediaan kamar atau fasilitas penginapan pada tanggal dan waktu yang diinginkan oleh tamu. Tamu yang sudah melakukan reservasi akan merasa aman dan nyaman karena mereka tahu bahwa tempat penginapanmereka sudah ter-booking.

This study explores the role of interreligious environmental ethics in shaping global cooperation to address the ongoing ecological crisis. By analyzing and comparing the teachings of Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism, the study identifies key environmental ethics principles that are shared across these religious traditions, such as non-violence, the sacredness of nature, and the principle of moderation in resource use. Despite theological and doctrinal differences, these shared values provide a strong philosophical and moral foundation for fostering cooperation among religious communities in addressing global environmental challenges. The study also examines the philosophical divergences within religious teachings, such as the varying interpretations of human dominion over nature and the role of humans as stewards or caretakers of the Earth. These theological differences present challenges in creating a unified environmental ethical framework, yet they also highlight the richness and diversity of religious perspectives on ecological responsibility. The practical applications of these teachings are discussed, focusing on how religious values have been integrated into real-world environmental movements, such as faith-based environmentalism and interfaith collaborations. The findings underscore the potential for interfaith dialogue to catalyze global environmental action and the creation of a unified global ethical system. Such a system, grounded in shared religious values, could provide a framework for sustainable practices and ecological justice, offering a moral guide for individuals, communities, and nations in their efforts to mitigate environmental degradation and promote sustainability.

The evolution of global virtual firms in the post-pandemic era has transformed the dynamics of leadership, collaboration, and team performance. This study investigates the influence of digital leadership styles-particularly transformational, transactional, and adaptive-on the effectiveness of collaboration among remote teams operating in multinational virtual environments. Using a mixed-methods approach that integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, data were collected from managers and team leaders of multinational corporations who lead geographically dispersed teams. Quantitative findings reveal that adaptive and transformational digital leadership styles significantly enhance communication, coordination, trust, and motivation within remote teams, while transactional leadership proves less effective in sustaining engagement across time zones and cultural boundaries. Qualitative insights highlight that flexibility, empathy, and digital literacy are central to building trust and cohesion in diverse virtual settings. Moreover, the use of advanced collaboration tools such as Slack, Microsoft Teams, and Zoom amplifies leadership effectiveness when aligned with inclusive communication practices. The study underscores that successful digital leadership depends on balancing human-centered empathy with technological competence to foster team cohesion and innovation. Managerial implications emphasize the need to develop leaders’ digital competencies and cross-cultural communication skills, along with fostering adaptive strategies to sustain engagement in virtual work environments. Future research should explore the longitudinal effects of digital leadership development programs across industries to assess their sustained impact on productivity, innovation, and organizational resilience in digital ecosystems.

The prevalence of stunting in toddlers remains a significant global health concern, particularly in developing countries. This literature review aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-care practices in families with stunted toddlers and identify successful intervention strategies. A systematic search was conducted across three major databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, yielding 48 articles, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The review revealed that successful interventions typically incorporated comprehensive educational programs, strong community health worker engagement, robust family support systems, and integration with existing healthcare infrastructure. Key findings highlighted the importance of cultural adaptation, family empowerment, and community involvement in stunting prevention programs. Implementation barriers included resource limitations, cultural beliefs, knowledge gaps, and healthcare access challenges. The studies, particularly from Indonesian contexts, demonstrated that culturally adapted, family-centered interventions yielded significant improvements in child growth outcomes and family self-care practices. However, limitations in study duration and scope suggest the need for more long-term research to evaluate intervention sustainability. This review provides valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers in developing effective stunting prevention strategies.

As environmental challenges continue to intensify globally, there is an increasing need for educational systems to foster ecological awareness and sustainable living practices. This paper explores the integration of ecospirituality within religious education, combining deep ecology and faith-based pedagogy to promote environmental consciousness among students. Ecospirituality, a concept that merges ecological awareness with spiritual beliefs, provides a holistic framework that not only encourages ecological stewardship but also aligns these practices with religious values. The paper examines key principles of deep ecology, such as the interconnectedness of all life, biospherical egalitarianism, and anti-consumerism, and explores their application in educational contexts. It also delves into how religious education has historically approached environmental issues, particularly through faith-based pedagogies that emphasize moral responsibility for creation. Using a qualitative research approach, the study conducts content analysis of religious curricula, interviews with educators, and textual examination of religious literature to uncover ecological principles within religious teachings. The findings suggest that the integration of ecological themes into religious education enhances students' understanding of environmental ethics and strengthens their connection to nature. Despite challenges such as resistance to curriculum changes, variations in theological interpretations, and the need for teacher training, the study highlights innovative solutions, including professional development and curriculum adaptation. The comparison with secular environmental education models shows that ecospirituality offers a unique approach by embedding sustainability within spiritual practices. The paper concludes by recommending further research and curriculum development to ensure that ecospirituality can play a central role in shaping a sustainable future through education.

Digital ethics frameworks play a crucial role in shaping corporate governance in tech startups, ensuring transparency, accountability, and trust within organizations. As digital technologies continue to evolve and become more integrated into daily operations, startups face both opportunities and challenges related to the ethical implications of these technologies. In emerging markets like Indonesia, the adoption of these frameworks remains limited due to resource constraints, lack of awareness, and resistance to formalizing governance structures. This study explores how Indonesian tech startups integrate digital ethics frameworks into their governance policies and examines the associated benefits and challenges. Through interviews with governance managers and key decision-makers in these startups, the study identifies key trends, including improved transparency and enhanced stakeholder relationships for startups that implement digital ethics practices. However, barriers such as limited expertise, organizational misalignment, and the flexible nature of startups present significant hurdles. The study also highlights the impact of digital ethics on corporate reputation and investor confidence, with startups benefiting from a stronger market presence and increased funding opportunities. In comparison to global practices, Indonesian startups face additional challenges due to cultural attitudes towards corporate responsibility, regulatory gaps, and a slower market readiness for ethical governance reforms. The study provides recommendations for regulatory bodies to create clear guidelines for digital ethics adoption and suggests promoting training for startup leaders to help them integrate these frameworks effectively into their governance policies. These actions can support the long-term sustainability of tech startups, fostering responsible innovation and ethical business practices.

Islamic education has a very strategic role in forming a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent, but also has faith and noble character. Education in Islam is designed to develop all human potential, both physical, intellectual, spiritual and moral, aiming not only for worldly life, but also happiness in the afterlife. In this context, Islamic education combines religious values ​​with modern knowledge to create humans who are able to adapt to the challenges of the times without forgetting their religious identity and teachings. This paper aims to explore the concept of Islamic education from various perspectives, including philosophical aspects, objectives, curriculum, teaching methods, as well as their implementation in modern life. By deepening understanding of Islamic education, it is hoped that solutions will emerge to the global challenges faced by Muslims today, such as moral crises, value disorientation, and an imbalance between mastery of knowledge and spirituality. This paper also highlights the importance of updating the curriculum and teaching methods in accordance with technological developments and the demands of the times, without ignoring fundamental Islamic values. Through this study, it is hoped that readers can understand more deeply how Islamic education can play a role in forming a generation that is not only physically intelligent. intellectual, but also have strong moral and spiritual integrity, so that they are able to contribute to creating a better civilization in the future.