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The refugee crisis experienced by Bangladesh due to the mass exodus of Rohingya refugees fleeing ethnic conflict in Myanmar is one of the largest refugee issues in the world. This crisis needs to be addressed immediately as it can threaten the lives of both the local population and the refugees themselves. Overcrowded shelters, housing nearly 1 million refugees with half of the population being children, increase the risk of disease transmission and violence, which can be a deadly combination for children. Therefore, to tackle the refugee problem, especially in fulfilling the rights of Rohingya children in Bangladesh, international actors' assistance is urgently needed. One of the organizations involved is UNICEF. UNICEF strives to provide aid in line with its capabilities and functions as an international organization focused on children and women. The aid provided by UNICEF is in the form of foreign aid or humanitarian assistance, divided into two types: material assistance and technical assistance. Material assistance includes the provision of clean water, food, hygiene supplies, education, and shelter. Technical assistance is provided through protection, training, and counseling. In its efforts to meet the needs of Rohingya refugee children, UNICEF has established the "UNICEF’s Humanitarian Action for Children in Bangladesh: Rohingya Influx" program, covering several sectors, including Child Protection, Health, Education, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH), and Nutrition. The humanitarian assistance provided aligns with the stipulations of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) regarding the fulfillment of the rights of refugee children.

This study focuses on clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) and the provision of healthy food to elementary school children. The aim is to enhance PHBS habits and healthy food intake among students through a participatory approach involving students, teachers, and parents. The research method includes sosialitation and interviews, with subjects being third to 4 and 5 students in elementary schools in 56 Perumnas Poka. Results show significant improvements in personal hygiene habits, the use of sanitation facilities, and the purchase and consumption of healthy food at school. Involvement teachers support also increased, contributing to the program's success. Positive feedback was received from the school community, though challenges such as resource limitations and the need for consistent monitoring remain. This study highlights the importance of community collaboration in promoting children's health.

The cleanliness of tourist destinations, especially in coastal and beach areas, is a crucial aspect that supports environmental sustainability and visitor comfort. This study analyzes various strategies and best practices for maintaining cleanliness in coastal tourist areas. The research methods used include literature review, field observations, and interviews with tourism managers, visitors, and local communities. The findings indicate that active participation from all stakeholders, including the government, community, and tourists, is essential in maintaining cleanliness. Additionally, environmental education, adequate sanitation facilities, and strict regulation enforcement significantly contribute to the cleanliness of coastal areas. The study concludes that a holistic and collaborative approach is key to preserving the cleanliness and beauty of coastal and beach tourist destinations.  

Poor environmental sanitation and malnutrition are the leading causes of STH infection. This study aims to determine the relationship between ecological sanitation, nutritional status, and STH infection incidence in elementary school children. This type of research is descriptive research. The research location is UPT SDN 060831, Medan City. The sample was 32 respondent, Medan City students, obtained using the total sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaire instruments, Body Mass Index (BMI) examinations, and fecal examinations. The data were further analyzed univariately. The results showed that most environmental sanitation conditions did not qualify, such as latrine conditions (68.8%), SPAL conditions (75.0%), trash can conditions (87.5%), and clean water facilities (68.8%). Nutritional status (BMI/U) was most in the normal category (65.6%), and no helminth eggs were found in respondents (negative STH), so a relationship analysis could not be carried out. It is suggested that the school and parents support government programs related to providing mass worm- prevention drugs.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that is influenced by the environment and people's behavior. In Jambi City, Dengue Fever is still a public health problem. This research aims to distribute dengue hemorrhagic fever (DBD) incidence in Jambi City. This research uses Global Moran's analysis and Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) to determine the Hot Spot and Cold Spot areas for dengue cases in Jambi City in 2018 -2022 with a sub-district analysis unit of 62 sub-districts. During 5 years of observation, the results showed that the distribution pattern of dengue fever cases was in the form of a clustered pattern (I>E[I]) in 2018-2022. The research results on the distribution of dengue fever cases from 2018-2022 showed that the lowest cases were in 2021, namely 132 cases, while the highest cases were in 2019, 698 cases. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of the distribution of dengue fever incidence in Jambi City in 2018 - 2022 so that it becomes a recommendation material for the Jambi City Health Office or the Jambi City Government in an overview of environmental factors related to dengue fever incidence in Jambi City to prevent various diseases due to poor environmental sanitation in Jambi City. Knowing the distribution pattern of dengue fever can determine regional priorities in implementing dengue fever prevention and control intervention programs in Jambi City.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that has a serious impact on children's physical and cognitive development, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This condition is caused by various factors, including poverty, lack of access to nutritious food, poor sanitation, and minimal public knowledge about nutrition and health. Intervention in Eka Mulya Village, East Mesuji District, through socialization activities for preventing and handling stunting has succeeded in increasing public understanding and awareness of the importance of balanced nutrition and good health practices. This program has shown positive results in reducing stunting rates, however, challenges in the sustainability of education programs and monitoring the implementation of health practices still need to be addressed. Therefore, strong commitment and cooperation is needed from all parties to ensure the sustainability of this program and create a significant long-term impact in efforts to improve the quality of human resources and development in the future.

Canteen facilities and infrastructure is an important component in efforts to support school health so it needs to be considered in accordance with adiwiyata standards. Things to consider include; canteen construction, sanitation facilities, pest and insect control, as well as kitchens, cooking and food equipment and supplies. SMP Negeri 40 Jakarta is one of the schools that implements a healthy canteen. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview or describe the facilities and infrastructure of healthy canteen implemented by SMP Negeri 40 Jakarta. The type of research used in this study is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. included in the good categorization with the percentage of accumulated data by 75%. This shows that the school facilitates canteen facilities and infrastructure well. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there are several indicators of canteen sanitation facilities that are in poor condition. In addition, there are still traders who lack awareness in accommodating food that is not in accordance with standards.

Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) is a strategy to sanitation development that was established in response to the high prevalence of diarrhea caused by poor sanitation in Morokrembangan Village, which resulted from the community's behavior of defecating anywhere. This approach facilitates the community empowerment process to analyze the situation and risks of environmental pollution caused by open defecation. This research aims to determine the effect of the first pillar of the Community Based Total Sanitation (STBM) program, namely Stop Open Defecation (STOPS) in Morokrembangan Village. Using the method proposed by finsterbusch and motz, namely the Single Program Before-After assessment/evaluation.  The existence of the STBM program has had a positive influence on society. The positive influence here can be seen from various aspects, such as positive influence in the form of changes in the environment, health, socio-culture, physical condition of latrines.

The problem of stunting among toddlers in Indonesia is still the focus of the public health agenda. Evaluation of stunting prevention programs is needed to identify program barriers and ensure their effectiveness in overcoming the problem of stunting in toddlers. To evaluate stunting prevention programs for toddlers in Indonesia and to provide recommendations and solutions in overcoming the problem of stunting in toddlers through a comprehensive approach involving various aspects of health and nutrition. The research method is a Systematic Literature Review, with data sources received from journals and research results published on Google Scholar, with journal criteria that match the research topic, using Indonesian and English, published in the last 5 years (2019-2023). The stunting prevention program for toddlers in Indonesia has been carried out with various activities such as monitoring toddlers, providing PMT, health education, nutritional counseling, and providing vitamins and minerals. Even though the program has been implemented, there are still obstacles such as delays in disbursement of BOK funds and lack of program effectiveness. Evaluation of this program is important to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the program in dealing with stunting in toddlers. It is important to carry out stunting prevention programs for toddlers in Indonesia to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the program in dealing with stunting problems. Solutions to overcome stunting require a comprehensive approach that includes access to nutritious food, nutrition education, access to health services, and improved sanitation.

Deficiency and excess nutrition can affect the growth and development of children. Several factors can affect nutritional status, namely symptoms of a history of infectious diseases and environmental sanitation. To determine the relationship between a history of infectious disease symptoms and environmental sanitation on the nutritional status of children aged 6-12 years. This research is a quantitative research and the research design used is analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all students at UPT SDN 060831 aged 6-12 years. The sample used was 225 students selected by statistical random sampling method. Data collection was carried out by measuring the child's weight and height and filling out questionnaires. Statistical test using Spearman test. Statistical test results showed that there was no relationship between a history of infectious disease symptoms and the nutritional status of children aged 6-12 years at UPT SDN 060831 because the ρ value was 0.147 or > 0.05. While the statistical test results also showed that there was a relationship between environmental sanitation and the nutritional status of children aged 6-12 years at UPT SDN 060831 with a ρ value of 0.000 or < 0.05 with a correlation coefficient of 0.313 meaning that the level of relationship strength was sufficient. The nutritional status of children at UPT SDN 060831 in 2023 is not affected by symptoms of infectious diseases (ISPA and Diarrhea) where research on the history of symptoms experienced by children is only in the last 1 month.

Food sanitation hygiene is an effort to control all physical and biological factors that may cause health problems. Food is in accordance with the standards, so good hygiene and sanitation is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and length of work on the hygiene behavior of processing workers at the Nutrition Installation of RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo. This type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this study were food handlers at the Nutrition Installation of RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo as many as 20 people with total sampling technique. Hygiene knowledge was obtained by interviewing using a questionnaire and hygiene behavior was obtained by observing using the behavior observation form. The analysis of the relationship between knowledge and hygiene behavior of food handlers used the Spearman Rank test and the relationship between length of work and hygiene with food handlers used the Chi Square test. The results showed that the relationship between knowledge and hygiene behavior of food handlers obtained a P value = 0.412 and the relationship between length of work and hygiene behavior of food handlers obtained a P value = 0.430. Conclusion There is no relationship between knowledge and length of work with the hygiene behavior of food handlers at the Nutrition Installation of RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo.  

This study aims to examine the influence of family socio-economic factors and coping strategies on editing at the Nurobo Community Health Center, Malaka Regency. This research uses a combined research approach (mixed methods). The sampling technique involves determining information using purposive sampling. The data analysis used in the quantitative method is validity testing, reliability testing, simple linear regression and hypothesis testing using that family socio-economic variables do not have a partial effect on the incidence of stunting with a coefficient of determination value of 0.4.5%. This aims to determine the Statistical Package tool for social science 28.0 for windows (SPSS). The data analysis used in the qualitative method is SWOT analysis. The test results show strategies for dealing with stunting incidents at the Nurobo Community Health Center. The results show that the most effective strategy can have a positive impact on stunting prevention strategies. Strategies that can be implemented to prevent stunting are by increasing access to better sanitation for the community and conducting educational outreach to make the community aware of the importance of nutritious food intake for toddlers to avoid stunting and other diseases in prevention efforts at the Nurobo Community Health Center, Malaka Regency.

A health facility is a meeting place for people who are affected by disease and who provide health services, as well as for people and their surroundings. Therefore, it can spread disease if the hospital environment conditions are inappropriate; one that is generated from the hospital is waste. The objective of this study is to be able to find out the analysis of the management of solid medical waste at the Puri Cinere Depok Hospital in 2022. The results of the research on solid medical wastes have been carried out in accordance with the operational standards contained in the Sanitation Hospital according to Kemenkes No. 1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004. The purpose of the clearance is to make disposal and destruction easier so that there are no mistakes in the final process. The collection of waste from the hospital to the B3 temporary storage facility is carried out so that the waste is properly sorted before being placed in the temporary shelter so that it can be disposed of and handled properly in the final process. The disposal used for the disposal of waste at the temporary disposal site is good because it has already carried out the sorting well and adjusted the operational standards for the containers used. The transportation carried out by Cinere Depok Puri Hospital has been in accordance with the procedures established by the government, as the transportation is carried out by Oxularry officers with self-protection equipment provided for safety in transportation, either from the room to the storage site or from the warehouse to the final disposal site. The collection to the final disposal site from the temporary storage site is sufficiently good, as it is sorted and weighed before being taken to the last disposal place. The final disposal or disposal of waste is already working together with PT. Prasadha Pamunah Limbah Industri (PPLi) because it does not have an inquirer and land for disposal, so the Hospital Puri Cinere Depok uses a third party that has been authorized and certified, but for wastewater management, it has been assured that it can be itself because it already has the equipment.    

Food sanitation hygiene is an effort to control factors in places, equipment, people and food ingredients that can or may cause health problems, disease or food poisoning. The aim of this research is to determine the Hygiene and Sanitation of Hospital Food according to PERMENKES No.1096/Menkes/Per/VI/2011 Concerning Jasaboga Sanitation Hygiene in Hospitals. This research uses a qualitative approach that describes the problem and focuses on the research. This research carried out in-depth interviews with 5 informants. This research was conducted in the hygiene and sanitation unit at Hospital. Collecting data by conducting observations, interviews, document analysis and documentation. Based on research results related to SOP Hygiene and Food Sanitation are appropriate, Selection of Food Ingredients is appropriate, Storage of Food Ingredients is appropriate, Food processing is still not appropriate where the cooking utensil storage rack is not closed to protect it from vectors, Storage of Finished Food Ingredients is appropriate, Serving The food is still not in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.1096 of 2011 because it uses wooden tables which are only covered with plastic. Suggestions for the Hospital for the environmental health unit are to provide cooking utensil storage racks with covers so that they can be protected from vectors and for the Environmental Health unit, it is hoped that the serving table should be replaced with a table made from stainless steel.

Intestinal diseases caused by transmission from worms as a source of helminthiasis generally occur in areas with subtropical and tropical climate conditions which have a wet climate and lack of awareness among the public regarding maintaining health and sanitation of the surrounding environment. Around 60 percent of Indonesians experience worm infections. The largest age group is 5-14 years old. The prevalence figure is 60 percent, 21 percent of which attack elementary school age children. This disease can be spread by eggs in human waste found in soil and water, therefore awareness of clean and sanitary living is very influential, the process or pattern of feces disposal is also very influential in the spread of this worm. The high rate of soil contamination by Ascaris, which reaches >70%, can also be caused by feces that are thrown anywhere, such as in bushes or around houses close to where you live.  Preventing recurrent infections is very important by practicing clean and healthy living habits such as avoiding contact with soil that may be contaminated with human feces, washing hands with soap and water before handling food, protecting food from soil and washing or heating food that falls on the floor. Several researchers have shown that school age is a group that is often affected by worm infections because they are often in contact with soil. Apart from the government, the role of teachers and parents is very important in providing understanding or knowledge about worms so that they are more disciplined. The aim of community service is to provide knowledge and understanding to class IV/A students at SD N Pannara regarding the dangers of worms and how to prevent them and administer worm medicine.    

Community-Based Sanitation Program (SANIMAS) is a form of government policy implemented by the Ministry of Public Works since 2006 regarding sanitation improvements and is designed to empower communities, Low Income, Communties (MBR), as well as disadvantaged communities, communities living in dense residential areas, slums, and poor in urban and rural areas. Apart from that, the SANIMAS program also places the community as actors, decision makers and those responsible for activities starting from identification, planning, implementation, management and supervision. This research aims to look at community perceptions of the implementation of the Sanimas Program, as well as look at the MCK infrastructure that has been built by the government to empower underprivileged communities and areas with high defecation rates. The method used in this research is the Qualitative Descriptive method. The results of this research show that the Sanimas Program ini Yoboi Village has been implemented by building 22 toilet units for 22 residents’ houses, whilw 40 other housing units have not been built, out of a total of 62 housing units there. The Sanimas Program is able to have a positive impact on people’s lives, namely increasing the level of dignity of the community, improving the level of environmental and community helath. Im implementing the Sanimas Program, the government has not fully built the infrastructure needed by the community to answer Sanitation problems. In terms of community empowerment, not all of them have been able to be empowered due to a lack of guidance from the regional government for the target community.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sanitation hygiene knowledge on the hygiene behavior intention of culinary students in SMK. The type of research used in this study is quantitative with an evaluative descriptive approach. Descriptive evaluative research is research conducted to investigate circumstances, conditions, situations, events, activities, and others whose results will be compared with criteria and conclusions drawn. The population of this study were X and XI grade culinary students of SMK Negeri 1 Lamongan, totaling 30 students selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used is a knowledge test question in the form of multiple choice of 20 questions which is used to measure the level of student knowledge and observation sheets to see student hygiene behavior at school. This study uses simple regression test analysis, the instrument is calculated using SPSS 25 and can be said to be valid if r count> 3.361. for the reliability test, the results are said to be reliable if Cronbach's Alpha> 0.60. In this study, the reliability value is 0.708. The results showed that 2 students' sanitation hygiene knowledge was in the low category (6.7%), 5 students in the moderate category (16.7%), 8 students in the good category (26.7%) and 15 students in the excellent category (50%). For hygiene behavior intention, 13 students were in the very good category with a percentage of 43.3% and there were 17 students in the good category with a percentage of 56.7%. The results showed that sanitation hygiene knowledge affects students' hygiene behavior with a large influence on the R Square value obtained of 26.5%.

The high prevalence of Scabies is due to the lack of attitude and poor environmental sanitation conditions. The lack of these will lead to the emergence of bad habits, such as poor personal hygiene, which can cause the body to be attacked by skin diseases that often occur in students, such as Scabies. This research aimed to determine the effect of snakes and ladder game media on the attitude of students in preventing Scabies at the Babun Najah Islamic Boarding School of Banda Aceh. This research used quasi-experimental methods with the pretest and post-test control group design. The population in this research was 53 students, while the sample was 15 students chosen by the Simple Random Sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire to determine attitude of students about scabies prevention. the Likert scale to assess students' attitudes. This research was conducted at Babun Najah Islamic Boarding School of Banda Aceh on August 18, 2023. The analysis using the t-test obtained a -value of 0.002 < α = 0.05 for attitudes, thus indicating that Ho was rejected, and Ha was accepted. This research concludes that there is a correlation between snakes and ladder game media on the attitude of students in preventing Scabies at the Babun Najah Islamic Boarding School of Banda Aceh. The researcher suggests that the Islamic boarding school can maintain the cleanliness of students to avoid Scabies.

Helminths is a term that refers to a group of parasitic diseases caused by nematodes that are transmitted to humans through soil contaminated with feces. The incidence of worms is influenced by several factors, including poor environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, such as lack of cleanliness in washing hands, not wearing footwear, not paying attention to clean nails, and poor sanitation are factors that cause worm infections. In an effort to control worms, the Minister of Health has established regulations for the mass administration of worm prevention medication, hereinafter referred to as POPM worms. The general aim of this research is to determine the relationship between parental knowledge, personal hygiene and environmental sanitation with the incidence of worms in children at SD Negeri 94 Kendari in 2023. The population in this study is all active students at SD Negeri 94 Kendari in 2023. The results of this research show There is no relationship between parental knowledge and the incidence of worms with a P-value of 0.207, for personal hygiene it has a significant relationship with the incidence of worms with a P-value of 0.010 and for environmental sanitation it also has a significant relationship with the incidence of worms with a P-value 0.001.

In the wastewater industry, it is divided into 2, specifically wastewater from home activities and production. Domestic activity wastewater comes from all worker sanitation activities and industrial supporting facilities such as prayer rooms, canteens and toilets. Waste water from these activities must be treated first so that it does not pollute the surrounding environment. PT X is an industry that operates in the field of bulk LPG filling stations which has made efforts to process and also utilize 100% of the waste water from its domestic activities. Sewage Treatment Plants handle the processing (STP) facilities with chemical and biological processes which are able to reduce pollutant parameters such as BOD, COD, TSS, Ammonia and Total Coliform by 90%, 85%, 95%, 90% and 99.9% and have been meet the specified quality standards. Meanwhile, oil & fat parameters are not too focused because they still meet existing quality standards, Therefore, processing aims to lower the relatively high organic characteristics. The results of this processing will be reused to reduce the use of clean water for irrigating green open spaces and roads.