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Achievement Motivation as the Responsibility of Teachers and Parents Towards Students in the 4.0 Era and Its Relevance in Christian Religious Education. The background of writing this article is to understand the motivation of students' learning achievement in the 4.0 era. The purpose of this study is to improve students' learning achievement, one of the determining factors of success is learning motivation. Motivation plays an important role in encouraging students to study diligently, tenaciously and with full concentration so that learning achievement can be optimal. The research method used in this study is qualitative research through literature study. The results are that learning motivation consists of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation which is influenced by various factors such as ideals, abilities, physical and psychological conditions of students, and the surrounding environment. Teachers and parents have an important role in providing achievement motivation through proper guidance, support, and supervision. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the challenges of learning motivation are increasingly complex because it facilitates access to technology that can distract students. Therefore, the role of Christian religious education is very important in shaping the character and spiritual values ​​of students so that they are able to face technological challenges wisely, maintain face-to-face relationships, and foster strong learning motivation.    

This study discusses the practice of inheritance distribution before the parents' death among the Muslim community in Medan Tembung District. This phenomenon reflects the dynamic interplay between Islamic law, customary law, and social practices in the division of inheritance. According to Islamic law, inheritance can only be distributed after the death of the testator. However, in Medan Tembung, early distribution is often carried out to avoid conflicts among heirs. This research uses a socio-legal approach with an empirical method based on field observations. The findings show that the community applies three inheritance systems: individual, matrilineal, and parental/bilateral. The distribution is conducted through hibah (grants) or wasiat (wills), typically documented in a written statement and often legalized by local community leaders or notaries. Cultural factors, education levels, and legal awareness significantly influence the variation in distribution systems. Most families still distinguish between the inheritance shares of sons and daughters, with sons typically receiving a larger portion. Community leaders play a vital role in mediating disputes, and if consensus is not reached, legal channels are pursued. These findings highlight the importance of legal education and the need for synergy among religious law, customary practices, and state law to ensure fairness in inheritance distribution.

Wayang Orang Sriwedari is a traditional Javanese theater performance that adapts the stories in the puppet show which has been established since 1911. The existence of the Sriwedari Wayang Orang Building cannot be separated from the role of a public relations in creating a Marketing Public Relations Strategy. The results of the research conducted show that the public relations of the Sriwedari Wayang Orang Building uses a three-way strategy analysis consisting of pull strategy, push strategy, and pass strategy. In these three strategies, the pull strategy is the most done, which is 7 ways. While in the push strategy there are 4 ways and the pass strategy is 4 ways.The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The data sources in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used are interviews, documentation, and observation. Researchers distributed questioners to find out the level of brand awareness as an achievement of the three strategies that have been carried out. Data analysis is obtained in the field with stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Of the three strategies that have been carried out by public relations of the Sriwedari Wayang Orang Building, the main problem is that the level of brand awareness is still at the level of unaware of the brand with the achievement of a pull strategy of 74%, push strategy 90%, and pass strategy 80%In order for the uploads made by Sriwedari Wayang Orang Building to be understood, an explanation is needed so that it can be fully understood by the reader.

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis apakah peran Satuan Pengawas Internal (SPI) dan penerapan internal control memiliki pengaruh terhadap pencapaian good university governance (GUG) pada salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri di kota Semarang dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 50 orang yang terdiri dari manajer dan supervisor di masing- masing unit serta seluruh auditor SPI di perguruan tinggi. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji kualitas data dan uji hipotesis dengan SPSS 27. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan Satuan Pengawas Internal tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap GUG. Dukungan manajemen, jumlah auditor SPI, dan besarnya ruang lingkup perguruan tinggi bisa menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi peran SPI terhadap pencapaian GUG. Sedangkan untuk internal control memiliki pengaruh dalam pencapaian good university governance yang artinya semakin kuat pengendalian internal pada perguruan tinggi, maka penerapan prinsip-prinsip GUG juga semakin baik.

Minimnya atensi wajib pajak terhadap sosialisasi telah dicoba oleh fiskus pajak menimbulkan kecenderungan wajib pajak buat tidak patuh dalam penuhi kewajiban perpajakannya. Diperlukan banyak profesi konsultan pajak karena masih minimnya konsultan pajak dalam menangani banyaknya wajib pajak dalam melaporkan kewajibannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan perpajakan, norma subjektif, dan penghargaan finansial terhadap minat berkarir mahasiswa menjadi konsultan pajak dengan self efficacy sebagai variabel moderasi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 127 orang yang memenuhi kriteria tertentu. Responden yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas Surabaya, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesia Surabaya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan SmartPLS versi 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan perpajakan, norma subjektif, dan penghargaan finansial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat karir mahasiswa menjadi konsultan pajak. Self efficacy memperkuat pengetahuan perpajakan, Self efficacy memperlemah norma subjektif, self efficacy tidak memoderasi penghargaan finansial pada minat karir mahasiswa menjadi konsultan pajak.

The rapid development of information technology has opened up opportunities for new threats to national security, one of which is information system hacking. Cyberattacks not only cause economic losses and disrupt public services but also pose a serious threat to Indonesia's digital sovereignty. In this context, state intelligence plays a strategic role as the vanguard in detecting, analyzing, and countering various threats to the country's strategic information systems. However, strengthening the state intelligence function in countering hacking crimes still faces various obstacles, ranging from immature regulations, weak inter-agency coordination, to limited technology and human resources. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of strengthening state intelligence in countering information system hacking and to formulate the urgency of updating national legal policy to support the formation of a strong, integrated, and professional cyber intelligence system. Using normative legal research methods supported by conceptual and case-based approaches, this study concludes that strengthening state intelligence requires regulatory updates, institutional integration, and investment in technology and human resources to safeguard national sovereignty in the digital era.

Taxes are a major source of government revenue used to support national development. To improve taxpayer compliance, the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has implemented the e-Filing system for electronic Annual Tax Return (SPT) submissions. This study aims to analyze the effect of e-Filing implementation on individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratama Bandung Cicadas. The research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data collected from 2020 to 2024. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the assistance of E-Views software. The results indicate that e-Filing usage and taxpayer compliance have a significant impact on the increase in Annual SPT submissions. This indicates that the application of digital technology such as e-Filing contributes positively to improving tax administration efficiency and achieving national revenue targets.

The development of the increasingly advanced times brings serious challenges to the formation of the character of the younger generation, especially at the elementary school levels. The phenomenon of declining religious values, discipline, and responsibility for students is a crucial issue that needs to be addressed immediately. This study aims to analyze the collaboration model between parents and schools in supporting tahfidz programs and their contribution to the formation of religious character, discipline, and student responsibility. The research method uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by examining various relevant previous research results, as well as a qualitative descriptive approach to understand the dynamics of the collaboration. The results of the study show that strong collaboration between parents and schools in the tahfidz program has a significant impact on the formation of students' character. Effective forms of collaboration include intensive communication, active participation in the tahfidz process, and moral and material support at home. Children who receive optimal assistance from their parents tend to show stronger religious character, discipline in managing time, and a higher sense of responsibility for memorization. On the contrary, limited parental time, lack of understanding of memorization methods, and differences in commitment are the main inhibiting factors in the success of the program. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that synergy between parents and schools is the main key to the success of the tahfidz program to build a generation of character. Recommendations for schools are to strengthen the communication system with parents, provide training in memorization techniques for families, and create a conducive learning environment both at school and at home. Further research is recommended to involve field studies to get a more comprehensive picture of the implementation of this collaboration.

This research aims to analyze the considerations of the Judge inimposing a prison sentence of 9 (nine) months on the Defendant who, due to their negligence in driving a motor vehicle, caused the death of another person, which has corresponded with the actions of the defendant and the facts presented in the trial. The type of research that the author uses is Normative Juridical research (library research), which is research that studies document analysis using various secondary data such as legislation, court decisions, legal theories, and can include the opinions of scholars. This research shows that (1) The judge in imposing a prison sentence of 9 (nine) months on the defendant did not consider the actions of the defendant sufficiently, so the application of the prison sentence of 9 (nine) months was not appropriate considering the actions of the defendant, which were that the defendant saw the victim from a distance of 50 (fifty) meters, but the defendant did not attempt to stop his vehicle, merely trying to change lanes, and the victim also moved to the same lane, making the accident unavoidable. (2) The judge's decision to impose a prison sentence of 9 (nine) months on the defendant was in accordance with the facts presented during the trial which included the Defendant's Testimony, the Indictment by the Public Prosecutor, and the Demands of the Public Prosecutor.

Komunitas adalah sekelompok orang yang memiliki kesamaan karakteristik. Kesamaan karakteristik tersebut ditentukan dari lokasi, ras, etnis, usia, pekerjaan, kesamaan minat dalam menyelesaikan masalah tertentu, hasil, atau ikatan umum lainnya. Untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat dapat dimulai dari individu, kelompok sampai tingkat RT dan RW Di wilayah Kp Pengasinan RW 03 Kelurahan Periuk Jaya Kecamatan Periuk Kota Tangerang terdiri dari 4 RT dengan jumlah 644 Kepala Keluarga. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasi melalui metode wawancara terpimpin, pengumpulan angket, serta observasi terhadap masyarakat di Kp. Pengasinan RW.03 Kel. Periuk Jaya Kec. Periuk. Jumlah kuesioner yang disebarkan berjumlah 100 kuesioner. Hasil pengkajian di Kp. Pengasinan RW.03 terdapat 644 KK dengan diambil sampel untuk data sebanyak 100 KK. Dari hasil data kuesioner yang dibagikan ke 100 KK secara random ke RT.01, RT 02, RT03, RT 04 yang ada di wilayah RW.03 terdapat 3 penyakit teratas yaitu Hipertensi (49%), Maag (Gastritis) (12%) dan Asam Urat (11%). Telah dilakukan implementasi sesuai dengan rancangan intervensi keperawatan dimana implementasi yang dilakukan adalah memberikan pendidikan kesehatan mengenai Hipertensi, demontrasi senam Hipertensi, demonstrasi pemberian jus buah semangka, pendidikan kesehatan mengenai Gout Athritis, demonstrasi kompres air jahe, pendidikan kesehatan tentang gastritis, demonstrasi perasan kunyit tawar

This study is motivated by the importance of prayer and fasting practices in the Christian tradition, which are increasingly marginalized in the midst of modern secularism and individualism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of prayer and fasting based on the principles in the Book of Esther and to examine its implications for the formation of contemporary Christian spirituality. This research employs a literature review method by examining biblical texts and contemporary theological literature to identify the characteristics of prayer and fasting that are pleasing to God. The results of the study indicate that the practice of prayer and fasting in the Book of Esther is not merely ritualistic, but an expression of faith, self-denial, and communal solidarity that leads to personal transformation and strengthened social sensitivity. The implication of this study is that the principles of prayer and fasting in the Book of Esther can serve as a model for the spiritual formation of the modern church, fostering intimacy with God and a commitment to addressing surrounding social issues. These findings contribute to the development of practical theology and contemporary Christian spirituality studies.

Di era modern, eksistensi minuman tradisional mulai tergeser oleh minuman modern, termasuk wedang uwuh yang merupakan minuman khas Yogyakarta. Salah satu upaya pelestarian wedang uwuh adalah melalui inovasi dan difersifikasi produk, seperti pengembangan produk coklat bar dengan rasa wedang uwuh. Cokelat dipilih karena memiliki daya tarik tinggi di berbagai segmen pasar serta nilai komersial dan khasiat yang baik untuk kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis cokelat yang paling sesuai sebagai bahan dasar utama dalam pengembangan produk coklat bar wedang uwuh dengan membandingkan cokelat hitam dan cokelat putih berdasarkan atribut visual, khasiat, dan nilai komersial. Metode yang digunakan adalah Focus Grup Discussion (FGD) bersama perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang produksi wedang uwuh, dengan melibatkan 9 orang peserta. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahan dasar untuk produk cokelat bar wedang uwuh, cokelat hitam lebih unggul baik dari aspek visual, kandungan, dan nilai komersilnya. Secara visual, uji organoleptik seperti warna, bau, rasa masih lebih unggul cokelat hitam. Cokelat hitam kaya akan flavonoid, polifenol, teobromin, asam askorbat, zat besi, magnesium, dan serat sehingga lebih memberikan khasiat yang lebih baik untuk tubuh. Margin harga cokelat hitam lebih tinggi tetapi tidak signifikan bedanya dengan cokelat putih, sehingga penggunaan cokelat hitam sebagai bahan dasar produk cokelat bar wedang uwuh sangat direkomendasikan.  

Lagu tidak hanya sebagai media hiburan tetapi juga sebagai sarana komunikasi yang mencerminkan emosi tekstual dan makna yang mendalam. Dalam konteks film, lagu digunakan sebagai original soundtrack (OST), memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan narasi dan mediasi emosional dari keadaan internal karakter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis makna konseptual dan makna asosiatif dalam lirik lagu “Selalu Ada di Nadimu”, film animasi Jumbo. Lagu ini dipilih karena sangat puitis dan simbolis, dan diintegrasikan ke dalam tema film yang indah tentang cinta orang tua dan kekuatan batin. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif menggunakan teknik pembelajaran dokumen dan pendekatan dari aspek semantik berdasarkan pemahaman makna literal dan makna yang muncul dari pengalaman emosional dan budaya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pentingnya 51 data penting konseptual, 14 asosiatif dan 5 lainnya yang memiliki makna keduanya, yang mencerminkan kedalaman pesan dan ikatan emosional. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa lirik lagu, khususnya dalam fungsi OST, memiliki potensi besar sebagai objek penelitian linguistik yang kompleks dan bermakna. Lagu dapat mencerminkan pengalaman internal manusia dan interpretasi media yang layak untuk analisis akademik.

Sumber data utama penelitian ini adalah data primer dengan proses pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan dan dokumen. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode analisis hukum, yaitu suatu analisis yang menggunakan teori, prinsip, kaidah hukum untuk menemukan sebuah petunjuk. Perlindungan hukum bagi ahli waris terhadap harta warisan yang dikuasai oleh salah ahli waris. Pasal 832 dan pasal 833 Kitab Undang- undang Hukum Perdata yang menyatakan para ahli waris dengan sendirinya mendapatkan hak milik atas semua barang dari orang yang meninggal, sehingga ahli waris yang mempunyai hak yang ada pada harta warisan. Namun harta waris tersebut dikuasai oleh salah satu pihak jadi harus mendapatkan perlindungan hukum secara preventif terhadap objek warisan yang kuasai tanpa sepengetahuannya dan mengakibatkan kerugian untuk ahli waris yang lain. Bahwa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Nomor: 10/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Skt. Dalam menyelesaikan perkara sengketa harta waris ini telah sepadan dengan peraturan hukum dan perundang-undangan hukum perdata yang berlaku dan hakim memutus suatu perkara berdasarkan pada bukti- bukti selama persidangan. Akibat hukum yang timbul pada Putusan Nomor:10/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Skt merupakan persengketaan secara melawan hak merupakan tindakan melawan hukum yang menyebabkan kerugian kepada Para Penggugat, oleh sebab itu telah benar bahwa hakim menjatuhkan hukuman kepada Tergugat guna membayar biaya perkara untuk seluruhnya dan menyerahkan obyek sengketa beserta sertifikat hak milik untuk kemudian dibagi menurut perundang-undangan yaitu diantara Para Penggugat dan Tergugat mendapatkan separuh bagian dari pada total keseluruhan warisan atau obJek persengketaan.

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of low assessments of other people towards children with special needs (ABK), because children with special needs (ABK) have differences from children in general.And requires special handling according to developmental disorders and differences that are possessed, cognitive, speech, vision, hearing, social and emotional. Parents must have the ability to handle their child's life processes more optimally. The goal of the endeavor itself is an effort or effort in order to achieve everything that is desired or desired in life,With the attitude of parents' efforts towards the behavior of children with special needs, this can be the best way for children to be well accepted in their surroundings. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires.

This study aims to analyse the correlations between parental support, motivation, and self-confidence. The research design used was quantitative research, and the method used was a survey with a Likert scale. The population was all athletes at the Flam Aquatic Kediri swimming club. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling, and this research used 37 athletes as the sample. The instrument was analysed by Pearson's product-moment and Bivariate correlation analysis test. The result shows that F count = 8.621 < F table = 3.28, a significant value of 0.001 < a significant level of 0.05, and the R-squared value was 0.336 which means that there is a significant correlation between the variables of parental support, motivation, and self-confidence of athletes at the Flam Aquatic Kediri swimming club. It correlates with 33.6%. It can be concluded that this research hypothesis, "There is a correlation between parental support, motivation, and self-confidence of athletes at Flam Aquatic Kediri swimming club”, is accepted. The higher the level of parental support and motivation given to the athletes, the higher their confidence in swimming will be.

This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to examine the impact of social media on the honesty of teenagers toward their parents in Stabat Lama Barat Village. The aim of this research is to describe the extent to which the use of social media influences teenagers’ honest behavior in communication and interaction with their parents. In an increasingly advanced digital era, social media is not only a source of entertainment but also has a significant influence on character development and moral values, including honesty. The results show that some teenagers tend to hide their social media activities from their parents, either due to privacy concerns, fear of being scolded, or the desire to create a certain image online. This behavior leads to reduced openness and honesty in their daily lives. However, there are also teenagers who are able to use social media wisely while upholding honesty within the family. Factors such as moral education at home, parenting styles, and social environment play an important role in shaping honest attitudes among teenagers despite the rapid growth of digitalization.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan proses dan hasil pengembangan LKPD berbasis Problem Solving pada materi Statistika yang valid serta mengetahui respon peserta didik terhadap kepraktisan LKPD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang terdiri dari 5 tahap yaitu Analisis (Analyze), Rancangan (Design), Pengembangan (Development), Implementasi (Implementation) dan Evaluasi (Evaluation). Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Bina Tama Palembang sebanyak 20 orang. Data Penelitian terdiri dari data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh dari tahap validasi produk berupa saran, kritikan, masukan dan tanggapan dari tim ahli materi dan desain, yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki LKPD. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari penilaian validator, pendidik dan peserta didik sebagai responden. Data kuantitatif ini didasarkan pada angket respon yang diberikan pada tahap uji perorangan dan uji coba kelompok kecil. Teknik Pengumpulan Data menggunakan instrumen data berupa angket dan tes. Teknik Analisis Data digunakan untuk mengolah data menjadi sebuah informasi, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk aspek yang dipenuhi dalam LKPD baik dari segi kevalidan dan kepraktisan. Berdasarkan hasil uji kevalidan oleh ahli instrumen, ahli materi dan ahli desain, uji kepraktisan oleh peserta didik, maka LKPD berbasis Problem Solving tergolong sangat baik, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis Problem Solving valid dan praktis.

Kepemilikan tanah oleh orang asing di Indonesia melalui metode peminjaman nama atau kontrak nominee merupakan bentuk penyalahgunaan hukum yang bertentangan dengan peraturan agraria nasional. Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) secara jelas melarang kepemilikan tanah oleh orang asing, tetapi kekurangan peraturan khusus mengenai kontrak nominee menciptakan celah hukum yang dapat dieksploitasi untuk menghindari ketentuan. Penulisan ini menerapkan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan untuk mengevaluasi praktik penyalahgunaan hukum ini dalam kerangka hukum agraria dan hukum perdata internasional. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik kontrak nominee tidak hanya bertentangan dengan prinsip nasionalitas dan kaidah yang ada dalam hukum perdata internasional, tetapi juga bisa membahayakan stabilitas hukum serta kedaulatan negara. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini mencakup perlunya pembaruan regulasi yang lebih spesifik terkait perjanjian nominee, serta peningkatan kerja sama internasional untuk mencegah praktik serupa di masa depan.

This study aims to analyze the price elasticity of demand and supply of local lemon oranges in Indonesia, a key horticultural commodity. The data used are historical records of prices and demand in Sleman Regency (2003–2006), as well as consumption and supply in Medan City (2010–2011). The research adopts a quantitative approach using price elasticity analysis with the midpoint formula. The results show that demand is inelastic (Ed < 1), meaning that price changes do not significantly affect lemon demand. On the other hand, supply is elastic (Es > 1), indicating a strong producer response to price changes. These findings are essential for price-setting strategies, production increase planning, and managerial decision-making in maintaining the stability of local lemon supply and prices in the domestic market.