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The phenomenon of online loans has emerged as a financial innovation that transforms the pattern of access to funds within urban communities. The convenience of obtaining loans without complex requirements has contributed to the rise of a consumerist lifestyle, especially among the younger generation. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the use of online loans and the dynamics of consumerist lifestyles in urban society. By employing a literature review and descriptive-qualitative analysis methods, the research reveals that low financial literacy, social pressure, and the influence of social media intensify the tendency toward instant loan-based consumerist behavior. Psychological factors such as FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) and the philosophy of YOLO (You Only Live Once) further reinforce this consumerist behavioral pattern. The results of the study show that the phenomenon of online loans not only impacts financial issues but also causes psychological stress and shapes compulsive consumption patterns.  

This study aims to analyze the relationship between leadership style and the performance of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in the Waropen Regency Regional Secretariat. Specifically, this study focuses on determining: (1) the strength of the relationship between leadership style and ASN performance, and (2) the level of significance of the relationship between leadership style and ASN performance in the Waropen Regency Regional Secretariat. This study uses an associative or causal research approach to identify the relationship and influence between variables. The study population consists of all ASN in the Waropen Regency Regional Secretariat, totaling 180 people. Sample selection was carried out using the probability sampling method using the cluster sampling technique. Samples were taken from several job groups, namely Regional Secretary Officials, Expert Staff Officials and Assistant Regional Secretaries, sections and subsections, and staff who do not have structural positions. The number of respondents who participated in this study was 60 people. Data collection was carried out through distributing questionnaires and collecting supporting documents. The data used included primary data obtained directly from respondents, as well as secondary data from archives and official documents of related agencies. Data analysis was carried out using correlation analysis techniques to measure the strength of the relationship and significance tests between variables. The results of the study indicate a positive relationship between leadership style and ASN performance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.382, indicating a moderate relationship. Furthermore, a significant positive effect was found with a significance level of 0.003 (<0.05), thus concluding that leadership style significantly contributes to improving ASN performance within the Waropen Regency Regional Secretariat. The implication of this study is the need to strengthen leadership capacity at various levels of office, in order to create a conducive work climate, motivate employees, and encourage optimal performance. These results can be used as a reference for local governments in designing more effective leadership training and development programs.

This study aims to examine the application of situational leadership theory by the principal of SMP Negeri 2 Sampanahan, Kotabaru Regency, and its impact on organizational behavior within the school environment. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed, involving in-depth interviews with the principal, teachers, and students. The main focus of the research is to understand how the principal adapts leadership styles according to the needs and conditions of the individuals being led. The findings reveal that the principal successfully applied various leadership styles—ranging from directive, supportive, participative, to delegative—flexibly based on the specific situations encountered. This adaptability positively influenced the organizational climate, fostered harmonious working relationships, and enhanced the motivation and active participation of both teachers and students. The school environment became more conducive and collaborative, ultimately leading to overall performance improvement. These findings highlight the importance of adaptive leadership in education to support the achievement of organizational goals and the development of human resources within schools. This study contributes to the development of leadership practices in educational settings, particularly in the context of educational management that is responsive to both internal and external institutional dynamics.

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of organizational culture and leadership style on the performance of employees of the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Binjai City. This study was conducted on employees of the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Binjai City with a population and sample of 60 employees. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a Likert scale model. The requirements test was carried out to test normality. The data analysis technique used was the Multiple Regression technique at a significance level of a = 0.05. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture (X1) has a partial and significant effect on performance at the Bappeda of Binjai City, where the calculated t is greater than the t table (1.742 ˃ 1.67203) with a significant value of 0.007. Meanwhile, leadership style (X2) has a partial and significant effect on the performance of Bappeda Kota Binjai employees with a calculated t value greater than the t table (5.166 ˃ 1.67203) with a significant value of 0.000. Based on the SPSS output, it is known that the value of R squared is 0.421, meaning that the variance of employee performance variables can be explained by organizational culture and leadership style variables by 42.1 percent, while the remaining 57.9 percent is explained by other variables not included in this model, in other words there are still other independent variables that affect performance.

This study aims to determine (1) The influence of principal leadership on the performance of elementary school teachers. (2) The influence of work discipline on the performance of elementary school teachers. (3) The influence of principal leadership and work discipline on the performance of elementary school teachers. This study is a quantitative study with data collection techniques using questionnaires. The hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression analysis. The population in this study was 158 teachers in Cluster III in Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. The techniques used in data collection used questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques and prerequisite tests consisting of normality tests, linearity tests, multicollinearity tests, and heteroscedasticity tests. For hypothesis testing using simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression, R test, t test, and F test. The results of the study indicate that (1) There is a significant positive influence of principal leadership on teacher performance in Cluster III in Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, this can be seen from the results of the t test obtained t count of 0.414 with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05 (2) There is a significant positive influence of teacher discipline on teacher performance in Cluster III in Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, this can be seen from the results of the t test obtained t count of 0.268 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. (3) There is a simultaneous/joint influence between principal leadership and teacher discipline on teacher performance in Cluster III in Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, this can be seen from the results of the simultaneous test obtained 0.005 <0.05. This means that there is a significant influence simultaneously or together between the independent variables on the dependent variable.

This study aims to analyze the leadership style of female village heads in Watumanu Village in carrying out their duties and responsibilities in organizing village government. The main focus of this study is on aspects of leadership style that highlight four leadership indicators including decision making, motivation, communication, and supervision. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that the head of Watumanu Village uses a feminine-masculine leadership style and a transactional-transactional leadership style flexibly according to the situation. This was obtained by analyzing four aspects of leadership style including decision making, motivation, communication, and supervision. In the aspects of decision making and communication, the head of Watumanu Village uses a balanced leadership style between feminine and masculine characters. While in the aspect of motivation, the village head uses a feminine-transformational leadership style. The feminine-transactional leadership style is applied by the head of Watumanu Village in the aspect of supervision to improve the performance of village officials.

This study is motivated by the phenomenon that many micro and small business actors are trapped in easy online loans but pay high interest. In addition, in the business they own, product pricing is oriented towards general conditions so that labor costs are rarely taken into account. As a result, they often make mistakes in measuring business productivity which ultimately leads to business decline. The problems that are often faced are more in financial management due to low financial literacy, lack of experience in finance and lifestyle. This study aims to test and analyze the influence of financial literacy, financial experience and lifestyle on the financial management behavior of MSE’s actors. Data were obtained from questionnaires to 100 respondents which were processed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study stated that financial literacy, financial experience have a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior while lifestyle does not have a significant effect on financial management behavior.

This study analyzes changes in the consumer lifestyle of students due to globalization, especially on the TikTok application. The focus of this study is how the changes in consumer styles from the past to the modern era due to globalization in students. The method used in this study is a descriptive research method with data collection techniques using library research where researchers collect data by reading, studying, and analyzing journals, books, articles from previous researchers. The results of this study conclude that globalization, through advances in communication technology such as TikTok, has driven a significant transformation of consumer lifestyles, especially among students. TikTok not only functions as an entertainment medium, but also becomes a powerful marketing platform through affiliate marketing practices that combine attractive visual content with emotional strategies and sophisticated algorithms. This creates a culture of impulsive consumption triggered by social drives, digital self-image, and FOMO, and is reinforced by easy access, promos, and reviews from influencers.

This article discusses citizenship status in Islamic law, focusing on case studies of Muslim minorities in non-Islamic countries, while considering the dynamics of national law and human rights. The research highlights that in Islamic law, citizenship is often associated with membership in the ummah, although modern Muslim states have adopted contemporary citizenship systems. Developments in Indonesian citizenship policies in the last five years, particularly concerning migration and the rights of foreign nationals married to Indonesian citizens, are also analyzed. However, the implementation of these policies faces challenges due to inconsistencies between national law and Islamic principles related to religious identity. The perspective of Islamic law emphasizes the safeguarding essential rights and human worth, in addition to fairness in the treatment of all individuals. The integration of muslim communities residing in western nations poses challenges in distinguishing the majority from extremist minorities. Additionally, equality, the liberty to make individual choices, and partnership are seen as key elements in shaping the societal lives of muslims across western regions. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between national laws and Islamic principles is needed to guarantee the safeguarding of the rights of muslim minorities worldwide.

Al-Ghazali's economic thought emphasizes balance in consumption and the importance of avoiding wastefulness and excess. However, in this digital era impulsive buying is increasingly prevalent, including among Muslims. This research is motivated by the behavior of Muslim consumers who tend to be more concerned with satisfaction than needs. The method used is qualitative research with a case study approach, to analyze the application of Al-Ghazali's economic thought in consumption theory. This research method is designed to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the application of Al-Ghazali's economic thought in the concept of consumption, especially the phenomenon of impulsive buying among Muslims in the digital era. The results show that the phenomenon of impulsive buying is increasingly widespread, triggered by easy access to information and products through digital platforms, as well as the influence of social media. This is often contrary to the principles of consumption taught by Al-Ghazali, who emphasized the importance of simplicity and moderation. This study recommends the need for awareness and education on consumption ethics in Islam to help avoid excessive consumption behavior and prioritize spiritual values in every act of consumption.

This study aims to examine theoretically and empirically the role of transformational leadership style on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN), especially in the context of bureaucratic reform. Using a literature review approach, the discussion is focused on understanding the concept of transformational leadership, the performance dimensions of ASN, the theoretical relationship between the two, and its implications in efforts to improve the quality of public services and governance. The results of the study show that transformational leadership contributes positively to improving the performance of ASN through motivation, empowerment, and the creation of a shared vision. This leadership style also presents its own challenges in a hierarchical bureaucracy, but still offers effective strategies for building a transformative and professional organizational culture. This research provides a conceptual basis for efforts to strengthen leadership in the public sector as part of the ongoing bureaucratic reform agenda.

Restaurant menu translation plays a vital role in attracting international tourists and expanding the culinary market of a region. This study aims to analyze restaurant menu translation strategies using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis of translated menus. The findings indicate that description, adaptation, and amplification are the most commonly used strategies to improve the readability and appeal of menus in the target language. These strategies help bridge linguistic and cultural differences, making it easier for tourists to understand the content of the menu. However, translation errors were still found and may lead to misunderstandings and decrease the attractiveness of certain dishes.In addition to qualitative analysis, a survey was conducted involving 50 foreign tourists in tourist areas to gain insight into their perceptions of menu translations. The survey results revealed that 80% of respondents found the menu translations clear, although 20% still encountered confusion with some terms. Moreover, 75% stated that appealing menu descriptions increased their interest in trying local dishes. Regarding language preferences, 60% of respondents preferred menus that included original dish names with English descriptions, while 40% favored full English translations. Some tourists also suggested including more detailed information, such as spiciness levels and main ingredients.Overall, effective menu translation not only enhances the culinary experience of tourists but also strengthens a restaurant's competitiveness and supports the promotion of local cuisine in the global market.

This study aims to determine the effect of financial literacy and lifestyle on digital payments with the use of financial technology as an intervening variable for Jambi University digital business students Class of 2021 - 2024. This study uses a quantitative approach with a random sampling method. The population in this study, namely Jambi University digital business students in the 2021-2024 batch of 174 students and the sample of this study amounted to 64 students. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data analysis method in this study used Patrial Least Square and was processed using smartPLS 4.0 software. The results of this study found that: 1) Financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on digital payments. 2) Lifestyle has a positive and insignificant effect on digital payments. 3) Financial Literacy has a positive and significant effect on the use of financial technology. 4) Lifestyle has a positive and significant effect on the use of financial technology. 5) the use of financial technology has a positive effect on digital payments. 6) Financial Literacy has a positive and significant effect on digital payments with the use of financial technology as an intervening variable. 7) Lifestyle has a positive and insignificant effect on digital payments with the use of financial technology as an intervening variable.

This study aims to examine the influence of cross-cultural leadership style and reward provision on employee job satisfaction, with workload serving as an intervening variable. The research was conducted at PT X, a multinational company managed by foreign leaders who come from diverse cultural backgrounds. As organizations become increasingly global, understanding how leadership and reward systems function in multicultural environments is essential to improving workforce performance and satisfaction. This research applies a quantitative approach using survey methods, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 105 employees across various departments. The analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore both direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The findings show that cross-cultural leadership style has a significant positive impact on workload, suggesting that cultural differences in leadership influence how employees perceive and handle their tasks. Furthermore, reward provision shows a strong and direct influence on job satisfaction, highlighting the importance of fair compensation and recognition in motivating employees.Importantly, the study also finds that workload partially mediates the relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction. This indicates that leadership practices affect job satisfaction not only directly but also through the perceived amount and nature of the work assigned. These results underscore the necessity for companies, particularly those with a multicultural workforce, to adopt inclusive leadership models and implement transparent, performance-based reward systems. By doing so, organizations can create a more supportive work environment, improve employee morale, and ultimately enhance overall productivity and satisfaction.

This study aims to examine the importance of using cultural language as a communication style for students in the digital era at MTsN 1 Kota Serang. The rapid development of digital technology affects the way they communicate, including among students. The use of language that is not in accordance with cultural rules is often found in online interactions, which has the potential to damage cultural values and social norms. Therefore, it is important to instill an understanding of the importance of cultural language as part of students' identity and character. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview and observation methods to explore the views of students, teachers, and parents regarding the application of cultural language in digital communication. The results of the study show that although students are accustomed to using digital technology, they still need to be given a deeper understanding of the use of language that is in accordance with local culture and applicable norms. It is hoped that the results of this study can be the basis for designing a cultural language education program in the curriculum, as well as increasing students' awareness of the importance of communicating politely and ethically in the digital world. This study also provides recommendations for schools in facilitating cultural language learning as part of student character formation.

The interest in choosing a career as a public accountant is driven by an understanding of job opportunities, good income prospects, professional recognition, and the alignment between individual abilities and the demands of the accounting profession. This study aims to analyze the factors of labor market considerations, soft skills, financial rewards, and social values on students' interest in working as public accountants. This research was conducted at five nationally ranked universities in Bali in 2024, based on uniRank, with a sample of 315 respondents determined using purposive sampling. This study proves that the theory of planned behavior can be a consideration in career choice determination and that expectancy theory can explain that students consider the outcomes they will receive in that career. Additionally, this research can positively contribute to universities in Bali by identifying the factors influencing students' interest in work, thereby improving the education system to be more focused on the choices or interests of each accounting student. The analysis results show that labor market considerations, soft skills, financial rewards, and social values have a significant positive impact on students' interest in becoming public accountants.  

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of leadership styles (X) consisting of directive leadership styles (X1), supportive leadership (X2), participative leadership (X3), and achievement-oriented leadership (X4) on employee performance (Y) at the Paser Regency Education and Culture Office. The results of multiple linear regression analysis obtained a regression equation, namely: Y = 2.048 + 0.583x1 + 0.294X2 + 0.361X3 + 0.045X4. The correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.755 means that the directive leadership style (X1), supportive leadership (X2), participative leadership (X3), achievement-oriented leadership (X4) shows a strong relationship with the Employee Performance variable (Y). The coefficient value (Adjusted R²) of 0.502 means that the variables of directive leadership style (X1), supportive leadership (X2), participative leadership (X3), achievement-oriented leadership (X4) contribute to employee performance (Y) at the Department of Education and Culture by 50.2%, while the remainder is contributed by other factors not studied by (100-50.2)% = 48.2%. The simultaneous results (F test) show that the F count value > F table (8.297 > 2.76) so it can be concluded that the variables of directive Leadership style (X1), Supportive Leadership (X2), Participative Leadership (X3), Achievement-oriented Leadership (X4) have an effect on Employee Performance (Y) at the Paser Regency Education and Culture Office. Furthermore, the results of the partial test (t test) show that the t count value of Variable (X) that has a significant effect is the directive Leadership style (X1) because t count > t table (3.756 > 2.05954). So that Directive Leadership (X1) has a dominant effect on Employee Performance (Y) at the Paser Regency Education and Culture Office.  

This study examines the influence of leadership style, organizational culture, and work environment on employee work discipline at the Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection Agency of Sukoharjo Regency. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing primary data collected through questionnaires. The study's population consists of 37 employees, and due to the limited number of respondents (less than 100), a saturated sampling technique was applied, ensuring the inclusion of all members in the study.The research utilizes multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination (R²) as statistical analysis techniques. The t-test results reveal that leadership style (X1) does not have a significant effect on employee work discipline, whereas organizational culture (X2) and work environment (X3) have a significant positive influence. The F-test results confirm that the regression model used in this study is appropriate for explaining the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Additionally, the R² test results indicate the proportion of variance in employee work discipline that can be explained by the independent variables.The findings suggest that fostering a strong organizational culture and improving the work environment can enhance employee work discipline. Meanwhile, leadership style alone does not significantly impact discipline levels. The study recommends that organizations prioritize developing a supportive work culture and conducive work environment while reassessing leadership strategies to align with employee needs. These insights provide valuable implications for policymakers and organizational leaders aiming to improve workforce discipline and productivity.

This study examines the relationship between attachment styles and parasocial interaction among K-pop fans, where fans may develop an emotional bond with their idols despite the lack of real reciprocity. Attachment styles influence the level of attachment, with individuals with an anxious attachment style tending to be more emotionally involved and dependent on their idols, while those with an avoidant attachment style maintain more emotional distance. The role of social media in reinforcing the illusion of closeness is also a key focus of this study. The research aims to identify the relationship between attachment styles and parasocial interaction using a quantitative method with a correlation analysis approach. The findings indicate that fans with an anxious attachment style tend to have a more intense emotional bond, actively participate in fandom activities, and are more prone to anxiety when they lack updates about their idols. In contrast, those with an avoidant attachment style still consume idol-related content but with lower emotional involvement. The theoretical implication of this study supports the theories of attachment styles and parasocial interaction, explaining how emotional relationships form between fans and idols. Practically, this study can be used to develop digital literacy programs for K-pop fans to help them manage parasocial relationships in a healthier way, especially for individuals who are more vulnerable to excessive emotional attachment.

This study aims to test the application of teaching styles in improving the basic underhand serve in volleyball. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The sample used in this study consists of eighth-grade students from SMP Negeri 3 Tondano for the 2024/2025 academic year, totaling 20 samples, divided into two groups: the experimental group with a teaching style training consisting of 10 samples and the control group that did not receive treatment, also consisting of 10 samples. The research was conducted over one month with a frequency of three times a week. The research design used is a "Randomized control group pre-test and post-test design." The instrument used in this research is the "basic underhand serve movement test in volleyball." The data collection technique in this study is by conducting pre-tests and post-tests of the basic underhand serve movement in volleyball for both groups. The research hypothesis is "The application of teaching styles in training has an impact on the improvement of the basic movement of the underhand serve in volleyball for eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Tondano." The data analysis technique used is the t-test statistical analysis technique. Before the t-test is conducted, it is preceded by the analysis requirement tests, namely the data normality test and the variance homogeneity test. From the hypothesis testing calculations, thitung was obtained with a value of 6.45. Based on the t distribution table at 0.05 with degrees of freedom nl + n2-21010-218, the t-table value obtained is 2.101. So thitung is greater than ttabel, namely thitung = 6.45 and trabel = 2.101. Based on the testing criteria, if thitung is greater than ttabel (thitung table), then Ho is rejected, which means HA is accepted. The results of this study show that the average improvement in the mastery of the underhand serve basic movement in volleyball for the experimental group using the training teaching style is better than the average improvement in the mastery of the underhand serve basic movement in volleyball for the control group that did not receive the treatment. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of the application of the training teaching style on the improvement of basic underhand serve skills in volleyball among the eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Tondano