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Generation Alpha refers to children born after 2010, who are growing up in a rapidly evolving digital ecosystem. In the Indonesian context, the emergence of depressive disorders among this generation poses a critical mental health challenge that has not been thoroughly addressed. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Generation Alpha, identify the major risk factors, and evaluate current and potential preventive strategies through a narrative literature review approach. Data were collected from national and international journals using platforms such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Garuda, with inclusion criteria covering articles published between 2019 and 2024 and relevant to children’s mental health. Findings reveal a significant increase in depressive symptoms among children aged 5 to 13 years. Key risk factors include non-democratic parenting styles, academic stress, bullying in school environments, and excessive use of digital gadgets. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic and remote learning have exacerbated children’s mental health, particularly among those from low-income families or with limited access to psychological support. On the other hand, preventive strategies involving holistic approaches such as school-based mental health education, play therapy, digital mental health interventions, and Islamic spirituality-based approaches have demonstrated considerable potential in mitigating depressive symptoms. This review highlights the urgency of implementing multi-level and context-sensitive prevention strategies through collaboration between schools, families, and community-based institutions.

The rapid technological development in the Society 5.0 era has brought about a transformation in digital political participation in Indonesia as well as changes in student political participation patterns. Students, as a young intellectual group, have their own unique ways of using social media for political participation. The purpose of this research is to understand the role of social media in student political participation in the Society 5.0 era. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. In the data collection process, this research uses interview and documentation techniques involving 15 students who are engaged in intracampus organizations and students who actively use social media. To test data validity, this study uses a credibility test through source triangulation. The research findings show that Instagram and TikTok social media platforms are widely used for accessing political information. These social media platforms play an important role in shaping students' political awareness. In the Society 5.0 era, forms of student political participation through social media include engagement in online discussions, sharing political posts, and promoting hashtags related to political issues. The challenges of digital political participation include the prevalence of hoax news, buzzers, low literacy levels, and political polarization or conflicting viewpoints that become obstacles in utilizing social media as a space for student political participation.

Fracture is a condition in which the bone structure is severed or damaged due to external pressure on the bone. Fractures can be caused by direct impact, sudden twisting movements, or even by extreme muscle contractions. The WHO states that the prevalence rate of fractures increased from 2020 by approximately 13 million (2.7%). The Ministry of Health in 2023 stated that in Indonesia around 8 million people had fractures. To determine the results of the application of religious music therapy on pain in fracture patients in Flamboyant Ward 5 of Dr Moewardi Surakarta Hospital. The application uses a case study method with a research sample of 2 respondents, the research instrument uses NRS. The intervention group reduced pain from a scale of 6 to 4, and in the control group reduced pain from a scale of 5 to 4. From this study it can be concluded that religious music therapy is more effective to reduce pain.

Background: In 2021, there were 19.5 million diagnosed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia. In Riau Province, T2DM ranked fifth among the most common conditions treated at community health centers in 2022. Obesity, a major risk factor for T2DM, had a national adult prevalence of 21.8% (Riskesdas 2018) and 24.1% in Riau. At Puskesmas Karya Wanita, 483 new T2DM cases were recorded in 2024, with 434 patients having a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². The productive age group is particularly at risk for obesity and T2DM, yet screening remains suboptimal. Therefore, research on the relationship between obesity and T2DM at this primary healthcare facility is essential.Objective: To determine the association between obesity and the incidence of T2DM among individuals of productive age at Puskesmas Rawat Inap Karya Wanita, Pekanbaru.Methods: This was a quantitative analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample included productive age outpatients at the general clinic of Puskesmas Karya Wanita, selected using quota sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-square test), and Odds Ratio analyses.Results: A significant association was found between obesity and T2DM (p = 0.0029), with an Odds Ratio of 4.517.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between obesity and T2DM in the productive age group. Individuals with obesity are 4.517 times more likely to develop T2DM compared to those without obesity.

Jambi Province has the highest prevalence of tobacco smoking among individuals aged 15 years and above in Indonesia within the past month. In addition, Jambi also records the highest average number of cigarettes smoked per day by individuals in this age group, with an average of 18 cigarettes per day. This situation highlights the significant level of tobacco consumption in the province, which may affect adolescent smoking behavior, including among vocational school students. Objective: To analyze the factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi.  This study was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 114 students selected using random sampling techniques. The study was conducted at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi. The dependent variable was smoking behavior, while the independent variables included knowledge, parental influence, peer influence, and exposure to cigarette advertisements. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval. The proportion of students who smoked at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi in 2025 was 46.5%. There were significant associations between smoking behavior and knowledge (p-value = 0.008; PR: 1.730; 95% CI: 1.163–2.573), parental influence (p-value = 0.023; PR: 1.597; 95% CI: 1.081–2.357), and peer influence (p-value = 0.001; PR: 2.038; 95% CI: 1.346–3.086). However, no significant association was found between exposure to cigarette advertisements and smoking behavior (p-value = 0.127; PR: 1.366; 95% CI: 0.929–2.010).The factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi were knowledge, parental influence, and peer influence.

Malaria is one of the leading cause of illness and death worldwide. The prevalence of malaria cases in Indonesia in 2024 reached 543,965 positive cases and 34 deaths. Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites (protozoa) of the genus Plasmodium, which can be transmitted through the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria is classified as a re-emerging disease, which refers to diseases that resurface due to natural phenomena, including environmental factors such as climate, temperature, and rainfall. The most effective way to prevent and control malaria is by breaking the transmission chain. Additionally, simple preventive measures that everyone in the community can take include avoiding or reducing mosquito bites, avoiding outdoor activities at night, sleeping under a mosquito net, applying mosquito repellent, installing screens on windows, cleaning mosquito breeding sites, and clearing bushes or dense vegetation around the house. In addressing clinical issues, medications can be used to prevent and stop clinical attacks.

Obesity is a growing global health issue affecting both developed and developing countries. Despite various preventive efforts, the prevalence of obesity continues to rise. One of the emerging approaches in managing obesity and its complications is by modulating gut microbiota balance. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in energy metabolism, inflammation regulation, and insulin sensitivity. An imbalance in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, is frequently observed in obese individuals and has been associated with increased insulin resistance, a key feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to systematically review the relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and insulin resistance in obese patients, based on literature from 2016 to 2024. The literature search was conducted through accredited databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and others using the keywords “Gut Microbes,” “Insulin Resistance,” and “Obesity.” From 500 initial articles, 10 highly relevant journals were selected for further analysis. The review findings reveal a strong association between dysbiosis and increased insulin resistance through various mechanisms, including short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, activation of inflammatory pathways, and disruption of glucose metabolism. Several studies also suggest that interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation may improve insulin sensitivity. However, more longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to establish a strong causal relationship. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining gut microbiota balance as a potential strategy in managing obesity and insulin resistance.

Enterobius vermicularis, or pinworm, continues to be a public health concern, particularly among children in coastal and densely populated areas. Though it is classified as a non-Soil Transmitted Helminth (non-STH), its fecal-oral transmission route allows rapid spread, especially where hygiene practices are inconsistent. In Indonesian coastal communities such as Lasiana, Kupang, limited studies have focused on the intersection between environmental factors, personal hygiene, and parental knowledge in relation to enterobiasis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and morphological characteristics of Enterobius vermicularis in children aged 3–9 years living in the coastal area of Lasiana Beach, Kupang. A descriptive observational study was conducted involving 81 heads of households and 24 children as research participants. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to parents to assess sanitation conditions, hygiene practices, and knowledge levels. Perianal samples were obtained from the children using the clear tape (scotch tape) method and examined microscopically to identify E. vermicularis eggs. Findings revealed that 21% of the children tested positive for E. vermicularis. The eggs displayed typical morphological features—oval shape with one flattened side and a transparent double-layered shell. Despite most respondents reporting good hygiene behavior and environmental sanitation, cases of infection persisted. Limited access to handwashing facilities and dense housing conditions were identified as contributing risk factors. The presence of Enterobius vermicularis infections despite adequate sanitation and knowledge highlights a gap between awareness and effective daily practices. These findings underscore the need for strengthened community-based health education and consistent monitoring in high-risk coastal areas to prevent enterobiasis among children.

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems experienced by people in various age groups and work backgrounds. This complaint can be acute, subacute, or chronic, with various causes ranging from mechanical, degenerative, to psychosocial factors. This study aims to examine the characteristics of LBP through a literature review of several previous studies that focus on prevalence, risk factors, and their impact on patients' daily lives. The method used is a narrative literature review, with data sources coming from national and international journals, research reports, and academic repositories. The results of the study show that the prevalence of LBP is very high, with a significant percentage of occurrence in the elderly, pregnant women, administrative workers, and individuals with a sedentary lifestyle and non-ergonomic work posture. In addition to age, female gender, non-ideal body mass index, and long work duration, it was also found that psychosocial characteristics such as low social support and high work pressure play a role in triggering or worsening LBP. A study at Ibnu Sina Hospital Makassar showed that most LBP patients were elderly women with acute pain and radiological results showed lumbar spondylosis as the most common diagnosis. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of prevention through ergonomic education, work stress management, and early intervention based on a healthy lifestyle. These findings are expected to be the basis for designing promotive and preventive strategies for high-risk groups.

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional disorderl in toddlers that is permanent and irreparable (irreversible) if it occurs during the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). One significant risk factor is birth spacing that is too close, which affects the mother's nutritional status and the quality of fetal nutrient intake. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between birth spacing and the incidence of stunting among toddlers on Morotai Island. Methods: An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 30 respondents selected through accidental sampling in the Community Health Center (Puskesmas) area of Morotai. Data were collected through questionnaires, MCH (Maternal and Child Health) books, and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using Simple Logistic Regression test. Results: The majority of respondents had a birth spacing of 3-4 years (40%), but the prevalence of stunting remained quite high at 43.3%. The statistical test results showed a p-value = 0.005 (p < 0.05), proving a significant relationship between birth spacing and the incidence of stunting. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between pregnancy/birth spacing and the incidence of stunting among toddlers on Morotai Island.

This research study examines the dynamics of organizational communication and public communication in the recruitment process in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), with a particular focus on the tension between transparency efforts and the ongoing practice of entrusting positions. Despite the government's introduction of the Joint Recruitment of SOEs (RBB) program, which aims to digitize and standardize the selection of employees, a discrepancy emerges between the program's stated objectives and the perceptions of both the government and the public. The prevalence of complaints pertaining to the absence of information transparency, the lack of feedback mechanisms regarding unsuccessful outcomes, and the emergence of the term "insider" within the digital domain are indicative of deficiencies in two-way communication and a decline in public trust in the BUMN recruitment process. The present research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing a case study method and thematic analysis. The data presented herein were obtained through meticulous documentation studies of official documents from the FHCI, the Ministry of SOEs, and online media, as well as netnographic observations of public interactions on social media such as Instagram and Twitter. The analysis focused on public narratives, institutional communication patterns, and their impact on institutional reputation and legitimacy. The findings indicate that organizational communication within the RBB process remains hierarchical, failing to align with the ideal of reciprocal communication. The absence of information disclosure and the lack of a designated public forum for clarification engender significant discord between the assertions of institutional entities and the actual experiences of participants. This research recommends the implementation of measures to enhance the effectiveness of the aforementioned processes.

Preeclampsia is a complex illness that can cause health issues and even death for both the mother and the fetus. The three signs of preeclampsia include elevated blood pressure (up to 140/90 mmHg), proteinuria (high protein in the urine), and edema. Preeclampsia is linked to a number of characteristics, including as parity, age, education, occupation, history of hypertension, multiple pregnancies, history of diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease. The purpose of this study is to identify the variables linked to the prevalence of preeclampsia in Tidore Regional Hospital patients who are pregnant or giving birth. This study employs a case control methodology and a descriptive analytical approach. Up to 132 respondents, comprising 66 case groups and 66 control groups, were sampled by accidental sampling. Medical records of moms who had preeclampsia were used as secondary data. A p-value of 0.001 (Sig. <0.05) indicated a relationship between parity and the incidence of preeclampsia; a p-value of 0.001 (Sig. <0.05) indicated a relationship between employment and the incidence of preeclampsia; a p-value of 0.000 (Sig. <0.05) indicated a relationship between the incidence of preeclampsia and a history of diabetes mellitus and kidney disease. preeclampsia at Tidore Regional Hospital with a p-value of 0.042 (Sig. <0.05).

Worm disease is included in the neglected diseases group, which is a chronic infection that often does not show clear symptoms and the impact is only felt in the long term. Worms included in the Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) group can spread through the soil and include Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale), and Strongyloides stercoralis. This worm infection can cause malnutrition, impaired child growth, decreased cognitive abilities, iron deficiency anemia, and reduced learning performance. One indicator of worm infection is an increase in eosinophil levels, which are part of the body's immune system. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Ascaris lumbricoides infection and the number of eosinophils in stunted children in Noelbaki Village, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This study used an analytical observational design with a case-control study approach, involving stunted children as subjects. The results showed the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs of 51.3%, and an increase in abnormal eosinophils of 87.5% in cases of infection. Statistical tests revealed a significant relationship between A. lumbricoides infection and eosinophil count (p = 0.000). However, this study did not consider the possibility of allergy as a factor in increasing eosinophils.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Fear of Missing Out (FoMo) and flash sales on impulsive buying behavior among Shopee users, specifically focusing on students at Universitas Jambi. The rapid development of digital technology and the rise of e-commerce have increased the prevalence of impulsive buying, particularly among younger generations who are highly influenced by social media and online promotions. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 100 active students of Universitas Jambi who are Shopee users and have made purchases during flash sale events. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to examine the effect of FoMo and flash sales on impulsive buying behavior. The results indicate that both FoMo and flash sales have a positive and significant influence on impulsive buying, both partially and simultaneously. These findings suggest that marketing strategies based on urgency and the fear of missing out are effective in triggering impulsive consumer behavior among students. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more ethical marketing strategies and raise consumer awareness in managing shopping behavior.

Preeclampsia is a condition of hypertension occurring after 20 weeks of gestation, accompanied by organ dysfunction and proteinuria. Preeclampsia is classified into Early Onset Preeclampsia (EOPE), which occurs before 34 weeks of gestation, and Late Onset Preeclampsia (LOPE), which occurs after 34 weeks of gestation. EOPE carries a higher risk of maternal and fetal complications compared to LOPE. This research aims to analyze the complications in mothers and fetuses with EOPE and LOPE that were terminated at RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi between 2020 and 2022. This descriptive research was conducted in the Medical Records Department of RSUD Raden Mattaher, Jambi, involving 82 patients who experienced both maternal and fetal complications with EOPE and LOPE that were terminated. Sampling was carried out using the total sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of this research showed that the prevalence of EOPE was 69.5%, while LOPE accounted for 30.5%. Maternal complications were more commonly found in EOPE cases, including eclampsia (42.1%), HELLP syndrome (36%), premature rupture of membranes (14%), placental abruption (14%), and maternal mortality (5.3%). Fetal complications in EOPE included Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) (10.5%), prematurity (26.3%), low birth weight (29.8%), Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) (10.5%), and Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD) (1.8%). The perinatal mortality rate in EOPE was 7%, with asphyxia recorded in 12.3% of cases. EOPE is more frequently encountered than LOPE and is associated with more severe maternal and fetal complications. Early detection and management of EOPE are crucial to reducing complications and improving pregnancy outcomes.

Cervical cancer is a significant public health problem globally, including in Indonesia. This disease ranks fourth as the most common cancer in women in the world, with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths in 2020. Analyzing the current condition of cervical cancer in Indonesia including prevalence, risk factors, impacts, prevention efforts, and treatment based on data to provide a comprehensive picture of the situation of cervical cancer in Indonesia. Cervical cancer is defined as a malignant tumor in the cervix that attacks the epithelial layer and has the potential to spread. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. In addition, several supporting risk factors include risky sexual behavior, long-term use of oral contraceptives, smoking habits, nutritional deficiencies (especially vitamins C, E, and folic acid), and poor personal hygiene. The Indonesian government has attempted to identify the disease early through the Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (IVA) method used for early detection of cervical cancer in women aged 30 to 50 years. However, community participation in this program still needs to be improved sustainably. Treatment for cervical cancer can include surgery (eg cryosurgery, LEEP, hysterectomy), radiation, and chemotherapy. Cervical cancer remains a major health challenge in Indonesia. Improved education programs, participation in early detection of IVA, and strengthening of the health system as a whole are needed to effectively reduce morbidity and mortality caused by this disease.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) encompassing conditions affecting muscles, bones, joints, ligaments, nerves, and tendons , are a prevalent occupational health issue, particularly in roles involving physical tasks like lifting, pushing, pulling, or carrying loads. This study aims to synthesize current scientific findings on the prevalence, contributing risk factors, and effective prevention strategies for MSDs in manual handling contexts. A systematic literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, focusing on peer-reviewed journal articles published between January 2020 and June 2025. The review identified a consistently high prevalence of MSDs, with the lower back, shoulders, neck, and upper extremities being the most commonly affected areas. Key risk factors are multifactorial, including physical/ergonomic aspects (e.g., awkward postures, heavy loads, repetitive motions, prolonged exposure, vibration) , individual factors (e.g., age, BMI, injury history) , psychosocial factors (e.g., high job demands, low job control, stress) , and organizational/manegerial factors (e.g., inadequate training, poor workstation design). The findings underscore the necessity of a holistic and integrated approach to manage MSDs.  

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>This study aims to analyze the synergy between posyandu cadres and environmental sanitation in reducing stunting rates in Tanjung Mas Sub-District, Semarang City. Using a qualitative approach and data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation over the past two years (2023–2024), the research found that community-based interventions through active posyandu cadres, along with improved environmental sanitation, significantly impacted the decline in stunting prevalence in the area. This research adopts the public policy implementation theory of Sabatier & Mazmanian (2022) as well as the cross-sector collaboration theory, and Van Meter and Horns policy implementation theory. Findings indicate that the stunting rate in Tanjung Mas Sub-District decreased from 18.5% in 2022 to 11.2% by the end of 2024. The study recommends strengthening inter-agency coordination, providing ongoing training for posyandu cadres, and improving sanitation infrastructure.</em></p>

Street-level bureaucracy refers to the role of frontline bureaucrats who directly engage with the public in the implementation of public policies, including stunting management. In Sidoarjo Regency, stunting remains a critical public health issue with long-term implications for human capital development, despite the government’s continuous efforts to reduce its prevalence. Actors such as posyandu cadres, health center personnel, and officials from the District Health Office serve as the front line in detecting stunting cases, delivering nutritional counseling, monitoring child growth, and connecting communities with essential health services. However, the effectiveness of these roles is often constrained by limited resources, excessive workloads, lack of adequate training, and insufficient incentives that do not reflect the complexity of their responsibilities. Furthermore, policy implementation is frequently hindered by weak inter-sectoral coordination, low community engagement, and the gap between administrative guidelines and the realities faced in the field. The discretionary power held by these street-level bureaucrats becomes both a strength and a challenge—allowing for flexible adaptation to local needs while raising concerns about accountability and service consistency. Addressing stunting effectively at the local level requires strategic capacity-building for implementers through continuous training, fair compensation, and strengthened collaboration among governmental actors and other stakeholders. These efforts must be integrated, holistic, and sustainable in order to truly tackle the root causes of stunting and generate meaningful improvements in public health outcomes.

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a nutritional problem that has serious impacts on the health of both the mother and the fetus, such as increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and labor complications. In Jambi City, CED cases have continued to rise year by year. This study aims to identify the determinants of CED among pregnant women in the working area of Putri Ayu Public Health Center, Jambi City. This study employed a quantitative approach with an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional method. The sample consisted of 82 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements using MUAC. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test to examine the relationship between independent variables and the incidence of CED. The study found that the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women was 28%. Statistical analysis revealed that infectious diseases (p=0.000), personal hygiene (p=0.009), environmental sanitation (p=0.037), education (p=0.004), occupation (p=0.000), and income (p=0.040) were significantly associated with CED in pregnant women. There is a significant relationship between infectious diseases, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, education, occupation, and income with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women at Putri Ayu Public Health Center, Jambi City. It is expected that efforts to address chronic energy deficiency (CED) among pregnant women at Putri Ayu Public Health Center can be carried out through an integrated approach, including improvements in personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, prevention of infectious diseases, as well as enhancement of education, employment, and family income.