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Diseases in primary health services exhibit complex spatial-temporal dynamics due to urbanization and population mobility. Conventional surveillance approaches are difficult to capture these patterns adaptively. Machine learning (ML) based on spatio-temporal modeling offers a solution with the ability to detect disease clusters automatically and with high precision. Research Objectives: This research aims to develop a machine learning model to detect disease hotspots from primary service data in Indonesia, with a focus on improving prediction accuracy, interpretability, and relevance of health policies. Methodology: The primary service dataset for 2024 (5,343 entries) was analyzed using three ML models Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Temporal Random Forest (TRF), and Multi-EigenSpot with spatial (village) and temporal (week, month) features. Performance evaluation includes predictive (AUC, F1-score) and spatial (Moran's I, Spatio-Temporal Correlation Index) metrics. Results: The results showed that Multi-EigenSpot achieved the best performance (AUC=0.91; F1=0.86), with the detection of dominant hotspots in Sungai Asam and Beringin Villages. Moran's I value of 0.63 indicates a strong spatial autocorrelation, while STCI=0.57 indicates moderate temporal stability. Conclusions: ML-based spatio-temporal models are effective in identifying hidden disease patterns and have the potential to be integrated into national digital surveillance systems. This approach supports precision public health by providing a scientific basis for real-time location- and time-based intervention policies.

Sambofuar Village in Samofa District, Biak Numfor Regency, faces various maternal health challenges due to limited access to healthcare services, low socioeconomic conditions, and inadequate capacity of posyandu cadres in supporting pregnant women with high-risk conditions. With a population of 954 people and 228 households, only 64% of pregnant women received antenatal care during the second trimester, while 18% did not undergo any pregnancy check-up. To address these issues, the Student Creativity Program was implemented using a community-based cadre empowerment approach. The program was carried out from October 11 to December 9, 2024, involving five posyandu cadres, most of whom were 50–59 years old, had an elementary school education, and had more than five years of experience. The intensive training provided resulted in a significant increase in knowledge, where pre-test scores ranging from 30–50 improved to 70–90 in the post-test. Mentoring activities at the posyandu also showed that all cadres (100%) were able to perform their duties effectively, including providing health education and independently assisting high-risk pregnant women. This program has contributed positively by improving cadre competency, strengthening maternal health literacy, and potentially reducing the risk of pregnancy complications. Overall, cadre empowerment through training and education has proven effective and should be continued to strengthen the maternal health system in Sambofuar Village.

Daily drinking water requirement for healthy individuals is a crucial factor in maintaining health and physiological balance. For individuals involved in intense physical activity or exercise, fluid requirements can increase significantly, with recommendations reaching 3 to 4 liters per day to replace fluid loss through sweat, so researchers consider it important to discuss the provision of clean drinking water installations with the application of Reverse Osmosis (RO) machines that utilize PDAM water as a source, which is in the Candrasa complex to support the fulfillment of drinking water needs for the Indonesian Navy Academy Cadets. AAL is a military educational institution that requires a supply of safe and high-quality drinking water for the Cadets so that the learning and training process can run smoothly. This study covers the daily drinking water needs of AAL Cadets, the current condition of the drinking water supply, and the concept of the RO machine itself in the Candrasa complex by utilizing PDAM water to produce healthy and suitable drinking water for AAL Cadets. The results of this study are expected to increase the availability of clean and safe drinking water for AAL cadets, facilitate drinking water distribution in the Candrasa complex, support their quality of life during their education, training, and foster care, and help maintain their health and safety. This study also underscores the importance of efficient and sustainable water management in the military environment.

Background: Hospitals are a key pillar of the healthcare system, providing complex services to improve public health. Nursing care is an essential part of hospital function, aiming to maintain optimal public health. Nursing care is a professional service focused on individuals, families, groups, and communities, both in health and illness. Purpose: evaluation efforts for the implementation of supervision using the coaching method at Bunda Denpasar Women's and Children's Hospital.. Method: The training method will be conducted face-to-face for one month in four sessions. The sessions consist of a pre-test assessment, lectures, video screenings, targeted mentoring, and a post-test assessment. Results: Based on the pre-test results, the effectiveness of supervision was 65, and after the coaching intervention, the post-test score was 97. Conclusion: This demonstrates that the use of coaching in supervision improves performance and service delivery. Supervision in the nursing context is the process of monitoring and guidance carried out by direct superiors, such as ward heads, to ensure the implementation of nursing care meets established standards.

Informed consent constitutes a fundamental legal and ethical requirement in healthcare services, ensuring that every medical action is performed with the patient’s full awareness and voluntary approval. In Indonesia, the obligation to obtain informed consent is firmly regulated under the Health Law No. 17 of 2023, the Minister of Health Regulation on Medical Consent, and provisions on medical records. This paper examines the essential role of informed consent as a protective instrument for both patients and healthcare providers within the clinical and legal framework. Informed consent guarantees patients’ rights to information, autonomy, and decision-making, while providing legal safeguards for medical practitioners by documenting the process of explanation, acceptance, or refusal of medical treatment. Proper documentation within medical records ensures accountability, continuity of care, and serves as crucial evidence when medical disputes arise. Medical disputes often stem from dissatisfaction, communication gaps, or misunderstandings about risks inherent in medical procedures. Therefore, informed consent functions not merely as an administrative requirement but as a mechanism for preventing conflict, clarifying responsibilities, and distinguishing unavoidable medical risks from professional negligence. By strengthening the implementation of informed consent, healthcare providers can enhance transparency, improve service quality, and reduce the likelihood of medical litigation.  

Karangtalun Village, located in Kalidawir District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java, has significant potential for developing Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA) to support community-based health practices. However, the utilization of TOGA in daily health care remains limited due to a lack of knowledge and practical skills among residents. At the same time, the community faces a growing social challenge—digital exposure among young children, which negatively affects their physical, psychological, and social well-being. To address these issues, a capacity-building program was implemented for women involved in the Integrated Guidance Post (Posbindu) through training on TOGA cultivation and digital literacy education using the Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach. This participatory model actively engaged community members in the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The program results showed an increase in participants’ understanding of TOGA as an alternative for self-care and traditional medicine, greater awareness of the adverse effects of excessive gadget use among children, and positive behavioral changes in parenting, such as setting screen-time limits and replacing gadget use with creative family activities. These findings demonstrate that integrating local wisdom–based education with digital literacy can effectively strengthen family resilience and promote sustainable well-being in the digital era.

Karangtalun Village, located in Kalidawir District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java, has significant potential for developing Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA) to support community-based health practices. However, the utilization of TOGA in daily health care remains limited due to a lack of knowledge and practical skills among residents. At the same time, the community faces a growing social challenge—digital exposure among young children, which negatively affects their physical, psychological, and social well-being. To address these issues, a capacity-building program was implemented for women involved in the Integrated Guidance Post (Posbindu) through training on TOGA cultivation and digital literacy education using the Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach. This participatory model actively engaged community members in the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The program results showed an increase in participants’ understanding of TOGA as an alternative for self-care and traditional medicine, greater awareness of the adverse effects of excessive gadget use among children, and positive behavioral changes in parenting, such as setting screen-time limits and replacing gadget use with creative family activities. These findings demonstrate that integrating local wisdom–based education with digital literacy can effectively strengthen family resilience and promote sustainable well-being in the digital era.

This research investigates integrated maritime workforce resilience and mental health management frameworks addressing post-pandemic seafarer wellbeing challenges and organizational safety culture transformation. Through qualitative analysis involving 39 stakeholders including seafarers, ship operators, mental health professionals, maritime unions, training institutions, and maritime authorities, this study examines how COVID-19 pandemic intensified mental health crises through extended contracts, shore leave restrictions, and isolation while exposing systemic inadequacies in psychological support systems. Results demonstrate that comprehensive mental health frameworks can reduce psychological distress by 55-70%, improve safety performance by 40-55%, enhance crew retention by 45-60%, and decrease incident rates by 35-50% when integrating organizational culture change, leadership competency development, predictive analytics, and culturally-adapted interventions. Key challenges include mental health stigma (affecting 65-80% of seafarers), limited organizational investment (only 18-25% adequate), service accessibility gaps, and workforce demographic diversity requiring culturally-sensitive approaches. Findings reveal that effective mental health management requires systemic organizational transformation integrating psychological wellbeing into safety management systems, work design optimization, family support programs, and career sustainability rather than treating mental health as peripheral welfare concern, supporting maritime industry's workforce retention and operational safety imperatives.

The personal care product industry, particularly bath soap, is becoming increasingly competitive as public awareness of health and hygiene grows. Lifebuoy is a long-trusted bath soap brand, but according to data from the Top Brand Index 2021–2024, Lifebuoy is experiencing a significant downward trend. This situation indicates a problem in consumer purchasing decisions, making it crucial to examine the factors influencing it. This study aims to analyze the influence of advertising and brand image on purchasing decisions for Lifebuoy bath soap in Semarang City, with purchase intention as an intervening variable. This study used a quantitative approach with explanatory research. The population in this study was all Lifebuoy bath soap users in Semarang City. The sample was determined using a non-probability sampling method using the Lemeshow formula, resulting in 96 respondents. Data analysis techniques used Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Measurement Model Evaluation (Outer Model), and Structural Model Evaluation (Inner Model) using the SmartPLS 0.4 application. The results of the study indicate that advertising has a direct influence on purchasing decisions, brand image has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, advertising does not have a significant direct influence on purchase intention, brand image has a positive and significant influence on purchase intention, purchase intention has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions, purchase intention mediates the relationship between advertising and purchase decisions, and purchase intention mediates the relationship between brand image and purchase decisions.

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of reconstruction strategies for mental health services in post-conflict regions of the Middle East, based on a meta-synthesis of 87 policies and intervention programs issued between 2010 and 2023. The findings indicate that 73.4 percent of initiatives did not meet their intended targets due to infrastructural limitations, resulting in a service dropout rate of 62.8 percent. The implementation of the Stepped Care Model shows a 47.2 percent improvement in service access (p = 0.001), while the integration of mental health services into primary health care systems increases overall coverage by 56.3 percent (p = 0.001). Task shifting to community health workers enhances efficiency by 38.9 percent (p = 0.01) with a cost-effectiveness ratio of 1 to 2.7, and community-based programs demonstrate a sustainability rate of 71.2 percent compared to 43.5 percent in conventional approaches. These findings build upon the work of Hamamra et al. (2025) and Werner et al. (2023) on post-conflict mental health interventions and show that hybrid models combining formal and informal structures yield better performance, with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.82. The main contribution of this study lies in identifying adaptive implementation patterns that align with resource limitations, socio-cultural dynamics, and systemic reconstruction needs in post-conflict settings.

This study investigates strategies for improving social rehabilitation services for people with physical disabilities through technology-based approaches and family involvement at UPT Social Rehabilitation Bina Laras Pasuruan, East Java. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentation with rehabilitation staff, persons with disabilities, family members, and technology specialists. Findings reveal that integrating digital technologies—including mobile health applications, telemedicine platforms, and assistive devices—significantly enhances service accessibility and monitoring capabilities. Structured family involvement programs, encompassing psychoeducation sessions, home-based care training, and support groups, demonstrate substantial improvements in rehabilitation outcomes. Critical success factors include adequate technological infrastructure, staff digital literacy, family commitment, and inter-agency coordination. Challenges include the digital divide, resistance to technological adoption, and sustainability concerns. The research concludes that a hybrid model combining technology-enabled services with intensive family participation offers the most promising approach and recommends policy frameworks that institutionalise these innovations while ensuring equitable access across diverse beneficiary populations

Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are serious occurrences and problems that are often found in all hospital facilities. HAIs cause extended hospitalization, permanent disability, increased treatment costs, and death. Hand Hygiene has an important role in the prevention and control of HAIs. This study aims to see the compliance of nurses' hand hygiene and nurses' knowledge of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) in the intensive care unit of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. The type of research design used was descriptive with a sampling technique using a total of 31 respondents. Based on the results of the study, it was found that most nurses were obedient in carrying out hand hygiene (83.9%) and knowledge that is about the prevention of HAIs was found to be a large number of nurses who had high knowledge (67.7%). It is hoped that nurses maintain compliance in performing hand hygiene so that HAIs do not occur.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by inadequate insulin action. Poor disease control can lead to complications such as neuropathy, commonly marked by tingling or sensory loss. Effective prevention requires structured management through the five pillars of diabetes care. This case study describes the application of these pillars in a patient with hyperglycemia. Case: A 58-year-old male with diabetes mellitus presented with reduced sensation in the feet, abdominal discomfort, and consistently elevated blood glucose levels. The patient had limited disease knowledge and misconceptions related to diabetes self-management. Intervention: Education on the five pillars of diabetes was provided using a structured approach consisting of three self-care pillars and two collaborative pillars. Leaflet-based educational materials developed by the author were used to facilitate understanding for both the patient and family. Results: Following the intervention, the patient demonstrated increased knowledge, awareness, and improved ability to manage hyperglycemia. The family also showed enhanced understanding and support for diabetes care. Conclusion: Nurse-led education using the five pillars of diabetes effectively improves knowledge, awareness, and self-management abilities in individuals with diabetes mellitus, contributing to better glycemic control and prevention of complications.

This study analyzes the burden on health services and the level of regional preparedness during the 2025 flood disaster in North Sumatra Province. Using a descriptive-analytic design with secondary data obtained from official disaster reports, this research examines the number of affected households, displaced populations, mortality, and emergency response status across 18 districts and cities. Findings show significant variations in the magnitude of impacts, with regions experiencing higher numbers of affected populations demonstrating greater pressure on health services, particularly in emergency care, communicable disease prevention, and shelter-based health management. Furthermore, regions that activated emergency response status earlier and demonstrated stronger preparedness were found to experience lower health burdens. These results highlight the importance of integrating disaster preparedness into local health system planning to strengthen resilience against hydrometeorological disasters. The study emphasizes the need for improved intersectoral coordination, enhanced health logistics capacity, and readiness of health personnel to respond effectively to large-scale emergencies.

Background : The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) worldwide reaches 183,000 per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2024). In Indonesia, there were 4,305 reported cases (Ministry of Health RI, 2024), while Central Java Province recorded 315 cases (Central Java Health Office, 2024). In Brebes Regency, there were 54 maternal deaths in 2024 (Brebes Health Office, 2024), and in the Bumiayu Public Health Center area, 2 maternal deaths were recorded (Bumiayu PHC Data, 2024). Objective : To analyze, implement, and provide comprehensive midwifery care for Mrs. A, 25 years old, with anemia in the Bumiayu Public Health Center area in 2025, using the Varney midwifery management approach and the SOAP method. Research Methods : This study used a qualitative descriptive design in the form of a case study. Results : Midwifery care during pregnancy for Mrs.A with anemia was carried out bassed on the mother’s needs. During labor, newborn care, postpartum period, and family planning services, no complications were found. Conclusion: The comprehensive midwifery care provided to Mrs. A with anemia was carried out in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), with both the mother and baby in good condition.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperglycemia are common health problems among adults and can develop into cardiovascular diseases and diabetes if not detected early. This community service activity was carried out to provide education on risk factors, prevention, and control of cholesterol, uric acid, and blood glucose levels among parents of students at RA Avicenna in Sorong City, as well as to conduct examinations of these three parameters as an early detection effort. The methods used included interactive counseling using presentation media, question-and-answer discussions, and health checks using point-of-care testing (POCT) devices. A total of 23 respondents participated, ranging in age from 22 to 55 years. The results showed that 22 individuals had normal blood glucose levels and 1 individual had high glucose levels. Nine people had normal cholesterol levels, eight were in the borderline category, and six had high cholesterol levels. Five participants had normal uric acid levels, while 18 had elevated uric acid levels, for which additional education and recommendations for further medical examination were provided. In conclusion, educational activities combined with health screening proved effective in increasing community awareness and motivation to prevent NCDs early.

This study aims to explore and evaluate the implementation of the Curriculum of Love as a comprehensive preventive approach to addressing bullying in Senior High Schools. Bullying, defined as repeated negative behaviors intended to harm others through verbal, physical, or social actions, has become a serious problem in schools across Indonesia. Its effects on victims include physical and psychological health issues, reduced self-confidence, and in severe cases, suicidal thoughts. The research uses a literature review method, analyzing various academic sources such as journals and scholarly reports because the topic is closely related to theoretical concepts and theological values. The Curriculum of Love is a humanistic, holistic, and transformative educational model that emphasizes love, empathy, care, and compassion as central to all learning activities. Its core values of love, tolerance, and harmony form the foundation for promoting positive behavior. Findings indicate that this curriculum effectively addresses the complex causes of bullying, including individual, family, and social factors, by systematically instilling these core values. Implementation involves cultivating love for God to strengthen moral responsibility, love for fellow humans to foster respect and empathy, and practical activities such as role play, classroom companion programs, peaceful conflict resolution training, and teacher modeling. The Curriculum of Love creates a safe and supportive school environment and serves as an essential preventive and transformative educational strategy.

PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo is a company engaged in ship agency services. The ship agency service process at PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo starts from the initial arrival of the ship, loading and unloading activities, until the ship departs to the next destination port. Ship to Ship (STS) transfer is a method of transferring cargo between ships that requires careful coordination and supervision, especially in handling Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) cargo, which is volatile and high-risk. As one of the ship agency companies in the Batam waters area, PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo plays an important role in supporting the smooth process of Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). This paper aims to comprehensively examine the Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) handling process carried out by PT. Batam Mitra Suplindo, covering the planning stage, coordination with related institutions, technical implementation, and post-transfer evaluation. The research method used is field research, observation, and library research. The research results show that the success of Ship to Ship (STS) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) highly depends on compliance with standard operating procedures (SOP), readiness of licensing documents, and synergy with the Port Health Office, Harbour Master, and ship operators.

Anesthesiology and emergency care require rapid and accurate clinical decision-making. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers substantial potential to support triage, monitoring, and decision-making in critical and emergency anesthesiology settings. This scoping review maps the use of AI in clinical decision-making and emergency patient management in anesthesiology and identifies existing research gaps. A literature search was conducted in ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for articles in Indonesian or English published between 2020 and 2025. Study selection followed Tricco’s scoping review framework, and methodological quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. AI was shown to improve triage accuracy and efficiency (predictive accuracy up to 99.1% and reductions in waiting time of around 30%). Machine learning models effectively predicted critical care needs and emergency risk, while AI-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) enhanced the speed and quality of clinical decisions. Key challenges include data bias, ethical and privacy issues, clinician readiness, and integration with hospital information systems. AI and CDSS have strong potential to improve patient safety and clinical decision-making in emergency anesthesiology. Strengthening AI literacy, supportive regulation, and transparent, context-appropriate predictive models are needed for safe and sustainable implementation.

Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes the air sacs to fill with fluid or pus. This disease can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, with varying degrees of severity depending on the cause and condition of the sufferer. Symptoms include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Data obtained from the Batam City Health Office of pneumonia in 2023, there were 1,509 cases of pneumonia, the most cases were found in Batam City (1,182 cases), while the fewest cases were recorded in Lingga Regency (5 cases). This Professional Scientific Paper aims to provide medical-surgical nursing care with the application of chest physiotherapy to Ms. N to reduce the amount of sputum for pneumonia sufferers in the inpatient room at Harapan Bunda Hospital, Batam City in 2025. The method used in this Professional Scientific Paper is a case study conducted based on the stages of nursing care including assessment, data analysis, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and nursing evaluation. The results showed a decrease in sputum production on the third day, a decrease in fever, and an improvement in sleep patterns. Patients are expected to understand that chest physiotherapy can reduce sputum production.