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As a high-value crop, potatoes necessitate balanced nutrient management for optimal growth and yield. This research aimed to assess how varying applications of NPK 20-20-10 fertilizer influenced potato growth, yield, tuber quality, agronomic efficiency, and economic viability within tropical climates. The experimental setup involved a randomized complete block design, incorporating four replications across seven distinct treatments: a control, a standard inorganic fertilization regimen, and NPK 20-20-10 applied at 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, and 1.50 times the suggested dosage. The findings indicated that applying NPK 20-20-10 significantly enhanced several parameters, including plant height, branch count, tuber count, tuber weight, and overall yield components, when contrasted with the control group. Notably, the 1.25 times recommended dose demonstrated superior performance, leading to a 34.9% increase in tuber number and a 68.6% rise in tuber weight compared to the control. Agronomic effectiveness scores surpassed 100 for dosages ranging from 0.75 to 1.50, with the 1.25 dose registering the peak value. Economic evaluations confirmed the profitability of all NPK treatments, and the 1.25 dose yielded the most favorable R/C ratio and a net profit of IDR 29,053,400. Consequently, the recommended application for potato cultivation is 675 kg/ha of NPK 20-20-10, distributed in three equal parts at planting, four weeks post-planting, and six weeks post-planting. Thus, these results underscore that NPK 20-20-10, when applied at 1.25 times the recommended rate, presents an agronomically effective and economically sound strategy for sustainable potato farming in tropical settings.

This study aims to examine the effect of employee competence, behavioral control, and trust on employee performance at the Bojonegoro District Health Office with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an intervening variable. The background of this study is related to the importance of employee performance in achieving public service organizational goals, particularly in the health sector. This study uses an explanatory quantitative method with a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The research sample consisted of 100 employees at the Bojonegoro District Health Office. The results of the analysis show that the influence of employee competence on employee performance is not significant, but employee competence has a significant influence on OCB. Behavioral control has a significant effect on employee performance, but its effect on OCB is not significant. Trust has a significant effect on OCB, but its direct effect on employee performance does not. OCB is proven to have a significant effect on employee performance. Therefore, OCB plays an important role as a mediator in improving employee performance. This study provides a theoretical contribution by clarifying the relationship between variables in the context of public service-based government organizations. In practical terms, the results of this study are expected to form the basis for recommendations to improve the quality of human resources and develop managerial strategies at the Bojonegoro District Health Office in order to support the effectiveness and efficiency of public services.

The development of renewable energy, particularly Solar Power Plants (PV), requires a reliable, real-time, and easily accessible electrical energy monitoring system to ensure optimal system performance. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based electrical energy monitoring system for PV using the NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller, the PZEM-004T sensor for measuring electrical parameters, and the Node-RED platform as the data visualization interface. The developed system is designed to monitor voltage, current, power, energy, frequency, and power loss in real time, and then display the data in the form of numerical values, graphs, and indicators on a dashboard accessible through a local network. The research method includes hardware design, software development (sensor reading, data processing, and communication), integration with Node-RED, and system testing on a small-scale PV installation. The test results show that the system is capable of monitoring electrical parameters in a stable and responsive manner. Variations in sunlight intensity were found to affect the current and power produced by the solar panels, whereas the inverter output voltage tended to remain within normal operating ranges. The Node-RED dashboard display was considered informative and helpful for users in monitoring and analyzing PV performance. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the IoT-based electrical energy monitoring system designed in this study functions well and is feasible for application in residential or educational-scale PV installations. The system still has the potential for further development through cloud service integration, the addition of environmental sensors, and enhancements to data analysis features and user interface design.

Land navigation capability is a fundamental competence that must be possessed by Marine Corps cadets to support the success of military training and operations. Along with technological advancements, the utilization of modern navigation devices such as offline maps integrated with smartwatches has emerged as a strategic alternative to enhance the effectiveness of ground operation training. However, the implementation of this technology within military education institutions, particularly at the Indonesian Naval Academy, remains limited. This study aims to analyze the optimization of smartwatch-based offline maps to support ground operation training for Marine Corps cadets. A qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach was employed through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research subjects included instructors from the Marine Department and Marine Corps cadets of the 70th cohort. The findings indicate that smartwatch-based offline maps offer significant advantages in terms of practicality, durability in wet terrain, accessibility of navigation data, and movement efficiency compared to conventional GPS devices. Nevertheless, the utilization of this technology is constrained by the absence of structured curriculum integration, limited specialized training, and insufficient technological proficiency among instructors and cadets. Therefore, this study recommends incorporating smartwatch-based offline map training into the formal curriculum to enhance the readiness, professionalism, and independent navigation skills of Marine Corps cadets in modern military operations.

The development of military communication technology requires effective, secure, and adaptable communication systems suitable for training and operational environments. During the implementation of Karkata Yudha Practical Training, Marine Corps cadets still experience various communication constraints due to the limitations of conventional communication devices that do not support hands-free operation, noise resistance, and communication confidentiality. This study aims to analyze the utilization of Tactical Radio Person Headsets as a communication support tool to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of Karkata Yudha practical training for Marine Corps cadets. This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were collected through direct observation of training activities, in-depth interviews with communication experts from the Marine Corps, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted using SWOT analysis to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the implementation of Tactical Radio Person Headsets. The results indicate that the utilization of Tactical Radio Person Headsets significantly improves tactical communication quality, accelerates coordination among units, and supports maneuver execution and decision-making in the field. The challenges identified include limited equipment availability, procurement costs, and the need for technical training for users. Overall, Tactical Radio Person Headsets demonstrate strong potential to be integrated into Marine Corps cadet training systems to enhance operational readiness and professionalism in the future.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently a rapidly developing technology in all fields, particularly in finance and the military. This study aims to examine the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to support financial report analysis and internal control within Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) work units. Along with the development of information technology, AI has the potential to provide innovative solutions to improve efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in state financial management, particularly in a military environment that demands high accountability. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with a case study approach in several work units within the Indonesian Navy. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and a review of relevant documents and literature. The results indicate that the use of AI, such as machine learning and data analytics, can identify unusual financial transaction patterns, predict potential irregularities, and improve the effectiveness of internal oversight. However, the implementation of this technology still faces challenges, such as limited digital infrastructure, the need for human resource training, and the need for policies that support sustainable digital transformation. This study recommends the gradual and strategic integration of AI as part of the reform of the Indonesian Navy's financial management system.

This Community Service Program (PkM) was carried out at PT Golden Visalux with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of the company’s operational cost budget control. Findings from field observations and interviews revealed that the company did not yet have formal written guidelines such as a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and lacked a well-structured evaluation system for its budgeting process. As a result, discrepancies occurred between planned and actual expenditures, along with delays in monitoring operational costs. Through this internship project, an SOP and budget measurement standards were created and applied as reference tools for all relevant divisions involved in the budgeting cycle. The SOP implementation led to several improvements, including more accurate cost recording, better monitoring of budget variances, and increased efficiency in operational spending. In addition, the company now possesses an official document that can be utilized continuously for evaluating and refining its cost control practices. Overall, this PkM initiative offers meaningful contributions to strengthening budget management effectiveness and supporting improved financial performance at PT Golden Visalux.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the Travel Document Section at Tanjung Perak Immigration Office within the framework of Public Administration. Employing a qualitative, case-study approach, the research investigates the efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of immigration services, emphasising the application of New Public Management (NPM) principles and Good Governance practices. The findings reveal that while technological innovations such as digital systems (M-Passport and SIMKIM) have successfully improved operational efficiency and reduced physical queues, challenges persist regarding procedural transparency, accountability, and system reliability. Human errors and inconsistent discretion in handling complex documents highlight the need for enhanced capacity building and resource allocation. Moreover, issues of bureaucratic transparency and integrity undermine public trust, underscoring the importance of strengthening internal controls and communication strategies. The study also underscores that service quality is multidimensional, encompassing physical facilities, interpersonal professionalism, and procedural clarity, all of which influence public satisfaction. Despite improvements, the gap between technological efficiency and service effectiveness suggests that further efforts are needed to integrate digital innovations with robust procedural protocols. The research concludes that sustainable performance improvement requires a balanced focus on technological, human, and systemic factors, fostering a culture of transparency, accountability, and continuous development. These insights offer valuable policy recommendations to enhance the robustness and responsiveness of immigration services, ultimately strengthening the legitimacy and trust of government institutions in delivering public services.

This research aims to analyse the implementation of digital innovation in passport services at the Class I Immigration Office Tanjung Perak as part of bureaucratic reform and Good Governance initiatives. The study employed a qualitative case study approach, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, to assess the successes and challenges of digital systems such as SIMKIM and M-Paspor. The findings reveal that digital innovation has successfully improved operational efficiency and generally provided transparency into costs and application status, whilst reducing queuing times and increasing service speed, thereby enhancing public satisfaction and trust in immigration services. However, the innovation has not fully addressed structural and cultural bureaucratic barriers, as field officers tend to become passive when systems experience errors or delays, struggling to provide detailed explanations about issues, which results in information ambiguity and potentially undermines procedural transparency and performance accountability principles. The study concludes that bureaucratic reform in the immigration sector requires internal cultural updates and enhanced human resource competencies to support comprehensive transparency and accountability. Digital infrastructure instability and officers' discretionary authority significantly influence the effectiveness of digital innovation. Whilst digital innovation offers substantial benefits in efficiency and transparency, its success depends heavily on strengthening systems, improving human resource skills, and fostering organisational cultural change, with continuous efforts essential for achieving effective, transparent, and accountable public service.

The administration of population services in Rumbai Timur District continues to face challenges following the regional expansion that required residents to update their civil documents. The SIPENDUDUK website was introduced to simplify digital submissions; however, its implementation has not been fully effective. A portion of the community, particularly older adults and individuals with low digital literacy, still struggles to navigate service flows and upload required documents. This study aims to evaluate the service quality of the SIPENDUDUK website in improving the effectiveness of civil administration services. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through observations and interviews with officers and service users. The findings indicate that although the website has facilitated administrative processes, its accessibility has not yet reached all user groups due to varying technological capabilities. The system shows adequate efficiency and stability, although several technical issues remain. Service security is maintained through controlled access and a simplified interface. User support is provided through direct assistance from the local office, including manual guidance and mobile outreach services. These results highlight that the success of digital services depends not only on system quality but also on user readiness. This evaluation is expected to contribute to improving the effectiveness, inclusiveness, and overall quality of population administration services in Rumbai Timur District.

This study aims to explore the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures for immigration services at TPI Tanjung Priok Port and examine its impact on service effectiveness in Indonesia's maritime sector. The research employed a qualitative approach to analyse the gap between formal SOP guidelines and on-the-ground practices, examining internal and external factors, including resource limitations, technological constraints, and inter-agency coordination issues. The findings reveal significant disparities that lead to both positive and negative discretion amongst frontline Immigration officers, influencing service consistency, efficiency, and transparency. Negative discretion results in procedural deviations that compromise reliability and potentially foster corruption, delays, and inefficiencies. In contrast, positive discretion emerges as adaptive responses indicating weaknesses in SOP design or infrastructure. The study concludes that enhancing frontline officers' competence, motivation, and accountability is essential for achieving desired outcomes, whilst integrating technological solutions such as digital documentation and real-time monitoring is vital for streamlined, transparent, and accountable procedures. Improving SOP adherence, coupled with better resource allocation and inter-institutional cooperation, can significantly reduce vessel turnaround times, lower logistics costs, and bolster maritime competitiveness. The research advocates for dedicated training programmes, supervisory systems, and technological innovations to ensure SOP compliance, minimise discretion-driven deviations, and promote accountability, thereby optimising maritime service delivery and supporting Indonesia's strategic maritime development objectives.

This study examines the implementation of digital health services via the Mobile JKN application at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center in Pekanbaru City and explores factors affecting service effectiveness, especially complaints about long waiting times. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on the Mobile Health Acceptance Model by Handayani et al. (2021), the study focuses on five constructs: ease of use, system availability, system responsiveness, health workers’ digital skills, and user trust. The results show that Mobile JKN has significantly simplified administrative processes, accelerated registration, and improved service efficiency at the health center. Effectiveness is supported by factors such as the application’s general ease of use, faster queue data processing, and adequate digital skills among staff. Users also show a high level of trust, though queue time estimation still needs improvement. Despite these benefits, complaints about long waits persist due to patients who register online but still queue manually and misunderstandings between Mobile JKN and e-Puskesmas queue numbers. Late patient arrivals also contribute to delays. Overall, Mobile JKN proves effective in enhancing digital health services, but further optimization is needed through better socialization of service procedures, accurate queue information, and improved system integration to maximize the advantages of digitalization.

This study aims to determine the effect of information technology utilization on the timeliness of financial reporting in the Regional Apparatus Work Units (SKPD) of North Toraja Regency. The use of information technology is expected to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the financial reporting process so that reports can be prepared and submitted on time. However, variations in reporting timeliness among several SKPDs indicate the need for further examination of the extent to which information technology has been optimally utilized. The research method employed is a quantitative approach with a simple linear regression analysis technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to financial staff of SKPDs in North Toraja Regency, with a total of 50 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS through validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption testing, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study show that the utilization of information technology has a positive and significant effect on the timeliness of financial reporting. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing the use of information technology in supporting effective and timely financial reporting.

This study aims to analyze the role of information technology systems in enhancing operational efficiency in modern Islamic banks. The implementation of information technology is considered essential for accelerating services, improving data accuracy, reducing administrative costs, and expanding the reach of digital financial services in the Islamic banking sector. This research employs a qualitative approach to explore processes, experiences, and the application of digital services in several Islamic banks that have implemented mobile banking, internet banking, and IT-based internal management systems. The findings reveal that information technology significantly improves operational efficiency and effectiveness through transaction digitalization, administrative process automation, mobile banking utilization, e-procurement systems, integration of digital payment features, and the adoption of fintech solutions. Information technology also strengthens data security and enhances service quality for customers. However, its implementation presents challenges such as cybersecurity risks, infrastructure readiness, human resource competence, and compliance with Sharia principles. Overall, the application of information technology systems contributes substantially to improving efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness in modern Islamic banking.

This research aims to develop an Integrative Conceptual Model of Public Services in Archipelago Characterized Regions through a study of multidimensional literature synthesis. The focus of the research is directed at four main dimensions, namely maritime infrastructure, adaptive legal frameworks, geography-based governance, and digital innovation, which interact with each other in forming an effective, adaptive, and sustainable public service system. The method used is qualitative research based on non-SLR literature review with a narrative-integrative approach according to the guidelines of (Winarno, 2020). A total of 15 national and international articles were analyzed using thematic coding and cross-dimensional synthesis techniques to identify patterns of interconnectedness between variables. The results show that maritime infrastructure is the foundation of service accessibility, adaptive legal frameworks ensure policy legitimacy and fairness, geography-based governance strengthens the effectiveness of decentralization, and digital innovation accelerates efficiency and public participation. The synthesis of these findings gave birth to a new conceptual framework called the Integrated Maritime Public Service Framework, which emphasizes the importance of synergy between physical, social, legal, and technological aspects of the archipelago. The conclusion of the study confirms that the paradigm of public service in the archipelago has shifted from a bureaucratic model to an integrative and collaborative approach based on Pancasila values. This research contributes to the development of public governance theory and provides a new direction for service policy in the Indonesian archipelago.

This study provides an in-depth examination of the relationship between the implementation of administrative ethics and the quality of civil service performance within the framework of good governance principles in Kota Palangka Raya. Employing a qualitative–descriptive approach grounded in literature-based analysis, this research explores various empirical findings related to public service practices, bureaucratic transparency, regional asset management, and the integrity of civil servants. The analysis reveals that administrative ethics have not been fully internalized, as evidenced by persistent delays in service delivery, employee absenteeism, convoluted procedures, low responsiveness, and weak accountability and regulatory compliance. These conditions indicate a substantial gap between ideal ethical standards and actual administrative practices. The findings further confirm that core values of administrative ethics—such as integrity, discipline, responsibility, transparency, and professionalism—play a determinant role in realizing good governance principles, including transparency, effectiveness, efficiency, accountability, and the rule of law. This study asserts that strengthening administrative ethics is a strategic prerequisite for improving civil service quality and restoring public trust. The implications highlight the need for continuous capacity-building, enhanced integrity among civil servants, and strengthened oversight mechanisms to establish an equitable, accountable, and citizen-oriented system of governance.

The effectiveness of a retail store layout plays a crucial role in supporting operational efficiency, service flow, and customer experience. Brother Parfume, a perfume refill retail store, currently applies a bar-service layout designed based on intuition and daily operational needs rather than systematic planning. This often results in inefficient movement patterns, limited space utilization, and suboptimal coordination among functional areas. This study aims to redesign the store layout by applying the Entity Relationship Chart (ERC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods to identify functional relationships and determine the ideal spatial arrangement. Data were collected through direct observation and semi-structured interviews with the store owner to understand the interaction between service areas, product displays, and storage sections. The ERC analysis shows that the service area, perfume display, and bottle display have the highest functional interdependence, while the storage area has the lowest necessity for proximity. TCR results confirm these findings, with the service area and perfume display each scoring 90, bottle display 21, and storage 3. Based on these results, two alternative layouts are proposed that integrate high-priority areas into a unified service zone and position storage separately to minimize unnecessary movement. The redesigned layout is expected to enhance service speed, optimize space utilization, support operational procedures, and strengthen the store’s servicescape. This research contributes practical insights into the application of ERC and TCR methods for small-scale retail operations, particularly in the perfume refill sector, where service efficiency and spatial constraints are critical.

This study examines the influence of transparency and accountability on the performance of public service delivery in Pakpak Bharat Regency. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected through questionnaires administered to residents who accessed public services provided by local government institutions. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM‑PLS) to evaluate the relationships among the studied variables. The findings reveal that both transparency and accountability have a significant positive effect on public service performance, with transparency demonstrating a stronger influence compared to accountability. These results indicate that improving openness in governmental decision‑making processes and strengthening accountability mechanisms in the execution of public duties are essential strategies for enhancing service quality. The study provides practical implications for local governments, emphasizing the need to formulate policies that promote transparent governance and reinforce accountability structures to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of public service delivery. Overall, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on public sector governance by highlighting the critical role of transparency and accountability in improving public service outcomes at the regional level.

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of reconstruction strategies for mental health services in post-conflict regions of the Middle East, based on a meta-synthesis of 87 policies and intervention programs issued between 2010 and 2023. The findings indicate that 73.4 percent of initiatives did not meet their intended targets due to infrastructural limitations, resulting in a service dropout rate of 62.8 percent. The implementation of the Stepped Care Model shows a 47.2 percent improvement in service access (p = 0.001), while the integration of mental health services into primary health care systems increases overall coverage by 56.3 percent (p = 0.001). Task shifting to community health workers enhances efficiency by 38.9 percent (p = 0.01) with a cost-effectiveness ratio of 1 to 2.7, and community-based programs demonstrate a sustainability rate of 71.2 percent compared to 43.5 percent in conventional approaches. These findings build upon the work of Hamamra et al. (2025) and Werner et al. (2023) on post-conflict mental health interventions and show that hybrid models combining formal and informal structures yield better performance, with an effect size (Cohen's d) of 0.82. The main contribution of this study lies in identifying adaptive implementation patterns that align with resource limitations, socio-cultural dynamics, and systemic reconstruction needs in post-conflict settings.

The manual submission of employee complaints often leads to slow handling, disorganized documentation, and limited transparency regarding complaint progress. These issues hinder internal communication and reduce the effectiveness of administrative processes. This study aims to design and implement a Web-Based Employee Complaint Submission System using PHP and the Bootstrap framework to improve efficiency and accuracy in managing complaints. The system supports three main categories of complaints: payroll, occupational safety and health, and work facilities. It also enables employees to track complaint status through request, approved, and rejected indicators. Administrators can manage user accounts and generate official follow-up letters. Implementation results show that the system improves data recording, enhances documentation order, and increases transparency in complaint handling. Overall, the system facilitates more structured, efficient, and traceable communication between employees and management, supporting better corporate governance.