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This study uses a qualitative method to examine legal protection for female workers who experience discrimination in employment relationships. Discrimination against women in the workplace remains prevalent, taking forms such as unequal pay, limited opportunities for promotion, and sexual harassment, all of which affect their safety and comfort at work. Legal protection for female workers is regulated by various laws, including the Manpower Act, the Human Rights Act, and ILO conventions ratified by Indonesia. However, the implementation of these protections is often ineffective due to weak law enforcement, limited awareness among female workers regarding their rights, and the persistence of patriarchal culture. This study aims to analyze the extent to which legal regulations and their implementation function effectively, as well as the obstacles female workers face in claiming their rights. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, literature review, and document analysis. The findings indicate the need to strengthen labor inspection institutions and provide legal education for female workers to achieve justice in employment relationships.  

Independent internship activities are one of the educational strategies that aim to bridge theory with the practice of the world of work. This study aims to describe the implementation of independent internships for students at PT Taman Timur Regensi Surabaya and its contribution to improving students' competence and understanding of the property industry. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of direct observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that internship activities support the improvement of students' technical skills, especially in the fields of project administration, management of legal documents, and understanding of housing development flows. In addition, students' soft skills, such as professional communication, teamwork, and time management, have also experienced significant development. In conclusion, independent internships at PT Taman Timur Regensi are an effective medium to prepare students to face the world of work in the property industry in a more prepared and competent manner.

Working mothers who have babies experience obstacles in breastfeeding due to low knowledge of ASI and how to store it properly. This study aimed to determine the effect of ASI health education on ASI knowledge of working mothers. The research used a quantitative experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population was working mothers who breastfed babies aged 0-6 months in the Kagok Semarang health centre work area. The number of samples was 30 people. The side technique used quota sampling. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Test. The majority of the characteristics of working mothers in this study were aged 26- 30 years (53.6%), parity <3 Births (73.2%), high school education (35.7%), working outside the home (64.3%) and income > UMR (67.9%). Before health education, the knowledge of ASI in working mothers was quite good (16 people or 53.3%). The knowledge of ASI in working mothers after health education was good (20 people or 66.7%). There is an influence of ASI health education on the knowledge of ASI of working mothers (Z = -3.557 and p <0.05). The conclusion is that ASI health education can increase the knowledge of breastfeeding of a working mother.

Digital transformation in health services faces significant challenges, particularly the gap between rapid technological advancements and the readiness of institutional work culture. This study investigates the cultural lag experienced during the implementation of digital systems at the East Nunukan Health Center. Using an observational qualitative approach, it examines health workers' responses to digital applications such as e-Puskesmas and various Health Information Systems. The findings reveal substantial resistance to change, attributed to factors like limited digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, and the persistence of traditional work patterns. Despite the introduction of digital systems, healthcare practices remain largely dependent on manual methods, highlighting the disconnect between technological progress and the socio-cultural preparedness of healthcare organizations. The study concludes that this cultural lag within healthcare institutions can significantly impede the effectiveness of digital transformation efforts. To address these issues, the research advocates for ongoing training, improvement of supporting facilities, and the adoption of strategies that align with local work culture. This research provides valuable insights into the socio-cultural dynamics affecting the digitization of public services, especially in border regions with limited technological access.

Thematic learning at the elementary school level is designed to provide integrated and meaningful learning experiences, aligned with the thinking characteristics of young learners. The success of this approach is strongly influenced by the teacher’s role in designing, implementing, and evaluating the learning process. This study aims to examine in depth how teachers carry out their roles in thematic learning and identify the influencing factors. The research uses a literature review method by analyzing fifteen relevant sources, including academic journals and educational books. The findings show that teachers hold multifaceted roles as facilitators, motivators, instructional designers, and learning assessors. Teachers also play a crucial role in shaping students’ character through the integration of social values within thematic instruction. However, practical implementation still faces challenges such as limited time, administrative workload, and lack of professional training. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of strengthening teachers’ professional competence and institutional support to ensure thematic learning can be implemented effectively and sustainably in elementary schools.

This study aims to analyze the forms of learning difficulties experienced by students in understanding the path independence theorem in the Vector Calculus course. The focus of the research is a group of students who had previously presented this material in class. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing both open- and close-ended questions to explore conceptual understanding, difficulties in distinguishing between conservative and non-conservative fields, and challenges in solving application problems. The analysis revealed that although students reported having a fair grasp of the basic concepts, they still expressed uncertainty in understanding the relationship between path independence and the conditions for conservative fields. Difficulties were also found in spatial visualization and in connecting concepts with the fundamental theorem of calculus. In addition, students showed a preference for worked example problem sets and visual learning media as the most effective learning supports. These findings indicate the need for an interactive, contextual, and visually supported instructional approach to enhance students’ conceptual understanding and application skills related to this topic.

Training and education (diklat) play a significant role in enhancing the professionalism of teachers. In an ever-evolving educational landscape, teachers are required to possess competencies that extend beyond mere mastery of content; they must also demonstrate pedagogical and managerial skills. Through training programs, teachers can access various workshops designed to enrich their knowledge and skills, including innovative teaching methods, the use of technology in learning, and effective assessment strategies. Training also serves as a platform for sharing experiences and best practices among teachers, fostering a supportive learning community. By participating in regular training, teachers can update their knowledge in line with curriculum developments and student needs. Furthermore, training contributes to increased motivation and job satisfaction among teachers, positively impacting their performance in the classroom. Overall, training is a crucial investment in the professional development of teachers, ultimately contributing to the improvement of educational quality and student learning outcomes. Therefore, the role of training in enhancing teacher professionalism cannot be overlooked and should be prioritized in educational policy.

Conflict is a common dynamic within student groups, often arising from differences in background, perspectives, and communication styles. This study aims to analyze the role of communication in resolving group conflicts among students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, 36 active students with group work experience were selected as respondents through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The results indicate that comfort in expressing opinions (61.1%) and willingness to listen (72.2%) are key indicators of effective communication. Nevertheless, 69.4% of respondents reported experiencing conflicts, mostly due to misunderstandings and ineffective communication (77.8%). Open communication, group discussions, and the active role of group leaders were found to significantly facilitate conflict resolution. However, satisfaction with conflict resolution was relatively low, with only 55.6% expressing satisfaction, indicating a need to enhance interpersonal communication skills and leadership roles. This study recommends strengthening a culture of open, honest, and participatory communication as a key to fostering harmonious and productive student group dynamics.

cro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in Indonesia's economy but often face challenges in meeting legal requirements such as Business Identification Numbers (NIB), Household Industry Food Production Permits (PIRT), and Halal Certification. This study aims to analyze the role of Thematic KKN (Community Service Program) students in the Industrial Cluster in enhancing MSME actors' understanding of these legal aspects through entrepreneurship workshops. A case study was conducted on MSMEs in Kayumalue Pajeko Village.The method used was a participatory approach through workshops integrating theory and practice. The results showed that the workshops effectively improved MSME actors' understanding of the procedures for obtaining NIB, PIRT, and Halal Certification. Additionally, the program facilitated MSMEs in initiating the process of managing legal documents independently.Thematic KKN students acted as facilitators, providing direct guidance and assisting in overcoming obstacles such as limited initial knowledge and lack of access to technology. However, challenges such as limited mentoring time and technical barriers were also encountered.In conclusion, the program had a positive impact on MSME development in Kayumalue Pajeko and provided practical experience for students. Recommendations for program development include the need for continuous mentoring, collaboration with the government, and additional training to ensure sustainable outcomes.

The low activity of students in biology learning is the main challenge in efforts to improve the quality of science learning in secondary schools. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the application of the Project Based Learning learning model in increasing student activity and learning outcomes in respiratory system materials at SMA Negeri 2 Langowan. This research is a Class Action Research that is carried out in two cycles, each of which includes stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were 13 students in grade XI. The instruments used include student activity observation sheets and the final test of the cycle based on description questions. The results showed that in the first cycle, only 38.46% of students achieved learning completeness with an average score of 60. However, after improving the strategy in cycle II through active mentoring, learning motivation, and strengthening group work, completeness increased to 92.30% with an average score of 84.69. These findings indicate that the Project Based Learning learning model is able to build student activeness through contextual, collaborative, and hands-on experience-based learning. The increase in activeness is reflected not only in test results, but also in students' active participation in discussions, group presentations, and project completion. The implications of this study show that Project Based Learning is feasible to be implemented as an innovative learning strategy to improve the quality of student interaction and engagement in biology learning on an ongoing basis.

This study aims to analyze the process of planning, recruitment, and placement of Human Resources (HR) at Saudara Jaya Tofu Factory. The availability of quality HR is a crucial factor in supporting operational effectiveness and achieving organizational goals, especially in small-scale manufacturing industries such as tofu factories. The research methods used are in-depth interviews with owners/managers and key employees, and direct observation of daily activities related to HR management in the factory environment. The results of the study indicate that the HR planning process at Saudara Jaya Tofu Factory tends to be informal and based on immediate needs, not long-term projections. Recruitment is mostly done through recommendations from existing employees or word of mouth in the surrounding environment, with selection criteria that focus on work experience and willingness to learn. Employee placement is done flexibly, adjusting to daily production needs and observed individual abilities. Nevertheless, it was found that this informal approach was quite effective in meeting the operational needs of Saudara Jaya Tofu Factory, considering the relatively simple scale of the business and characteristics of the work.

The development of contemporary church music, as part of the dynamic life of Christian worship, has sparked various responses—both as a relevant cultural expression and as a potential theological deviation. Music that adopts popular styles and emotionally expressive forms is often considered effective in engaging younger generations, yet it also raises concerns about shifting the focus of worship from God to human experience. This article aims to theologically examine the presence of contemporary church music in light of biblical principles of Christian worship. The method used is a descriptive qualitative literature study, drawing from theological works and research published within the last five years. The findings show that although contemporary music can serve as an effective means of fostering congregational spirituality, it must be theologically tested to ensure that musical expression does not obscure the Christ-centered essence of worship. Therefore, the church is called to integrate contemporary music into liturgy with discernment and theological responsibility.

Background Back : Development motor fine is one of the aspect important in grow flower child age preschool that plays a role in support readiness learning and activities everyday . However , it is not all child experience optimal development so required proper stimulation . One of the methods that can used is exercise brain (brain gym), namely a series movement simple with purpose optimize function brain . Purpose Research : Research This aim For know effectiveness of Brain Gym on development motor smooth on children ages 3–5 years in the work area Subdistrict Batam City. Research methods​ This use pre- experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest approach . Sample A total of 31 children were taken use total sampling technique . Measurement development motor fine done using KPSP before and after intervention . Data analysis was carried out with paired sample t-test. Results: Research results show existence improvement development motor fine after given brain gym intervention . Before intervention , partly big child is in the category development doubtful (64.5%), whereas after intervention all over children (100%) are in the category in accordance development . Statistical test results show p -value = 0.000 (<0.05), which means there is influence significant effect of brain gym on development motor fine child . Conclusion: research This show that Brain Gym is effective in increase development motor fine child age preschool . Therefore that , Brain Gym can recommended as method stimulation development children in the neighborhood education and public.

This study aims to analyze the effect of barista service quality on guest satisfaction at the Neo Dipatiukur Hotel Bandung, a hotel café will be successful when a barista shows the best service to hotel guests, this attitude has a major influence on the success of a hotel in the field of hotel beverages. The research method that will be used is through interviews and observations. Participation in this study consisted of hotel guests, baristas, and related hotel industries. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysis techniques. The focus of the study includes the values of barista service quality, such as the technical skills of a barista in mixing a drink and serving it, grooming which is intended as looking attractive and dressing politely, the whether a barista at the Neo bandung hotel has worked following the SOP (standard operational Procedure) in the Hotel, then the friendly attitude carried out by a barista by implementing 3 s namely (smile, greet, peace), as well as communication skills and propessionalism carried out. The results of the study showed that the quality of barista service had a significant effect on guest satisfaction. The implication of thisstudy is the importance training for baristas to ensure optimal service standards to improve guest experience at Hotel Neo Dipati Ukur Bandung.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the Indonesian economy, playing a role not only in job creation but also in maintaining national economic stability. However, amidst the rapid development of the digital era, MSMEs face significant challenges in adopting technology to expand market reach and increase the competitiveness of local products. This research seeks to identify and develop simple innovations in designing effective digital promotional content, with a case study of the Alisa Khadijah Community of the ICMI South Tambun Branch. The analysis focuses on the actual conditions of MSMEs, the application of simple innovations in business processes and products, and digital promotional strategies that suit the characteristics of modern consumers. Through surveys and observations, it was found that the use of quality visuals, interactive elements, narrative storytelling, and internal collaboration can have a positive impact on increasing consumer visibility and engagement. The results show that most MSMEs that implement this content strategy experience a significant increase in digital interactions and product sales in a relatively short time. Furthermore, collaboration with the Cooperatives & MSMEs Office and educational institutions is a crucial factor in accelerating digital transformation, as it can provide access to technical assistance and training. Based on these findings, this study recommends the formation of innovation teams at the community level, the holding of ongoing workshops, and the development of collaborative platforms to share best practices and develop business networks. With the right approach, MSMEs can not only adapt to the digital era but also have the potential to expand their business scale and increase their competitiveness in the global market, thereby further strengthening their contribution to the Indonesian economy. This study recommends the formation of innovation teams within communities, practical workshops, and the development of collaborative platforms to increase MSME competitiveness in the digital market.

The lontar leaf stitching home industry is a micro-enterprise that produces various types of crafts made from lontar leaves, commonly used in traditional and religious ceremonies. This industry plays a significant role in the local economy and cultural preservation. The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the simultaneous effect of capital, raw materials, working hours, and business duration on the income of lontar leaf stitching home industries in Sibetan Village, Karangasem Regency; and (2) to analyze the partial effect of capital, raw materials, working hours, and business duration on the income of these industries. The population of the study consists of all 50 lontar leaf stitching home industries in Sibetan Village. A saturated sampling technique was used, meaning the entire population was taken as the sample. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 26. The results show that capital, raw materials, working hours, and business duration simultaneously have a significant effect on income, accounting for 96.8 percent of the variance. Partially, each of these variables also has a positive and significant effect on income. It is recommended that artisans manage their capital efficiently—including utilizing financing from village credit institutions (LPDs)—select quality raw materials, optimize working hours, and leverage business experience through support from village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) to expand marketing and increase income.

Technological literacy among high school mathematics teachers is a crucial aspect in realizing creative, interactive, and relevant learning to meet the demands of the 21st century. However, the reality on the ground shows that most mathematics teachers still have limited experience in improving technological literacy, particularly in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a learning support medium. This condition has implications for low innovation in the mathematics learning process. This community service activity aims to optimize the use of AI, specifically Generative-AI technology, in supporting mathematics learning in high schools. The target group is members of the High School Mathematics Subject Teachers' Conference (MGMP) throughout Grobogan Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The implementation method includes workshops, interactive discussions, hands-on practice, and mentoring in the development of AI-based mathematics teaching materials, assessments, and learning media. The training materials include an introduction to the basic concepts of Generative-AI, effective prompting techniques, and practice using various AI applications to produce interactive and contextual teaching materials. Evaluation results showed that all training participants agreed or strongly agreed that this activity successfully improved their understanding of the basic concepts of Generative AI and their skills in operating AI applications for mathematics learning. Participants also reported increased confidence in integrating AI technology into their teaching practices, as well as gaining various relevant practical ideas for classroom implementation. High enthusiasm was evident in the 100% commitment of participants who expressed their readiness to implement AI technology in mathematics learning. Thus, this training not only contributed to improving teachers' technological literacy but also became a strategic step in encouraging innovative and adaptive transformation of mathematics learning in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the impact of overtime work on physical and mental fatigue of the crew of the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya, by identifying the causal factors and consequences that may arise due to additional working hours. In this study, the researcher will apply a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. This research was conducted by the author on the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya owned by PT Pelayaran Manalagi which is a subsidiary of PT Salam Pacific Indonesia Lines, with the ship call sign "YBTL2" and a total load capacity of 52201 MT. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. Testing the validity of this research data used source triangulation, technical triangulation, and time triangulation. Based on the results of the study, it explains that the Overtime Pattern: The crew of the MV ship. Manalagi Tisya experienced an average of 4.5 hours of overtime per day, with the Engine Department experiencing the highest overtime (an average of 5.2 hours). Overtime most often occurs during loading and unloading at the port (35%) and when facing bad weather (27%), Physical Impact: Continuous overtime causes significant physical impacts in the form of sleep disturbances (80%), back and waist pain (70%), and muscle pain (60%), Mental Impact: As many as 85% of crew experience moderate to severe mental fatigue due to overtime, with the main symptoms being difficulty concentrating (75%), irritability (65%), and decreased decision-making ability (60%). Safety: There is a strong positive correlation (r = 0.82) between the duration of overtime and the frequency of safety incidents. The risk of incidents increases by 28% for every additional 2 hours of overtime, Work Performance: Overtime has an impact on decreased work performance, especially in problem-solving skills (45%), compliance with procedures (41%), and effective communication (37%), Overtime Management: The most effective overtime management strategies are task rotation and fatigue management training, but their implementation is still not optimal. Limited number of personnel and operational demands are the main obstacles in minimizing overtime, Regulatory Compliance: Average working hours of MV ship crew. Keywords: Overtime Work, Physical Fatigue, Mental Crew.

The video feature Berdaya, Berkarya, Bermakna bagi Disabilitas aims to highlight the potential and creative works of children with disabilities at the Our Dream Indonesia Foundation through a mise-en-scène approach that enhances both visual and emotional narratives. This writing is motivated by the urgency of promoting the economic and social empowerment of persons with disabilities and the need to challenge prevailing stigmas through mass media. The 11-minute video feature integrates cinematography, set design, costume and makeup, and lighting to construct an engaging and informative storytelling experience. The objective of this study is to explain the production process of creating a visual work using mise-en-scène elements, which includes three key stages: pre-production (research, field observation, storyline development, storyboard creation, and technical preparation), production (filming using cinematographic techniques), and post-production (editing and visual refinement). The findings indicate that the comprehensive application of mise-en-scène successfully reinforces the message of inclusivity. For example, the use of cinematographic techniques contributes to the visual aesthetics; the set design of Toko Amis Budi shows the works of children with disabilities; the makeup and costume choices reflect the personalities of the featured subjects; and the lighting enhances the emotional tone of each scene. In conclusion, this work affirms that mise-en-scène not only enriches the visual appeal but also deepens the emotional impact, transforming facts into inspiring stories and raising public awareness of the importance of expressive spaces for individuals with disabilities. This video serves as an effective medium to advocate for equal rights and the recognition of the abilities of persons with disabilities.

Banjarsari Sub-district is one of the government agencies that has duties and functions in supporting public services, especially population administration services. To realize maximum service, Banjarsari Sub-district presents the “Mlebu Peteng” innovation, namely administrative services at night as a form of adaptation to the needs of people who have limited time during regular working hours. This innovation is an effort to improve service quality by expanding community access to public services. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of the “Mlebu Peteng” night service at the Surakarta City Banjarsari Sub-district Office and the obstacles experienced during the service process. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the “Mlebu Peteng” innovation has helped the community in obtaining services outside working hours, with the level of community satisfaction reaching 91.77% in 2024. Based on George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory, the success of this innovation is supported by effective communication, adequate resources, positive disposition of officers, and a clear bureaucratic structure. However, there are several obstacles such as the lack of budget for officer incentives, uneven understanding of technology among staff, limited KTP-el recording services and SOPs that do not include mechanisms for handling technical complaints.