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Learning strategies are approaches or methods used to teach and help students understand subject matter more effectively. Learning is the main key in Education, of course the use of the right strategy will have a positive impact on the development of learning and understanding of students.success in Education is certainly the main concern of all of us, In this study will discuss the differentiation learning strategy where this differentiation learning strategy is a learning model where educators provide an approach that allows overcoming learning difficulties faced by students.

This research aims to improve reading literacy using Antonin board media in class 2 of SDS NU Kencong in the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used is to carry out community service through 5 stages, namely observation, formulating problems, creating materials, carrying out counseling and evaluation. As a result of the counseling using antonym board media, students became active and enthusiastic in participating in learning, but there were some students who had difficulty reading due to their lack of familiarity with reading. This antonym board media makes the learning process fun and interesting. This is an innovation to increase students' interest in reading literacy. In the future, it is hoped that there will be further innovation regarding learning media with the target of teachers being able to help students enjoy reading.

In the 2013 curriculum there are various learning materials that can be implemented by students as a means of physical activity, one of which is shooting free throw, in this material students have difficulty in understanding and lack of skill in implementation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the explicit instruction model on shooting free throw learning outcomes. The type of research used is a pre-experiment with a one group pretest posttest design. The research sample was selected using cluster random sampling technique, consisting of 32 students of class VI-D SDN Rungkut Menanggal I/582 Surabaya. The research instrument used was a learning outcome test, which included a knowledge test in the form of 10 multiple choice questions, and a skill test in the form of 10x free throw shooting. Through the results of the Wilcoxon test and the results of the percentage increase, the knowledge showed a p-Value of 0.00 (sig <0.05) with an increase of 62.83%. Process-oriented skills show p-Value 0.00 (sig < 0.05) with an increase of 231%. Meanwhile, product-oriented skills showed a p-Value of 0.80 (sig ≥ 0.05). The results showed that the application of the explicit instruction model had an effect on the learning outcomes of free throw shooting in the aspects of knowledge and process-oriented skills, but had no effect on the aspects of product-oriented skills.

Learning is a process of change for each individual, both in knowledge and attitudes. Every individual after learning will experience changes in their life. When studying at school, teachers only tend to teach students to memorize, read and calculate. Teachers have an important task in the learning process in class to improve students' learning abilities and understanding of the material provided. Based on observations made by the author, at SD N Pajang 3 teachers tend to be monotonous and use the same learning methods every day so that students quickly get bored and have difficulty understanding the material, especially in mathematics lessons. Based on the researcher's observations during the learning process in class 3, especially in mathematics, it was proven that many students did not understand so that based on test scores students got a score of 60. This research uses a qualitative approach which aims to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of class 3 students at SD N Pajang 3 before and after carrying out learning using concrete media. This research was conducted descriptively, namely by providing a pretest and posttest. Based on the results of this research, it was concluded that the use of concrete media had a positive impact and was effectively used in improving students' addition skills.

The aim of this research is 1) to find out what assessments are used in science subjects at Riigi Algkooli 105292 Bandar Klippa, Percut Sei Tuan District, Class V, 2) to analyze the quality of assessment tools according to the rules. reliability and competence. Class V Science Exam Difficulties and Different Advantages of SD Negeri 105292 Bandar Klippa, Percut Sei Tuan District. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, namely. description of phenomena that occur in reality. All subjects were class V students at SD 105292 Bandar Klippa. As a primary data source, data sources are obtained from teachers and students, and as secondary data sources, documentation and questionnaires. Data was collected through observation, questionnaires and tests. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out using validation tests, test reliability, difficulty and distinguishing power. Validation was carried out by the researchers themselves and the validation expert group. Based on the results of observations, it is known that the question format used by teachers in evaluating scientific learning is multiple choice questions consisting of 15 questions, filler questions consisting of 10 numbers, and descriptive questions consisting of 10 questions. 15 questions. of 5 questions. The results of the validation test show that not all multiple choice questions are valid, only 4 out of 15 questions are valid. The form has 5 valid questions and all descriptive questions are recognized as valid. Expert validation also showed that of the 4 experts, only 1 expert showed that the results were quite valid, 3 validation experts showed that the questions were less valid. The reliability test shows that the multiple choice questions are not reliable, while the fill-in-the-blank and description questions are considered reliable. The difficulty level test shows that multiple choice questions have 3 categories of difficulty, namely hard, medium and easy questions, while for questions that can be filled in and are descriptive, only 2 categories of difficulty are found, namely. intermediate questions and easy questions. Finally, the differential power test shows that multiple choice questions have 4 different power categories, namely poor, sufficient, good, and very good. Meanwhile, there were excellent results on questions about filling in and describing different styles.

The aim of this research is 1) to find out what assessments are used in science subjects at Riigi Algkooli 105292 Bandar Klippa, Percut Sei Tuan District, Class V, 2) to analyze the quality of assessment tools according to the rules. reliability and competence. Class V Science Exam Difficulties and Different Advantages of SD Negeri 105292 Bandar Klippa, Percut Sei Tuan District. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, namely. description of phenomena that occur in reality. All subjects were class V students at SD 105292 Bandar Klippa. As a primary data source, data sources are obtained from teachers and students, and as secondary data sources, documentation and questionnaires. Data was collected through observation, questionnaires and tests. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out using validation tests, test reliability, difficulty and distinguishing power. Validation was carried out by the researchers themselves and the validation expert group. Based on the results of observations, it is known that the question format used by teachers in evaluating scientific learning is multiple choice questions consisting of 15 questions, filler questions consisting of 10 numbers, and descriptive questions consisting of 10 questions. 15 questions. of 5 questions. The results of the validation test show that not all multiple choice questions are valid, only 4 out of 15 questions are valid. The form has 5 valid questions and all descriptive questions are recognized as valid. Expert validation also showed that of the 4 experts, only 1 expert showed that the results were quite valid, 3 validation experts showed that the questions were less valid. The reliability test shows that the multiple choice questions are not reliable, while the fill-in-the-blank and description questions are considered reliable. The difficulty level test shows that multiple choice questions have 3 categories of difficulty, namely hard, medium and easy questions, while for questions that can be filled in and are descriptive, only 2 categories of difficulty are found, namely. intermediate questions and easy questions. Finally, the differential power test shows that multiple choice questions have 4 different power categories, namely poor, sufficient, good, and very good. Meanwhile, there were excellent results on questions about filling in and describing different styles.

Self-efficacy and learning difficulties are the basis of this study. The purpose of this study is to look for the relationship between self-efficacy and learning difficulties of Shiva Class XII Social Studies SMA Negeri 1 Juwana.      In this study the method used is quantitative with a correlational type of research, the population in this study is as much as 150. The sample of this study was 124 students who were determined by saturated sampling techniques. The data collection technique used the Self-efficacy scale and the Learning difficulties scale.Based on the correlation test, a sig value is obtained. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, then the hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and learning difficulties in students Kels XII IPS SMA Negeri 1 Juwana. With a correlation level if viewed from the Pearson Correlation value of 0.657 which means the correlation level is moderate. Based on the F count of 92,879 with a significance level of 0.000, where the result can be interpreted as less than 0.5, it can be concluded that there is an influence between variable X (self-efficacy) and variable Y (learning difficulties) with a percentage of 43.2%.The relationship between self-efficacy and learning difficulties possessed by students is caused by the lack of self-confidence of students in subjects. The acquisition in this study can be said that if the self-efficacy of students is low, the level of difficulty experienced is higher, then vice versa if the self-efficacy of students is high, the lower the learning difficulties experienced by students.

The author's background in taking this problem is because reading ability is one of the most important parts of the learning process in continuing students' academic levels in the future. This research shows the following results (1) Students in grades 4, 5, and 6 have different reading learning abilities in each class. (2) The teaching and learning process for students in grades 4, 5, and 6 who have difficulty learning to read differs depending on the teaching method and the actions taken by the teacher in the classroom. (3) Supporting and inhibiting factors for students at teaching campus 6 in overcoming difficulties in learning to read for students in grades 4, 5 and 6 at SDN Sumbersalak 02. The problems that students have are also different and the same among other students. (4) Efforts for students to teach. 6 to overcome students' difficulties in learning to read.

the main problem in this study is how the learning difficulties of children doing tutoring for Grade II students have difficulty reading in UPT SPF SD Negeri Mannuruki Kec.Tamalate Makassar City. This study aims to know the difficulty of the implementation of learning to Read Indonesian language learning students UPT SPF SD Negeri mannuruki Kec. Tamalate Makassar City. This type of research is a qualitative study to describe the implementation of the difficulty of learning to read students in Indonesian learning class II UPT SPF SD Negeri Mannuruki. The research procedure includes a sample of students in this study were second grade students with a total of 27 students. Data collection techniques were conducted by interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The collected Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results of qualitative research showed that the results of the test data analysis of reading learning difficulties obtained through the rubric of student learning difficulties in reading ability that there are 2 students (15%) who have difficulty reading while (84%) who do not have difficulty reading.in general, the factors that become learning difficulties for Class II students of UPT SPF SD Negeri Mannuruki in Reading are classified into two factors, namely factors contained within the student or externally. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the factors causing the difficulty of Grade II students UPT SPF SD Negeri Mannuruki in reading difficulties are: physical factors, physicological, socio-economic factors and factors that are not appropriate education providers

Al-Qur'an education in Indonesia, as a majority Muslim community, should receive primary attention. However, the reality on the ground shows that Al-Qur'an teaching does not receive adequate time allocation in the curriculum, causing many students to have difficulty reading and writing the Qur'an. The Al-Qur'an Reading and Writing (BTQ) program using the tahsin tutoring method is a solution with a significant impact that can be felt. This research uses the PAR (Participatory Action Research) research method, which is defined as researchers participating and taking action directly in community service activities. This research is a Community Service Activity which aims to help students and teachers at SDN Wanawali overcome the problem of learning the Al-Qur'an. Using the Tahsin Tutoring method, as part of the Al-Qur'an Reading and Writing Program. This research includes the stages of location survey, observation, planning, implementation and evaluation. The subjects of this research were students in grades 5 and 6 of SDN Wanawali, Cibatu District, Purwakarta Regency, starting on 16 – 23 February 2024. The research results showed that Tahsin Tutoring activities succeeded in increasing students' enthusiasm in learning to read, write and memorize the Al-Qur'an. The Iqra book sorogan method, short surah reading tests, and memorization quizzes provide an interactive and interesting learning experience. Grade 5 and 6 students showed improvements in Al-Qur'an skills, while PAIBP teachers at SDN Wanawali became more creative in delivering learning material.

This research aims to describe the application of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model in improving the learning outcomes of class XI-4 students at SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya, especially on the subject of vectors. The background to this research is strengthened by the fact that motivation to learn mathematics tends to be low, especially when studying complex material such as vectors. This is supported by initial observations which show that students often have difficulty understanding these concepts, which is reflected in the low learning outcomes, with a percentage of only 73%, and classical completeness of only 40%. This research is classroom action research carried out in two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 36 students. Data is collected through tests and observations. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques. The results in cycle 1 showed a significant improvement, with learning outcomes reaching 97% and classical completion increasing to 94%. In cycle 2, learning outcomes reached 98% and classical completion reached 100%. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the STAD learning model is effective in improving the learning outcomes of class XI-4 students at SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya.        

The solar system is one of the materials from natural science lessons taught in elementary school. However, many students have difficulty understanding and memorizing material about the solar system because of the many different characteristics of each planet. This happens because of the limited learning media provided by the teacher when introducing parts of the solar system.  The delivery of material to students must be with a fun method so that students are not easily bored and easy to understand every side of learning. games have great potential in educating children about the solar system, of course, using games that are fun and fun will be more effective for children to absorb all the information contained in the games they play. The design of this game uses the Design Thimgking method, so it can be concluded that this design is a problem originating from a sense of empathy, the need for a solution to an existing problem, then continue to test for improvement. Then the game is created as the main media, then accompanied by other supporting media such as Posters, X-Banners, Game Cards, Stickers, Keychain, and Pins.

The purpose of this study is to describe the poetry writing ability of grade VIII MTs students of Sorong City. The low ability to write poetry is caused by learning to write poetry that has not been carried out properly so that grade VIII students have difficulty when asked to write poetry.Therefore, the necessary learning strategies and instructional media fun and appropriate. To overcome these problems ARCS Metode and media images of events contained in the newspaper in teaching poetry writing class VIII MTs Sorong  Affairs. The research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation and reflection. The results of this study indicate the existence of a process of learning, improvement, and change behavior in a positive direction.

This research was motivated by students' lack of understanding of concepts in science learning taught in grade V SDN Kedai Runding, South Kluet District, South Aceh. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of students' understanding of improving concepts in science through the Problem Based Learning Model. The difficulty of students in understanding concepts is indicated by the inability to understand concepts, give examples, explain and conclude the subject matter. The research method used is the method proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart, namely Classroom Action Research. The study was conducted in two cycles with 9 students consisting of 3 male students and 6 female students. The average evaluation test score of students in understanding concepts in cycle I is 60% and increases in cycle II to 88%.Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning model is effective in increasing students' understanding of the concepts in science taught to grade V students of SDN Kedai Runding.

The aim of the research is to find out the problems faced by PAI teachers in implementing the independent curriculum, as well as to find out what solutions PAI teachers use to overcome the problems faced in learning Islamic Religious Education in the independent curriculum at vocational schools. Negeri 1 Tanjung Raya. To achieve the above objectives, a descriptive qualitative research approach was used with a case study type approach, based on the problem formulation, objectives and benefits of the research. The key instrument is the PAI teacher and the supporting informants are the school principal and head of curriculum at SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Raya. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. After that the data was analyzed by source triangulation, namely by comparing the results of the interview with the data obtained. The results of the research show that the problems experienced by PAI teachers are: (1) difficulty changing old habits and thought patterns because they are used to the 2013 Curriculum. (2) Lack of teacher readiness in differentiated learning is influenced by limited references. (3) there is no awareness of students to play an active and creative role. (4) limited learning support facilities. Solutions implemented by teachers include: attending workshops, seminars and training related to the Independent Curriculum, sharing experiences with other teachers, and providing motivation for students to be active and creative in learning.

Students have difficulty designing or writing manuscripts that will be published in accredited national journals. The purpose of this service is to provide solutions with training and mentoring activities for female students who will or are writing accredited scientific journal manuscripts by utilizing Chat GPT management both theoretically and practically. The action learning method, which consists of several stages starting with preparation, implementation, and evaluation, is the method used in this service, which is carried out face-to-face. The results of this service have a very significant impact on female students in making national journal manuscripts, starting from making titles to pamphlets with Chat GPT management. This can be seen from the test results before and after the training

The inability to learn to read is a problem that results in a student being unable to follow the learning process properly and unable to achieve the expected learning goals. The four basic skills that students must have when studying in elementary schools in Indonesia are listening, speaking, reading and writing. The purpose of writing this paper is to determine and analyze the difficulties of learning to read students in learning Indonesian in class V SD 5 Kaarangbener. This article is the result of an analysis of literature related to the topic of discussion. The model used is a literature survey or literature review. The results of this research show that most students still do not understand when the teacher provides Indonesian language material. There are several factors that cause students to have difficulty learning Indonesian. Based on these results, it can be concluded that class V students at SD 5 Karangbener still have difficulty reading when learning Indonesian.

This research is specifically to find out how the principal's leadership in improving teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam, the factors that can influence and factors that can improve teacher performance, are expected. By knowing all that, some suggestions can be given that can be taken into consideration for school principals, especially in improving the performance of teachers in their schools. The essence of the principal's leadership is aimed at guiding and fostering teachers to become professional teachers and have achievements and performance and teaching skills. The teacher is the most decisive component in the education system as a whole, which must receive central attention. This figure will always be a strategic spotlight when talking about education issues, because teachers are always associated with any component in the education system, especially in relation to the teaching and learning process. With a professional teacher, a further goal, namely improving student learning outcomes will be achieved. It is the principal's duty as a leader to assist teachers in improving teacher professionalism and performance. While there are still many teachers who in carrying out learning activities have not met expectations. Therefore, the author needs to examine the pattern of Principal Leadership in an effort to improve teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam. From the results of the study it was stated that the principal's leadership was considered good, but had not had a positive impact on improving teacher performance at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam While the performance of teachers at SD Islam Integral Luqman Al Hakim 02 Batam is considered good, but has not run optimally as expected, this is due to the lack of teacher ability in preparing learning tools, especially Learning Implementation Plans, inadequate school facilities and infrastructure, and also the difficulties of teachers in creating educational interactions between students and teachers, as well as the difficulty of creating a conducive classroom. However, at the level of evaluation/assessment of learning outcomes, the average teacher has implemented it well and added remedial and enrichment programs

This research aims to determine the application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters for class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati. Based on the results of observations, there is a problem with class VII students at SMPN 1 Gunungwungkal Pati, namely that students still have difficulty using the right words and writing a message on personal letter writing material, because the learning model used by the teacher is not appropriate. This research uses mixed methods. Data collection was carried out using test and non-test techniques. The test technique is in the form of working on personal letter writing test questions, and the non-test technique is in the form of observation and questionnaires. Based on the research results, before implementing the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model in learning to write personal letters, teachers still used Discovery Based Learning techniques for the learning process of writing personal letters and only used Indonesian language textbooks as learning support materials. The application of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) model has proven that students are more active during learning. The (CIRC) model also makes students more enthusiastic and makes it easier for students to understand the material for writing personal letters.  

The development of technology is currently increasingly rapidly providing convenience and benefits for humans, one example of technology that provides entertainment benefits is online games. However, online game addiction is one of several forms of addiction caused by technological developments, one of which is the internet or better known as internet addictive disorder. The objectives of this research are: 1) Analyzing online game addiction experienced by students IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. 2) Analyze the learning achievements experienced by IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon students. 3) Analyzing the influence of online games on the learning achievement of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Ciebon students. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique applied in the research was interviewing 5 students and distributing questionnaires which were filled in by 15 students. The results of this study show 1) Most respondents (50%) had difficulty stopping playing online games, while 33.3% admitted that they had fairly good control but still felt interested in continuing to play. 2) Effective learning can help pupils and students to achieve learning goals. 3) It can be concluded that 37.5% stated that they do not like playing online games, because they have a very bad effect on learning. In the same percentage, 37.5% stated that they did not agree with online games, but did not provide clear reasons. It can be concluded that the research shows that the majority of respondents have difficulty stopping playing online games, while effective learning can help achieve learning goals, and around 37.5% of respondents stated that they do not like or disagree with online games because they have a bad effect on learning, although some of them they didn't give a clear reason.