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Body shaming represents a global issue shaped by social constructions and media portrayals of the human body. Individuals who experience body shaming often feel humiliated and intimidated, leading to low self-image and diminished gratitude for their bodies. This study aimed to examine the effect of body shaming education on adolescents’ knowledge levels at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The population included all 41 male and female seventh-grade students, selected through total sampling. Researchers used a validated knowledge questionnaire delivered through a PowerPoint presentation as the data collection instrument. Data analysis applied the Wilcoxon test. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of body shaming education on the level of knowledge of adolescents at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen with a p-value of 0.000 because it is less than 0.05. The suggestion that will be put forward is that it is hoped that all adolescents can increase their understanding of body shaming, to find out the level of knowledge about body shaming in adolescents who are given intervention, and awareness of the impact of body shaming and handling of body shaming in adolescents at SMP Futuhiyah Mranggen, adolescents who are given education related to body shaming and surrounding adolescents.

The contemporary digital era has triggered the normalization of pornography and promiscuous sexual behavior, which significantly threatens the theological understanding and sacramental practice of Catholic marriage among young adults. This article aims to examine, from a theological-juridical perspective, how canons 1055–1101 of the Code of Canon Law (CIC) serve as the authoritative foundation for the Church in safeguarding the dignity and validity of the sacrament of marriage. The method employed is a comprehensive literature study of the CIC, relevant magisterial documents of the Church, and contemporary scholarly works on the dynamics of young adult relationships. The concise findings indicate that exposure to and normalization of pornography directly weaken three fundamental aspects of Catholic marriage, namely the capacity to give free consent, the intention to practice permanent fidelity, and the correct understanding of the body’s meaning as a total self-gift. Nevertheless, the Church possesses solid canonical and pastoral instruments to address these challenges and facilitate restoration. In conclusion, a synergistic integration of canonical approaches, moral teachings, and pastoral guidance is required to assist young adult couples so that they may realize marriages that are not only canonically valid but also psychologically mature and sacramentally holy.

Background: A balanced diet is essential for maintaining health and nutritional status, commonly assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI). Dietary habits are influenced not only by physiological needs but also by psychological factors such as Body Image perception. Unrealistic perceptions of one’s body can lead to unhealthy eating behaviors and negatively impact nutritional status. Patisserie students, who are frequently exposed to high-calorie foods, may be particularly vulnerable to such challenges. Objective:  This study aims to examine the influence of Body Image perception on dietary patterns and BMI among patisserie students at the Medan Tourism Polytechnic. Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach to 60 students of Medan Tourism Polytechnic. Body Image and eating pattern data were collected using a questionnaire, while BMI was obtained by measuring the weight and height of the subjects. Result: The data obtained were analyzed using the Chi-square Test. Based on the results of the analysis, a relationship was found between Body Image and eating patterns with a value of p = 0.006 (P < 0.05). However, there was no relationship between Body Image and BMI with a value of p = 0.391 (P> 0.05). Consclusion: There is a relationship between Body Image and eating patterns but there is no relationship between Body Image and BMI.

Gout can be triggered by several interconnected factors, such as genetic predisposition, family history, obesity, hypertension, heart disease, age, being overweight, and insufficient fluid intake. Recommended exercises for gout sufferers include regular exercise, stretching, and gymnastics. Ergonomic exercise is important for lowering uric acid, especially among elderly people with hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia is a condition where blood uric acid levels are elevated. This study aims to determine whether ergonomic exercise lowers uric acid levels in the elderly at the Peukan Bada Public Health Center. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample included all 17 elderly with gout, selected using the total sampling method. Uric acid was measured using a Uric Acid measuring device. Data were analyzed using the Paired t-test. The results showed a p-value of 0.000. This proves ergonomic exercise affects uric acid levels in the elderly at the Peukan Bada Public Health Center. In conclusion, ergonomic exercise influences uric acid levels in the elderly at the Peukan Bada Public Health Center. Patients should regularly perform ergonomic exercises, using correct movements and staying within their physical abilities. Ergonomic exercises can be done 3-4 times a week to improve metabolism, maintain joint flexibility, and reduce uric acid in the body.

Pre-menopause is a transitional phase before menopause characterized by physiological and psychological changes, including physical changes of body shape. These changes often trigger anxiety, especially when body image is perceived negatively. This study aims to determine the relationship between body image and anxiety levels in premenopausal women in Dham Ceukok Village, Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar, 2025. This research used a quantitative method with a cross- sectional design. The population consisted of all women aged 40–50 years in Dham Ceukok Village, totaling 35 women, chosen using a total sampling technique. The instruments used were a body image questionnaire and an anxiety level questionnaire based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. The study was conducted from May 5 to May 10, 2025. The results showed a significant relationship between body image and anxiety among premenopausal women in Dham Ceukok Village, with a value of 0.035 (p < 0.05). The results indicate that there is a relationship between body image and anxiety in premenopausal women in Dham Ceukok Village, Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar District. It is recommended that health workers collaborate with the village to be more active in providing counseling or educational activities to maintain physical and mental health, especially for women in the premenopausal stage.

Background: Hyperthermia happened due to the failure of thermoregulatory mechanisms. This condition is particularly dangerous in children because it may cause dehydration, seizures, impaired consciousness, and even damage to vital organs. Data from Riskesdas (2023) show that the highest prevalence of hyperthermia occurred in the 5–14 age group, at 1.9%. Parents, as the primary caregivers, play an essential role in the early detection and management of hyperthermia; therefore, their level of knowledge needs to be examined. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the level of parental knowledge regarding the management of hyperthermia in children aged 8–12 years in Gianyar. Methods: This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with a total sampling technique. The sample consisted of 51 parents who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing 10 items on the definition of hyperthermia, methods of measuring body temperature, signs and symptoms, and management practices. The data descriptively analyzed by using  the SPSS 25 version. Result: The results showed that most respondents were aged 36–45 years (45.1%), female (54.9%), had completed senior high school education (41.2%), and were employed in the private sector (37.3%). The majority of parents’ knowledge regarding hyperthermia management in children was categorized as good (22 respondents, 43.1%), followed by fair (18 respondents, 35.3%), and poor (11 respondents, 21.6%). Conclusion: The findings indicate that most parents possess good knowledge regarding hyperthermia management; however, a portion still requires improved understanding through health education.

This study examines the urgency of reforming law enforcement institutions in handling child offenders in Indonesia. The enactment of Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System for Children (SPPA) marked a paradigm shift from retributive justice to restorative justice. However, its implementation has not been optimal because law enforcement institutions are still sectoral and not integrated. This study uses a normative juridical approach with empirical juridical support to analyse the conformity of legal norms with institutional practices. Data were obtained from legislation, scientific literature, and interviews with law enforcement officials and child protection practitioners. The results show that the implementation of diversion is still low due to weak coordination between institutions, limited human resources, and the absence of an integrated institutional mechanism. Institutional reform is needed to strengthen synergy between institutions, foster a humanistic mindset among officials, and ensure child protection in accordance with the principles of restorative justice. This study recommends the establishment of a permanent coordination body between child law enforcement agencies and ongoing training for officials. Institutional reform is seen as a strategic step towards realising a juvenile justice system that is not only normative but also substantively fair and restorative.

Work activities in workshops often require static and repetitive body positions, such as bending over, lifting heavy loads, or reaching into narrow areas of vehicles. These habits can gradually cause muscle tension and lead to neck and lower back pain. Given the high risk, physiotherapy counseling on occupational safety and health (OSH) and ergonomics was conducted to provide practical understanding to B-Garage, Batu City workshop workers. The counseling was delivered interactively through material presentations, direct discussions, and demonstrations of stretching exercises that can be easily applied in daily activities. The results of the activity showed a very significant increase in knowledge; participants who initially did not understand the principles of ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain prevention were able to identify work risks and practice stretching exercises correctly after the education session. This change was clearly evident from the post-test results, which showed a significant overall improvement compared to the pre-test. These findings indicate that physical therapy education not only enhances knowledge but also promotes behavioral changes toward safer, more comfortable, and more productive work patterns.

The development of digital technology has brought about major changes in the spread of da'wah and the implementation of Islamic counseling. Da'wah that used to focus on face-to-face is now transformed through social media and digital platforms, so that religious messages can reach a wider audience without time and space limitations. Digital media presents opportunities for da'i to convey da'wah with varied and interesting content, especially for the younger generation. However, challenges remain, such as the lack of direct emotional interaction and the difficulty of monitoring potentially deviant content. Meanwhile, Islamic counseling in the digital era is developing through online services, either through websites, telephones, chats, and video conferences. These services facilitate access to counselling, reduce distance barriers and social stigma, and provide flexible counseling alternatives. However, online counseling also has weaknesses, such as limitations in reading body language, network technical constraints, and counselors' skills that are not optimal in utilizing technology. Thus, Islamic da'wah and counseling in the digital era require the readiness of human resources, mastery of technology, and the application of good ethics in order to run effectively, professionally, and provide wide benefits to society.

Canine dwarfism is a growth disorder resulting from physiological dysfunction within the endocrine system, primarily due to growth hormone (GH) deficiency commonly caused by abnormal pituitary development. GH and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) play essential roles in regulating the growth of bones, muscles, skin, and internal organs through the hypothalamic–pituitary–liver axis. Under normal conditions, the hypothalamus controls GH secretion, which subsequently stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1 as the main mediator of growth. Genetic abnormalities such as LHX3 mutations can impair somatotroph cell differentiation and reduce GH production, ultimately leading to decreased IGF-1 levels. The deficiency of these hormones disrupts chondrocyte proliferation in the epiphyseal plates, decreases muscle protein synthesis, and negatively affects the development of tissues such as skin, hair, and reproductive organs. This study was conducted using a literature review method by searching scientific databases and selecting relevant publications addressing the physiological, clinical, and pathophysiological aspects of canine dwarfism. Literature analysis indicates that GH deficiency leads to clinical manifestations such as stunted body size, thin and easily shedding hair, dry and infection-prone skin, reduced muscle mass, metabolic disturbances, and delayed reproductive maturation. Diagnosis is established through clinical evaluation, IGF-1 measurement as an indicator of GH activity, and radiographic assessment of epiphyseal plate development. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between physiological abnormalities and clinical signs is crucial for early detection and appropriate management of dwarfism, providing a strong scientific foundation for understanding the hormonal mechanisms disrupted in this condition.

Food security is a crucial foundation in breaking the cycle of poverty, particularly in rural areas that are vulnerable to limited food access. The Government of Bangun Purba Village has implemented a food security assistance program through the distribution of livestock and crop seedlings as a strategy to improve both food availability and community income. This study aims to describe the implementation process of the program, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess its impact on poverty alleviation in the village. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants include the village head, program coordinator, members of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), and program beneficiaries. Data analysis is based on David C. Korten’s Theory of Successful Program Implementation, which encompasses three main indicators: the program, implementing organization, and target group. The results show that the food security program in Bangun Purba Village has contributed positively to improving food availability for some community members. However, its effectiveness has not yet reached an optimal level due to uneven distribution of aid, lack of technical assistance, limited socialization, and weak coordination among stakeholders.

Hawthorn extract has been used for ameliorating cardiac disorders and pulmonary hypertension. The main chemical constituents of hawthorn flavonoid extract (HFE) include flavonoids (1-2%), oligomeric proanthocyanidins (1-3%), and other bioactive components (e.g., triterpene acids, organic acids, sterols, and cardioactive amines). These compounds are reported to have many pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and nephroprotective effects. This study was aimed the analysis Crataegus oxyacantha based on a bioinformatic study and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. This method consisted of analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Crataegus oxyacantha Protein, Epitope and Allergen Proteins, Crataegus oxyacantha Proteins that were antigens and toxins and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. The results of research conducted on 3 three-dimensional structures of Crataegus oxyacantha protein, GQME value and QmeanDisCo value. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic and toxicity test on the chicken embryo was 250 ng/egg..Morphological description of the embryo on the 21st day after injection, at a concentration of 250 ng of Crataegus oxyacantha /egg product, an abnormal embryological picture was obtained. Chicken Embryo Weight and Body Length Measurements were carried out in chicken embryos. Need research for other species of plant.

In Iranian Traditional Medicine, some herbs like Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, are implicated as appetite enhancers. However, there is not enough research evidence to prove their actual effect. Achillea millefolium is a dicot which belongs to the family Asteraceae. The purpose of this study was the analysis Achillea millefolium based on a bioinformatic study and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. This research method consisted of conversion of nucleotides into amino acids, analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Achillea millefolium protein, epitope and Allergen Proteins, antigens and toxins and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic and toxicity test on the chicken embryo was 250 ng/egg.. Morphological description of the embryo on the 21st day after injection, at a concentration of 250 ng of Mentha piperita/egg product, an abnormal embryological picture was obtained. Chicken Embryo Weight and Body Length Measurements were carried out in chicken embryos. Need research for other species of plant.

Bullying is one of the most common forms of violence still occurring in schools, causing serious impacts on students’ psychological conditions and social development. Various efforts have been made to reduce bullying cases, yet communicative campaign media that match the characteristics of the digital generation remain limited. This study aims to develop educational media based on interactive motion graphics designed with Visual Communication Design principles to support anti-bullying digital campaigns in schools. The research stages include designing the main characters using Adobe Illustrator and Adobe Photoshop, separating body parts in vector format for easier animation, importing the files into Adobe Character Animator, and synchronizing movements, facial expressions, and voices through dubbing processes. The final product is an interactive animation entitled “Berani Bicara, Berani Membela” (Dare to Speak, Dare to Defend), which features three main scenes: bullying in a school corridor, peer support in the classroom, and reporting the case to the guidance counselor. The findings indicate that this media provides a more engaging and interactive learning experience while effectively delivering moral messages. The animation not only emphasizes the importance of victims’ courage to report bullying but also highlights peer support and the school’s role in providing protection. Therefore, interactive motion graphics can serve as an alternative digital campaign strategy that is relevant, easily accepted by young generations, and has the potential to foster safe, inclusive, and friendly school environments for all students.

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication that contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Despite various preventive measures, preeclampsia is still frequently found at the primary health care level. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at the Tiley Care Community Health Center. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all pregnant women who visited antenatal care at the Tiley Care Community Health Center, with a sample of 60 respondents selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a review of medical records and KIA books, then analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that maternal age, history of hypertension, nutritional status based on body mass index, and adherence to antenatal care visits had a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of preeclampsia. Meanwhile, parity did not show a significant relationship with the incidence of preeclampsia. This study concluded that the incidence of preeclampsia is influenced by various maternal factors and maternal health behaviors during pregnancy. These findings underscore the importance of implementing risk-based antenatal care through early screening, ongoing monitoring, and increased adherence to antenatal care visits as a preventative measure for preeclampsia at the primary healthcare level.

Syndrome is a serious problem in children's health because it has a major impact on growth and development, especially in terms of intelligence and daily activities. Down Syndrome, as one of the most well-known chromosomal disorders, is often the main cause of intellectual developmental disorders, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, early onset of Alzheimer's disease, and various behavioral disorders. Diagnosing syndrome diseases in children is often difficult due to complex and varied symptoms, requiring lengthy, costly, and time-consuming medical evaluations. This study aims to design a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR)-based expert system for diagnosing syndromes in children, which is expected to help accelerate the disease identification process and provide more effective and efficient solutions. The method used is the development of an expert system with a CBR approach, in which the system performs calculations and matching based on the symptoms selected by the user against the available case base. The results of the study show that from symptom inputs such as wide hands with short fingers, short stature, small head, stunted growth, small lower jaw, abnormal body appearance, and weak joints, the system was able to diagnose Klinefelter syndrome with a percentage of 43.58%. This system can be an alternative for patients or families who have limited time and funds to obtain medical consultations, so that diagnosis and follow-up can be carried out more quickly and efficiently.

The church, as the body of Christ, carries a vital responsibility in shaping the congregation’s understanding of biblical doctrine as the foundation of a sound life of faith. However, in practice, there remains a gap between the theological instruction provided and the congregation’s actual comprehension in daily life. This study aims to analyze the level of understanding among local congregations regarding biblical doctrine, identify the factors influencing this understanding, and examine the discrepancies between teaching and its application in everyday life. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, focusing on the examination of biblical texts, theological works, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that the congregation’s level of understanding of biblical doctrine varies and is influenced by internal factors such as spiritual motivation and faith experience, as well as external factors such as the quality of teaching and ecclesiastical leadership. The gap between teaching and understanding is attributed to the lack of contextual and interactive learning methods. This study underscores the importance of continuous and dialogical theological formation within local churches so that congregants may not only comprehend doctrine cognitively but also embody it practically in faith and action. These findings are expected to enrich the field of practical theology and serve as a reference for developing faith education within the church.

Pregnancy is a physiological process that involves various physical and psychological changes in women. One common psychological issue that can arise is anxiety related to body image, which can significantly influence the eating behaviors of pregnant women. This psychological challenge may lead to eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and bulimia nervosa. The presence of eating disorders during pregnancy can have detrimental effects on maternal health, including nutritional deficiencies, fatigue, and an increased risk of complications during pregnancy, such as preterm birth and gestational diabetes. Additionally, these disorders can negatively impact the fetus, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake, low birth weight, and developmental delays. Therefore, maintaining a healthy, balanced diet, alongside psychological support, is crucial for pregnant women. Health education, along with professional counseling and guidance from healthcare providers, plays a vital role in preventing and managing eating disorders during pregnancy. Such efforts ultimately contribute to optimal health outcomes for both the mother and the developing fetus, ensuring the well-being of both in the long term.

Pregnancy is a physiological process that involves various physical and psychological changes in women. One common psychological issue that can arise is anxiety related to body image, which can significantly influence the eating behaviors of pregnant women. This psychological challenge may lead to eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and bulimia nervosa. The presence of eating disorders during pregnancy can have detrimental effects on maternal health, including nutritional deficiencies, fatigue, and an increased risk of complications during pregnancy, such as preterm birth and gestational diabetes. Additionally, these disorders can negatively impact the fetus, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake, low birth weight, and developmental delays. Therefore, maintaining a healthy, balanced diet, alongside psychological support, is crucial for pregnant women. Health education, along with professional counseling and guidance from healthcare providers, plays a vital role in preventing and managing eating disorders during pregnancy. Such efforts ultimately contribute to optimal health outcomes for both the mother and the developing fetus, ensuring the well-being of both in the long term.

Ischemic stroke occurs when a thrombus, embolus, or vascular stenosis disrupts blood supply to the brain, causing vessel rupture and blood leakage into the surrounding neuronal space. A common clinical symptom of stroke is hemiparesis, or muscle weakness on one side of the body. Non-pharmacological management, such as range of motion exercises using mirror therapy, can support rehabilitation. Mirror therapy is a form of motor rehabilitation that engages the patient's motor imagery. The mirror provides visual stimulation to the brain, particularly the cerebral motor nerves on both the affected and unaffected sides, to assist movement in limbs experiencing hemiparesis. This study used a case study method, implementing nursing care and evidence-based nursing practice. Over six consecutive days of intervention, mirror therapy led to increased muscle strength. Prior to the therapy, muscle strength was recorded at. After the therapy, muscle strength improved to. These results suggest that mirror therapy can serve as an effective rehabilitation strategy to address impaired physical mobility in patients with ischemic stroke.