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This research, titled “Islamic Universalism and Local Islam,” aims to analyze the relationship between the universal values of Islam and the expressions of local Islam that develop within the cultural context of society. The main focus of this study is to understand how Islam, as a universal religion, interacts with local cultures without losing its core principles such as tawhid (monotheism), justice, equality, and rahmah (compassion). The research method used is library research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through the analysis of academic literature, scholarly journal articles, and other relevant scientific works. The analysis technique employed is content analysis, used to examine the relationship between universal Islamic values and their manifestations in local religious traditions. The findings indicate that Islamic universalism and local Islam are not opposing concepts but rather complementary ones. Islamic universalism provides an inclusive ethical and spiritual foundation, while local Islam reflects the contextual application of Islamic teachings within specific cultural settings. The integration of both creates a form of religiosity that is moderate, adaptive, and harmonious, making it relevant to the pluralistic society of the modern era.

The global environmental crisis is increasingly alarming, with deforestation and resource exploitation severely impacting ecosystems and local communities. In Indonesia, Flores Island has become a strategic site for geothermal projects, including the planned drilling in Poco Leok, Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara. This project has provoked strong resistance from local communities due to ecological threats such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, water pollution, and water scarcity, all of which exacerbate social vulnerability, particularly among women. This study employs a qualitative literature-based analysis using Taoist philosophy as an interpretive framework. The principles of Yin–Yang, Wu Wei, and Ziran are applied as reflective lenses to identify the root of the crisis: the imbalance in human–nature relations caused by exploitative and dominant development models. The findings demonstrate that economy-driven development undermines ecological harmony and local wisdom, thereby deepening social hardship. In contrast, Taoist philosophy offers an alternative paradigm that emphasizes balance, harmony, and respect for the natural order. Addressing the Poco Leok conflict therefore requires not only a reassessment of policy but also a paradigm shift in development toward ecological justice and inclusive, sustainable well-being.

This study aims to analyze toxic and narcissistic leadership in Christian educational institutions. The research method employed is a literature review with a content analysis approach. Data were collected through documentation studies of various academic books and relevant scholarly journals, then systematically analyzed to identify themes, patterns, and strategic insights. This literature review seeks to provide an in-depth understanding of toxic and narcissistic leadership phenomena, focusing on the influencing factors, their implications for organizations, and potential conflict resolution strategies. The findings reveal that toxic and narcissistic leadership has a negative impact on organizational health, particularly within Christian education, which should uphold the values of love, sacrifice, and service. Conversely, the implementation of conflict resolution based on Christian values can restore relationships, strengthen leadership integrity, and foster a healthy organizational culture. This study emphasizes the importance of transforming toxic and narcissistic leadership into leadership grounded in the values of Christ so that Christian educational institutions can remain consistent with their mission to educate, guide, and serve with love.

This paper aims to explore the hermeneutics proposed by Fatima Mernissi in reading a hadith, especially those related to the hadith of female leadership. In this case, the hadith narrated by Abu Bakrah's companion stated that "a people who entrust their affairs to women will not be successful." This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive analytical nature, which focuses on analyzing the sanad and matan and revealing how the socio-historical context of a hadith is narrated. The results of this study indicate that the hermeneutic concept proposed by Fatima Mernissi is able to identify bias in the narration of a hadith. In this case, the hadith narrated by Abu Bakra is considered weak for several reasons, such as the incompleteness of Abu Bakra's genealogy, the influence of the social conditions of the hadith, and the lack of credibility of the narrator. Therefore, the hermeneutic approach proposed by Fatima Mernissi provides a reinterpretation of the hadiths so that they are in line with the principle of justice.

The role of Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School's policy in instilling an attitude of tasamuh (tolerance) among students amidst the challenges of the digital era is the subject of this research. In addition to offering many conveniences, the digital era has also become a tool for spreading exclusive ideologies, hoaxes, and hatred that threaten tolerance. As an Islamic educational institution, Islamic boarding schools have a responsibility to protect their students. This research collected data through in-depth interviews with Islamic boarding school leaders, ustadz, and students, as well as observation activities and analysis of policy documents (qanun). A qualitative approach, case study method, was used. The results of the study show that Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School implements three levels of policy: (1) Curricular Policy that focuses on the study of moderate yellow books (fiqh muqaranah and tasawuf) as the theological basis of tasamuh; (2) Student Policy that encourages discussion and interaction (such as bahtsul masail) with strict sanctions for bullying; and (3) Digital Adaptive Policy that establishes strict regulations on the use of gadgets and the "Ngaji Cyber-Akhlaq" program.

Indonesia is highly susceptible to natural disasters owing to its geographical location at the intersection of three major tectonic plates. Effective disaster mitigation requires active community participation through education and tangible environmental conservation measures. This community engagement initiative aimed to strengthen community capacity for disaster mitigation and environmental preservation through cross-sectoral collaboration involving the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), the Faculty of Agriculture at Pattimura University, and the Sagu Salempeng GPM Foundation. Implementation methods comprised disaster mitigation education, extension services on conservation plant cultivation, memorandum of understanding (MoU) signing, and seedling distribution to 12 representatives from 6 villages in Ambon City, Maluku region. Outcomes revealed enhanced community comprehension of disaster mitigation concepts and strengthened commitment toward planting productive species for environmental conservation purposes. This initiative contributes to community resilience development and reinforces Indonesia's Disaster Resilient Village program.

The climate crisis is no longer just a concern for environmental activists, but has evolved into a strategic threat affecting global stability. The climate crisis is now worsening into a serious threat to the sustainability of human life and the existing ecosystems on Earth. In his book, "The Uninhabitable Earth," Arne Naess provides deep insights thru the Deep Ecology approach, which emphasizes the intrinsic value of all forms of life. This study explores the relationship between the environment and cosmology and its impact on human policies and behavior toward nature. By analyzing the interaction between humans and the environment, we show that a paradigm shift toward a holistic understanding can offer sustainable solutions to this climate crisis. The impact of the climate crisis is highly complex and widespread, leading to unstable weather patterns. These unstable weather patterns threaten agriculture, food security, and also result in more frequent and severe natural disasters. We need to explore the root causes of the current climate crisis, the impacts that have already occurred and may come, and the efforts that can be made by individuals, communities, and the international community to address such challenges. This research strongly highlights the importance of collective consciousness and moral responsibility in protecting the planet, while also inviting readers to reflect on their position within the broader web of life. Thru this approach, it is hoped that synergy between human development and environmental sustainability can be achieved.

This study examines the role of social and cultural structures as mechanisms in reconstructing and maintaining the religious practices of Hindu Kaharingan amidst the challenges of modernization. As a local belief system of the Dayak community in Central Kalimantan, Hindu Kaharingan functions not only spiritually but also as a guardian of cultural identity. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a phenomenological study design. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document studies to understand the meanings and experiences of the practitioners. The findings reveal that major rituals, such as Tiwah, serve a dual purpose: spiritually, to guide the souls of ancestors, and socially, as a community adhesive that reinforces solidarity through mutual cooperation (handep). Through the lens of Functionalism Theory and Religious Systems Theory, this study reveals that religious ceremonies act as a vital medium for cultural transmission. The active involvement of the younger generation in these rites serves as a non-formal educational mechanism for passing down values, philosophies, and ancestral knowledge within an oral tradition system. Thus, the socio-cultural role of the community functions as an adaptive and resistive strategy that ensures the continuity of the spiritual identity and cultural resilience of Hindu Kaharingan in the contemporary era.

Learning evaluation is an important element in the educational process because it allows us to determine the extent to which students have achieved their competencies and helps improve the quality of learning. Objective tests are considered relevant because they can measure students' thinking abilities efficiently and systematically. However, in PAI learning, there are challenges because what is assessed is not only knowledge, but also understanding, attitudes, and actions in religion. This study aims to analyze the application of objective test instruments in evaluating PAI learning at SMA Negeri 1 Jetis Bantul, including how teachers create questions, the difficulties they encounter, and the impact on students. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview, observation, and documentation techniques, then content analysis is used to analyze the results. The findings indicate that teachers have applied HOTS-based questions in accordance with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, students still have difficulty understanding long narrative questions, and objective instruments are not appropriate for assessing affective aspects. In general, students respond positively, but their learning style tends to be instant, relying solely on question outlines. To achieve holistic educational goals in line with the Pancasila Student Profile, continuous innovation is needed in the development of objective testing instruments that are capable of comprehensively measuring cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

This research responds to the contemporary educational crisis dominated by cognitive intelligence ('aql) resulting in the phenomenon of "smart but dry," by proposing Al-Ghazali's concept of "Education of Feelings" as a solution. The aim is to explore the concept, methods, and relevance of "Education of Feelings" to balance the intellectual and spiritual dimensions. This descriptive qualitative research uses library research on Al-Ghazali's works. The results show that "Education of Feelings" is a transformative effort that emphasizes the integration of knowledge through reason and intuition (dzawq), with the qalb (spiritual heart) as the center of knowledge reception. Its pedagogical core is the process of purifying the soul (Tazkiyatun Nafs) so that knowledge is beneficial (Ilm Nafi') and culminates in ma'rifah (true knowledge) and moral perfection (al-insan al-kamil). Practically, relevant methods include teacher role models (uswah hasanah) and learning based on deep reflection. This concept is relevant in the digital age because it serves as a spiritual bulwark, offering peace of mind (sakinah) and an ethical filter (dzawq) to counter individualism and information disruption. Consequently, Islamic Religious Education (PAI) education is advised to reconstruct its curriculum and evaluation to include a portfolio assessment of morals, in order to shape a cognitively intelligent and spiritually mature generation.

This study aims to improve the interpersonal intelligence of children aged 5–6 years through the implementation of the edutainment method at TKIT Darul Qur’an Madani, Parepare. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) with Kurt Lewin’s model, conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects were 14 children from group B who initially showed low social interaction, cooperation, and empathy with peers. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and anecdotal notes, then analyzed descriptively using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The findings revealed a significant improvement in children’s interpersonal intelligence. In the first cycle, most children were categorized as Beginning to Develop and Developing as Expected. However, in the second cycle, through edutainment activities based on role playing with professional themes, 85% of the children achieved the Very Well Developed category. These results indicate that the edutainment method is effective in creating enjoyable, interactive, and meaningful learning experiences, which encourage children to communicate, collaborate, understand emotions, and develop empathy.

Library material processing is an essential activity in library management to support collection organization and facilitate users’ access to information. The Library of the Museum of the History of the Qur’an of North Sumatra possesses a diverse collection of materials, including Islamic books and general books; therefore, a well-planned and systematic collection processing system is required. This internship activity aims to describe the process of processing Islamic and general library materials through cataloging and book labeling activities at the Library of the Museum of the History of the Qur’an of North Sumatra. The method used in this internship was a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and direct practice in the processing of library materials. The results of the internship indicate that cataloging and book labeling play a significant role in creating organized collections, facilitating information retrieval, and supporting the effectiveness of library services. Thus, processing library materials through cataloging and labeling constitutes a strategic effort to enhance the quality of collection management at the Library of the Museum of the History of the Qur’an of North Sumatra.

This research aims to reinterpret the vision of the Protestant Batak Christian Huria (HKBP) "to be a blessing to the world" from the perspective of diakonia. This research uses a literature method with a qualitative approach through the study of theological literature, history, and church documents. The results of the study show that diakonia is the main entrance to the gospel message in the Land of Batak that brings social, educational, and health transformation to the community. However, in its development, HKBP's diakonic practice tends to be centered on church institutions and has not fully involved the active participation of congregation members. In addition, there is a tendency for service that is charitable without sustainable empowerment. Therefore, it is necessary to reinterpret the vision of HKBP by emphasizing the formation of a diaconal congregation, where all members of the congregation should be equipped and encouraged to be involved in the service of love in the community. Thus, diakonia is not only a program of the church, but a real and transformative practice of living of faith, so that the church truly becomes a blessing to the world. Furthermore, strengthening congregational capacity through contextual theological education and the development of local needs-based ministries is an important strategy in realizing a responsive and inclusive church. This approach is expected to be able to encourage the sustainability of diakonia services which not only has a short-term impact, but also builds independence and community welfare holistically.

This study aims to analyze the interfaith solidarity of UINSU Law students after natural disasters in North Sumatra and Aceh and to identify the forms of social activities and humanitarian values developed through these humanitarian actions. The research method used is a qualitative method with a field research approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research data sources were obtained from students, social volunteers, and disaster-affected communities involved in humanitarian activities. The results of the study indicate that UINSU Law students have an important role in helping communities through fundraising activities, humanitarian volunteers, psychosocial assistance, and interfaith cooperation. The interfaith solidarity carried out by the students was able to strengthen social relationships, increase tolerance, and create social harmony in post-disaster communities. In addition, the values of religious moderation, social concern, and unity became the main foundations of the students’ humanitarian activities. The presence of students among disaster victims gave a positive impact on the social recovery process and strengthened the sense of brotherhood and humanity within Indonesia’s multicultural society.

Fiqih learning at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level plays a crucial role in shaping students’ understanding of proper worship practices in accordance with Islamic law. However, in practice, fiqih instruction is often delivered through verbal and teacher-centered approaches, causing students to focus more on memorization rather than meaningful understanding and correct application. This study aims to examine the implementation of the demonstration method in fiqih learning as an effort to improve students’ understanding of worship procedures, particularly in practical materials such as ablution, prayer, and other daily acts of worship in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The demonstration method is considered appropriate because it allows students to directly observe the processes and stages of worship practices, making learning more concrete, contextual, and meaningful. The findings indicate that the application of the demonstration method effectively enhances both conceptual and practical understanding of students, increases learning motivation, and minimizes errors in performing worship. Students not only comprehend the sequences and recitations of worship but are also able to practice them correctly in accordance with fiqih principles. Therefore, the demonstration method can serve as an effective learning approach in fiqih instruction at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level to develop a comprehensive understanding of worship that integrates cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

This study aims to determine the role of class teachers in the implementation of multicultural values ​​in the learning of faith and morals to fifth grade students at MI Integral Hidayatullah Holtekamp and describe the variety of multicultural values ​​that exist in the MI Integral Hidayatullah environment. This type of research is qualitative. The research subjects were the Principal, Class Teachers, and three fifth grade students. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by means of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. Data validation used the triangulation method of data sources. The role of class teachers in the implementation of multicultural values ​​in the learning of faith and morals to students at MI Integral Hidayatullah Holtekamp includes: a. Class teacher motivators become encouragement and role models so that students remain diligent and respect differences. b. Class teacher facilitators act as the main intermediaries in the process of changing student behavior, and c. Class teacher evaluators evaluate attitudes by observing student behavior. The variety of multicultural values ​​at MI Integral Hidaytullah: a. Inclusive: Classroom teachers play a role in creating learning that respects diversity. b. Prioritizing Dialogue: Classroom teachers encourage students to discuss. c. Humanistic: Classroom teachers prioritize a humanitarian attitude in educating students.

This study examines Enha Water, a bottled mineral water business developed as an economic empowerment strategy based on Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. The background of this research stems from the importance of the economic independence of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) as Islamic educational institutions that play a role not only in religious development but also in strengthening the community's economy. The research method used was a qualitative case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation with the boarding school administrators, students, and related parties involved in the Enha Water business management. The results indicate that Enha Water's existence has significantly contributed to increasing the boarding school's income, creating jobs for students and the surrounding community, and fostering an entrepreneurial spirit based on Islamic values. Furthermore, this business also serves as a practical learning tool for students in economics and business management. Challenges faced include limited capital, marketing distribution, and competition with similar products. This study concludes that Enha Water has the potential to become a model for sustainable Islamic boarding school economic empowerment if supported by professional management, product innovation, and synergy with various stakeholders.

This article examines Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha’s thought on Islamic nationalism as the basis of patriotism. Nasoha emphasizes that nationalism does not contradict Islamic teachings; in fact, the values of faith, morality, and brotherhood in Islam can strengthen national consciousness. According to him, love for the homeland is not merely a slogan or rhetoric, but a manifestation of faith and a Muslim’s social responsibility that requires active involvement in preserving unity, upholding justice, and contributing to national development. This article highlights the historical, philosophical, sociological, political, educational, and theological aspects of Islamic nationalism, including the contributions of Islamic scholars and organizations in shaping national identity as well as in the formulation of Pancasila as the state’s foundation in harmony with Islamic values. Furthermore, the article discusses the relevance of Islamic nationalism in addressing contemporary challenges, such as Indonesia’s plural society, globalization, radicalism, and digital disinformation. Nasoha stresses the importance of harmonizing Islamic values with Pancasila, so that Islamic nationalism can serve as both social cohesion and an ethical guideline for citizens. The implementation of Islamic nationalism can be carried out through education, legal reinforcement, moral development, and concrete social contributions, enabling Muslims to preserve their religious identity while actively participating in national life. Through this comprehensive study, the article asserts that Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha’s ideas significantly contribute to the development of a moderate, inclusive nationalism grounded in Islamic values. His thought offers a strategic framework to cultivate patriotic young Muslims without compromising religious identity.  while strengthening Indonesia’s national integrity in the face of contemporary challenges.

This study examines the implementation of deep learning integrated with Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Fiqh subjects at MAS Al-Mashuriyah Pagelaran Cianjur. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were gathered through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation across six instructional meetings in grades XI and XII. The results show that the combination of deep learning and PBL substantially increases students’ active participation and encourages them to think more critically, especially when studying purification (thaharah) materials. Through group discussions, case-based problems, and guided exploration of Islamic legal sources, students were able to connect theoretical concepts to everyday religious practices. This approach allowed learning to shift from memorization toward deeper conceptual understanding and contextual application. The teacher served primarily as a facilitator, providing direction and scaffolding while giving students space to analyze, argue, and draw conclusions independently. Overall, the findings indicate that integrating deep learning with PBL is an effective pedagogical strategy for enhancing the quality of Fiqh learning at the madrasah level, as it not only improves comprehension but also fosters analytical thinking, collaboration, and the ability to apply Islamic legal principles in practical situations.

Islamic philosophy is one of the most dynamic intellectual traditions in the history of Islamic civilization, but its development is often reduced in modern historiographical narratives that place it as a continuation or derivative of Greek philosophy alone. Through his work History of Islamic Philosophy, Henry Corbin offers a different hermeneutic and phenomenological framework for reading the development of Islamic philosophy, namely by placing it as a continuous tradition, spiritual-metaphysical in nature, and not limited by political boundaries or conventional chronological sequences. This article aims to critically examine Corbin's view of the continuity of Islamic philosophy, assess his intellectual contribution to the study of Islamic philosophy, and examine the methodological limitations of his approach. Through a literature review and content analysis of Corbin's book and relevant academic literature, this article finds that Corbin has succeeded in opening new horizons in understanding the richness of the Islamic intellectual tradition, particularly through his emphasis on the role of creative imagination, inner dimensions, and the continuity of the wisdom tradition in Iran. On the other hand, his tendency to focus on esoteric aspects and spiritual experiences makes his narrative less comprehensive in reaching the rational, political, and social traditions in Islamic philosophy. This article concludes that despite its limitations, Corbin's work still makes a significant contribution to the development of contemporary Islamic philosophy studies, particularly in establishing a more holistic, dialogical, and open approach to the metaphysical dimensions of Islamic tradition.