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Sidewalks are a crucial element of urban infrastructure that support pedestrian mobility. However, on Jalan Dr. Mansyur, Medan Selayang, sidewalk conditions present various problems, such as damaged surfaces, a lack of accessibility facilities, and the presence of street vendors occupying the lanes. This study aims to analyze the impact of sidewalk quality on pedestrian activity by examining three main factors: the physical condition of the sidewalk, environmental safety, and accessibility. Using a mixed methods approach, the sample for the quantitative approach was taken using a stratified random sampling method with a total of 150 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that sidewalk accessibility had the strongest relationship with pedestrian activity (correlation coefficient 0.72), followed by the physical condition of the sidewalk (0.68) and environmental safety (0.55). Minimal accessibility factors, such as the lack of special lanes for the disabled, proved to be the main obstacle to pedestrian activity. In addition, the damaged physical condition of the sidewalk and the use of sidewalks for activities that are not in accordance with their function further reduce user comfort. Based on these findings, key recommendations include physical improvements to sidewalks with regard to the principles of universal accessibility, including the addition of dedicated lanes for the disabled, repair of damaged surfaces, and reconfiguration of spaces to discourage use by street vendors. The government needs to ensure adequate street lighting to improve user safety. The public is expected to maintain the function of sidewalks by utilizing them according to their intended purpose, while future researchers are advised to explore the impact of sidewalk improvements on broader social and economic aspects, as well as consider the integration of technology in sidewalk design and management. The conclusion of this study is the need for collaborative action between the government, the community, and other relevant parties to create inclusive sidewalk infrastructure that supports active mobility.

This community service program aims to strengthen the competence of automotive workshop MSMEs in mastering microcontroller-based starter system technology, enabling them to adapt to the era of vehicle digitalization. The program was carried out through several stages: identification of training needs, delivery of basic theory on microcontrollers and starter systems, practical sessions in module assembly and programming, followed by mentoring and evaluation. The results of the evaluation showed an 85% increase in participants’ understanding of the digital starter system concept, an 80% improvement in module assembly and programming skills, and a 75% increase in readiness to apply innovative starter systems in workshop services. The novelty of this activity lies in the development of a more applicable digital starter system model tailored to the needs of small-scale workshops. The implementation emphasized a participatory, practice-based approach using learning by doing. Participants, mainly workshop owners and technicians, were guided step by step from component recognition, software operation with Arduino IDE, to the prototyping of functional microcontroller-based starter systems. To ensure sustainability, the program also provided training modules, video tutorials, and online mentoring, allowing participants to continue practicing independently after the training. Beyond improving technical competence, this activity also fostered an innovative mindset among participants, making them more confident to provide modern, technology-oriented services. In the long term, the program is expected to enhance the competitiveness of automotive MSMEs, strengthen customer trust, and build collaborative networks between higher education institutions and local workshops in supporting vocational education and digital transformation.

In this study, which began with an initial speaking score of 60.5, the main objective was to enhance students’ English-speaking skills through structured dialogue by applying Problem-Based Learning (PBL). The research was conducted using a Collaborative Classroom Action Research approach, which followed four key stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. These stages were carried out in distinct cycles, with each cycle consisting of two meetings. Data were collected through several instruments, including structured dialogue tasks to measure speaking performance, questionnaires to evaluate students’ perceptions of PBL practice, and field notes to capture classroom dynamics. The participants of this study were fourth-semester students of the D3 English Study Program at the State Polytechnic. The findings indicated a significant improvement in students’ English-speaking performance across the two cycles. In Cycle I, the total score achieved was 1,500, with an average of 75 and a success percentage of 70%. In Cycle II, the total score increased to 1,700, with an average of 85 and a success percentage of 90%. This shows a substantial enhancement not only in terms of numerical achievement but also in students’ active engagement and confidence during structured dialogue activities. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the PBL approach in facilitating learning also improved notably. In Cycle I, the average effectiveness score was 6.4, while in Cycle II, it rose to 9.4. These findings suggest that integrating structured dialogue with PBL provides an effective strategy to foster students’ speaking proficiency. It also highlights the potential of collaborative classroom action research in promoting reflective teaching practices and sustained learning improvement.

Cahaya Amal Soleh Foundation is a social institution that focuses on community service through various institutional programs engaged in social, education, and community empowerment. However, a number of operational staff who do not have a financial background have difficulty in understanding and managing financial reports effectively. This study aims to assist staff through the On-the-Job Learning and Development Program (OLDP) themed Finance for Non-Finance with the SIAPIK (Islamic Boarding School and Social Charity Accounting Information System) application approach. The method used is a qualitative approach with a participatory model, involving direct training, transaction recording simulations, and evaluation of participant understanding. The results of the assistance showed a significant increase in staff understanding of basic accounting principles, transaction recording, and SIAPIK-based financial reporting. These findings indicate that a practical approach through an application based on the foundation's needs can improve the financial capacity of non-accounting staff. The implications of this activity reinforce the importance of digitizing the financial system of social organizations and the need for ongoing training for human resources so that accountable and transparent financial governance can be realized sustainably. In addition, the results of this program highlight that the integration of technology and participatory training can overcome barriers in financial literacy among non-finance staff. The SIAPIK application provides an accessible interface and structured modules that are easy to understand, thereby reducing the complexity usually associated with financial management. Staff who previously felt unconfident in processing financial transactions gradually gained competence and independence in applying accounting procedures. The training also fostered collaborative learning, where participants supported each other in solving case simulations, enhancing not only technical knowledge but also teamwork and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, the foundation’s management expressed that the program positively contributed to institutional performance by ensuring more reliable and transparent financial reporting.

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has encouraged the implementation of Electronic-Based Government Sistems (SPBE) aimed at improving the quality of public services to become more transparent, accountable, and efficient. In line with this, the Department of Communication and Informatics (Diskominfo) of Central Java Province developed the Integrated Secretariat and Supporting Unit Sistem (Si-SEKRUP) application as a digital innovation specifically designed to support internal administrative management. The presence of this application represents a concrete step in bureaucratic digital transformation, particularly in realizing administrative services that are fast, integrated, and oriented toward the principles of good governance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Si-SEKRUP application in supporting digital-based administrative governance. The research method applied is descriptive qualitative, utilizing secondary data obtained from literature, official reports, and public documents, with validation through data triangulation. The findings show that the implementation of Si-SEKRUP has significantly improved administrative efficiency, as reflected in the acceleration of document processing by up to 50%, the achievement of 100% digital documentation, and a substantial reduction in paper use that supports a paperless office sistem. Furthermore, the integration of digital and real-time asset monitoring has enhanced organizational transparency and accountability. The implementation of this application has not only provided technical benefits but has also fostered a shift in employee work culture toward more adaptive, collaborative, and productive practices in line with digital-era demands. These findings affirm that the success of bureaucratic digital transformation requires sustainable development, both in terms of technological infrastructure and human resource competencies, so that SPBE utilization can run optimally and deliver tangible value to public services.

This study examines the dynamics of urban politics in the policy of the Palembang City Government regarding the management of disorganized electrical cables. The problem of irregularly hanging cables, mixed with telecommunication lines, and often dangling too low poses safety risks, reduces the city’s aesthetics, and reflects weak governance of urban infrastructure. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, and documentation. The research informants consisted of representatives from the Palembang City Government, PLN (the state electricity company), telecommunication providers, and affected communities. The findings indicate that cable management policy is a concrete effort by the government to create an orderly, safe, and modern urban spatial arrangement. The Palembang City Government seeks to reorganize the overhead cable networks while simultaneously planning the development of underground utility ducts as a long-term solution. However, the implementation of this policy faces several challenges, particularly conflicting interests among stakeholders: PLN emphasizes operational efficiency, telecommunication providers resist additional financial burdens, while the public demands quick action but shows limited participation. This study concludes that the issue of cable management is not merely technical but also represents an arena of urban political contestation among the state, the private sector, and society. Effective solutions require cross-sectoral coordination, strong regulatory frameworks, collaborative financing, and active community involvement. Through a comprehensive approach, cable management in Palembang City has the potential to enhance public safety, improve urban aesthetics, and strengthen government legitimacy in sustainable urban governance.

This study aims to examine how family conflict resolution is represented in the 2024 Korean drama Queen of Tears. The research employed a qualitative approach using content analysis, focusing on 16 episodes that highlight family conflict dynamics and resolution strategies. The analysis concentrated on the evolution of communication patterns among characters throughout the storyline. The findings reveal that the drama portrays a transformation from destructive to constructive communication. In the early stages, conflicts are characterized by closed communication, passive-aggressive behavior, triangulation, and false assumptions. However, as the story progresses, these patterns shift toward open, empathetic, assertive, and collaborative communication, allowing for healthier and more adaptive resolutions. Furthermore, the study identifies the influence of Korean cultural values such as jeong (emotional bonds), nunchi (social sensitivity), face-saving, and collectivism in shaping how characters handle conflicts and reach reconciliation. This representation not only reflects the complexity of conflict within the Korean cultural context but also provides audiences with practical models for conflict resolution. Consequently, the drama serves not only as a form of entertainment but also as an educational medium that promotes effective family communication. The findings of this research contribute significantly to studies on family communication, media representation, and popular culture, offering insights into how television narratives can shape perceptions of interpersonal relationships and conflict management strategies.

This research investigates the integration of renewable energy systems within coastal conservation areas through public-private partnership (PPP) frameworks to achieve dual objectives of environmental sustainability and economic development. The study addresses the critical challenge of balancing energy infrastructure development with ecological preservation in sensitive coastal ecosystems, where biodiversity and community livelihoods are often at risk due to increasing industrial and urban pressures. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining case study analysis, stakeholder interviews, and economic modeling, to generate a comprehensive perspective on the opportunities and constraints of renewable energy deployment in these regions. Case studies highlight successful international practices of PPPs that have facilitated renewable energy projects while safeguarding marine and coastal ecosystems. Stakeholder interviews with government agencies, local communities, and private sector representatives reveal the importance of transparent governance, shared responsibility, and inclusive participation in ensuring long-term project sustainability. Economic modeling further demonstrates that well-structured PPP models can reduce implementation costs by 30–40% while adhering to biodiversity conservation standards and regulatory frameworks. Findings underscore that renewable energy projects, when embedded within collaborative governance structures, not only contribute to reducing carbon emissions but also create employment opportunities, stimulate local economies, and enhance community resilience. This study contributes to the sustainable development literature by providing an actionable framework for integrating renewable energy infrastructure in environmentally sensitive areas through PPPs. The proposed framework emphasizes adaptive policy design, capacity building, and equitable benefit-sharing, offering practical insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to reconcile energy needs with ecological protection in coastal regions.

Improving the quality of education is one of the main priorities in developing a highly competitive human resource. In this context, excellent leadership serves as a key element that determines the direction, strategy, and success of educational transformation across all levels of education, from primary education to higher education. This article examines the urgency of visionary, inspirational, and adaptive leadership in driving the improvement of educational quality in a dynamic and complex era of change. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, policy document analysis, and observation of leadership practices, the study finds that effective educational leadership can foster a positive organizational culture, enhance motivation and participation among all stakeholders, and optimize innovation and professionalism among educators. Beyond managerial skills, excellent leadership is characterized by moral integrity, communication proficiency, collaborative abilities, and strategic decision-making skills that significantly impact learning quality. The findings indicate that educational reform cannot succeed without strong, consistent, and quality-oriented leadership. Furthermore, the development of leadership capacity within the educational ecosystem, including school principals, higher education leaders, and program administrators, should be a priority agenda in formulating policies and educational practices in Indonesia. Therefore, this article provides important implications for policymakers, educational practitioners, and researchers to design sustainable, innovative, and responsive leadership development programs. It also emphasizes the significance of leadership as a key factor in achieving high-quality, sustainable education capable of competing at the global level. The study underscores that investing in leadership development is not only a strategy to enhance educational outcomes but also a necessary step in ensuring that Indonesia’s education system can adapt to rapid changes and meet international standards.

This community service activity aims to improve the literacy of residents in Penambangan Village through the implementation of a QR Code-based digital library at the Educational Center. The background of this program lies in the low level of literacy in rural areas, which is strongly influenced by the limited access to reading materials and the absence of library facilities. In the current digital era, the need for fast, easy, and affordable access to information has become increasingly important. Therefore, the application of simple technology such as QR Codes is considered an innovative solution to bridge the literacy gap between rural and urban communities. The method used in this activity was Participatory Action Research (PAR), which emphasizes active involvement of the community. The stages of the program consisted of initial observation to identify literacy needs, collaborative planning with local residents, implementation of the QR Code-based digital library, and reflection to evaluate achievements and challenges. This method ensured that the community was not only an object but also an active subject in the process of improving literacy. The results show an increase in reading interest and access to digital literacy, especially among young people. QR Codes installed at several strategic points enabled residents to access various digital reading resources using smartphones. Nevertheless, some obstacles were identified, including limited internet infrastructure and low digital literacy among the older population. Despite these challenges, the program successfully demonstrated that simple, technology-based approaches can significantly enhance literacy in rural areas. In conclusion, the implementation of a QR Code-based digital library supported by a PAR approach can serve as an effective alternative to increase literacy in rural communities. The success of the program strongly depends on collaboration among local residents, academics, and stakeholders to ensure its sustainability in the long term.

Cilegon City, located in Banten Province, is recognized as a vital industrial hub contributing to Indonesia's economic growth. However, the city's investment competitiveness still requires substantial enhancement to attract both domestic and foreign investors. This study focuses on developing a strategy to strengthen the investment competitiveness of Cilegon City, primarily through optimizing its industrial sectors and innovating public services. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, using literature reviews, interviews, and observations of local policies and conditions to gather data. The findings suggest that improving investment competitiveness can be achieved through the development of industrial clusters, providing necessary supporting infrastructure, and enhancing public service efficiency, particularly through digitalization and innovations in the licensing process. Additionally, fostering collaboration between local governments, businesses, and the community is essential for creating a competitive and sustainable investment environment. Public service innovation, especially in streamlining the licensing process, increases transparency and builds investor confidence. The study concludes that with an integrated strategy, Cilegon City can transform into a top industrial investment destination with the potential to compete effectively on both national and international levels. This research highlights the importance of strategic planning, innovation, and collaborative efforts in positioning Cilegon as a globally competitive industrial center, enhancing its attractiveness to investors and contributing to economic development.

This study proposes the integration of a Hybrid Recommendation method (combining Content-Based and Collaborative Filtering) with Random Forest Regression (RFR) to improve the accuracy of stay duration prediction in web-based boarding house booking systems. The main issue in online boarding booking systems is the inaccuracy of predicting user stay duration, affecting room allocation efficiency and customer satisfaction. The dataset was sourced from the hotel sector due to its attribute similarities and data validity. The research process includes data preprocessing (missing value imputation, normalization, and one-hot encoding), temporal and contextual feature engineering, hybrid recommendation system construction with CBF and CF score weighting, and RFR model training optimized through Grid Search and 10-fold cross-validation. Evaluation was conducted using MAE, RMSE, R² metrics, as well as recommendation metrics such as Precision@5, Recall@5, and Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR). Results show that this integrated model achieved an R² of 0.7239 and an MAE of 1.0537 days, as well as a Precision@5 of 0.9636. This integration proves effective in improving prediction accuracy and recommendation relevance and contributes to the development of AI-based intelligent systems in the accommodation domain.

Story writing skills are one of the essential competencies in learning Indonesian language at the elementary school level. However, in reality, many students still face difficulties in expressing ideas, organizing plots, and using language appropriately. Therefore, a learning model that can improve students’ story writing skills is needed. Project Based Learning (PjBL) was chosen because it emphasizes student activity, creativity, collaboration, and the production of tangible written works. This study employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which was carried out in two cycles. The subjects of the study were 14 third-grade students of MI Ziyadatul Iman, Jambi City. The research instruments included a story writing test, student activity observation sheets, and documentation. Data were analyzed using both quantitative techniques (average scores, mastery percentages) and qualitative techniques (student activity and reflection in each cycle). The findings showed that students’ story writing skills improved through the implementation of PjBL. The average score increased from 62.86 in the first cycle to 79.29 in the second cycle. The percentage of learning mastery also rose from 42.86% in the first cycle to 85.71% in the second cycle. In addition, students became more active, creative, and collaborative during the learning process. The implementation of Project Based Learning can therefore enhance the story writing skills of third-grade students at MI Ziyadatul Iman, Jambi City, both in terms of learning outcomes and learning activities.

This community service activity was implemented using a service learning approach through a business planning and public communication training program for the Merah Putih Village Cooperative in Huta Baringin. The background to this activity stems from the need for cooperative members to increase their capacity in designing sustainable business plans and effective public communication skills in conveying the cooperative's vision, mission, and programs to the community. The implementation method was carried out through the stages of needs identification, formulation of training materials, simulation practices, and intensive mentoring. The results of the activity showed an increase in cooperative members' understanding in developing business plans based on local potential and improved public communication skills, both within the organizational context and externally to strategic partners. This program not only strengthens the cooperative's independence but also demonstrates the relevance of the service learning model in connecting the roles of academics, students, and the community collaboratively. Thus, this training contributes to local economic empowerment and strengthening institutional communication capacity at the village level.

This study investigates the effectiveness of virtual debate platforms in enhancing English as a Second Language (ESL) learners’ critical thinking, speaking fluency, and argumentation skills. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with intermediate-level ESL students as participants. Data were collected through critical thinking tests, speaking fluency rubrics, and argumentation rubrics, complemented by qualitative analysis of recorded debates. The results indicate significant improvements in students’ critical thinking abilities, fluency in spoken English, and the quality of their arguments, including structure, relevance of evidence, and coherence. Furthermore, virtual debates fostered higher levels of student engagement compared to traditional classroom discussions. These findings underscore the pedagogical potential of integrating technology-based debate activities into ESL instruction, providing interactive and collaborative learning opportunities that address the limitations of conventional teaching methods. The study concludes with recommendations for incorporating virtual debates into ESL curricula and suggests future research on the use of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) to further enhance language learning experiences.

This community service activity was carried out with the aim of improving the memory of students at the Baiturrahman Islamic Boarding School (TPQ) through the implementation of group guidance based on an interactive question and answer method. The background of this program is based on the problem of low retention of religious material that has been learned by students, so the learning approach is needed that does not only emphasize memorization, but also activates the process of critical and in-depth thinking. In its implementation, the activity is designed to involve students directly in group discussions guided by a facilitator. The questions posed are structured in such a way as to stimulate repetition of information, encourage logical reasoning, and help students connect the learning material with real experiences in everyday life. Through this process, students are not only asked to answer questions but are also trained to develop broader answers, thereby strengthening understanding and improving communication skills. This program also prioritizes a fun, collaborative, and participatory learning atmosphere so that students feel more motivated to actively participate. Evaluation results show a significant increase in students' ability to remember, understand, and re-present learning material more quickly, accurately, and coherently. Furthermore, this activity also has a positive impact on increasing students' self-confidence in the learning process and strengthening collaborative skills among group members. Thus, group guidance using the question-and-answer method can be considered an effective learning strategy for strengthening students' memory and increasing their learning motivation.

This study aims to examine the role of academic supervision in improving student learning motivation at SMP IT YASPIDA SUKABUMI. Academic supervision is a systematic coaching effort for teachers to improve the quality of classroom learning. Student learning motivation is a crucial indicator of the success of the learning process, therefore, appropriate strategies are needed to improve it. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research was conducted with the goal of understanding how academic supervision influences teachers' pedagogical competence and, in turn, affects student motivation. The results show that structured and continuous academic supervision can significantly improve teachers' pedagogical competence, which in turn has a positive impact on student learning motivation. Collaborative supervision, providing constructive feedback, and focusing on improving the learning process have proven effective in creating a conducive and motivating learning environment. Teachers who receive regular supervision become more reflective and are better able to adapt their teaching strategies to meet students' needs. Consequently, this results in higher student engagement and a more enthusiastic learning atmosphere. Thus, academic supervision plays a strategic role in encouraging student learning enthusiasm by improving the quality of learning and ensuring that students are motivated to achieve better academic outcomes. This study highlights the importance of continuous academic supervision in fostering a positive learning environment and motivating students.

Stunting is a major public health problem that has long-term impacts on the quality of human resources, affecting physical growth, cognitive development, and socio-economic outcomes. The Indonesian government has identified the acceleration of stunting reduction as a national priority, requiring cross-sector collaboration and active community participation. This article aims to describe the implementation and outcomes of a Community Service Program (Community Service) based on a collaborative approach to support stunting reduction efforts in Kelurahan Laksamana. The program employed a participatory method through health education, interactive discussions, and partnership strengthening among the community, health workers, and educational institutions. The results indicate an increased level of community awareness and understanding regarding stunting, the importance of routine health check-ups, and the role of families in stunting prevention. Furthermore, the program strengthened partnerships and enhanced community trust in local health services. This community service activity contributes positively to building collective awareness and serves as a strategic initial step toward sustainable stunting reduction at the local level.

This study aims to analyze the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model to improve students’ creativity in Social Studies and to measure its effectiveness in enhancing creative learning outcomes. The research was conducted as a Classroom Action Research (CAR) across two cycles during the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year, involving 30 fifth-grade students at SD Inpres Barombong 2. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation, while analysis employed descriptive statistics for quantitative data and reduction–triangulation techniques for qualitative data. The creativity indicators examined included fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Findings reveal that the implementation of PjBL significantly enhanced students’ creative thinking skills, as evidenced by an overall increase in average scores across all creativity indicators. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the PjBL model was reflected in the improved implementation of its instructional syntax, progressing from the “Moderate” category in the initial cycle to “High” and eventually “Very High” in the subsequent cycle. These outcomes confirm that PjBL promotes active, student-centered, and collaborative learning that fosters creativity in Social Studies. The study concludes that continuous implementation of PjBL is essential for cultivating creativity in elementary classrooms and suggests further research to explore its applicability in different contexts and educational levels.

Higher education institutions play a strategic role in building a quality education ecosystem by strengthening the competency of human resources, particularly educators. As a higher education institution, Batang Hari Islamic University is required to ensure that its lecturers possess the skills to meet the ever-changing developments in science and technology, as well as the needs of society. To address these challenges, community service activities are being implemented to enhance the capacity of lecturers, enabling them to support the creation of a superior and competitive higher education ecosystem. These activities are implemented through various methods, such as workshops, training, and participatory mentoring. The primary focus is on improving digital literacy, mastery of innovative learning methods, scientific publication skills, and quality-based research and community service management. With this approach, lecturers not only gain new knowledge but also practical skills that can be directly applied in daily academic processes. The results of these activities demonstrate a significant increase in lecturers' insights and skills, particularly in the use of digital-based learning technologies, increased productivity of scientific work, and the expansion of academic networks with various partners. These changes contribute to the growth of a more dynamic, collaborative, and innovative academic culture. Overall, these activities have had a positive impact on Batang Hari Islamic University by fostering an academic environment that is responsive to changing times. In this way, universities not only strengthen their competitiveness at the national level, but also have the potential to improve their position on the global stage through competent, creative, and quality-oriented lecturers.