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The waste problem in Tamanan village is an issue that needs serious attention because of its impact on environmental pollution and public health. One of the main challenges is the low awareness of residents, especially elementary school children, in terms of good and correct waste management. A lot of waste is thrown carelessly without sorting, which results in a decrease in the quality of cleanliness and health of the village environment. This community service program aims to improve students' understanding and skills in waste management through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach for 40 days. This program involves students of MI Nurur Rahman and SDN Tamanan 1 as the main subjects. The activities carried out include socialization about the importance of waste management, the delivery of material on types of waste, as well as the practice of sorting organic, inorganic, and B3 waste. In addition, the installation of educational media in the school environment and evaluation monitoring were also carried out. The results of the evaluation showed that 73% of students were able to answer the quiz questions correctly ≥70%, which indicates their good understanding of waste management. Some students also began to implement the habit of separating waste at home and inviting families to participate. Support from village officials and the existence of educational media are expected to strengthen the sustainability of this program. Participatory approaches have proven to be effective in raising environmental awareness and can be implemented sustainably through collaboration between schools, communities, and village governments.

Red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a type of legumes (Leguminaceae) that have a high content of starch and fiber. The high fiber content causes red beans to prevent coronary heart disease. Red beans also have a low glycemic index so they can lower cholesterol levels in the blood and the risk of diabetes. Red beans also contain phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants in the body. Red beans are classified as food ingredients that can support the increase in nutritional value because they are classified as a relatively affordable source of vegetable protein. The purpose of this counseling is to provide knowledge and processed skills from local commodities, in this case red beans, to students majoring in Agribusiness of Agricultural Products at SMK Negeri 1 Bawen. This activity was attended by 68 students majoring in Agribusiness and Agricultural Products and 1 assistant teacher from SMK Negeri 1 Bawen, Semarang Regency. The method of this red bean processing extension activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of making processed local food products with several methods: a. The lecture method provides the theory and practice of making kidney bean cookies. b. Practice method of making red bean cut ice. c. The question and answer method, used to provide feedback to participants about the material that has been presented during the activity. d. Evaluation is given by providing pre test and post test. After the implementation, it showed that the target, namely students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen, increased their knowledge and understood the importance of post-harvest handling and processing of red beans with the practice of making red bean cut ice. This is based on questions and answers, interviews and questionnaires shared before and after the activity. From the results of the questionnaire conducted before and after the activity, it showed that: After the implementation, there was a 50.17% increase in knowledge about kidney bean processing, Knowledge about making kidney beans into cut ice increased by 65.32% and Knowledge of other processed kidney beans such as kidney bean cookies showed that there was an increase of 67.15% after counseling. The conclusions that can be drawn from this counseling activity are (1) Processed red bean extension activities can increase the knowledge and understanding of the participants (2) The responses given by the counseling participants show a fairly satisfactory interest and there is a desire to apply the newly acquired knowledge to be socialized in the surrounding environment.

This study examines two main issues related to palm oil trading transactions in Kuala Keritang Village, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The first issue concerns the analysis of pricing mechanisms in palm oil trading, while the second focuses on the review of Islamic business ethics in such transactions. The objective of this research is to understand in detail how the price determination system operates in the local palm oil market and to assess the extent to which these trading practices align with the principles of Islamic business ethics. To address these issues, a qualitative descriptive method was employed. This approach was chosen because it allows for a comprehensive description of facts, data, and trading mechanisms while providing space for critical analysis in relation to Islamic values. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, which were then described, analyzed, and discussed in order to answer the research questions thoroughly. The findings indicate that, in general, palm oil trading practices in Kuala Keritang Village are similar to other common trading systems, but they differ in terms of price-setting mechanisms. In practice, the price of palm oil is largely determined by buyers based on market conditions, which often creates injustice for farmers as sellers. From the perspective of Islamic business ethics, this practice does not fully comply with the principles of fairness, honesty, and mutual benefit, which are essential foundations of Islamic economic transactions. The study concludes that violations of Islamic business ethics principles, particularly regarding fairness in pricing, still occur in palm oil trading within the village. Therefore, improvements are needed in the transaction system so that palm oil trading in Kuala Keritang can be carried out in accordance with sharia principles, ensuring justice and mutual benefit for both sellers and buyers.

In this study, a quantitative research approach was used, with two variables: motivation as the independent variable and work productivity as the dependent variable. The survey method was employed, with a sample of 26 employees from the Wajo Intellectual Mandiri Job Training Institute. The data analysis techniques used included quantitative descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and simple regression analysis. Data collection was carried out through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The findings indicate that both the motivation and work productivity variables are rated highly, based on the respondents' answers from the questionnaire distribution. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between motivation and employee work productivity at the Wajo Intellectual Mandiri Job Training Institute in Wajo Regency. This study highlights the importance of motivation in enhancing work productivity and provides valuable insights for improving organizational performance by fostering motivation among employees. The findings can be used as a basis for developing strategies to optimize employee productivity in similar organizational settings. 

This community service activity aims to increase awareness of digital media ethics for new students at UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan through a digital literacy seminar entitled Digital Literacy for Soft Skill Development in Facing the 5.0 Era. This activity was carried out as part of the national program named Makin Cakap Digital which was initiated by the Ministry of Communication and Information in collaboration with Siberkreasi and ICT Volunteers. It was implemented in three stages, namely delivery of material accompanied by actual case studies, interactive discussions, questions and answers, as well as reflection and evaluation of participants' understanding. Through a service method with a participatory approach, this activity aims to foster students' critical awareness of digital communication ethics and media responsibility. The results of the activity showed that students experienced increased knowledge and awareness in using digital space wisely. Participants understand the concept of netiquette and digital responsibility. Additionally, they can also think critically about information and show a positive attitude in interacting on social media.

This community service activity was carried out with the aim of improving the memory of students at the Baiturrahman Islamic Boarding School (TPQ) through the implementation of group guidance based on an interactive question and answer method. The background of this program is based on the problem of low retention of religious material that has been learned by students, so the learning approach is needed that does not only emphasize memorization, but also activates the process of critical and in-depth thinking. In its implementation, the activity is designed to involve students directly in group discussions guided by a facilitator. The questions posed are structured in such a way as to stimulate repetition of information, encourage logical reasoning, and help students connect the learning material with real experiences in everyday life. Through this process, students are not only asked to answer questions but are also trained to develop broader answers, thereby strengthening understanding and improving communication skills. This program also prioritizes a fun, collaborative, and participatory learning atmosphere so that students feel more motivated to actively participate. Evaluation results show a significant increase in students' ability to remember, understand, and re-present learning material more quickly, accurately, and coherently. Furthermore, this activity also has a positive impact on increasing students' self-confidence in the learning process and strengthening collaborative skills among group members. Thus, group guidance using the question-and-answer method can be considered an effective learning strategy for strengthening students' memory and increasing their learning motivation.

Using Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) as a framework, this study will examine the many ways in which MAN 3 Medan students blunder while answering problems involving logarithms and exponentials. A total of thirty-one MIPA class X students served as subjects for this qualitative descriptive study. Essay tests, interviews with math instructors, and records of student work all contributed to the data set. Data analysis involves reducing, presenting, and making conclusions while triangulating sources to ensure the data is legitimate. According to the research, the two most common points of mistake are when people are trying to grasp the issue and when they are trying to convert it. This is because pupils have a hard time grasping the characteristics and fundamental ideas of logarithms and have a habit of rote memorization rather than critical thinking. Other factors that also affect include the lack of utilization of learning media and low student learning motivation. After being given discussion-based learning and interactive media, the post-test results showed an increase in comprehension and a decrease in conceptual errors. This research recommends that teachers should emphasize student-centered learning by strengthening basic concepts and implementing contextual problem-solving strategies.

This study aims to investigate the role of teachers in developing literacy among early childhood learners at TK Irama Jaya Ulapato A, located in Telaga Biru District, Gorontalo Regency. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The subjects of the study are the teachers at TK Irama Jaya Ulapato A. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that teachers play a significant role in fostering literacy in early childhood, particularly through storytelling activities. In its implementation, teachers act as motivators by giving praise to children who are able to answer questions as a form of positive reinforcement. As facilitators, teachers provide learning materials such as storybooks used during the learning process. Furthermore, teachers also serve as evaluators, conducting direct assessments of the children’s understanding related to literacy activities. Lastly, teachers function as class managers, creating an enjoyable learning environment and engaging activities that help increase children's interest in learning and improve their literacy skills.

This research aims to develop a transaction data security system on the web-based Pancadaya Waste Bank application by applying a hybrid cryptographic algorithm that combines Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA). The problem faced in the previous system is the weak recording and security of customer transaction data, because the process is still carried out manually so that it is prone to recording errors, loss of important information, and potential misuse of data by unauthorized parties. To answer these problems, this study uses the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method which allows the application development process to be carried out quickly, flexibly, structured, and according to user needs. The research method used was a qualitative approach with interview techniques with the management of the Pancadaya Waste Bank and the Environment Office, as well as an in-depth literature study on the application of hybrid cryptographic algorithms in modern information systems. The system is built using the PHP programming language, MySQL database, and OpenSSL library as the main support for the data encryption and decryption process. The implementation of the algorithm is carried out by encrypting transaction data using AES for efficiency and speed, then the AES key is secured through RSA to ensure a higher level of security while preventing illegal access. The test results showed that the system was able to encrypt and decrypt transaction data in real-time, as well as display transaction results in the form of digital notes on deposit and balance withdrawal activities. In addition, performance tests using GTmetrix showed that the application has excellent speed, stability, and processing efficiency, making it feasible to be widely implemented in Pancadaya Waste Bank operations.

Divine love is the ultimate goal of human life and occupies the highest maqam in the spiritual journey. This love begins from self-love that grows because it always remembers the Creator (Allah), then dissolves in dhikr and deep spiritual contemplation, until a person begins to let go of his attachment to the world and prefers closeness to Allah. Love for Allah is a deep mental condition, in which the beloved (human) is willing to open the veil of his ego in order to welcome the presence of the true Lover (Allah). In this context, Jalaluddin Rumi's thinking is particularly relevant, especially when viewed philosophically as to how Divine love becomes possible to grow in a person. It can also be seen as an answer to the disruptive attempts of Western thought that tend to separate spirituality and human existence. Morality is a principle that is closely related to good and bad in human behavior. Human actions are inseparable from moral judgment, whether they are right or wrong, good or bad. Humans as spiritual beings have an awareness of the meaning and purpose of life, different from other beings who, although intelligent, do not have an existential dimension and transcendent consciousness. This awareness is the basis for the emergence of moral responsibility and the search for the true meaning of life. 

The Qur'an, as the greatest miracle revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, possesses a linguistic excellence unmatched by Arab writers, both during and after the revelation. The beauty of its sentence structure, rhetorical power, and the depth of meaning in each sentence make the Qur'an an authentic proof of the Prophet's prophethood. Among the prominent linguistic characteristics in the Qur'an is the use of the istifham style interrogative sentences, which in the science of balaghah is included in the branch of ma'ani. Interrogative sentences in the Qur'an are not always intended to ask for answers, but often contain rhetorical intent that strengthens arguments, raises awareness, or even touches the psychological aspects of the reader. 

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and work morale on employee performance at company X, both partially and simultaneously. The study used a quantitative approach with a causal associative design aimed at testing the cause-and-effect relationship between variables. The study population consisted of 37 permanent employees who were also sampled using a total sampling technique, so that the entire population was represented in the study. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire using a Likert scale, which allows respondents to provide measurable answers. The collected data were analyzed through multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program version 26 to test the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The results showed that the transformational leadership variable obtained an average score of 3.86 which is included in the good category, the work morale variable had an average score of 4.08 also in the good category, and the employee performance variable obtained an average score of 4.17 which is in the good category. Partial regression analysis revealed that transformational leadership has a significant influence on employee performance with a contribution of 40%. Meanwhile, work morale also has a significant influence, although its contribution is smaller at 10%. Simultaneously, both independent variables, transformational leadership and work morale, significantly influenced employee performance, with a combined contribution of 41%. This finding indicates that a transformational leadership style implemented by leaders and high employee work morale can significantly improve performance. However, 59% of other factors outside this study also influence employee performance, such as organizational culture, reward systems, work environment, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of implementing transformational leadership and company efforts to improve employee work morale to achieve optimal performance.

This study is aim to find out the significant effect of using grammar racing game to the students’ grammar score (simple present tense)  and the students’ interest toward grammar racing as media in teaching grammar for the Students of Elementary School Education Teacher Program In University of Palangka Raya. The study includes in Quantitative Paradigm with Experimental Design. The researcher designed the Lesson Plan, conducted the treatment and observed the students’ score by pretest and posttest. The population of study was at the first semester students which consisted of three classes. The researcher chose 1A as sample. The sample was determined using purposive sampling technique. After getting the data that were from pretest and posttest, the researcher analyzed the data using ttest formula to test the hypothesis stated based on the result of analysis, it was found that the value of tobserved = 8.677 and the ttable =2.03. It showed that the tobserved was higher than the ttable and to answer the second alternative hypotheses research used questionnaire there are 94 % of 43 students of 1A was interest toward grammar racing game as media in teaching grammar. The result of testing hypothesis determined that the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) stating that there was significant effect of using grammar racing game toward student’s grammar score of Elementary School Education Teacher Program was accepted and Ho stating that there was no significant effect of using grammar racing toward student’s grammar score was rejected.

Education plays a fundamental role in shaping character, developing personality, and exploring students' potential. Schools should ideally be safe, comfortable, and conducive spaces for student growth and development. However, reality shows that the school environment is still vulnerable to negative behaviors such as bullying and sexual violence. Bullying is understood as aggressive behavior carried out repeatedly with the aim of harming the victim, whether through physical, verbal, social, or online media (cyberbullying). Meanwhile, sexual violence includes various forms of sexual acts without the victim's consent, which have serious impacts on psychological, social, and academic achievement. Sexual violence in schools not only harms the victims physically but also leaves deep psychological scars that may affect their future. To respond to this problem, KKM Group 30 Bina Bangsa University conducted a socialization activity entitled "Stop Bullying and Sexual Violence" at SMAN X, District Y. The main objective of this activity was to provide in-depth understanding, build awareness, and encourage mutual respect in the school environment. The outreach was conducted through several methods, including presentations by resource persons, educational drama performances depicting real-life cases, and interactive question-and-answer sessions involving active student participation. Interactive sessions are essential to engage students and encourage them to express their thoughts openly. The results of the activities demonstrated high student enthusiasm, increased understanding of the forms and impacts of bullying and sexual violence, and a growing awareness to report victims or witnesses. These activities emphasized that prevention is not solely the responsibility of schools but also requires collaboration between students, teachers, parents, and the wider community. This creates a safe, comfortable learning environment free from all forms of violence.

Spiritual well-being in psychology is used to discuss the process of achieving spiritual conditions in individuals. Spiritual well-being is a concept regarding an innate state, has elements of motivation or drive to find the purpose of one's life, is dynamic and subjective in nature, and focuses on a certain uniqueness which is then believed to be the truth. One way to improve spiritual well-being is through dhikr activities, which are usually used as one of the psychotherapies in Islam. Epistemology as a branch of philosophy determines the character of knowledge, even determining the truths that are considered worthy of being accepted, and which ones should be rejected. Therefore, there are a number of questions that are usually asked to examine the issues in epistemology, namely what is knowledge, what are the sources and bases of knowledge? Is this knowledge a definite truth or just a guess? To answer all questions regarding the epistemology of knowledge, this article will examine in more depth the theories of knowledge and truth in epistemology. The method used in writing this article is a literature study. After presenting several explanations from various literature sources, it can be concluded that it is almost impossible to talk about "knowledge" without considering things about "truth".    

The presence of scattered waste in the environment has a significant impact on both environmental sustainability and human health. In Indonesia, the accumulation of waste has reached alarming levels, amounting to approximately 175,000 tons per day, or the equivalent of 64 million tons annually. Household activities are one of the main contributors, producing a wide variety of waste, including organic and non-organic materials. Poto Village is among the areas receiving particular attention regarding this issue due to the challenges it faces in waste management. Improper management of waste not only leads to air, water, and soil pollution but also increases the risk of various health problems within the community. One of the programs designed to address this problem is the 3R program, which emphasizes three main principles: reduce, recycle, and reuse. The purpose of this community service initiative is to improve public knowledge and awareness of effective waste management through the application of 3R practices. The activities were carried out in three main stages, namely preparation, education, and discussion through a question-and-answer session. The process began with a socialization activity that introduced the objectives, purposes, and sustainability aspects of waste management efforts in the village. The educational session was attended by 30 participants, consisting of housewives, farmers, and entrepreneurs, who represented key groups within the community. Furthermore, interviews with local cadres revealed that waste is collected weekly by garbage trucks, indicating the village’s commitment to environmental management. Participants responded enthusiastically throughout the educational sessions, showing a strong interest and positive reception toward the information provided. As a follow-up step, future activities could include hands-on training in waste management using available media and tools, which would allow participants to apply the concepts learned in a practical and sustainable manner.

School laboratories are learning environments that have high potential hazards, both from exposure to chemicals, the use of complex equipment, and other environmental factors. Unfortunately, the application of occupational safety and health (K3) principles in schools is still often ignored, increasing the risk of accidents and occupational diseases. In response to this issue, the S1 Occupational Safety and Health Study Program of the Batari Toja Bone Institute carried out Community Service (PKM) activities which aimed to increase students' understanding of the importance of K3 culture in the laboratory. This activity was held on August 13, 2025 at SMAN 3 Bone by involving students of class XII.F.3 as the main participants. The method of implementing the activity includes filling out an initial questionnaire to measure the level of initial understanding of students, delivering material through lectures and direct demonstrations, and interactive question and answer sessions to deepen participants' understanding. The material presented included identification of potential hazards in the laboratory, procedures for using personal protective equipment (PPE), recognition of K3 signs, and strategies to prevent the risk of work accidents. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in students' understanding of aspects of K3, which was shown through the comparison of questionnaire results before and after the activity. Students become more aware of the importance of using PPE, are able to recognize K3 signs, and understand preventive measures in dealing with potential dangers in the laboratory. This activity is expected to encourage the formation of a K3 culture in the school environment, so as to create a safe, healthy, and productive learning atmosphere. In addition, this program is an educational model that can be replicated in other schools as a preventive effort in managing work risks in the educational environment.

This research aims to formulate an inclusive Christian Religious Education (CRE) strategy by making love the core pedagogical principle in responding to the challenges of diversity in the modern era. The problem addressed is the prevalent tendency toward exclusive and normative CRE approaches, which are often less relevant in diverse societies. The methodology employed is qualitative descriptive through a literature review of theological and pedagogical works. The novelty of this study lies in integrating love as an educational approach that is not only a taught value but also a teaching method and a transformative goal. The findings indicate that love can foster dialogical and empathetic relationships in the learning process, strengthen Christian identity without being exclusive, and empower teachers to act as facilitators of reconciliation. Thus, this approach enables CRE to be relevant and contextual, shaping students with Christian character who are ready to be agents of peace in a pluralistic society.

Osteoporosis is a common health problem among the elderly, particularly in women, caused by decreased bone mass influenced by age, hormonal changes, lifestyle, nutritional intake, and physical activity. WHO data (2015) shows that the prevalence of osteoporosis in women increases significantly with age, and in Indonesia, the prevalence has reached an alarming level of 19.7% of the population. West Java has recorded an osteoporosis risk of 22.3% (Ministry of Health, 2015). Low calcium intake and lack of physical activity are modifiable factors that can help prevent bone density loss. This health education program aimed to increase the knowledge of Aisyiyah District Leaders in Cirebon Regency regarding osteoporosis in the elderly, its risk factors, prevention strategies, and its impact on joint health. The target participants were pre-elderly and elderly women, especially members of the Branch and District Leaders of Aisyiyah in Cirebon Regency. The method used included lectures and question-and-answer sessions supported by presentation media. Participants’ knowledge was evaluated using oral pre-tests and post-tests. The program outcomes are expected to raise awareness and understanding of the importance of consuming calcium-rich foods, getting adequate sunlight exposure, and engaging in regular physical activity as preventive measures against osteoporosis. Furthermore, this activity plays a role in reducing the incidence of osteoporosis among the elderly through continuous community-based health education.

This study aims to describe the understanding of high school students in solving high, medium, and low category HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) problems and to explore the students' responses in solving problems related to the material of SPLTV (System of Linear Equations with Three Variables). This research is qualitative in nature, using a descriptive method. The subject selection technique used purposive sampling, involving three students from class X IPA/IPS SMAIT Nurul Fajri, with a total of 19 students. The data collection techniques included written tests on mathematical concept understanding using HOTS, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results, it was found that the students' understanding of mathematical concepts in solving HOTS problems varied. The subject NF-17, with high ability, was able to answer well, including restating the concepts studied in problems 1, 2, and 4, classifying objects based on concepts, applying concepts algorithmically, relating various mathematical concepts internally or externally, providing examples or counterexamples, and presenting concepts in various representations in problems 1, 3, and 4. The subject NF-18, with medium ability, showed more limited results. Although able to restate concepts in problem 4, this subject could only classify objects based on concepts and apply concepts algorithmically in problems 1 and 4. This subject could only provide examples or counterexamples in problem 1. The subject NF-10, with low ability, was only able to restate concepts studied in problem 1 and did not show more in-depth understanding in other problems. These findings indicate variations in students' understanding of mathematical concepts in the SPLTV material.