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The creation of this artwork was inspired by the artist, who is a native of the Batak Toba tribe from Pollung District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. This area is known as a horse breeding region, which produces waste in the form of horsehide scraps. This waste is then utilized as an alternative medium for painting. The idea for the artwork was inspired by traditional Batak Toba games rich in cultural value. This research aims to visualize the form, historical background, and function of traditional Batak Toba games through paintings. In the creation process, horsehide and oil paint were used as media. Each painting depicts the visual form of the traditional game with a simple approach yet still reflects the characteristics and meaning of the games. The method of creating the artwork is based on the stages described by Hedriyana, which include five stages: preparation, elaboration, contemplation, the creation process, and completion of the artwork. The final result of this research is a series of paintings with various titles, as the author's visual interpretation of traditional Batak Toba games.

Traditional games play an important role in early childhood development, particularly in stimulating creativity and social skills. One such game from Gorontalo, Indonesia is Awuta, which is now rarely played but holds great potential in supporting children's growth. Awuta enhances fine and gross motor skills, encourages strategic thinking, and fosters teamwork. The game also incorporates cultural and philosophical values about the cycle of life and death. This study uses a qualitative literature approach to explore how Awuta supports cognitive, social, and physical development while strengthening cultural identity. Reviving traditional games like Awuta is crucial for balanced learning and character education in the digital era.

The development of the era has influenced children's play patterns, who are now more familiar with digital games than traditional games. In fact, traditional games have educational and cultural values ​​that are important for the development of children's gross motor skills and psychomotor skills. This study uses a literature study method by analyzing 15 relevant articles to examine the contribution of traditional games to early childhood development. The results of the study show that traditional games such as catapults, jump rope, and gobak sodor can improve children's coordination, balance, and social skills through interaction and cooperation. This game not only strengthens large muscles, but also shapes children's character holistically, including empathy, responsibility, and decision making. Therefore, it is important for parents and educators to preserve and integrate traditional games in learning activities as a means of stimulating children's overall development.  

Village cleaning is an annual tradition carried out by the people of Nagari Sitiung, West Sumatra, as a form of expression of gratitude for the harvest and abundance of sustenance. This tradition has local wisdom values ​​that have been passed down from generation to generation and are still preserved to this day. Village cleaning is generally carried out before the new planting season or after a large harvest, as an effort to maintain a harmonious relationship between humans, nature, and invisible forces that are believed to play a role in the balance of life. A series of activities in this tradition include working together to clean the village environment, joint prayer rituals, and various traditional events and traditional arts that are symbols of hope for blessings in the future. In this procession, the community shares roles and responsibilities, which shows the strong social ties between them. In addition, this tradition is an event for reflection and friendship, where migrants who return to their hometowns take part in the excitement of the event. The symbolic meaning of the village cleaning tradition lies not only in the ritual aspect, but also in the values ​​of togetherness, solidarity, and respect for ancestors. By maintaining this tradition, the people of Nagari Sitiung are trying to maintain their cultural identity amidst the changing times. The village clean tradition is also a reflection of the close relationship between humans and the environment, as well as a form of cultural adaptation that is rich in philosophical meaning. Through this tradition, the ancestral heritage remains alive as an important part of people's daily lives. 

This study aims to examine the role of the traditional Ponti game in fostering values ​​of togetherness in early childhood at PAUD Kiddi Care Gorontalo. The Ponti game is a typical Gorontalo game that contains educational values ​​such as honesty, cooperation, discipline, sportsmanship, and tolerance. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews with teachers and principals, and documentation of children's activities while playing. The results of the observations showed that children showed increased social skills, the ability to work together, and the development of positive attitudes such as honesty and sportsmanship during the game. However, several challenges were also identified, including children's limited understanding of the game's rules, fear of losing, and inadequate play facilities, which hindered the optimal implementation of activities. Interviews with teachers and principals revealed that the Ponti game plays a major role in shaping children's social character and strengthening local cultural identity. However, intensive guidance, emotional habituation, and support facilities are needed to maximize the benefits of this game. These findings suggest that the traditional Ponti game is not only an effective medium of entertainment but also a fun and contextual learning tool that can shape children's character as a whole. Therefore, Ponti games need to be integrated consistently into early childhood learning activities and supported by cultural preservation programs and relevant education policies.

This study aims to examine the role of the traditional rope jumping game in stimulating the development of gross motor skills and social skills of early childhood at Kiddi Care Kindergarten. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct observation and interviews with accompanying teachers. The results of the observation indicate that the rope jumping game can enhance children's motor coordination, balance, agility, and muscle strength, which are crucial components of gross motor development. In addition, this game also strengthens children's abilities in concentration, discipline, and cooperation. Children appear enthusiastic, can follow the rules, and show positive social interactions during the activity. Interviews with teachers support these findings, where teachers state that the rope jumping game is an effective means of training physical skills while shaping children's character. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the traditional rope jumping game is a worthy addition to early childhood learning as a fun and holistic educational medium.

In an effort to improve the quality of environmental sanitation in traditional markets, this community service program involves students as agents of change. Traditional markets are often a gathering place for various wastes and impurities, which can have a negative impact on public health. This activity aims to increase public awareness and knowledge, especially traders and market visitors, about the importance of environmental sanitation. Through the social services carried out, students provide information about good sanitation practices and how to maintain a clean environment. The results of this activity are expected to create positive changes, improve public health, and make traditional markets a clean and comfortable place. This program is not only beneficial to the community, but also a valuable experience for students in applying the knowledge they learn, as well as developing social concern and responsibility for the environment.

This study compares sex work regulations in Indonesia and Thailand through the lens of human security. Using qualitative comparative literature approach, the research analyzes four core dimensions including health, economy, legal protection, and social inclusion. Findings show that Indonesia still relies on criminalization, which exacerbates vulnerability, restricts access to health services, and reinforces stigma. Conversely, Thailand is undergoing a regulatory transition marked by community engagement, harm reduction practices, and early steps toward decriminalization. However, Thailand’s policy remains incomplete in addressing the rights of migrant and transgender sex workers. The study concludes that while Thailand provides a more inclusive model, both countries require further policy reform distinguishing voluntary sex work from exploitation, strengthening grassroots organizations, and regional policy harmonization under ASEAN human rights framework.

Sea armed robbery is one of the growing non-traditional threats that has a significant impact on maritime security in Southeast Asia. This study aims to examine the dynamics of sea armed robbery in the Southeast Asian region and analyze regional efforts through various multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms. The method used in this research is a qualitative study with a descriptive-analytical approach. There are countermeasures through forums such as the ASEAN Maritime Forum (AMF), ASEAN Coast Guard Forum (ACGF), and the ReCAAP agreement in reducing piracy incidents. However, these efforts still face challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen institutional capacity, harmonize policies, and increase trust and collaboration between countries to form a regional maritime security system that is more resilient and adaptive to dynamic threats.

Since the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015, all economic actors—including SMEs and microenterprises—are expected to improve and adapt in order to enhance the quality of both goods and services. Failure to do so may result in Indonesia becoming a "soft target" market for other ASEAN countries, given its status as the most populous country in the region with over 270 million people. SMEs and microenterprises, which represent the embodiment of people-based economic democracy, would be particularly vulnerable if goods and services from various ASEAN countries continue to flood the Indonesian market. Recognizing this situation, empowering SMEs and microenterprises is not only necessary but inevitable to help the nation discover its identity through the development of comparative and competitive advantages. This activity began by identifying existing problems, followed by determining suitable solutions. The method used involves training and mentoring.The outcome of this initiative is the improved capability of the traditional cake microenterprise to optimize its sales by using locally sourced raw materials. As a result, the "Puji Lestari" Traditional Cake Microenterprise has successfully enhanced its production capacity and business management.Financial reporting is also a crucial aspect of business development. A well-maintained financial report reflects the progress of the business, particularly through the net profits it generates. These outcomes serve as indicators of increased empowerment and the strengthening of the enterprise.

Aceh is known as a province with cultural diversity and customs that are the outlook on life of its people. Customs are highly preserved because they are ancestral heritage that must be passed on to the next generation. One important aspect of culture is the regional language, which is an inseparable part of people's lives. Language functions as a means of communication to interact and build social relationships. Language is a meaningful expression used to convey messages that can be understood by the listener (Rizky, 2012). The Acehnese people are known to have a strong culture, reflected in the expression "matee aneuk meupat jeurat, gadoh adat pat tamita" which contains deep philosophical values. This expression shows people's awareness of the importance of customs in everyday life. Acehnese customs are an integral part of the culture that continues to live and develop in society. This custom makes a major contribution to the continuity of socio-cultural life in Aceh

This study aims to examine how the tradition of manaqib contributes to the actualization of the values of Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah (Aswaja) within the society of Majalengka. As a cultural-religious heritage of Islam Nusantara, manaqib is not merely seen as a spiritual ritual, but also as a vital medium for instilling Islamic values that emphasize moderation (tawassuth), tolerance (tasamuh), balance (tawazun), and justice (i’tidal). Using a qualitative descriptive approach and literature review method, this study draws on various academic sources and journal articles. The findings reveal that manaqib plays a strategic role in shaping the spiritual character of society, strengthening traditional religious identity, and preserving social cohesion and harmony. However, the tradition faces significant challenges in the modern era, such as the rise of puritan movements and shifting societal lifestyles. Therefore, revitalization efforts through contextual approaches and the use of digital media are crucial to ensure the continued relevance and transmission of Aswaja values to future generations.

This study aims to analyze the determination of selling prices and enthusiasts by traders and their relationship with demand fluctuations in the traditional market of MMTC Medan. The method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis method with a survey approach, involving three traders, namely rice, onion, and cabbage traders, data collected through direct interviews. The results of the study show that the setting of selling prices by traders has an effect on market enthusiasts as well as fluctuations in demand. Merchants set prices based on a combination of cost of goods sold, competitor prices, and estimated consumer purchasing power. Significant price fluctuations tend to lower the volume of demand, especially in non-primary products, and also poor quality of goods. Thus, this study concludes that understanding demand patterns and price adaptability are the main key factors in maintaining the business continuity of traders in the traditional market of MMTC Medan.

Panjang Mulud tradition is one form of local wisdom that has developed in society as part of the celebration of the birth of Prophet Muhammad (Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW). This study aims to describe the meaning, symbolism, and the cultural and religious values embedded in the tradition. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies on the implementation of Panjang Mulud in various regions, particularly in Java. The results show that Panjang Mulud is not merely a ceremonial celebration, but also a form of reverence for the Prophet Muhammad and a manifestation of social solidarity and the preservation of local culture. This tradition is rich in spiritual, social, and educational values that help strengthen the religious and cultural identity of the community. Therefore, Panjang Mulud is an important part of cultural heritage that deserves to be preserved amid the currents of modernization and globalization.

Lombok Island is home to a rich culinary heritage, with traditional dishes deeply rooted in Sasak culture and potential functional food value. This literature review investigates five iconic Lombok dishes—Ayam Taliwang, Plecing Kangkung, Sate Bulayak, Ares, and Beberuk Terong—focusing on their nutritional profiles, bioactive compounds, and health-related properties. Adopting the PRISMA-ScR approach, this study synthesizes 30 scientific articles published between 2014–2024 and compares findings with the Indonesian Food Composition Table (TKPI). Results reveal the presence of bioactive compounds such as capsaicin, curcumin, allicin, flavonoids, and nasunin, with antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, and cardioprotective effects. The review highlights challenges in food safety (e.g., acrylamide, aflatoxin risks), along with the need for standardized recipes and modern packaging strategies. The paper recommends further scientific validation and sustainable innovation to transform Lombok's traditional cuisine into evidence-based functional food products that strengthen local identity, promote public health, and boost Indonesia’s healthy food industry.

This study aims to examine how the Grebeg Pancasila tradition plays a role in instilling nationalistic values and character building for the younger generation in Blitar City. Grebeg Pancasila, which is routinely held every year, is a form of respect for Pancasila as the foundation of the state, as well as an educational medium in introducing national values to young people. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The informants in this study consisted of officers in the Bung Karno Tomb area, cultural officials, and a number of young people who participated in the series of Grebeg Pancasila activities. The results of the study show that this tradition makes a great contribution to fostering a sense of love for the homeland, strengthening a sense of unity, and building the character of the younger generation, especially in terms of discipline, responsibility, and a spirit of cooperation. Through activities such as cultural parades, joint prayers, various competitions, and community service, young people are trained to understand and practice the values of Pancasila in everyday life. These findings are expected to be input for local governments, communities, and related parties in efforts to preserve Grebeg Pancasila and develop similar activities that are more creative in instilling national values in the nation's next generation.

In the digital era like today, traditional games such as forts and gobak sodor are increasingly marginalized, even though these two games have great potential in supporting the motor and social development of elementary school children. This literature study aims to analyze the role of these two games in honing students' gross motor skills through running, jumping, and coordination activities, as well as social skills such as cooperation, communication, and sportsmanship. This research method uses a literature study with several stages, namely the data collection stage, the classification stage, the analysis stage, the synthesis stage, and the interpretation stage of relevant sources. The results of the study indicate that forts and gobak sodor are effective in training children's gross motor skills through dynamic movements such as running and dodging, while developing children's social values ​​through team interaction and collaborative strategies. Integration of traditional games in Physical Education learning in elementary schools can be a holistic strategy to improve students' physical and character development. The suggestion for educators is to modify these games so that they remain relevant to the current context without eliminating their educational value.

Traditional drama of the archipelago is one of Indonesia's cultural heritages that has an important role. This study aims to explore the plot structure and intrinsic elements in several forms of traditional drama in Indonesia. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach, with content analysis methods of scripts and performance documentation as the main data sources. The findings show that the plot of traditional drama generally consists of five narrative stages, namely introduction, emergence of conflict, climax, decline of tension, and resolution. Intrinsically, these dramas present universal themes such as justice, love, sacrifice and resistance to injustice, with characters clearly divided between good and evil. The plot tends to run chronologically, supported by settings that depict the real conditions of local communities, and dialog that is packaged in the form of rhymes, poems, or local languages. Moral messages are an important element in traditional dramas that strengthen local cultural values. Based on the results of the analysis, traditional Nusantara drama is proven to have a distinctive structure and rich intrinsic content, so it deserves more attention in the field of education and cultural preservation.

Debus is one of the typical traditions and cultures of Banten that combines elements of art, religion and spirituality in one unit. The art of Debus began to be introduced around the 16th century which until now is still an artistic heritage in Banten so it is interesting when viewed in terms of the values contained in the art. This journal aims to examine the values contained in the Debus tradition in Banten and its relevance to Islamic teachings. This research is a qualitative research by combining two data acquisitions in the form of literature and field studies, this study found that the Debus art tradition contains several elements, such as art elements (martial arts movements), religious elements (reading solawat), and spiritual elements (tawakal and self-surrender).

Pasar tradisional memainkan peran penting dalam memperkuat identitas budaya dan meningkatkan daya tarik pariwisata internasional. Pasar Seni di Kuala Lumpur adalah contoh utama dari keberhasilan transformasi pasar tradisional menjadi tujuan wisata budaya. Inisiatif community engagement ini merupakan kolaborasi antara Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Semarang dan Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Malaysia, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pemangku kepentingan tentang strategi branding untuk Pasar Seni sebagai destinasi pariwisata internasional. Metode yang digunakan antara lain lokakarya partisipatif, diskusi dengan pemilik bisnis lokal, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pelestarian budaya, pemasaran digital, dan keterlibatan masyarakat lokal menjadi faktor kunci dalam memperkuat citra Pasar Seni sebagai destinasi wisata global. Rekomendasi diberikan untuk pengembangan strategi branding untuk pasar tradisional di Asia Tenggara.