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Language contact that occurs in a multilingual society causes various linguistic events. One of these linguistic events is the language shift that occurs among children in Bantik Sumoit Village. This study aims to describe how the Bantik language shift occurs, the factors causing the Bantik language shift, and efforts to overcome the Bantik language shift among children in Bantik Sumoit Village, Bolaang Timur District. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research type located in Bantik Sumoit Village, Bolaang Timur District. The data collection technique used is by listening to direct conversations from children while recording and noting important things during the interaction process. Then data analysis is carried out by transcribing, reading, selecting data, identifying data, grouping/classifying, and making conclusions. The results of the study show that the use of the Bantik language has experienced a significant shift which is marked by indicators such as the replacement of traditional languages ​​by other languages ​​and the emergence of an imbalance in its use. This indicator indicates that language shift occurs when the use of the first and second languages ​​becomes unbalanced. If this balance is lost, there are two possibilities that can occur. First, the first language persists despite the influence of the second language. Second, the first language is replaced by the second language until it is no longer used. This is influenced by a number of factors, namely education, socio-economic conditions, environment, and family. Efforts to overcome language shift include: adding Bantik language as a local content subject (mulok) in schools, the active role of parents in using regional languages ​​in the family environment, and increasing public awareness of the importance of preserving regional languages ​​in everyday life.    

The skincare and cosmetics industry continues to grow as public awareness of self-care and beauty trends increases. However, the widespread use of single-use packaging in cosmetic products raises new issues in the context of environmental sustainability. This issue drives the importance of understanding how consumer perceptions of sustainability and other product attributes influence purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze the effect of perceptions of packaging sustainability, environmental awareness, product price, and packaging design on purchasing decisions for Wardah cosmetic products. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method of 111 respondents and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that packaging design and perceived packaging sustainability had a significant effect on purchasing decisions, with packaging design as the most dominant factor. In contrast, the variables of environmental concern and product price do not have a statistically significant effect. The model used explains 65.37% of the variation in consumer purchasing decisions. This study indicates that consumer decisions are more influenced by visual aspects and sustainability values that are explicitly communicated through packaging. This study supports the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework and provides a practical contribution for cosmetics manufacturers in designing sustainable packaging strategies.

Political advertising is one of the efforts to "market" themselves and political messages from candidates for power. As a candidate, Budi Rustandi (Budi) carries out propaganda by advertising with the aim of gaining power in Serang City in collaboration with Nur Agis Aulia (Agis). The purpose of the study in this article is to explain how the political advertisements of the Budi Agis pair that were broadcast in the mass media in Banten during the 2024 Serang Mayor and Deputy Mayor election succeeded in becoming a reliable strategy in achieving the goal of winning and being elected as Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Serang for the 2024-2029 period. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method, focusing research on the mass media advertisements of the Budi Agis pair accompanied by analysis using the concept of political communication. The results show that the political advertisements distributed by Budi-Agis have succeeded in forming a positive image. With political advertisements, they raise public awareness of their existence in the world of politics. In addition, Budi Agis' political advertisement also aims to strengthen the loyalty of members and sympathizers of the Gerindra Party and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) towards them while inviting non-party communities to vote for them.

Public transportation is a primary necessity for supporting daily activities in Denpasar City. One mode of transport that plays a strategic role is the Trans Sarbagita Bus. As a mass transportation service, this bus system is expected to provide effective, efficient, and affordable mobility. This study aims to analyze: (1) public perception of the effectiveness of the Trans Sarbagita Bus service; (2) the simultaneous effect of accessibility, punctuality, and ticket price on service effectiveness; (3) the partial effect of each of these variables; and (4) the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of the Trans Sarbagita Bus system. A quantitative method with an associative approach was employed. Data were collected from 105 active respondents through observation, interviews, and a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, and analyzed using multiple linear regression via SPSS. The findings show that: (1) public perception is generally positive, especially in terms of comfort and safety, although accessibility and punctuality remain suboptimal; (2) accessibility, punctuality, and ticket price simultaneously have a significant effect on service effectiveness; (3) each of these variables also has a positive and significant partial effect; and (4) strengths lie in low fares and safety, while key weaknesses include limited access and delays. Opportunities stem from policy support and rising public awareness, whereas threats include the dominance of private vehicles and low intermodal integration. It is recommended that the government enhance public transport campaigns through media and community partnerships, as well as expand bus stop access and intermodal connectivity to improve service effectiveness.

Blepharitis or inflammation of the eyelids is one of the common eye diseases, characterized by inflammation of the edges of the eyelids that can cause discomfort, irritation, and even visual disturbances. This disease can be chronic with recurrent symptoms such as red eyes, itching, watering, and the appearance of crust on the eyelashes. Proper and prompt diagnosis is necessary so that medical treatment can be carried out effectively and further complications can be prevented. This study aims to design and build an expert system based on the Fuzzy Logic method in helping diagnose blepharitis. The fuzzy method was chosen because it is able to handle the uncertainty of symptom data that often arises in the medical diagnosis process. This system is developed through the identification of the common symptoms of blepharitis, then processed using the fuzzy membership function to determine the type of disease based on the degree of symptom onset. The output of the system is in the form of the results of the diagnosis of blepharitis along with initial treatment recommendations that can be used as a reference for users. The results of the system test show that the application of fuzzy logic is able to provide diagnosis results that are quite accurate, fast, and easy to understand both medical personnel and the general public. This system is expected to help increase public awareness about the importance of early detection of blepharitis, as well as being a tool in the initial medical decision-making process. However, the limitations of this study lie in the limited amount of data and coverage of the type of blepharitis, so further development is needed, both in expanding the knowledge base, increasing the variety of symptoms, and improving system interaction with users.

This research explores cultural preservation strategies through the development of the tourism sector, using the Surakarta Palace as a case study. The Surakarta Palace, a cultural heritage site in Central Java with significant historical and cultural value, plays a vital role in preserving Javanese traditions while contributing to regional tourism growth. This study adopts a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the Surakarta Palace actively preserves culture through various initiatives such as organizing traditional ceremonies, staging classical Javanese art performances (like gamelan and wayang), and managing museums that house historical artifacts and royal collections. These strategies serve not only to maintain cultural continuity but also to increase the attractiveness of the palace as a cultural tourism destination. Despite these efforts, several challenges remain. These include limited financial resources, minimal use of digital media for promotion, and the lack of public awareness—especially among younger generations—regarding the importance of cultural heritage. To address these challenges, the study emphasizes the need for integrated collaboration between the government, the Surakarta Palace institution, and the surrounding community. Strengthening digital-based promotional strategies and educational outreach is also considered essential to increase public engagement and sustainable tourism impact. In conclusion, the Surakarta Palace serves as a strategic model for cultural preservation within the tourism framework. By improving stakeholder cooperation and adapting to technological advances, cultural heritage can be preserved effectively while supporting local economic development through tourism. Therefore, cultural preservation and tourism development should be positioned as complementary efforts, where the sustainability of both depends on strategic planning, inclusive participation, and adaptive innovation in facing the dynamic demands of modern tourism.

This study aims to describe the strategies implemented by Rumah Belajar Merah Putih in addressing the educational needs of children of commercial sex workers who are not enrolled in formal schooling. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that Rumah Belajar Merah Putih faces several challenges, including limited facilities and infrastructure, insufficient funding, low public awareness of the importance of education, a shortage of qualified teaching staff, and difficulties in establishing external partnerships. To overcome these obstacles, the organization has developed strategies encompassing four key aspects: (1) Corporate strategy, which emphasizes the formulation of a vision, mission, and goals in response to the community’s lack of attention to education; (2) Program strategy, designed based on the background of the learners to raise awareness of the importance of education; (3) Resource support strategy, aimed at addressing the limitations in teaching staff, funding, and facilities; and (4) Institutional strategy, focused on strengthening internal communication and expanding external partnerships to tackle collaboration challenges. These four strategies have proven effective in addressing the identified challenges and serve as a crucial foundation for providing inclusive education for children of commercial sex workers, although continuous improvement and reinforcement are still needed.

Femicide is the most extreme form of gender-based violence driven by unequal power relations through the patriarchal system. The absence of regulations and data collection on femicide cases in Indonesia encourages the importance of building public awareness. This research aims to find out how @indonesiahapusfemisida followers interpret femicide awareness and the strategies used by @indonesiahapusfemisida in building awareness as prevention. The research uses a qualitative method with a feminist perspective. Data was collected by observation, interview, and documentation. The results showed that followers understand gender-based violence that is systemic and rooted in patriarchal culture, misogyny, and sexism. The strategy of @indonesiahapusfemisida includes (1) getting to know the audience without being limited by background, (2) compiling femicide messages with a gender perspective with intersectional analysis, (3) using informative and educational methods, and (4) using digital media (Instagram), visual (infographics), and verbal (discussion).

The analysis in this study aims to evaluate the influence of Restaurant Tax, Parking Tax, and Groundwater Tax on the Regional Original Revenue (PAD) of Wonogiri Regency. A quantitative method was applied in this research, utilizing historical data collected from the Regional Financial Management Agency (BPKD) of Wonogiri Regency for the 2020–2024 period. The results indicate that the Restaurant Tax does not have a significant effect on PAD, with a significance value of 0.204. In contrast, both the Parking Tax and Groundwater Tax have a positive and significant impact on PAD, with significance values of 0.001 and 0.007, respectively. These findings suggest that although the number of restaurants has increased, the demand for restaurant services has not kept pace. Meanwhile, the growth in motor vehicle numbers and public awareness of groundwater tax obligations have contributed to the increase in PAD. This study recommends enhancing the effectiveness of tax management and improving public outreach regarding tax obligations by the local government.

The resolution of joint property disputes after divorce is a significant issue in Islamic family law in Indonesia, as it pertains to justice and legal protection for former spouses. One available alternative for settlement is through a Peace Deed (Akta Perdamaian), which results from the parties’ agreement and is ratified by the religious court judge. This study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method on the Decision of the Religious Court of Surabaya No. 1700/Pdt.G/2025/PA.SBY. The findings show that the Peace Deed is an effective instrument for resolving joint property disputes quickly, efficiently, and without prolonged litigation. Professionally conducted mediation plays a crucial role in reaching a fair and balanced agreement. Moreover, the court’s ratification of the agreement grants the Peace Deed binding legal force and allows for execution in case of non-compliance. This mechanism also helps reduce post-divorce emotional conflict and maintains good relations between parties. This study illustrates how the Peace Deed can serve as an alternative solution for resolving joint property disputes and offers recommendations for courts to optimize the role of mediation and expand public awareness about the benefits of dispute resolution through peaceful agreements.

Coastal environmental pollution, especially due to plastic waste, has become a serious threat to marine ecosystems and public health. Nambo Beach in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi, is one of the areas affected by the lack of waste management and low public awareness. This community service activity aims to increase community awareness and participation in maintaining beach cleanliness through clean-up actions and environmental education. The methods used include collecting rubbish by students and providing education to visitors through poster media. The results of the activity show that there is community enthusiasm for this activity as well as increased understanding of the importance of protecting the environment. Visual education has proven effective in conveying environmental messages, while beach clean-up actions encourage direct behavior change. This activity proves that collaboration between academics and the community can create a positive impact and needs to be implemented sustainably as part of a participatory-based waste management strategy in coastal areas.

Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is a common middle ear infection in children, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of AOM in children treated at rural health centers (puskesmas) and to examine the barriers to effective management. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through a literature review analyzing symptoms, stages, risk factors, and treatment approaches. The findings reveal that AOM in children often begins with an upper respiratory tract infection and presents with sudden ear pain, high fever, sleep disturbances, and ear discharge. Risk factors include young age, poor environmental conditions, and limited access to healthcare services. Management of AOM depends on its clinical stage and requires accurate diagnosis. However, in rural puskesmas, a lack of diagnostic tools and limited public awareness often leads to delayed treatment. Therefore, it is essential to provide health workers with basic ENT training, ensure the availability of diagnostic equipment, and educate parents to enable early detection and prevent complications that could affect a child’s development.

Early marriage is a complex social issue that requires special attention due to its negative impacts on individual development, health, and family stability. In Indonesia, policies related to early marriage are regulated in Law No. 16 of 2019, which sets the minimum age for marriage. The Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) Medan City plays a crucial role in addressing and preventing early marriage through various policies and programs, one of which is youth counseling and the certificate of marriage eligibility program. This study aims to analyze KUA Medan City's policies on handling and preventing early marriage and to assess the effectiveness of these programs. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach through an internship at KUA Medan City, involving observation and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings show that KUA Medan City has implemented policies to address early marriage effectively, although there are several challenges in its implementation, such as a lack of public understanding regarding the legal marriage age and low interest in participating in marriage counseling programs. In conclusion, while significant efforts have been made, there is still a need to raise public awareness and expand access to services provided by KUA to reduce the incidence of early marriage in the area.

This report is entitled "Clean Environment Movement with Young People in Real Action in Pagar Gunung Village," which aims to increase public awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness. Through initial observations, problems related to indiscriminate waste disposal were found. The methods used include problem identification, socialization, and implementation of the provision of temporary waste disposal sites (TPS) and mutual cooperation activities. The results of the activities show an increase in public awareness and active participation of young people in maintaining environmental cleanliness, which has an impact on cleaner and healthier environmental conditions. The conclusion of this activity is the importance of community collaboration in environmental conservation efforts, as well as the need for ongoing support to maintain village cleanliness.

This study aims to analyze the Effect of Hotel Tax, Street Lighting Tax, and Entertainment Tax on the Original Regional Income (PAD) of Boyolali Regency. This study uses a quantitative method with data from the Regional Finance Agency (BKD) of Boyolali Regency for the period 2021 - 2024. The results of this study indicate that Hotel Tax does not have a significant effect on the PAD of Boyolali Regency, with a value of 0.075. Similar to Entertainment Tax, the results of the Entertainment Tax study also have no significant effect on the PAD of Boyolali Regency. In contrast to Street Lighting Tax, the results show that Street Lighting Tax has a significant effect on the PAD of Boyolali Regency. Based on these results, the study recommends that local governments optimize tax management and increase public awareness of the importance of paying taxes.

In an effort to improve the quality of environmental sanitation in traditional markets, this community service program involves students as agents of change. Traditional markets are often a gathering place for various wastes and impurities, which can have a negative impact on public health. This activity aims to increase public awareness and knowledge, especially traders and market visitors, about the importance of environmental sanitation. Through the social services carried out, students provide information about good sanitation practices and how to maintain a clean environment. The results of this activity are expected to create positive changes, improve public health, and make traditional markets a clean and comfortable place. This program is not only beneficial to the community, but also a valuable experience for students in applying the knowledge they learn, as well as developing social concern and responsibility for the environment.

Article 19 paragraph (1) of Law No. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) explains that to ensure legal certainty, the Government conducts land registration throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia according to the provisions stipulated in Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. However, based on data showing that in Muara Dua Sub-district, Lhokseumawe City, there are still 40% of land plots that have not been certified. The problems in this study are how the legal awareness of the community on land registration in Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City, how the role of keuchik as a committee in land registration in Muara Dua District, and how the government's efforts to increase public legal awareness in registering land. This research uses empirical legal methods with a field research approach and case studies. The results showed that public legal awareness in land registration in Muara Dua Kota village was quite high. Keuchik has an important role in increasing public awareness of registering land. Efforts that have been made by the government to increase public awareness in land registration are the Ministry of ATR / BPN conducting System Branding through advertisements, such as advertisements aired on TV.

This research is motivated by the suboptimal Innovation of Village Government in Realizing Food Security in Lumbungsari Village, Lumbung District, Ciamis Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the Innovation of Village Government in Realizing Food Security in Lumbungsari Village, Lumbung District, Ciamis Regency. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection techniques include: Observation, Interviews and documentation. Data processing techniques in this study are: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the Innovation of Village Government in Realizing Food Security has not been running optimally. From the results of the observation, several indicators of problems were found related to the Innovation of Village Government in Realizing Food Security in Lumbungsari Village, Lumbung District, Ciamis Regency, including lack of funds to support food security, lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure to support agricultural activities, low public awareness to achieve new innovations, and low community skills in using information technology and applications.

The Land and Building Tax (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan or PBB) is one of the regional taxes that plays a strategic role in increasing local revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah or PAD). PBB is levied on taxable objects in the form of land and/or buildings, as well as on taxpayers who own or control these objects. This study aims to analyze the role of PBB in supporting regional development, the level of public awareness in paying PBB, and the challenges in its collection process. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through literature studies and documentation. The results show that PBB significantly contributes to PAD, especially in areas with rapid property growth. However, there are still obstacles such as lack of public outreach, suboptimal administrative systems, and varying levels of taxpayer compliance. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve service systems, educate the public, and strengthen regulations in the implementation of PBB to ensure it is more effective and efficient in supporting regional development.

The practice of divorce without going through a formal court process, commonly referred to as informal or unregistered divorce, remains prevalent in Indonesian society despite clear regulations outlined in Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage. This paper aims to examine the legal dimensions of such practices and explore the social and psychological impacts, particularly on children. Findings indicate that divorces conducted outside the legal framework not only violate national laws but also often result in disadvantages for vulnerable parties, especially women and children. In Islamic teachings, while divorce is permissible, it is considered the most detested lawful act by Allah and should only be pursued after all efforts at reconciliation have failed. National legal provisions echo this perspective by emphasizing mediation and the principle of justice as primary steps in resolving marital disputes. This alignment reflects a harmony between religious norms and state law. Therefore, public awareness of proper legal procedures for divorce needs to be enhanced to protect individual rights and preserve family stability. Strengthening legal education and premarital counseling are effective preventive strategies in this regard.