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Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a manifestation of malnutrition characterized by an inadequate energy intake over a prolonged period in pregnant women, resulting in adverse health outcomes due to a relative or absolute deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. The 2023 SKI results indicate that malnutrition among pregnant women remains a problem, with nearly 3 out of 10 pregnant women experiencing anemia and 17% at risk of CED. According to data from the Jambi City Health Office, Putri Ayu Public Health Center (Puskesmas Putri Ayu) has the highest number of CED cases, with 67 affected pregnant women. The main objective of this study is to explain the underlying factors contributing to the high prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and to inform the development of evidence-based health interventions aimed at reducing this condition. This study employed a quantitative research method with a case-control design. The sampling technique used was purposive total sampling, involving 78 pregnant women in the Putri Ayu Public Health Center area, Jambi City. Data collection was conducted in October 2024, using a questionnaire as the research instrument. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between CED and parity (p=0.034), anemia (p=0.013), attitude (p=0.000), and the role of health workers (p=0.000). No significant relationship was found between CED and age (p=1.000), pregnancy spacing (p=0.615), and knowledge (p=0.359) in pregnant women. The findings indicate that parity, anemia, attitude, and the role of health workers are significantly associated with the occurrence of CED in pregnant women, while age, pregnancy spacing, and knowledge are not significantly associated.

Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes inflammation in the lung parenchyma. Pneumonia is the third leading cause of death globally. In Indonesia, in 2018, the prevalence of pneumonia among all age groups reached 2.21%. This case report was obtained from primary data through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting tests. The patient complained of shortness of breath. The shortness of breath occurred during moderate physical activity and improved with rest. The shortness of breath was not affected by the weather. The patient also complained of left chest pain, productive cough, fever, diarrhea, and weakness. Upon physical examination, the general status showed vesicular breath sounds and rhonchi in the left lung field. Chest X-ray revealed diffuse consolidation in the bilateral paracardial pulmonary areas, suggesting pneumonia. Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood cell count. The patient was given pharmacological and non-pharmacological management in the form of respiratory fluoroquinolone.

Hypercholesterolemia is a significant global health problem, with a high prevalence in Indonesia. Although conventional therapies such as statins have been the mainstay of treatment, limited efficacy and side effects necessitate the development of new, more effective and selective drugs. This article explores the role of medicinal chemistry in the discovery and development of cholesterol-lowering drugs, focusing on structure-activity analysis (SAR) and molecular targets. Through structure-based approaches, compounds such as statins and PCSK9 inhibitors have been optimized to increase affinity for biological targets. In addition, exploration of new targets and formulation innovations have shown great potential in improving therapeutic efficacy. Thus, medicinal chemistry contributes significantly to providing safer and more effective therapeutic solutions for the management of hypercholesterolemia.  

Knee osteoarthritis is a global health issue with increasing prevalence, particularly among the elderly population. This condition is characterized by primary symptoms such as joint pain, stiffness, and reduced physical function, which significantly limit the patient's daily activities. One promising non-pharmacological approach to managing knee osteoarthritis is Home-Based Resistance Training (HBRT). HBRT combines the effectiveness of resistance training with the convenience of being performed at home and is increasingly supported by advancements in telerehabilitation technology. This study is a systematic review conducted based on the PRISMA-P guidelines, with literature searches from PubMed, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. The included articles were English-language publications from 2019 to 2024 that evaluated the effectiveness of HBRT in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The findings indicate that HBRT is significantly effective in reducing joint pain, with a decrease in WOMAC scores ranging from 24.78% to 29.64% (p < 0.001), and improving physical function by 21.54% to 30.2%. These improvements meet the Minimum Clinically Important Difference (MCID) criteria, indicating clinically significant benefits. Furthermore, the effectiveness of HBRT is comparable to machine-based training, particularly in patients with high baseline severity. With standardized exercise protocols and adequate technological support, HBRT can be considered a feasible and effective intervention strategy in the rehabilitation of knee osteoarthritis patients, especially in the digital era and in contexts where access to conventional healthcare facilities is limited.

This study investigates the profound impact of the protracted humanitarian crisis in the conflict zone of Syam on the mental health of healthcare professionals, employing a systematic meta-analytical approach across 47 independent studies (N = 12,487) published between 2011 and 2023. The findings reveal an alarmingly high prevalence of burnout, reaching 78.3% (95% CI [75.2–81.4]), with emotional exhaustion recorded as the most dominant dimension (M = 3.89; SD = 0.76). Additionally, secondary trauma was identified in 65.7% of all respondents (95% CI [62.4–69.0]), with the primary symptoms manifesting as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 44.2% and depression at 39.8%. Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that the duration of exposure to conflict (β = 0.42; p < 0.001) and the intensity of workload (β = 0.38; p < 0.001) served as significant predictors of burnout. Meanwhile, the lack of psychosocial support (OR = 2.34; 95% CI [1.89–2.79]) and critical resource scarcity (OR = 1.98; 95% CI [1.65–2.31]) were strongly correlated with the emergence of secondary trauma among healthcare professionals. Furthermore, diverging from the more individualistic frameworks employed in the studies of Bdaiwi et al. (2020) and Bou-Karroum et al. (2020), this research explores the intricate entanglement of organizational and situational determinants that concurrently shape the mental health landscape of medical personnel operating in the Syam conflict zone. Moreover, the study's original contribution lies in identifying resilience adaptation patterns observed in 34.2% of participants, revealing that endurance capacity was cultivated through collective coping strategies and close peer support. According to the researchers, this study offers a new lens for designing community-based psychological interventions that are both sustainable and contextually grounded for healthcare providers affected by the protracted armed conflict in Syam.

Degenerative diseases are a global health problem with increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia. This disease can cause serious complications in vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed through education and nutritional innovation. This community service program aims to provide education on molecular examinations for degenerative diseases and introduce the Watermelon Lemonade innovation as preventive nutrition. The activity was carried out in Dukuh Branglor, Mancasan Village, with the pre-test method, educational presentation, Q&A, product demonstration, and post-test. The results of the activity showed an increase in public knowledge about hypertension and its examination, as well as high enthusiasm for the Watermelon Lemonade innovation. Based on the results of the activity, it can be seen that molecular examinations can be used to diagnose hypertension through analysis of genetic biomarkers, proteins, and metabolites, and the Watermelon Lemonade innovation has the potential to help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The success of this program was shown by an increase in the average pre-test score of 58.46 to 86.67 in the post-test. The Wilcoxon test showed (p < 0.001), indicating a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results and proving an increase in participant understanding. The questionnaire results showed a high level of satisfaction from participants with the delivery of materials, product manufacturing demonstrations, and practical benefits that can be applied in everyday life. The Watermelon Lemonade innovation is not only useful as an alternative to preventing hypertension, but also has the potential to be further developed as a health product based on natural ingredients.

The impact of social media on Generation Z has resulted in the development of self-perception standards based on influencers' appearance. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by individuals' negative thoughts about their physical appearance. Individuals with positive self-esteem and body image are less likely to experience body-related disorders. This study aims to examine the impact of body image and self-esteem on the tendency of BDD among young adults. The study utilized a quantitative approach, employing a multiple linear regression analysis on data collected from young adults. The findings of the study revealed a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and BDD, indicating that higher self-esteem is associated with lower BDD tendencies. Furthermore, body image was also found to have a significant impact on BDD. The study concludes that both self-esteem and body image play crucial roles in influencing the likelihood of BDD development, with self-esteem having a greater impact. These findings highlight the importance of promoting positive body image and self-esteem in order to mitigate the prevalence of BDD among young adults.    

Hypertension is a major cause of heart failure, stroke and kidney failure. Prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia in the urban and rural areas ranged between 17-21%. Smoking is one cause that can affect blood pressure. The aim of this research is to discover the relationship between the smoking activity and hypertension on men aged 45 year-old and older in Klinik Pratama Cinangsih Medika Cianjur. This research is a correlative descriptive. The approach used cross-sectional with total samples were 98 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instrument used in this study was questionnaire. Data was obtained through questionnaires distribution and interviews, and blood pressure measurement. The data collected was processed by using Chi-square statistical test with degree of significance p value < 0.05. The result showed 74 people (75,5%) smoked and those who suffered hypertension were 75 people (76,5%). From bivariate test result showed there is relationship between number of cigarettes taken and hypertension (p = 0,005), there is relationship between way of smoking and hypertension (p = 0,008), there was no relationship between smoking duration and hypertension (p = 0,059), there is relationship between type of cigarette and hypertension (p = 0,027), and there is relationship between the activity of smoking and hypertension (p = 0,007). Suggestions the researcher can propose concerning this research are to reduce hypertension risk as the effect of smoking, cigarette consuming should be decreased gradually to stop smoking in advance, the result of this research can be served as reference in dealing with patients suffering for hypertension, especially, in Cianjur. Keywords: Smoking activity (number of cigarette, way of smoking, smoking duration, sort of cigarette), Hypertension.  

Hypertension is a disease that often causes death and complications related to cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.11%. One of the factors that influence the incidence of hypertension is high levels of the triglycerides in the blood (hypertriglycerida). This study aims to determine the description between triglycerides levels and the incidence of hypertension in the community of Bandar Buat Village. This research was a descriptive study with 29 respondents taken using total sampling techniques from secondary data of community service in the village of Bandar Buat in 2019. Data were selected based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, the data were processed in table to generate frequency and percentages distribution. The results showed that the majority of respondents aged 18-50 years (55.1%), were women (58.6%). The results showed that respondents' triglycerides levels were dominated by hypertriglycerida (58.6%) and blood pressure classification was dominated by normotension (55.2%). Based on age, most people with hypertriglycerida and hypertension are above 50 years old. Based on sex, hypertriglycerida and hypertension both are sufferers more frequent in men. The number of percentage were 66.7%; 75% respectively. The conclusion of this research is the triglycerides level of respondents is dominated by respondents with hypertriglycerida, the majority are aged>50 years, male sex. The incidence of hypertension is high, with majority sufferers aged>50 years, male sex.

Reported that hypertension contributes to around 9.4 million deaths worldwide each year. This makes it one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and related deaths. The prevalence of hypertension in individuals aged 18-39 years shows a figure of around 7.5%. At the global level, stroke, heart disease, and hypertension rank first, second, and twenty-ninth in causes of death. In Indonesia, the percentage of deaths from 50 diseases that cause death shows that stroke contributes 23.48%, heart disease 9.89%, and hypertension 3.02%. This study is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach that aims to describe the blood pressure profile in students. The population in this study were active students aged 18-23 years. The sampling technique used the purposive sampling method. The results showed that the average blood pressure in men tended to be higher than in women. Blood pressure in male students was an average of 128.9 / 83.25 mmHg and women 118.25 / 76 mmHg. The average blood pressure in men is included in the pre-hypertension category. Various factors cause hypertension at a young age, mainly caused by lifestyle, diet, smoking behavior and lack of physical activity. High blood pressure in young adults is strongly associated with an increased risk of heart and kidney disease later in life. Therefore, various forms of prevention are needed, especially related to behavioral changes so that complications do not occur in the future.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main challenges in the health sector in Indonesia, with a fairly high number of cases each year. This study aims to analyze the distribution of TB cases based on occupation and identify community groups that are at higher risk of spreading this disease. The data used in this study were obtained from estimates of the 2022 TB epidemiology report. The results of the analysis show that informal workers, such as laborers and traders, are the group with the highest number of TB cases, at 36.0%. This is followed by formal workers (21.6%), farmers/fishermen (17.3%), housewives (14.4%), students (6.5%), and unemployed or retired groups (4.2%). The high prevalence of TB in informal workers is caused by several factors, including an unhygienic work environment, limited access to health services, and unhealthy lifestyles. Based on these findings, a more effective strategy is needed in efforts to prevent and control TB, especially for groups with high levels of vulnerability. Health education, increasing access to health services, improving work environment sanitation, and early detection programs are important steps in reducing the spread of TB. With the right intervention, it is hoped that the number of TB cases in Indonesia can be reduced significantly.

Toddlers are in an important stage of growth and development. During this period, rapid growth and development are greatly influenced by adequate nutritional intake. One of the health problems that toddlers can experience is stunting, which is a growth disorder caused by long-term malnutrition. Stunting can affect brain development, reduce cognitive abilities, and increase the risk of chronic diseases later in life. Based on data from the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI), the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is still high, although there has been a decline. Mothers have a very important role in monitoring and providing adequate nutrition for children. It is hoped that by increasing mothers' knowledge about nutrition, stunting can be prevented so that superior human resources are created in the future.

Diabetes mellitus is disease chronic many​ occurs throughout the world. Prevalence disease this Keep going increased, with 8.5% of adults (equivalent to with 422 million people) suffering from Diabetes Mellitus at the global level. Research this aiming for identify management health of Diabetes Mellitus patients in the work area Health Center Meskom. Research this use method studies case with design descriptive. Research results show that 8 respondents (40%) did activity sports, while 12 respondents (60%) did not exercise. As many as 7 respondents (35%) routinely monitor blood sugar levels, while 13 respondents (65%) did not do monitoring. Respondents who regulate pattern Eat totaling 9 people (45%), while 11 respondents (55%) did not arrange pattern eating. As for 8 respondents (40%) running management health, while 12 respondents (60%) did not do it. Management health in Diabetes Mellitus patients aiming For control blood sugar levels, preventing complications term length, and increase quality life patient. Output study this designed in form article scientific. Research results show that good blood sugar control, including​ monitoring level glucose regularly, can lower risk complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, and disease cardiovascular. Optimal management involves combination use drugs, patterns controlled eating, as well as sport in a way regular.

Background: Dermatological conditions remain a concern worldwide, especially in Indonesia. In 2016, data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia revealed that, out of a population of 216.6 million, the prevalence of scabies varied between 4.60% and 12.95%. Adolescence is a phase in which individuals develop and show their first secondary sexual characteristics until they reach sexual maturity. Personal hygiene is an effort to live a healthy lifestyle, which includes public health and hygiene in various activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies among adolescents at Pon.dok Pesa.ntren Putri Al-Iz.zah Band.ungrejo Mrang.gen D.emak... Method This study used a cross-sectional design with 242 female students as subjects. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Spearman rank test was used to evaluate the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies among adolescents at the Al-Izzah Islamic Boarding School, Bandungrejo, Mranggen, Demak... Results: Spearman rank test study revealed a relationship between personal hygiene and the prevalence of scabies among adolescents at the Al-Izzah Islamic Boarding School, Bandungrejo, Mranggen, Demak, with a p value of 0.000. This indicates a statistically significant correlation between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies. The calculated R value of 0.54 indicates a moderate correlation between these variables at the institution. Conclusion There is a relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies in adolescents at the Al-Izzah Islamic Boarding School, Bandungrejo, Mranggen, Demak.      

This study analyzes the psychological impact of the armed conflict in Yemen by comparing urban and rural populations through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 published studies (N=28,463) from 2015 to 2024. The analysis reveals a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD in the urban population (42.8%, 95% CI [39.2-46.4]) compared to the rural population (31.5%, 95% CI [28.1-34.9], p<.001). In addition, multilevel regression analysis indicates a strong correlation between the level of exposure to conflict and the severity of depressive symptoms (r=.68, p<.001) and anxiety (r=.72, p<.001) in both populations. Additionally, when examining specific urban risk factors, calculations indicate that population density (OR=1.86, 95% CI [1.54-2.18]) and loss of infrastructure (OR=1.73, 95% CI [1.45-2.01]) are significant. Moreover, geographic isolation (OR=1.92, 95% CI [1.67-2.17]) and limited access to mental health services (OR=2.14, 95% CI [1.89-2.39]) also demonstrate prominent risk factors, thereby emphasizing the predominance of specific urban risk factors in rural areas. These findings contrast with the research conducted by Le & Nguyen (2023) and Carpiniello (2023), which focused solely on general impacts; thus, the novelty of this research lies in its success in identifying distinct patterns of psychological trauma based on geographic characteristics. In addition, this study successfully reveals the differing mediating mechanisms of social support between urban (β=-.42, p<.001) and rural (β=-.28, p<.01) populations in mitigating the impacts of the Yemeni war trauma.

Adolescence is a time of fast physical and psychological development. Between the ages of 10 and 19, adolescence takes place during the childhood and adulthood periods. Teenagers are particularly susceptible to abnormal behavior, such as bullying. Bullying is common in schools and can be brought on by bad settings or family dynamics. The effects of bullying behavior include tension, anxiety, and sadness. Stress usually occurs where bullying demands are usually like cognitive environments, personality. Untreated stress in teenagers can result in substance abuse, suicidal thoughts, and other negative interactions. Method: This study uses a cross-sectional technique and is classified as quantitative research. Female students from SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang served as the sample. Simple random sampling was the method employed, with 114 participants. The chi square test was the correlation test employed in this investigation. Results: Based on the results of the analysis, it was obtained that of the 114 respondents, most of them had age characteristics of 13 years as many as 51 or 44.7%, and were female as many as 114 or 100.0%. According to the study's findings, 67.5% of female students reported having high stress levels, while 63.2% reported moderate verbal bullying. A p value of 0.035 was revealed by statistical testing that used the chi square test. Conclusion: Stress levels (victims) and the prevalence of verbal bullying behavior in female teenagers are closely correlated (p value 0.035).

Chronic kidney failure or chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease that has increased the prevalence of mortality and morbidity in the last 20 years. The prevalence according to RISKESDAS in 2013 showed CKD was 2% and increased to 3.8% (739,208) in 2018. Dialysis is a kidney replacement therapy (TPG) which is used to prevent kidney deterioration. TPG carried out throughout life will change the patient's life physically, cognitively, psychologically, socially, and spiritually. When undergoing dialysis, patients experience ambivalent feelings towards the hemodialysis process that they are currently undergoing, namely positive feelings in the form of happiness when washing freely and negative feelings including feelings of anxiety and worry about the disease they are experiencing. This study aims to determine the existence of family relationships and the length of undergoing hemodialysis on the level of anxiety in patients with chronic kidney failure at Hospital X Jakarta. The method used is quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional research design on 45 respondents with the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results show a significant relationship between family support and the length of time undergoing hemodialysis with the level of anxiety in chronic kidney failure patients with values of ? = 0.001 < ? and ? = 0.007 < ?, correlation coefficient (rs) = 0.472 and (rs) = -0.397, so H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted with a moderate level of significance. In conclusion, family support and the length of time undergoing hemodialysis have a moderate relationship to anxiety levels in chronic kidney failure patients.

Background : Smoking is a dangerous habit that causes various diseases and death.  Passive smokers, especially children and teenagers, are more susceptible to disease than active smokers.  The prevalence of passive smoking in Indonesia is quite high, especially among women (66%) and teenagers (12.7%).  Jambi Province has a high number of active smokers (27.47%), resulting in an increase in passive smoking among children and teenagers.  Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that influence passive smoking behavior among elementary school children in Jambi Province. Methods : This research uses quantitative methods with an analytical observational design.  The design of this research is cross-sectional, where each subject is only observed once.  Data collection was carried out through approaches, observations and data collection simultaneously on students at Elementary School 59/IV, Jambi City. Results : The results showed that 9 respondents (13.8%) were passive smokers, while 56 respondents (86.2%) did not smoke passively.  Statistical analysis found a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes and passive smoking behavior (p < 0.05).  However, the influence of peers and family did not have a significant relationship. Conclusion : This research concludes that increasing knowledge and positive attitudes can reduce the risk of passive smoking behavior in elementary school children.  Therefore, prevention programs should focus on health education and the formation of positive attitudes.

Background: Hypertension has a high prevalence of 43.11%, which is even higher among the elderly in Indonesia. The treatment of hypertension requires long-term therapy, making medication adherence crucial for controlling blood pressure and preventing complications. Sample: The sample in this study consisted of 76 pregnant women in Tangkil Tengah and Rengas villages. After screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 62 pregnant women were selected as respondents. Method: This study employed a correlational analytical method using a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire that included the variables to be studied. The analysis used was univariate analysis with frequency distribution and percentages, and bivariate analysis using the Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS). Results: The knowledge of elderly individuals with hypertension about hypertension was categorized as high (9%), moderate (35%), and low (57%), while adherence to antihypertensive medication was categorized as high (24%), moderate (7%), and low (70%). The correlation analysis in this study, using the Chi-square test, showed a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of adherence to antihypertensive medication among the elderly, with a p-value of 0.00. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of adherence to antihypertensive medication among the elderly at RSU Bhakti Asih Ciledug.

Stunting is a persistent nutritional problem in Indonesia, especially among children under five, affecting the nation's human resource potential. The high prevalence of stunting leads to long-term issues in cognitive development, physical growth, and the overall productivity of the younger generation (Ministry of Health, 2023). This community service initiative seeks to enhance the role of public administration in promoting policies and programs aimed at reducing stunting. It involves education, training, and hands-on community support, coordinated with government officials, health cadres, and local leaders. The initiative utilizes local media to increase awareness about proper nutrition. The results show a noticeable improvement in community knowledge about stunting and balanced nutrition, with both officials and residents actively participating in stunting reduction efforts. This service emphasizes the importance of strengthening public administration through capacity-building, intersectoral coordination, and the use of information technology to meet program objectives. Recommendations are made for sustainable, participatory, and data-driven approaches to stunting reduction.