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The JKN Mobile application is an electronic-based service innovation introduced by BPJS Health to facilitate JKN participants in accessing healthcare services and managing their membership information. This study aims to explore the experiences and perspectives of outpatient patients regarding the effectiveness of the JKN Mobile online registration system at Baubau City Regional General Hospital. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, with informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected to capture the meanings of patients’ experiences in using the application. The findings show that most patients are satisfied with the practicality, speed, and flexibility of the online registration system. However, technical problems, particularly unstable internet connectivity, remain a major challenge. Furthermore, the online registration system has contributed to improved service efficiency and patient satisfaction. These findings indicate the importance of continuous evaluation and improvement of the JKN Mobile online registration system to enhance service quality and health information system development at Baubau City Regional General Hospital.

Currently, patients experiencing early symptoms of skin disease caused by the exanthema virus are unable to immediately consult a dermatologist due to the high cost and limited time available for specialists in hospitals. Therefore, the author needs to develop an expert system application that can address this issue. Through this application, users can consult with the system, much like an expert, to diagnose their symptoms and find solutions to their problems. This expert system is designed to provide answers based on whether the symptoms are correct or not, or to provide several recommended answer choices based on the symptoms. To diagnose skin disease caused by the exanthema virus, the author used the Case-Based Reasoning method. The CBR method is a weighting technique that compares new cases with previous cases. The diagnosis is based on data provided by the patient and expert, which is then analyzed using case-based reasoning and stored as a knowledge database in the expert system. Therefore, this expert system can help identify solutions for problems experienced by patients suffering from skin disease caused by the Exanthema Virus.

Partial Denture (GTSL) is an ideal option for patients with missing teeth, with various materials such as thermoplastic nylon (flexible denture), acrylic resin, and metal. Heat-cured acrylic resin and thermoplastic nylon are the two most commonly used materials for denture bases. Denture bases must have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand chewing forces. Acrylic resin, made from polymethyl methacrylate, has become the gold standard in prosthodontics due to its affordability, ease of fabrication, and satisfactory functional results. However, acrylic resin tends to be rigid, brittle, and may cause soft tissue irritation. As an alternative, thermoplastic nylon offers high physical strength, resistance to heat and chemicals, as well as plastic and flexible properties. However, thermoplastic nylon tends to absorb water, change color, and is difficult to repair. Thermoplastic nylon-based dentures provide comfort, aesthetics, and good marginal adaptation, with less soft tissue irritation compared to acrylic resin dentures. Although both materials have comparable characteristics in terms of retention, stability, and durability, flexible dentures are more attractive to patients who prioritize comfort and aesthetics.

The National Health Insurance Program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN) is a government initiative aimed at ensuring equitable, accessible, and affordable healthcare services for all Indonesian citizens. Since its implementation in 2014, the program has covered more than 90% of the population; however, several challenges remain, particularly concerning the quality of services at primary healthcare facilities such as community health centers (puskesmas). This study aims to analyze the quality of JKN services at the Cengkareng Public Health Center, West Jakarta, using the five dimensions of service quality proposed by Parasuraman: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis involving healthcare workers and JKN patients. The findings indicate that the overall service quality at Puskesmas Cengkareng remains suboptimal. The tangibles and assurance dimensions are relatively good, while reliability, responsiveness, and empathy are still lacking. Major complaints include long waiting times, poor doctor–patient communication, and unfriendly staff attitudes. These findings highlight the need for improving human resource professionalism, strengthening service management systems, and conducting periodic evaluations to enhance the overall quality and patient satisfaction among JKN participants.  

Informed consent constitutes a fundamental legal and ethical requirement in healthcare services, ensuring that every medical action is performed with the patient’s full awareness and voluntary approval. In Indonesia, the obligation to obtain informed consent is firmly regulated under the Health Law No. 17 of 2023, the Minister of Health Regulation on Medical Consent, and provisions on medical records. This paper examines the essential role of informed consent as a protective instrument for both patients and healthcare providers within the clinical and legal framework. Informed consent guarantees patients’ rights to information, autonomy, and decision-making, while providing legal safeguards for medical practitioners by documenting the process of explanation, acceptance, or refusal of medical treatment. Proper documentation within medical records ensures accountability, continuity of care, and serves as crucial evidence when medical disputes arise. Medical disputes often stem from dissatisfaction, communication gaps, or misunderstandings about risks inherent in medical procedures. Therefore, informed consent functions not merely as an administrative requirement but as a mechanism for preventing conflict, clarifying responsibilities, and distinguishing unavoidable medical risks from professional negligence. By strengthening the implementation of informed consent, healthcare providers can enhance transparency, improve service quality, and reduce the likelihood of medical litigation.  

This study examines the implementation of digital health services via the Mobile JKN application at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center in Pekanbaru City and explores factors affecting service effectiveness, especially complaints about long waiting times. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on the Mobile Health Acceptance Model by Handayani et al. (2021), the study focuses on five constructs: ease of use, system availability, system responsiveness, health workers’ digital skills, and user trust. The results show that Mobile JKN has significantly simplified administrative processes, accelerated registration, and improved service efficiency at the health center. Effectiveness is supported by factors such as the application’s general ease of use, faster queue data processing, and adequate digital skills among staff. Users also show a high level of trust, though queue time estimation still needs improvement. Despite these benefits, complaints about long waits persist due to patients who register online but still queue manually and misunderstandings between Mobile JKN and e-Puskesmas queue numbers. Late patient arrivals also contribute to delays. Overall, Mobile JKN proves effective in enhancing digital health services, but further optimization is needed through better socialization of service procedures, accurate queue information, and improved system integration to maximize the advantages of digitalization.

Pulmonary tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through droplets is a major contributing factor. Education on proper cough etiquette is an important behavior-based prevention strategy to reduce the spread of this disease. This literature review aims to analyze the effect of cough etiquette education on preventing pulmonary TB transmission. This study used a literature search through Google Scholar and the Garuda portal for publications from 2020–2025, resulting in five articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that cough etiquette education can improve public knowledge, skills, and awareness in preventing pulmonary TB transmission. This educational intervention has proven effective in various target groups, such as the general public, families of TB patients, and school-age children. In conclusion, cough etiquette education is an important component of pulmonary TB transmission prevention strategies and is highly feasible for widespread implementation in public health programs.

Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and peripheral vascular disease. Often referred to as "The Silent Killer," its onset is frequently asymptomatic, making early detection challenging. Effective interventions, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are necessary to manage hypertension and reduce complications. Long-term treatment requires adherence to prescribed medications, with self-care management playing a vital role in minimizing hypertension's adverse effects. Self-efficacy, or an individual's belief in their abilities, is crucial for improving medication adherence and self-care activities. This study aimed to examine the correlation between self-efficacy and self-care management in relation to medication adherence among hypertension patients at RSUD Mandau District. A non-experimental, quantitative, analytic correlation study with a cross-sectional design was conducted, involving 38 hypertension patients. Self-efficacy was measured using the MASES-R (Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale-Revision), medication adherence was assessed with the MMAS-8 (8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale), and self-care management was evaluated using the HBP-SCP (Hypertension Self-Care Profile). The findings revealed a significant correlation between self-efficacy and medication adherence (p=0.000, r=0.594). Additionally, self-care management was significantly correlated with medication adherence (p=0.027, r=0.360). In conclusion, self-efficacy and self-care management both significantly correlate with medication adherence in hypertension patients at RSUD Mandau District.

Diabetes mellitus is the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular disease. This condition causes physical and psychological burdens. Quality of life is influenced by various aspects, including the ongoing special needs of diabetes mellitus patients. Family support is a form of assistance provided by family members to provide physical and psychological comfort when someone is ill. This study aims to determine the relationship between family support and quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. This type of research is quantitative with a correlational design and a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 80 respondents. Inclusion criteria included patients who had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for more than one year, were accompanied by their family, and were able to communicate in Indonesian. Data collection was conducted using the HDFSS questionnaire and the DQOL questionnaire. The results showed high family support and a high quality of life for diabetes mellitus patients. The Spearman statistical test produced a p-value of 0.048 and a correlation of 0.222. Thus, there is a positive relationship between family support and quality of life for diabetes mellitus patients. This means that the higher the family support, the better the patient's quality of life. Based on the results of this study, hospitals are advised to provide education regarding the importance of family support in influencing the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients.

This study analyses the challenges of digitalising registration services at Primary Healthcare Facilities (Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama, FKTP) in East Java, including limitations in human resources, technological infrastructure, and public digital literacy, all of which affect the satisfaction of National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, JKN) patients. Utilising the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology with the PRISMA approach, the study reviews literature from 2024–2025 sourced from databases such as Google Scholar, using keywords related to digitalisation, FKTP, and patient satisfaction. The analysis is based on the ADO (Antecedent, Decision, Outcome) framework. The findings identify three key factors: (1) Antecedents (human resource competence, infrastructure, digital literacy); (2) Decisions (human resource training, facility modernisation, public outreach); and (3) Outcomes (increased patient satisfaction through time efficiency and ease of access). The study emphasises the need to strengthen human resources, provide adequate infrastructure, and educate the public to ensure the sustainability of digital healthcare services at FKTPs in East Java.

Anxiety is an emotional response to uncertainty or threats that cause feelings of anxiety, worry, excessive tension, which are continuous and can interfere with the patient's process of action and healing, therefore it is necessary to have good and correct therapeutic communication, to build a relationship of mutual trust, empathy, support and help the patient in problem solving. This study aims to identify the Relationship between Nurse Therapeutic Communication and Anxiety Level in Preoperative Patients at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. The research design uses correlational with a cross sectional approach, purposive sampling technique with a sample of 64 respondents. The instruments used were the nurse therapeutic communication questionnaire and the anxiety questionnaire. The results of the study showed that the majority of therapeutic communication among nurses in the inpatient room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan was in the good category as many as 34 respondents (53.1%), and the level of anxiety of preoperative patients was majority in the medium category as many as 30 respondents (46.9%). The spearman rank statistical test on SPSS obtained a P-Value = 0.000 which means that there is a relationship between the therapeutic communication of nurses and the level of patient anxiety at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. It is expected that the nurses in Pauline's room will further improve therapeutic communication to pre-operative patients.

Hypertension is a chronic disease that shows blood pressure above normal limits and is a global health problem and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Treatment adherence is defined as the patient's level of willingness and the extent to which they strive and behave to follow medical directives, regulations, or recommendations provided by healthcare professionals in an effort to assist the patient's recovery. Adherence to taking medication allows patients to keep their blood pressure stable in order to avoid complications. This study aims to see the compliance of hypertension drug patients at the Heart Poly of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. The research method used is a descriptive approach. The population in this study is 178 people, the number of samples is 82 people. Sampling technique with accidental sampling technique. The results of the study showed that from 82 respondents, the data obtained that the most age respondents were 38-53 years old with a total of 36 respondents (47.6%), the data on the most gender respondents were women as many as 48 respondents (48.5%), the data on the most education respondents was education as many as 32 respondents (39%), the data on the most respondents suffering from hypertension was 2 years of hypertension as many as 24 respondents (29.3%). The picture of the level of drug compliance of hypertension patients at the Heart Polyclinic of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024 is at a moderate level of 31 respondents (37.8%).

Background: Cardiac catheterization is the most widely used diagnostic and hemodynamic intervention procedure in the world for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cardiac catheterization can cause anxiety in patients who will undergo it. Objective: To analyze the factors that influence the anxiety of patients who will undergo cardiac catheterization. Method: This study is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan. The study population was 40 people, and all of them were used as samples (total sampling). The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 95% (= 0.05). Results: This study shows that there is a significant influence between knowledge, family support, past experience, and education level on the anxiety of patients who will undergo cardiac catheterization at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan. This is proven by the chi square test with p values for each knowledge (p = 0.000); family support (p = 0.002); past experience (p = 0.003); and education (p=0.003) which are all less than 0.005. Conclusion: Cardiac catheterization patient anxiety is influenced by knowledge, family support, past experience, and education level. Suggestion: It is recommended that further researchers increase the number of samples and independent variables, considering that many factors influence patient anxiety before cardiac catheterization/angiography

Hypertension substantially increases the risk of developing secondary conditions, including stroke, renal disease, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. Early management is therefore essential to prevent complications and adverse outcomes. Evidence indicates that untreated hypertension contributes to approximately 60% of stroke cases. Public knowledge regarding hypertension-related complications remains limited, and many individuals are unable to identify early signs of stroke the most common complication associated with hypertension. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of hypertensive patients regarding stroke risk and management at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. A descriptive research design was employed. The sample consisted of 67 hypertensive patients attending the outpatient clinic, selected through purposive sampling. Data were presented using frequency distribution tables. The findings revealed that 52.2% of respondents demonstrated poor knowledge, 32.8% had moderate knowledge, and only 14.9% showed good knowledge regarding stroke risk and management. These results underscore the need for patients to adopt healthier lifestyles and for the hospital to strengthen educational efforts by providing more engaging and interactive learning materials for patients and their families.

Oxygen is vital therapy where delivery accuracy is crucial, especially for infant patients, to ensure treatment effectiveness and prevent the risks of hypoxia or toxicity. With the implementation of the mandatory Domestic Product Utilization Policy (TKDN+BMP ≥ 40%), evaluating the quality of local products has become an urgent necessity. This study aims to test and analyze the quality and accuracy of domestically produced infant oxygen flowmeters compared to an imported product. The method used was experimental testing, measuring three brands of domestic products and one brand of foreign product at flow rate settings of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 liters per minute (LPM). Each setting point was measured 10 times using a standardized calibrator to ensure data reliability. The measurement results were analyzed to identify the deviation level of each product. The findings of this study are expected to provide an objective conclusion on the quality equivalence of domestic products with imported ones and to identify which product has the lowest deviation rate. This can serve as scientific consideration for hospitals in selecting high-quality infant oxygen flowmeters, thereby supporting the domestic product policy.

The advancement of information technology has had a significant impact across various sectors, including healthcare. The digitalization of healthcare services has become a solution to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility for the public. Puskesmas Selindung still uses a manual patient registration system, which leads to several issues such as long queues, extended waiting times, and the risk of lost or damaged patient records. Based on visit data, the number of patients coming to Puskesmas Selindung has increased each year. Therefore, a digital queue system is needed to optimize the patient registration process. This research aims to analyze and design an Android-based patient registration queue application to improve service efficiency at Puskesmas Selindung. The research methods include system requirements analysis, user interface design, and the development of core features to support the online patient registration process. The implementation of this application is expected to reduce long queues, speed up administrative processes, and make it easier for patients to access healthcare services more effectively and accurately. With this Android-based system, the quality of healthcare services at Puskesmas Selindung is expected to improve significantly.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health challenges that continues to rise, including in Indonesia. However, the lack of education and counseling from pharmacists regarding the use of natural ingredients medicines has the potential to affect the effectiveness of treatment and the management of DM. This study aims to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of DM patients, related to the use of natural ingredient drugs in DM management. This study uses a cross-sectional method design, starting with the collection of quantitative data. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling technique over a period of four months. The research involved 101 DM patients from 15 pharmacies in Kendal Regency. The level of knowledge (44.6%), attitude (66.3%), and behaviour (39.6%) of patients in the moderate category. However, the limited knowledge of pharmacists remains a barrier to optimizing pharmaceutical services related to educating patients about natural ingredient medications.

Background: Patient safety in hospitals is a crucial aspect in efforts to prevent unwanted events (KTD) that can endanger patients. Unwanted events (KTD) often occur during the patient transfer process in hospitalized patients. Objective: To determine nurses' compliance with the implementation of the sbar method in patient transfers to improve patient safety. Method: This study is a quantitative study with a descriptive approach. The study was conducted in the inpatient ward of Murni Teguh Hospital Medan. The population, namely 252 implementing nurses and 50 samples were obtained. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. Analysis was carried out univariately in a frequency distribution table. Results: This study shows that the characteristics of nurses at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan are mostly female (92.0%), aged 20-35 years (52.0%), with a Bachelor's degree in Nursing (76.0%). Nurses' compliance in carrying out SBAR communication during patient transfers at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan is in the compliant category (60.0%), fairly compliant category (34.0%), and less compliant category (6.0%). Conclusion: Nurses are compliant in implementing the SBAR method during patient transfers to improve patient safety. Suggestion: Nurses at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan are advised to continue to improve their competence in using SBAR communication, especially in critical patient transfer situations.

Hypertension is one of the major health problems among the elderly and poses a risk of serious complications if not properly controlled. Slow deep breathing is a relaxation technique that can be used as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the effect of slow deep breathing on blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension at the nursing home X Jakarta. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group approach. A total of 26 respondents were divided into two groups: intervention and control, each consisting of 13 people. The slow deep breathing intervention was performed for 10 minutes with a breathing frequency 6-10 breaths per minute. The results showed a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group after the slow deep breathing exercise. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests showed a p-value <0.05, indicating a significant difference before and after the intervention. Slow deep breathing proved to be effective in reducing blood pressure and can serve as a safe, simple, and affordable non-pharmacological therapy for elderly individuals with hypertension. This intervention also has the potential to improve quality of life and reduce dependence on antihypertensive medication.

Hypertension is one of the main risk factors that can cause damage to target organs, including the eyes. One of the complications that often occur in hypertensive patients is hypertensive retinopathy, which is damage to retinal blood vessels due to a persistent increase in blood pressure. This damage can be progressive and asymptomatic in the early stages, so it often goes undetected until severe visual disturbances appear. This study aims to identify and analyze the role of blood pressure control in the prevention of ocular complications in hypertensive patients through a literature review. The method used is literature review by selecting national and international research articles published in 2021–2025 from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. Inclusion criteria include full-text articles, relevant research designs, and discussing the relationship between blood pressure control and ocular complications. The results of the study showed that uncontrolled blood pressure increased the risk of retinal damage, decreased ocular perfusion, and microvascular changes detected through funduscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) examinations. Some studies have concluded that stable blood pressure control, not just the average value of blood pressure, has a significant effect in preventing the progression of hypertensive retinopathy. In addition, regular eye exams have been proven to be able to detect retinal changes early, so that preventive interventions can be carried out in a timely manner. Thus, optimal blood pressure control, therapy adherence, healthy lifestyle education, and regular retinal examinations are effective strategies in preventing ocular complications and maintaining vision quality in hypertensive patients.