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This research focuses on evaluating the Combox web application, a digital tool designed to help Food and Beverage (F&B) business owners strengthen their online presence. The analysis was carried out through Black Box Testing, specifically using the Equivalence Partitioning method, to assess core functionalities like login, logout, product management, and pagination. The findings reveal that while most features function as intended, there are issues with product addition and editing, as well as pagination when no data is available. These results highlight areas that need refinement to improve the application’s reliability and user experience. In summary, this research supports the advancement of a digital platform that enables F&B businesses to harness technology effectively in today’s competitive landscape.

Literacy spaces play a crucial role in the development of reading, writing, and information comprehension skills. This study examines the roles of architectural design in enhancing the quality of adaptive literacy spaces, focusing on functionality, social interaction, energy efficiency, and sustainability. The research method used is qualitative descriptive through literature study analysis. The findings suggest that the design of literacy spaces should consider zoning, activities, accessibility, the use of local elements, and sustainability. Literacy spaces should also encourage social interaction through inclusive and flexible spatial arrangements. Furthermore, the application of natural lighting and cross ventilation supports energy efficiency. Adaptive design allows spaces to meet the needs of users of various ages and backgrounds. A well-designed literacy space creates an inclusive, comfortable environment that supports a sustainable literacy culture, and also serves as a center for social interaction and effective education.

Tablets are solid preparations consisting of active drug substances and fillers. The purpose of adding a crushing agent is to reduce the pressure that occurs in making tablets, especially during the tablet release process which begins with breaking it. This study aims to investigate a number of components that influence the disintegration or breaking time of tablets, such as the choice of disintegrating agent, excipient composition, and environmental conditions such as pH and temperature. The research results show that choosing the right disintegrating agent, such as starch or starch, can accelerate tablet disintegration by increasing its ability to swell in liquid. Faster disintegration times can be achieved through the addition of appropriate disintegrating agents and optimization of tablet formulation, which ultimately supports increased drug therapeutic effectiveness. The methodology employed in this analysis is predicated on a survey of the literature on electronic data sources. Based on existing literature, starch or starch granules have the ability to swell up when exposed to water, amylose also has similar properties, namely that they both function as disintegrating agents. Concluded that amylum or starch derived from various plants is effectively utilized as a tablet disintegrating agent due to its superior to interact with water, but also because the evaluation results almost all meet the established standards.

Red rice is one of the most popular staple foods in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, it is an alternative staple food to white rice, known for its high nutritional value. In addition to containing carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fiber, and minerals, red rice is also rich in anthocyanins, which function as antioxidants. This study aims to analyze the added value and its distribution created from processing red rice into Moreha Wuna red rice powder in the home industry of KWT Bungi Jaya, located in Bungi Village, Kontunaga Subdistrict, Muna Regency. The research was conducted in November 2022. The study area was chosen based on the consideration that KWT Bungi Jaya is the only home industry producing Moreha Wuna red rice powder in Muna Regency. The respondent in this research was the owner of the home industry. The analysis employed the Hayami method for added value analysis. The results showed that the added value obtained from processing red rice into Moreha Wuna red rice powder in the KWT Bungi Jaya home industry was Rp63,212 per kilogram of raw material. Consequently, the monthly added value from this home industry was Rp758,544. The distribution of added value from the red rice processing included the owner's profit of Rp46,562 (73.66%) and labor compensation of Rp16,650 (26.33%).

As the ideological and philosophical basis of the Indonesian state, Pancasila plays an important role in the formation of national laws and regulations. This journal examines three main aspects of the function of Pancasila in law. First, Pancasila serves as a normative framework to ensure that laws are in accordance with basic values such as justice, humanity, and unity. Second, Pancasila strengthens legal legitimacy and political consensus in the midst of modern political dynamics that are often polarized. Third, there are problems in implementing Pancasila values in law, such as inconsistencies between positive laws and people's aspirations, as well as bureaucratic constraints. In addition, the journal discusses how the values of Pancasila should be instilled and taught, how it helps strengthen constitutional democracy, as well as its relationship to economic law, human rights, environmental issues, and international law. This journal emphasizes how important it is to apply the principles of Pancasila in facing global challenges and maintaining the integrity of the nation. The research method used in this article is a qualitative approach with document analysis and literature studies on laws, court decisions, and other legal sources. The results of the study show that the application of Pancasila in law in Indonesia still faces various challenges, but it has great potential to strengthen the national legal system, especially in the aspects of social justice and constitutional democracy.

This research discusses Pancasila values ​​in the formation of customary law through philosophical and sociological approaches. Pancasila as the basis of the state has an influence in the formation of national law, but its relationship with customary law, traditions and local norms requires further adjustments. This philosophical approach emphasizes the values ​​of Pancasila, such as Belief in One Almighty God, Just and Civilized Humanity, and Social Justice. This is different from sociological research that examines the response of indigenous communities to the function of Pancasila and the dynamics of social adaptation that occur. This research also provides scientific participation in understanding between national and local legal systems, and also provides a basis for legal policy regarding the dynamics of Indonesian socio-culture.

The reliability of sterilization equipment, such as autoclaves, is essential to ensure patient safety, infection control, and operational continuity in healthcare facilities. Damage or malfunction of autoclaves may disrupt sterilization processes and pose significant risks to medical services. This study aims to develop an expert system for autoclave damage detection using the fuzzy logic method to support faster and more accurate diagnostic decision-making. The proposed system applies fuzzy inference to evaluate the level of damage based on input symptoms provided by users. By handling uncertainty and varying symptom intensities, the fuzzy logic approach enables proportional assessment rather than rigid rule-based classification. The system was designed through knowledge acquisition from technical experts and implemented using fuzzy membership functions and inference rules to determine damage severity levels. Experimental testing was conducted to evaluate system performance and diagnostic accuracy. The results indicate that the expert system successfully generated diagnosis outputs for all tested scenarios, achieving functional diagnostic accuracy within the defined test cases. The system was also able to calculate a quantified damage severity value of 11.6235981% based on the given symptoms, demonstrating its capability to assess damage levels numerically and objectively. Furthermore, the developed system significantly reduces the time required for damage detection compared to manual diagnostic procedures. Automating the evaluation process, it assists electromedical technicians in identifying faults more efficiently and taking preventive or corrective actions promptly. Overall, the implementation of a fuzzy logic-based expert system provides an effective, accurate, and practical solution for improving autoclave maintenance management and supporting healthcare service reliability.

Developments in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 are increasing rapidly along with the times, especially in the economic sector. The development of the economic sector in Indonesia means that MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) need strategies to brand themselves. Branding efforts can be carried out using social media platforms, namely Instagram. Instagram plays an important role as a promotional media that functions to persuade and communicate a product or service. This journal discusses the visual identity in the design of the Instagram feeds for the brand "Zamzam Kalimantan" as a portfolio of Kawakibi Digital Branding. This design uses qualitative methods based on interviews, observations, and literature studies. Through this process, designs for Instagram feeds were produced as Kawakibi's portfolio media.

Pancasila, as the basis of the Indonesian state, is a philosophical system that underlies national and state life with the principles of divinity, humanity, unity, democracy and social justice. The background to this research focuses on the urgency of Pancasila in globalization and also rapid social change, where new challenges require adaptation so that Pancasila remains relevant and effective. The aim of the research is to analyze the hierarchical and pyramidal structure of Pancasila, the formulation of the relationship between the precepts which complement and qualify each other, as well as the dynamics and challenges faced by Pancasila as a philosophical system. The research method uses library research to collect and analyze data from various relevant sources. The research results show that Pancasila, with its hierarchical structure that positions the precepts in a mutually supportive order, functions as a strong moral and ideological guide. The relationship between the Pancasila principles complement each other and also clarify each other's principles, forming a coherent and comprehensive system. However, challenges such as globalization, social inequality and political dynamics require adjustment and adaptation to maintain the relevance of Pancasila. This research emphasizes the importance of further study and development to ensure that Pancasila remains the basis of a strong and effective state in the modern era.

Patimban Port is a national strategic project supported by various infrastructures, one of which is the Temporary Office of KSOP Class 2 Patimban, built using a modular prefabricated construction system. This study aims to analyze the architectural design and building materials, as well as assess its functionality in supporting port operations. Through a qualitative method with descriptive analysis, this research reveals that the use of materials such as sandwich panels and lightweight steel provides efficiency in terms of durability and thermal insulation, although challenges related to acoustic insulation remain. The applied ventilation and lighting systems support user comfort but can still be improved. Overall, this Temporary Office significantly contributes to operational efficiency at the port with an estimated service life of 10-15 years, although improvements in areas such as sound insulation and the development of permanent facilities are needed.

This study aims to examine the contribution of historical science in the effort to revitalize museums as educational institutions and preserve cultural heritage. Museums, as public spaces that store and exhibit historical collections, have an important role in facilitating public understanding of the nation's history. However, in the context of the development of the times and changes in public preferences, museums often face challenges in attracting visitors. The contribution of historical science in museum revitalization includes a more interactive approach, technology integration, and storytelling based on in-depth historical research. Thus, historical science not only functions as a source of information, but also as a basis for creating educational experiences that can connect the current generation with relevant historical values. This study suggests various revitalization strategies that can be applied to increase the attractiveness and function of museums as centers for learning and preserving culture, as well as strengthening historical awareness.

Post-operative is a condition after surgery and medical treatment to treat or repair damaged tissue or organs starting when the client is moved to the operating room and ending in the recovery room. Surgery is a medical procedure that uses invasive techniques by opening or displaying body tissue that will be treated through incisions and ending with wound suturing. This health education aims to improve the knowledge and skills of patients and families regarding the prevention of post-operative infections. This health education was conducted on Saturday, October 19, 2024 at 10:30 in the Teratai room using a material delivery method using leaflet media, demonstrating how to wash hands properly and wound care, and evaluating the results of the pre and post tests during the health education activities. After the health education activities were carried out, the results showed that the enthusiasm of the participants when participating in the health education activities was very high, seen from the material presentation session, the participants were seen paying attention to the material presented. During the activity, participants were active in asking questions and were able to answer questions and wanted to know more about the material that had been presented. The ability of participants in answering pretest and posttest questions also showed an increase because the audience when working on the pretest questions, an average of did not know the material to be presented with a total of 13 questions. Then, when working on the posttest questions, an average of had increased knowledge after the presentation of the material presented with the same number of questions. Early symptoms that appear when an infection occurs in a postoperative wound are open wounds/open stitches and there are signs of infection: Redness, Swelling, Pain, Decreased function of the infected organ, Pus, Fever. SSI is an infection that occurs in the wound area after surgery, surgical wound infections are divided into, internal, and organs. SSI is caused by various factors, namely the patient himself, health workers, the surgical process, the environment and surgical equipment. The correct hand washing process according to WHO includes wetting the hands, applying soap or hand sanitizer, rubbing the entire surface of the hands for at least 20 seconds, rinsing with water (if using soap), and drying the hands. 6-step hand washing is an effective hand washing method to remove germs, viruses, and bacteria from the hands. This step is designed to ensure that every part of the hand is properly cleaned.

The life of the Indonesian nation and state is guided by Pancasila as an ethical system. Pancasila as the basis of the state functions as a value system that directs people's behavior towards a just, harmonious and dignified life. In the ethical context of national life, Pancasila teaches important values such as tolerance, justice, humanity and unity. These values help build national unity amidst cultural, religious and ethnic diversity. In the current era of globalization, the urgency of Pancasila as an ethical system is increasingly important because the nation's noble values can be damaged by modern issues such as individualism, materialism and social conflict. Indonesian society can use Pancasila as an ethical guideline to develop ways of thinking and acting that are in accordance with the spirit of mutual cooperation, respect for human rights, and a balance between rights and obligations. Pancasila helps society unite and helps people make decisions, both institutionally and personally. Therefore, internalizing Pancasila values as an ethical system is a strategic effort to maintain the nation's immortality in facing the evolution of the times and realizing national ideals for a just, prosperous and prosperous life.

This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila in the process of harmonizing international law and national law in Indonesia, with a focus on extradition agreements. As the state ideology and philosophical foundation of Indonesia, Pancasila provides principles that underpin the formation and implementation of national law. This study explores how Pancasila’s values, such as social justice and humanity, influence the policies and implementation of extradition agreements, as well as the challenges faced in aligning national law with international obligations. Using a qualitative approach and case studies, this research demonstrates that Pancasila functions as a moral and ethical guide that reinforces the integrity of Indonesian law in the global context. The findings are expected to provide insights into how the fundamental values of the state can strengthen the harmonization between national and international law and influence foreign policy and law enforcement in Indonesia.

The Zachman Framework is one of the methods that can be used to design systems in a structured and comprehensive manner. This study aims to apply the Zachman Framework to design the academic system at SMA Al Kautsar Bandar Lampung, resulting in a blueprint that serves as a guide for system development. The research method involves mapping each perspective in the Zachman Framework, namely Planner (scope), Owner (business model), Designer (system model), and Builder (technology implementation). The findings indicate that the Zachman Framework ensures that all essential aspects of the system are considered, resulting in a structured enterprise architecture design that is efficient and meets stakeholder needs. Furthermore, this framework has proven effective in integrating data and synergizing business functions in the academic section, supporting optimal operations. The implications of this study suggest that the Zachman Framework can serve as an alternative solution for designing and developing an organized, directed, and easily implementable academic system, thus improving the efficiency of business processes in educational institutions.

This article discusses a literature review on the benefits of probiotic-containing foods for health. Fermented foods are food products processed with the help of microorganisms or enzymes, producing components beneficial to human health. In Indonesia, fermented foods such as tempeh, tapai, green tea, pickled vegetables, and bekasam are known for their high health value and potential to gain international recognition. This literature study aims to analyze the benefits of probiotics in fermented foods, particularly regarding digestive health, immunity, and disease prevention.  Probiotics such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Lactobacillus GG, as well as indigenous yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis, play a crucial role in the fermentation of traditional Indonesian foods. These microorganisms help improve gut microbiota balance, inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes, and produce beneficial bioactive compounds. Research indicates that probiotics can enhance immune responses, reduce inflammation, and improve glucose metabolism and lipid profiles.  The findings of this study underscore the importance of fermented foods as a public health strategy, considering their contributions to supporting digestive function, strengthening immunity, and preventing various diseases. Traditional Indonesian fermented foods not only hold cultural value but also have significant potential as functional foods to improve quality of life.

This research explores the role of the Constitutional Court (MK) in protecting citizenship rights in Indonesia. As a constitutional judicial body, the MK holds a crucial responsibility to review laws against the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945), ensuring that fundamental rights of citizens, such as freedom of expression, the right to education, and the right to privacy, are not violated by existing legal policies. Through the mechanism of judicial review, the MK acts as a primary guardian capable of annulling laws that are in conflict with the constitution. This study examines various significant cases where the MK has played a critical role in safeguarding citizenship rights. We also identify various challenges faced by the MK, including issues in implementing rulings and potential political pressures that may affect the independence of this institution. From a global perspective, this research compares the role of the MK with constitutional bodies in other countries to provide a broader understanding of how the MK functions in an international context. The research employs doctrinal legal research, which is a process of discovering rules, principles, and doctrines to address the issues at hand. The research is prescriptive in nature. The methodology used is normative/doctrinal/library research. The findings indicate that although the MK has successfully protected citizens' rights through significant rulings, there remains an urgent need to improve the implementation of decisions and to safeguard the institution’s independence. Recommendations for enhancing the MK’s role include expanding legal education to the public, strengthening public access to judicial review mechanisms, and fostering closer collaboration with legal academics and practitioners. With these measures, the MK is expected to continue functioning effectively as a guardian of constitutional rights in Indonesia.

Probative value refers to the extent to which the evidence provided is able to prove the facts being disputed. Evidence may be relevant in the sense that it relates to the case at hand, but relevance alone does not guarantee that the evidence will be well received or considered to have a significant influence. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the process of proof in criminal law plays a central role in upholding substantive justice. Evidence not only functions as a mechanism to test the truth of claims or accusations brought in court, but also as a tool to protect the human rights of the accused by ensuring that everyone is considered innocent until proven otherwise. Failure to assess probative value can lead to serious injustice in the form of wrongful conviction or wrongful acquittal. To address this problem, it is necessary to increase technical literacy among legal practitioners, as well as the application of more careful procedures in testing the validity and reliability of evidence.

Mosques play a crucial role in the lives of Muslim communities, not only as places of worship but also as centers for disseminating information and facilitating social communication. This study aims to explore the function of mosques in spreading information and facilitating communication, both through traditional methods and modern digital technology. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, involving field studies and in-depth interviews at several mosques in urban and rural areas. The findings indicate that mosques serve as strategic hubs for conveying religious, social, and cultural information through sermons, religious lectures, and community discussions. Mosques also function as public spaces, enabling communication across different social strata and generations. In the digital era, many mosques have embraced social media to reach a wider congregation, though some rural mosques still face technological limitations. The role of mosques in spreading information and facilitating communication has positive impacts on strengthening social solidarity, enhancing religious literacy, and empowering communities. In conclusion, mosques remain vital institutions for reinforcing social cohesion and communication within Muslim communities, though challenges remain in optimizing their role in the modern era.

Mosques have a very important role in the lives of Muslims, not only as places of worship but also as centers of spiritual and social development. This research aims to examine the function of mosques as places that purify the soul and strengthen spirituality. Through a qualitative approach using literature study methods, this research explores the role of mosques as centers of worship, character development, and strengthening social solidarity in the Muslim community. The research results show that mosques not only function as places of prayer, but also play a role in religious education, moral development, and social activities that strengthen relationships between believers. With its calm and peaceful atmosphere, the mosque is a place of reflection and contemplation, helping individuals draw closer to Allah and find inner calm amidst busy modern life.