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This study aims to (1) analyze the skills of class VIII students of GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar Private Middle School in compiling explanatory texts before the implementation of the RAFT strategy. (2) Analyze the skills of class VIII students of GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar Private Middle School in compiling explanatory texts after the implementation of the strategy. (3) Analyze the impact of the RAFT learning strategy on the skills of compiling explanatory texts of class VIII students of GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar Private Middle School. The population in this study were class VIII students of GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar Private Middle School, namely class I with 26 students and class II with 27 students. The method used in this study was a two-group posttest design. Analysis assumption tests, normality tests and hypothesis tests were used in data analysis. The results of the study in the control class reached an average of 69.5 and were included in the "sufficient" category. The results of the study obtained with the RAFT strategy were 86.03 and were included in the "very good" category. Through the hypothesis test, namely tituing>ttable, namely 7.109>1.67528, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the use of the RAFT strategy on the ability to write explanatory texts of Class VIII students of SMP Swasta GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the use of infographic media can enhance the argumentative writing skills of eleventh-grade students at SMK Negeri Sragi, located in the Sragi District of Pekalongan Regency, Central Java. Argumentative writing is a critical academic skill that enables students to express opinions clearly, logically, and persuasively. However, many students struggle with organizing their ideas, building coherent arguments, and presenting supporting evidence effectively. To address this issue, the research employs a quantitative descriptive method with a pre-test and post-test design. A total of 30 students from grade XI were randomly selected as research participants. Infographics were introduced as an instructional medium to assist students in better understanding the structure of argumentative texts, including thesis statements, supporting arguments, counterarguments, and conclusions. The visual nature of infographics was expected to improve students’ ability to grasp and organize key components of argumentative writing. The results of data analysis indicate a significant improvement in students’ writing performance after the implementation of infographic-based instruction. Students demonstrated enhanced clarity, coherence, and persuasiveness in their arguments. Furthermore, the use of infographics increased student motivation and confidence in expressing opinions through writing. This research concludes that infographic media is an effective tool for improving argumentative writing skills among vocational high school students. It is recommended that educators incorporate visual learning tools such as infographics to support writing instruction. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more engaging and innovative teaching strategies that promote critical thinking and communication skills in the classroom.

This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic economics in regulating online gambling which is increasingly popular among Indonesian people, even Muslims. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach to analyze the impact of online gambling and offers solutions based on Islamic economic principles. The data collected in this study were analyzed by reading, reviewing, and summarizing the results of previous studies that have been conducted on the influence of learning motivation on academic achievement in economics subjects. The results of the study indicate that online gambling damages five main aspects of the maqashid sharia, namely religion, soul, mind, property, and descendants. To overcome this problem, Islamic economics offers an approach to Islamic financial literacy education, economic empowerment through Islamic microfinance institutions such as Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT), and strengthening government regulations in prohibiting and supervising online gambling practices. This study recommends collaboration between the government, financial institutions, and Islamic organizations to increase public awareness, strengthen spiritual values, and create halal economic opportunities as a more productive alternative. Thus, the application of Islamic economic principles is expected to be able to create a just, prosperous, and free society from online gambling practices.

Learning problems in schools are often caused by uninteresting methods and media, which reduce students’ interest and learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of using flashcard learning media on students' learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) for fourth-grade students at SD Al-Madina Wonosobo. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group. The sample consisted of two classes: the experimental class used flashcards, while the control class applied the lecture method. Data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using t-tests and gain tests. The results showed a significant difference in learning outcomes between the two classes, with higher posttest scores and gain values in the experimental class. The use of flashcards effectively enhanced students' understanding of the material, especially memorization topics such as Asmaul Husna, and created a more engaging and interactive learning atmosphere. The implications of this research suggest that visual learning media such as flashcards can be an effective strategy to improve students' learning achievement and motivation in IRE classes, while also encouraging teachers to be more innovative in applying suitable learning media.

Game-Based Learning (GBL) has emerged as an innovative learning approach aimed at enhancing student engagement and promoting the development of critical thinking skills, particularly at the elementary school level. This study was conducted at SD Negeri Labuhan 1 using a qualitative approach and a case study method. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of GBL within the context of elementary education, focusing on students’ and teachers’ needs and interests, the strategies used for implementation, the impact of GBL on students’ critical thinking skills, and the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting its success. The findings indicate that 75% of students expressed a higher preference for game-based learning over conventional teaching methods, showing high levels of enthusiasm and participation during the learning process. GBL proved effective in increasing students' motivation to learn, strengthening collaboration, and stimulating analytical and reflective thinking. However, several challenges were encountered in the implementation of GBL, including limited technological infrastructure in schools and the lack of specialized training for teachers in designing and managing game-based learning activities effectively. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that GBL holds significant potential as a teaching strategy that can foster students’ critical thinking skills from an early age. Nevertheless, to achieve optimal outcomes, strong support from various stakeholders is essential, including the provision of adequate facilities and the enhancement of teachers’ competencies through continuous professional development and training in designing and applying GBL in daily classroom activities.

This research discusses how the integration of Islamic values and learning innovation can be applied in Islamic Religious Education in higher education, especially at the Indonesian Education University. The background of this research is the challenges of globalization and technological developments that require Islamic education to continue to innovate without ignoring the principles of sharia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, involving lecturers, students, and religious leaders as informants. The results showed that the integration of Islamic values in Islamic education is done through the Islamization of science approach, the use of technology in learning, and the creation of a religious academic environment. In addition, innovations such as Problem-Based Learning and Experiential Learning methods proved to be able to increase students' interest and understanding of Islamic teachings. In conclusion, collaboration between academics, students, and religious leaders is very important in creating Islamic Religion Education learning that is relevant, interesting, and still in accordance with Sharia law. This research is expected to provide an overview and strategic recommendations for the development of Islamic education in the modern

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the use of audiovisual media by arts and culture teachers in increasing the learning motivation of class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Adiankoting. The method used in this research uses a quantitative approach. The population, namely all class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 40 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant use of audiovisual media by arts and culture teachers in increasing the learning motivation of class ttable(a=0.05,dk=n-2=60)= 2,000, thus there is a significant relationship between variable b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 25.8%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=24, dk denominator=n-2=62-2=60) namely 20.85 > 1.39. Thus, Ha, namely that there is a positive and significant influence on the use of audiovisual media by arts and culture teachers in increasing the learning motivation of class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Adiankoting, is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Christian religious education plays a crucial role in shaping students' character and morals. Christian religious teachers are responsible for teaching God's Word with objectivity, without discrimination based on students' social, cultural, economic, ethnic backgrounds, or academic abilities. However, in practice, discrimination can still occur in various forms, both consciously and unconsciously. This study aims to analyze the competencies of Christian religious teachers in teaching God's Word objectively and to identify possible forms of discrimination in the learning process. Using a qualitative descriptive analysis method, this research examines religious education policies and teachers' experiences in the teaching process. The findings indicate that teachers with a deep understanding of theology, a neutral attitude in interpretation, discussion-based teaching methods, and high ethics and professionalism are better able to create an inclusive learning environment. To prevent discrimination, awareness and commitment from educators are needed so that the values of love and justice in Christian teachings can be realized in the learning process.

This study aims to determine how educational and guidance services provided by SLB Yasmin Sumenep support the academic and social development of students with dyslexia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that SLB Yasmin Sumenep implements visual and multisensory-based learning strategies, and provides supporting learning facilities, such as interactive media and teaching aids. The school also provides individual guidance through academic and non-academic programs such as extracurricular arts, sports, and entrepreneurship. In addition, social and emotional support is provided through teacher mentoring and consultation for parents. These findings indicate that the structured and adaptive learning approach at SLB Yasmin Sumenep is effective in helping dyslexic students develop optimally, and can be a reference for other inclusive schools.

This study aims to examine the importance of using cultural language as a communication style for students in the digital era at MTsN 1 Kota Serang. The rapid development of digital technology affects the way they communicate, including among students. The use of language that is not in accordance with cultural rules is often found in online interactions, which has the potential to damage cultural values and social norms. Therefore, it is important to instill an understanding of the importance of cultural language as part of students' identity and character. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview and observation methods to explore the views of students, teachers, and parents regarding the application of cultural language in digital communication. The results of the study show that although students are accustomed to using digital technology, they still need to be given a deeper understanding of the use of language that is in accordance with local culture and applicable norms. It is hoped that the results of this study can be the basis for designing a cultural language education program in the curriculum, as well as increasing students' awareness of the importance of communicating politely and ethically in the digital world. This study also provides recommendations for schools in facilitating cultural language learning as part of student character formation.

This research presents a personalized, context-aware recommender system to suggest Places of Interest (POIs) using a hybrid approach combining Bayesian inference and collaborative filtering. The system explicitly addresses the cold-start problem that new users face and improves recommendation accuracy by considering contextual variables such as user mood, budget, companion, and location. The system collects real-time contextual inputs for new users with no historical data and applies Bayesian inference to generate relevant POI suggestions. As users begin to interact and provide ratings, the system progressively shifts to a collaborative filtering mechanism, leveraging cosine similarity to identify similar users within comparable contexts. The recommender system focuses on three categories of POIs: restaurants, hotels, and landmarks. These locations are retrieved through the Google Maps API, and only mapped locations are considered. The system was implemented on Android devices and evaluated through a user study involving 25 participants from diverse backgrounds, including software developers, IT students, and general users. Evaluation metrics such as normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (nDCG) and classification accuracy were used to assess recommendation quality. Results demonstrate that the system performs better than traditional methods, with nDCG improvements reaching up to 83 percent. Users reported high satisfaction regarding the recommendations' accuracy, ease of use, and contextual relevance. While the system offers significant improvements, it also has certain limitations. Its dependency on Google Maps data may restrict its scope, and using only four contextual factors limits the system’s adaptability to more complex user preferences. Future enhancements could include additional dynamic contexts such as weather, POI popularity, and time-related trends, as well as integrating more advanced models to increase personalization and flexibility in real-world applications.

This research is motivated by the results of initial observations in class II of SD IT Asy-Syifa' Bayung Lencir which experienced problems in the form of low student learning outcomes in mathematics subjects which also became the main motivation in this research, so that it is necessary to use learning tools or media that can increase student involvement and understanding of the material being taught. The purpose of the study was to describe the application of the concrete object teaching aid media learning method to improve the learning outcomes of class II students at the Asy-Syifa' Bayung Lencir Integrated Islamic Elementary School. The type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the aim of determining the increase in student learning outcomes by using concrete object learning media. The results of the study showed that the application of the concrete object teaching aid media learning method can improve the learning outcomes of class II students at the Asy-Syifa' Bayung Lencir Integrated Islamic Elementary School. The learning outcomes of class II students at the Asy-Syifa Bayung Lencir Integrated Islamic Elementary School in cycle I were 72.29 with a percentage of completion of 54.17%. These results are still below the completion standard, which is> 75% and the learning objectives have not been achieved. Furthermore, the average mathematics learning outcomes of grade II students at SD Islam Terpadu Asy-Syifa Bayung Lencir in cycle II were 79.79 with a completion percentage of 87.50%. These results are above the completion standard, which is > 75% and the learning objectives have been achieved.

The development of digital technology has brought a significant transformation in the field of education, particularly in learning processes. Traditional teaching methods are now shifting toward more flexible, interactive, and accessible digital systems. This article discusses various strategies for integrating technology into learning in the digital era, including the use of Learning Management Systems (LMS), the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the development of multimedia-based interactive learning content. Furthermore, strengthening digital literacy among teachers and students is a key focus in ensuring the successful implementation of technology in education. This study employs a literature review method by summarizing various scholarly sources and previous research findings. The results indicate that the appropriate application of technology in education can enhance learning effectiveness, promote student independence, and foster 21st-century skills. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the lack of teacher training remain obstacles that need to be addressed. Therefore, collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and the community is essential to create an inclusive and sustainable digital learning ecosystem. This article is expected to contribute to the development of adaptive learning strategies aligned with technological advancements and the needs of the times.    

Understanding geometric concepts is an essential part of the mathematics learning process in elementary school. However, many fifth-grade students face challenges in grasping these concepts due to monotonous and less interactive learning media. These difficulties contribute to students' low comprehension of geometric concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of interactive media in strengthening students' understanding of geometric concepts in elementary school. The research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through observations, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation. The findings reveal that less interactive teaching methods, the lack of concrete learning media, and an unconducive learning environment are the main factors hindering students' understanding. Increasing student participation and facilitating their comprehension of geometric concepts can be achieved by implementing interactive media such as digital simulations, animated videos, and educational games. Thus, interactive media can enhance students' learning motivation and create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere. By integrating interactive media into the mathematics learning process, students are expected to become more actively engaged, focused, and able to understand geometric concepts more effectively.

This study explores the application of English education focused on the topic of body parts, utilising musical resources as a supplementary tool for students in class IV-D at SDN 060871 Medan Timur. The research method used is quantitative with an experimental design through pre-test and post-test to determine the effectiveness of song media in improving English vocabulary mastery. The research results showed that before the application of song media, student learning outcomes were in the poor category with a completeness level of 54.54%. After implementing song media, there was an increase in student learning outcomes until they reached a completion level of 90.90%. This demonstrates that utilising music can aid learners in grasping and retaining English vocabulary with greater efficiency. Apart from that, the results of the confirmation questionnaire also showed that the majority of students gave positive responses to the application of song media in learning English. Therefore, song media can be used as an alternative learning method that is interesting and effective in improving student learning outcomes in mastering English vocabulary.

Student discipline is a crucial aspect in the world of education that directly affects the effectiveness of the learning process. This study aims to analyze the implications of punishment on student discipline using a behaviorist learning theory approach. In this theory, punishment functions as a consequence that reduces unwanted behavior, while positive reinforcement aims to encourage expected behavior. A case study of Mrs. Supriyani, a teacher accused of committing violence against students, is the focus of this study. The results of the study indicate that punishment given appropriately and consistently can build a deterrent effect and increase student discipline. However, excessive or unfair punishment tends to have negative impacts, such as emotional resistance and damaged teacher-student relationships. To achieve more effective discipline, a combination of educational punishment and positive reinforcement is needed so that students not only understand the bad consequences of violations but are also motivated to demonstrate good behavior. Prospects for further development of this research include the implementation of restorative justice methods in conflict resolution and strengthening the role of teachers as learning facilitators who educate without having to cause fear.

Museums are locations that store various collections of cultural and historical heritage, have great potential to attract tourists. Lubuklinggau city students and students utilize the museum as a place of learning to know and understand the heritage that is in the museum. The museum in Lubuklinggau city is the Subkos museum which is located in the center of Lubuiklinggau city. Visiting a museum is not just coming, but also a process of understanding, learning, and appreciating the history and culture that we encounter in various museum collections. Unfortunately, the existence of museums is still not considered by the community, especially in its utilization as a learning tool. The management of existing museums needs to be well organized and adapted to the times. Nowadays, museums do not only focus on collections, but on how to attract visitors and make them an educational resource. This research adopts a qualitative method. The data used consists of two types: first, primary data obtained through direct interviews with museum managers, and second, secondary data taken from articles in relevant journals.

This article discusses policies to improve AI literacy among college students. The development of technology in the digital era is increasingly rapid, and artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important part of various aspects of life, including education. College students as the next generation need to have good AI literacy in order to adapt to the changing times and face the challenges of the increasingly technology-based world of work. AI literacy is not only about understanding how this technology works, but also how to use it effectively and ethically in academic and professional life. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques, namely interviews and documentation studies that aim to examine the development of technology in the increasingly rapid digital era, and artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important part of various aspects of life, including education. The results of the study are then narrated in descriptive form. It can be concluded that AI literacy has an important role in improving the effectiveness of student learning and preparing them for competition in an increasingly technology-based world of work.

This community service activity is motivated by the rapid development of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI) which has penetrated various aspects of life. Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic held a workshop "Deep Learning for Smart Solutions: Workshop on the Use of AI Applications for Daily Life" to increase AI literacy among students and lecturers. The method of implementing this activity includes the preparation of workshop materials, the implementation of presentation sessions, discussions, and practical exercises, as well as evaluation through questionnaires and observations. The results of the activity showed high enthusiasm of participants and increased understanding of the basic concepts of deep learning and AI applications. The interpretation of the questionnaire data showed a high level of participant satisfaction, with an average score of 4.5 on a scale of 5. The results of the participants' practical exercises also demonstrated their ability to apply AI concepts to create simple applications. This activity succeeded in achieving its goal of improving participants' digital skills and encouraging the application of AI in learning and research at Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic. In conclusion, this workshop is effective in improving AI literacy and providing practical experience to participants, and has the potential to be further developed by adding more intensive and diverse practice sessions

This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of differentiated instruction implementation in enhancing critical thinking character in Islamic Elementary School students in Makassar. The research employed a mixed-method approach with an embedded experimental design. The research sample consisted of 68 fourth and fifth-grade students from three Islamic Elementary Schools in Makassar, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, critical thinking ability tests, interviews, and documentation. Differentiated instruction was implemented for 12 weeks, considering variations in students' learning readiness, interests, and learning profiles. The results showed that: (1) the implementation of differentiated instruction was effective with an implementation rate of 87.5%; (2) there was a significant improvement in students' critical thinking abilities with an effect size of 0.82 (high category); (3) the three aspects of critical thinking that experienced the highest improvement were analyzing arguments, evaluating information, and drawing conclusions based on evidence; (4) success supporting factors included comprehensive lesson planning, school leadership support, teacher competence, and integration of Islamic values in the learning process. This research recommends the implementation of differentiated instruction as a strategy to develop students' critical thinking abilities while considering individual learning characteristics and needs.