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This research examines the problem of technological advances creating digital transformation in various aspects of life, one of which is art. Digital evolution in art, giving rise to various new creative expressions, one of which is Non-Fungible Tokens. NFT as a form of creative output has Copyright which is part of Intellectual Property Rights. Based on Government Regulation Number 24 of 2022 concerning Implementing Regulations for Law Number 24 of 2019 concerning the Creative Economy, Intellectual Property Rights can be used as a basis for financing the creative economy sector. This research aims as an effort to encourage the progress of the creative economy sector by examining NFTs as objects of Fiduciary Guarantees in order to optimize Intellectual Property Rights as the basis for financing schemes for the creative economy sector. This research is a prescriptive normative legal research. Types of secondary data include primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is done by literature study, then a conceptual approach is used. The results of this study indicate that NFTs have the potential to be used as objects of fiduciary guarantees, however, there are obstacles in regulations and mechanisms that have not been protected by the government, so it is necessary to adjust more specific regulations related to the use of digital assets in fiduciary schemes and education and increased digital literacy for financial institutions and creative economy actors regarding the potential and risks of using NFTs as objects of fiduciary guarantees.

This study aims to find out and analyze the criminal liability of corporations in Kupang City in supporting the implementation of Law No. 27 of 2007 concerning the Management of Coasts and Small Islands. This research is an empirical judicial research supported by an empirical and normative approach that uses primary data and secondary data collected using interview techniques and literature studies and then processed using editing and coding techniques and analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of this study show that (1) Law Number 27 of 2007 concerning the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands has an important role in regulating the protection and utilization of coastal areas. However, the application of this law in criminal enforcement against the perpetrators of coastal ecosystem destruction still faces various obstacles (2) The legal arrangements in this Law aim to protect, manage, and utilize coastal areas in a sustainable manner. Law Number 27 of 2007 provides a legal basis for the planning, protection, and utilization of coastal ecosystems and involves community participation in the management of natural resources.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) in the management of village finances in Kota SoE Subdistrict, South Central Timor Regency. The implementation of Siskeudes is expected to enhance transoarency, accountability, and effeciency in village financial management. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The result of the study indicate that the implementation of Siskeudes in Kota SoE Subdistrict has been running well, although there are still some obstacles such as the lack of understanding among village officials about the system and limited supporting infastructure. Nevertheles, Siskeudes has had a positive impact on village financial management, such as improving the quality of financial reporting and supervision. This study recommends increasing training and socialization for village officials and improving infrastructurue to support the optimal implementation of Siskeudes in the future.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) model in enhancing students' scientific literacy, particularly in the domain of energy and its transformation. The primary aim of the research was to assess the impact of GIL on students' understanding of complex scientific concepts related to energy, focusing on energy types, transformations, and the conservation law. The GIL model, characterized by active learning, student-centered inquiry, and structured guidance, was implemented through hands-on experiments, observations, and collaborative discussions. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement in scientific literacy, with a 25% increase in post-test scores. The findings suggest that GIL fosters greater student engagement and critical thinking compared to traditional lecture-based methods. Students demonstrated increased confidence and a deeper understanding of energy concepts, making connections between theoretical knowledge and real-world applications. Despite challenges such as time constraints and resource limitations, these obstacles were addressed by adjusting schedules and incorporating virtual simulations to enhance the learning experience. Student feedback was overwhelmingly positive, with participants expressing appreciation for the hands-on nature of the model and the opportunities for peer learning. This study underscores the effectiveness of GIL in improving scientific literacy and suggests that its application could extend to other scientific topics, providing a flexible framework for fostering inquiry and understanding in various educational contexts. Future research is recommended to explore the long-term impact of GIL on other science disciplines and evaluate its broader applicability across different educational settings.

This article explains the challenges faced by Indonesia in providing foreign aid to the Pacific region. The background of the research shows that Indonesia has a strong commitment to contribute to sustainable development in Pacific countries, but the implementation of aid programmes still faces various obstacles, such as a lack of inter-agency coordination and a non-integrated approach. The purpose of this research is to analyse the effectiveness of Indonesia's foreign aid policy using the Political Bureaucracy Model. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, which involves literature review and in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders. The results found that the main challenges include clarity of objectives, lack of strategic approach, and limited funding. It can be concluded that there is a need to develop a long-term strategy and improve inter-agency coordination to optimise the implementation of foreign aid programs, so that Indonesia can be more effective in achieving national goals and supporting Pacific countries.  

This study examines community participation in the development of cultural tourism in Kampung Batik Laweyan, Solo, as well as the factors that support and hinder such involvement. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation methods. The informants in this study include batik business actors, local community administrators, community leaders, government representatives, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) active in the field of cultural preservation and tourism. The results of the study show that community participation is divided into three main dimensions, namely economic, socio-cultural, and institutional. In the economic aspect, the community is involved through batik businesses, homestays, and tourism services. In the socio-cultural aspect, involvement can be seen from the preservation of local traditions and the implementation of cultural activities. Meanwhile, in the institutional aspect, participation can be seen from the active role of residents in decision-making forums related to tourism management. Factors driving participation include collective awareness of the importance of cultural preservation, the economic potential of the tourism sector, and support from the government, NGOs, and educational institutions. However, community participation still faces several obstacles such as lack of education on the concept of sustainable tourism, limited access to capital, and lack of coordination between interested institutions. Cross-sectoral collaboration efforts are needed between the community, government, the private sector, and educational institutions in realizing inclusive and sustainable cultural tourism management. Thus, Laweyan Batik Village can become a model for the development of cultural tourism destinations based on active community participation. The implications of these findings suggest that cultural tourism development policies should not only focus on increasing the number of tourist visits, but also on strengthening the capacity of local communities as key actors.

This study aims to describe and analyse the cultivation of religious character through the tahfidz Al-Qur'an program at MTsN 1 Lima Puluh Kota. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the tahfidz programme in superior VIII grade has had a positive impact on the formation of students' religious character. The cultivation of religious character is carried out through various methods, such as exemplary teachers, habituation, advice, and punishment. Exemplary teachers, such as examples of polite behaviour and dressing according to sharia, provide good examples to students. Habituation, such as praying together before learning and praying zuhur in congregation, forms positive habits in worship. Brief advice from teachers helps students understand the importance of discipline and obedience in religion. Meanwhile, punishment, such as repeating one page of memorisation backwards, is used as an effort to correct the behaviour of students who do not comply with the rules. This study also shows that the Qur'an memorisation programme not only improves students' ability to memorise the Qur'an, but also forms a better person in worship and morals. However, there are still some obstacles in the implementation of this programme, such as students' lack of awareness of religious obligations and lack of religious attitudes. Therefore, it is recommended that the tahfidz programme continue to be improved and supported by all relevant parties to achieve the goal of forming better religious characters in students.

Traffic and road transportation have an important role in supporting national development and integration as part of efforts to advance general welfare as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The type of research used in this research is empirical juridical research, namely legal research. which is carried out by direct research or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection methods are techniques or methods that can be used by researchers to collect data. The data analysis technique used in this legal research uses qualitative analysis.  Based on research that has been carried out, the duties and authority of the Deli Serdang City Traffic Police are fully in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation by ordering and supervising the flow of traffic so that the safety and smoothness of traffic on public roads is maintained. . Various methods and forms of control are carried out by the police, but there are still traffic violators who violate traffic rules. In accordance with Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) owned by the Deli Serdang Regency Police Traffic Unit, control is carried out by warning and ticketing vehicles so that a ticket is given. Based on the results of the interviews, researchers could find out that the implementation of legal socialization carried out by law enforcers was not effective because they only socialized it at the school level and in the fields under Deli Serdang, but the people in the villages or sub-districts did not receive this socialization.  Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that the obstacles that arise in the implementation of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (Study of Traffic Control in the Legal Area of ​​the Deli Serdang City Police. There are several inhibiting factors that cause the implementation of Law No. 22. 2009 Article 77 Paragraph 1 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules for Riding Motorbikes in Deli Serdang Regency and to determine the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of legal regulations regarding the obligation to have a driver's license for driving motorized vehicles when driving in the LLAJ Law

This study aims to analyze the extent of the use of ICT in Islamic religious education learning, what are the obstacles and constraints faced and how the YouTube application contributes as an additional learning resource to the understanding of students. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. This research was conducted at MDTA Ilyas Al-Fath where students in grade 1 were the subjects of this study. The data collection method used observation, interviews and literature studies. The qualitative data analysis was carried out through the approach of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially infocus, laptops, and the YouTube application in Islamic Religious Education learning at MDTA Ilyas Al-Fath has been effective. This is manifested in the implementation carried out through learning through videos of ablution procedures and prayer movements and readings that are implemented. Furthermore, the teachers directly teach students to do what they have seen to then be practiced in real life. The obstacles or constraints faced include the difficulty of teachers in managing student discipline, uneven knowledge of students and infrastructure conditions that are not yet fully adequate. Meanwhile, external obstacles include parents who are still less attentive and environmental conditions that affect the discipline of students in applying what they have learned. The implementation of ICT using the help of the YouTube application has produced real contributions. This can make it easier for teachers and students. In terms of making it easier for teachers because with the help of ICT, learning can be carried out efficiently so that it is possible to apply theoretically and practically to students.

The background that encourages this research is that basically the trilingual program is needed to equip students to have global competitiveness because of their proficiency in English and Arabic. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation, evaluation, and find out the difficulties and obstacles in the implementation of the bilingual program based on holistic education at Al-Azhar Islamic School Sukoharjo. This research method is descriptive qualitative. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. While the data analysis technique includes three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the trilingual program is in the form of using English in English subjects. Evaluation of the bilingual program based on holistic education includes exercise, practice, and enrichment. The difficulties and obstacles faced are that students do not fully understand the learning process using English. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of a holistic education-based bilingual program is carried out through the implementation of three curricula with different approaches, recruitment of teachers who have English language skills, and the use of mixed language in the implementation of learning. Evaluation of teachers is conducted through monthly meetings by the school management. Meanwhile, evaluation for students is carried out through daily assignment assessments, mid-semester exams, and end-of-semester exams. Difficulties and obstacles encountered are the different abilities of students, the different carrying capacity of each family, and the existence of students who do not understand the benefits of language.

Education plays an important role in shaping learners' competencies, including cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects to face the challenges of the times. In Indonesia, education should look at holistic aspects that include character development, life skills and social abilities as mandated in Law No. 20/2003. However, challenges in classroom management and learning boredom often become obstacles. For this reason, innovative approaches are needed, such as the use of interactive learning media. This study aims to examine the effect of using Fun Learning Card media on the learning outcomes of grade XI students at SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya. This media is expected to significantly increase student participation and understanding, overcome boredom, and create more meaningful learning. By using descriptive statistical analysis techniques, standard deviation, and learning outcome categories, the following results were found before using the learning media in cycle 1 with an average score of 49.6. The score was obtained from the lowest score of 35 and the highest score of 70, then also obtained a standard deviation score (P) of 10.2. In cycle 2 using Fun Learning Card media, the highest score was 97 while the lowest score was 76 with an average score of 85.4 and a standard deviation of 6.3.

This research aims to identify barriers to the use of Indonesian in the learning process in the Physical Education, Health and Recreation study program. To measure perceptions and experiences regarding the use of Indonesian in learning, especially in understanding technical content, providing teaching, and communicating between students. This research uses a quantitative approach method by distributing questionnaires to third semester students. The research results show that the majority of respondents think that using Indonesian is effective in understanding basic concepts, but it is difficult to understand technical terms in foreign languages. In addition, misunderstandings often occur between instructors and students, especially in teaching practice environments. Another barrier identified was the lack of specific vocabulary in Indonesian to explain complex concepts in the fields of sport and health. The results of this research indicate that there is a need to adopt terminology in Indonesian that is easier to understand and improve instructors' abilities in creating teaching materials in language that is easier to understand.

This study aims to find out many cases of passengers who have special conditions due to illness, disability, the elderly, pregnant women, disabilities, the visually impaired and their children cannot do it alone, for that they need special services, namely in the form of wheelchair  users to help their journey while at the airport. This study uses qualitative research methods. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, documents and documentation as well as observations. The researcher immediately made observations, the researcher also explained the results of the data taken during the interview and observations for the interview, the researcher interviewed 3 resource persons with document data obtained by the researcher from the documentation of the activities  of the medical officer in handling the Special Passanger (Wheelchair) when carrying out duties and responsibilities in the field and also in the form of implementation documents for the data analysis techniques used, namely Data collection, data reduction, presentation of discussion data and conclusions. The results of this study include, the performance of the Pasasi unit in Handling Special Passengger (Wheelchair) at PT. The Angkasa Gate of I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport Bali has been very good in terms of work quality, work quantity, responsibility, cooperation, and initiatives which all aspects have been very well carried out by the Pasasi unit officers in handling special passengers. Officers must have experienced obstacles, obstacles here such as the wheelchair that is used is not suitable for use such as the wheelchair wheel sounds,  Wheelchair passengers  do not have a companion in carrying out flights, and wheelchair  passengers do not bring a statement letter and other obstacles often occur experienced by the transit officer.

Iskandar Suhardi, Evaluation of Health Protocol Enforcement Performance by Members of the Merdeka Post during the Covid-19 Period by the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service. This study aims to analyze the Performance Evaluation of Health Protocol Enforcement by Members of the Merdeka Post during the Covid-19 Period by the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service. The study used qualitative methods with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that in the application of the health protocol itself in a combined unit of several elements and agencies, it has several weaknesses, first from the community side who really underestimates the Corona virus, then from the officers themselves there is still minimal knowledge in providing education about the importance of complying with health protocol. The enforcement of health protocols did not go as expected, based on the health protocol policy itself, because there were several aspects, where in fact not all people believed in the existence of the corona virus, some even said that this corona was just a political conspiracy and the like, so that officers had difficulty in enforcement of health protocols. In 2020-2021 the health protocol policy is going quite well, people still have fear and vigilance about the spread of the corona virus, but in the course of time and being supported by people who have been vaccinated 1 and 2, it makes people feel safer, so that strict adherence to simple wearing a mask is no longer obeyed, not to mention other things such as washing hands and so on. The implementation of this health protocol policy has many obstacles and the weak side is public awareness and the pros and cons regarding the presence or absence of the corona virus, so that some people do not obey the applicable rules, and this makes it difficult for officers to carry out the policies that have been determined. So in this case the officer must have the right technique or method so that the implementation process can be easier.    

Amrul Mukminin. This study aims to analyze the Effectiveness of the Advertising Tax Contribution in Increasing Local Revenue in Palembang City. This research uses qualitative methods with data observation techniques, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the advertisement tax management was an effort to increase PAD in Palembang City, to someone who was trying to be managed properly. However, there are indeed several problems where the supervision and participation of the community with illegal billboards is still happening and the implementation of regional regulations is not running properly, therefore the PAD from the advertisement tax has not been maximized. The supporting factor in this research is the availability of Palembang mayor regulation number 18 of 2011 concerning requirements, and fixed procedures for collecting advertisement tax and then Palembang City Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2004 concerning Development and Retribution for Advertising. In addition, to support the vision, mission and strategic plans of the Tax Management Agency. Two things support the effectiveness of the advertisement tax contribution. Internal and external factors inhibiting factors. Obstacles in internal factors, for example, the application of sanctions for billboards arrears who have just appeared without the knowledge of the officers, and the lack of socialization from the Regional Tax Management Agency so that the public does not know about the existence of regional regulations regarding advertisement tax. Whereas in external factors, for example, the community's low awareness of paying taxes or they tend to avoid and are dishonest in the report on the results of the installation of billboards and taxpayers who live outside the city of Palembang.

Community reading parks have a role in increasing reading interest. This study measures the level of effectiveness of reading park governance, with the CIPP ( Context, Input, Process, Product ) model qualitatively. The instruments used include document studies, interviews, questionnaires, observations, and focus group discussions . Data analysis is analytical in nature.  interactive. It can be concluded that the level of effectiveness of the management of reading parks in increasing public interest in reading is classified as "sufficient", with a score of 3.56 . The budget is the main obstacle for reading parks, in addition to policy implementation and human resources. The source of funds for reading parks, it turns out, is 75% from own funds, while the book collection of less than 3,000 books reaches 85%. Therefore, the management of reading parks must be further optimized.

Management Drug management consists of Planning, Procurement, Receiving, Storage, Distribution, Destruction, Control. During the Covid 19 pandemic, demand for medicines in the world increased to USD 4.5 billion, for this reason it is necessary to carry out good medicine management. This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The informants in this research were the Head of the Community Health Center, Head of the Medicine Warehouse, Medicine Warehouse Installation Staff, and Health Installation Staff at Simpang Jaya Health Center, Tadu Raya District, Nagan Raya Regency and from triangulated data. This research was conducted from February to October 2021, data collection was carried out by means of in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis by identifying problems using a fishbone diagram to obtain cause and effect relationships. The results of this research show that expert professions in drug management are very necessary, in order to achieve drug management in accordance with the Minister of Health's Regulation, the lack of cupboards is also an obstacle in drug management, the lack of facilities and infrastructure in the Puskesmas includes electronic devices such as computers so that the recording and reporting of drugs is still manually. It is recommended that the implementation of drug management based on the Minister of Health's Regulation concerning Standard Technical Instructions for Public Health Center Pharmaceutical Services in 2019 be maintained.

The purpose of this research is to understand the realization of archive management, the role of administrative staff in archive management, and the obstacles faced by administrative staff in archive management at SMA Swasta Dharma Bhakti Siborongborong, as well as the solutions provided. The approach used in this research is a descriptive approach with qualitative methods. Data can be obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this research describe: (1) The realization of archive management includes the functions of planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising the administrative staff in archive management. (2) The role of administrative staff in serving and providing the necessary information to both internal and external parties of the school. (3) The obstacles faced by administrative staff in archive management include the lack of meticulousness of the administrative staff and the minimal archiving facilities. Therefore, the solution to improve archive management is to add archiving equipment in the administration office such as cabinets, archive racks, and folder maps, and the administrative staff should be more meticulous in storing documents.

The remote-control system on this Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) or unmanned ship uses Long Range (LoRa) technology. LoRa was chosen because of its ability to transmit data over long distances with low power consumption, making it very suitable for applications in the maritime environment. The control system on the USV is responsible for controlling movement, so it involves several technologies and components that work together to ensure the USV can operate efficiently. The way a USV works involves several systems working together to allow the autonomous vehicle to operate on the water surface unmanned or without direct human intervention. Under Line of Sight (LOS) conditions, the range of LoRa-02 to control unmanned is success rate up to a distance of 100 meters and achieved a 100% for data transmission. However, in the Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) test, there was a decrease in the range of only 70 meters due to obstacles such as trees or other objects. The transmitted data comes from the wireless camera in the form of images with timestamp displayed in real-time. The display from the wireless camera is utilized for visual field monitoring and can be monitored remotely.

Abstract. Bureaucratic reform in Indonesia is an important agenda in improving government performance, especially in public services. Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province, faces various challenges in carrying out bureaucratic reforms, such as low capacity of civil servants, limited infrastructure, and resistance to change. Weber's bureaucratic theory, New Public Management (NPM), and the concepts of efficiency, effectiveness, and transparency are the theoretical framework for understanding the importance of bureaucratic reform. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with in-depth interview methods and direct observation. The results of the study show that Kerinci Regency has implemented bureaucratic reform policies, such as simplifying service procedures and using information technology. However, various obstacles such as the lack of ASN capacity and limited infrastructure hinder the implementation of reforms as a whole. The positive impacts identified are increased community satisfaction, transparency, and accountability of local governments. This research recommends increasing the capacity of civil servants, expanding the implementation of e-government, and strengthening service infrastructure to support more effective and sustainable bureaucratic reform. Thus, bureaucratic reform in Kerinci Regency can encourage public services that are more efficient, transparent, and responsive to the needs of the community.