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Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo, characterized by brief episodes of vertigo due to otoconia displacement. Although most previous studies have focused on intrinsic factors such as age, gender, osteoporosis, and metabolic disorders, evidence regarding the role of environmental factors, particularly occupational noise exposure, is limited. Chronic noise has the potential to affect vestibular function through both sensory and vascular mechanisms. This study aims to narratively review the effect of occupational noise exposure on the risk of BPPV by integrating clinical, epidemiological, and experimental findings. The method used is a literature-based narrative review of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases without year restrictions, using the keywords "BPPV", "occupational noise exposure", "vestibular dysfunction", "VEMP", and "otoconia displacement". The search results obtained 25 relevant articles linking BPPV to otolith, hormonal, vascular, lifestyle factors, and occupational noise exposure. The results indicate that chronic noise can cause sensory damage (otoconia and vestibular hair cells), vascular disorders (hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, and inner ear microvascular circulation disorders), and exacerbate lifestyle comorbidities (sedentary lifestyle, osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes). The discussion confirms that these multifactorial mechanisms explain the susceptibility of industrial workers to BPPV despite normal hearing function. The conclusion of this study is that workplace noise exposure has been shown to play a significant role as a risk factor for BPPV, therefore, prevention strategies, vestibular health monitoring, and healthy lifestyle interventions need to be optimized in occupational health programs.

The selection of this research topic is based on the important role of packing machines in the noodle production process. As consumer demand continues to increase and industrial competition becomes more intense, optimizing production efficiency is a critical requirement for manufacturing companies. This study focuses on the Tokiwa W500 Packing Machine used at PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur, Noodle Division, Semarang. The research method involves a comprehensive review of the machine control system to evaluate its operational performance. Data collection was conducted through direct observation, structured interviews with machine operators, and relevant literature review. The review emphasizes system performance, operational efficiency, and the level of automation, while identifying potential areas for improvement. The results indicate that the Tokiwa W500 Packing Machine operates in a stable and consistent manner during the noodle packaging process. However, opportunities were identified to enhance the automation system in order to improve production efficiency and reduce the risk of human error. This study is expected to contribute to the development of more effective and optimized control systems for industrial packing machines.

The ever-changing and rapidly developing fashion trends have created a consumer culture among global society, driven by social media and digital marketing. Excessive consumption of clothing not only fulfills personal needs but also becomes an indicator of social status. As a result, the textile industry has experienced rapid growth, contributing significantly to the economy, especially in countries such as Indonesia and Vietnam. However, textile production uses energy sources that are not environmentally friendly, producing greenhouse gas emissions that have negative impacts on the environment, such as global warming and climate change. Indonesia and Vietnam, as one of the developing countries that rely on industry as a profitable sector, act as the largest contributors of emissions in Southeast Asia. Indonesia and Vietnam face major challenges in reducing environmental impacts while maintaining economic growth. Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are an important priority for long-term sustainability. The implementation of clear, firm and targeted regulations plays an important role in enforcing rules that can protect the environment from perpetrators of destruction by the industrial sector.

The rapid growth of the culinary industry in Purwokerto has led to the emergence of numerous coffee shops with unique and competitive concepts. La Puerto Coffee & Eatery stands out as one of the leading businesses by implementing a green building concept and modern industrial design. This study aims to analyze the business processes of La Puerto using the SWOT and Value Chain methods to identify its strategic position and sustainable development opportunities. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach through direct observation, interviews with management and customers, and literature review. The results show that La Puerto’s main strengths lie in its eco-friendly concept, strategic location, and high-quality service, while its weaknesses include limited digitalization and underdeveloped marketing strategies. The Value Chain analysis reveals that most primary activities are effective; however, digital integration needs improvement to enhance efficiency and value creation. Overall, the combination of SWOT and Value Chain analyses provides a comprehensive understanding of business potential, suggesting that digital transformation, service innovation, and community-based marketing are key strategies for sustaining La Puerto Coffee & Eatery’s competitiveness in the dynamic culinary industry.  

The gap between academic curriculum content and modern industrial needs is often an obstacle for fresh graduates in the Information Technology field, particularly in the rapidly evolving Artificial Intelligence (AI) sector. This study aims to identify the relationship patterns among technical competencies (hard skills) most demanded by the global industry. The method employed is Association Rule Mining with the Apriori algorithm to discover association rules between skills, and Network Graph Analysis to visualize the topological map of these competencies. The research dataset covers 15,000 AI job vacancies from the 2024-2025 period, analyzed in depth using Support, Confidence, and Lift Ratio evaluation parameters to validate the strength of relationships between items. The results show that Python is the central competency with the highest frequency of occurrence. Strong association rules were found indicating that proficiency in TensorFlow has a high probability of requiring Python proficiency. The Network Graph visualization reveals three main competency clusters: Data Engineering Ecosystem, Deep Learning, and Infrastructure. These findings offer a strategic foundation for aligning curricula with the job market. Focusing on strengthening the identified competency clusters is expected to directly enhance the relevance and work readiness of graduates.

This study aims to analyze the marketing of health-based local products in Plenen Village as a buffer village of the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate and its implications for community welfare. The identified problems include limited human resource capacity, restricted market access, and limited understanding of modern marketing strategies among micro and small business actors. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews and field observations, while secondary data were collected from official documents, development reports, and related publications. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions using source and method triangulation to ensure validity. The results indicate that the people of Plenen Village have diverse potential in health-based local products, including healthy processed foods and herbal products. The marketing strategies applied include direct marketing, digital marketing, and partnerships with local communities, which significantly improve community income and welfare. Major challenges still include limited product innovation and human resource capacity. This study concludes that marketing health-based local products can be an effective strategy to enhance the welfare of buffer village communities around industrial estates, provided it is supported by empowerment, innovation, and adequate policies.

The development of industrial areas has direct implications for surrounding buffer villages, including Plenen Village, which is adjacent to the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate (KITB)/Batang Industropolis Special Economic Zone (SEZ). The main issue identified is the suboptimal utilization of industrial development opportunities to improve local community welfare. This study aims to analyze the synergy between village government and industrial areas in empowering the community of Plenen Village. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis, and were analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that synergy between the village government and industrial area has been established through program coordination, facilitation of local labor absorption, and social support via corporate social responsibility programs. However, such synergy remains partial and has not been institutionally integrated, resulting in limited impact on community empowerment. The study concludes that strengthening collaborative governance and joint planning is essential to ensure that industrial development provides more inclusive and sustainable benefits for buffer village communities.

This study examines the price elasticity of fresh cow’s milk on the demand for raw materials at Anisa Yoghurt Company using a demand theory approach. Milk is the main input in yoghurt production, making price fluctuations potentially influential on production decisions. The objective of this research is to analyze the responsiveness of raw milk demand to price changes and to identify the elasticity characteristics of milk demand in a small-scale food processing business. This study employs a quantitative case study method using primary data collected through weekly observations of milk prices and quantities purchased over a three-month period, from September to November. The analysis applies the midpoint elasticity formula to measure price elasticity of demand. The findings indicate that the demand for raw milk is consistently inelastic across the observed periods, as shown by elasticity values with absolute magnitudes less than one. Both price decreases and increases result in relatively small changes in the quantity demanded, indicating low sensitivity of demand to price fluctuations. These results suggest that raw milk is an essential production input, and purchasing decisions are driven more by production needs than by short-term price changes. The study implies that yoghurt producers should prioritize supply stability and production efficiency rather than adjusting purchase volumes in response to minor price changes. This research contributes empirical evidence on demand elasticity in dairy-based agro-industries, particularly at the small enterprise level.

The shift in economic structure from a reliance on traditional agriculture to modern industrialization has yielded various competitive advantages for a region. The presence of leading sectors at the local level is a strong indicator of increased added value and high productivity, fueled by a healthy competitive climate among business actors. This phenomenon is closely related to the characteristics of the industrial sector, which possesses very strong forward and backward linkages, making it a primary driver of national economic growth. Progress in the manufacturing sector is not merely a measure of economic success but also serves as a driver of fiscal stability through massive employment absorption and increased foreign exchange earnings. Industrial growth is considered highly strategic because it holds significant potential for future expansion through technological innovation and production efficiency. This condition makes industrial cluster development an instrument for driving sustainable economic growth in Indonesia, while simultaneously strengthening the competitiveness of local products in the global market through the integration of a more organized production system.

Local coffee micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Karang Sidemen Village, Central Lombok Regency, have significant development potential; however, they still face challenges related to marketing practices and limited value addition. Conventional marketing systems restrict market reach and reduce product competitiveness. In the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0, digital marketing offers a strategic opportunity for MSMEs to enhance product promotion and sales performance. This community service program aimed to strengthen the capacity of local coffee MSMEs through the implementation of social media–based digital marketing strategies. A participatory approach was employed, actively involving MSME actors and students through stages of problem identification, program planning, training and hands-on digital marketing practices, and evaluation. The results demonstrated an improvement in participants’ understanding and skills in utilizing social media as a promotional tool, as reflected by the initiative to develop and publish promotional video content for local coffee products, including the flagship Versilia coffee variant. The use of visual content and storytelling facilitated the practical adoption of digital marketing strategies. Overall, this program contributed to shifting marketing behavior from conventional to digital approaches and strengthening the sustainable competitiveness of local coffee MSMEs.

Waste management has become a critical issue in achieving sustainable development, particularly in urban areas such as Medan City, where the volume of waste continues to increase each year. This study aims to analyze the optimization of economically valuable waste utilization through recycling activities to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using a literature-based approach. The method employed is a literature review by collecting, examining, and comparing previous research from national and international journals related to recycling practices, circular economy principles, and urban waste management. The findings indicate that the utilization of economically valuable waste—such as plastic, paper, metal, and organic materials—can generate economic benefits for communities while improving overall waste management efficiency. The reviewed studies also highlight several key factors influencing recycling success, including government policies, the availability of recycling facilities, public awareness, and collaboration with recycling industries. Optimizing waste utilization has been shown to contribute significantly to various SDGs targets, including waste reduction, improved community welfare, and environmental protection. Therefore, strengthening the recycling ecosystem through multi-stakeholder collaboration is essential for Medan City in promoting sustainable urban development.

Local economic development in the village is a major factor in sustainable development. This study aims to understand how tourism villages and creative industries can work together to improve the local community's economy. The method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. With in-depth techniques, data collection includes observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of this study indicate that the synergy between Gronjong Wariti tourism and the Emping Melinjo creative industry has great potential to improve the economy of the Mejono Village community in order to increase income, open job opportunities, and improve people's lives. However, there are several obstacles faced, including a lack of attention and support from the local government, minimal supporting facilities, low quality of human resources (HR), the use of simple production technology, and suboptimal promotion. The Emping Melinjo creative industry faces several serious challenges, such as limited quality raw materials, dependence on middlemen, and low public awareness of the village's potential. Relatively high product prices also reduce purchasing power. To address this, we need to strengthen marketing networks and seek more stable alternative sources of raw materials. Furthermore, business management is suboptimal. Therefore, strategies are needed to optimize this synergy, such as improving human resource quality, product quality, and promotion, enhancing management capabilities, developing supporting infrastructure, fostering product innovation, and developing a monitoring and evaluation system.

This study is entitled "The Role of the Indonesian Transport Workers Federation (FSPTI) in Defending the Rights of Stevedoring Workers (TKBM) in Padangsidimpuan City". The background of this study is based on the importance of the existence of trade unions as a forum for workers' struggle in protecting and fighting for the normative rights of workers as guaranteed in Law Number 21 of 2000 concerning Workers' Unions/Labor Unions. In practice, many workers still face employment problems due to their weak bargaining position, lack of legal awareness, and low protection from employers. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the role of the FSPTI of Padangsidimpuan City in defending the rights of Stevedoring Workers, as well as to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of Law Number 21 of 2000 on the implementation of trade union functions at the regional level. The research method used is empirical juridical, with a qualitative approach that combines primary data through interviews, as well as secondary data through literature reviews of laws and regulations and related legal literature. The research results indicate that the Padangsidimpuan FSPTI plays a strategic role in advancing the interests of TKBM workers through advocacy, legal assistance, and negotiations with employers and local governments. However, the implementation of Law Number 21 of 2000 has not been fully effective due to challenges such as limited resources, low participant participation, and weak enforcement of labor laws. Overall, the FSPTI has made maximum efforts to advocate for the rights of TKBM workers, but further government support and organizational capacity building are needed to further optimize the union's function.

Kecap merupakan produk fermentasi kedelai yang berperan penting sebagai bumbu penyedap dalam masakan. Berdasarkan rasa dan kekentalannya, kecap dibedakan menjadi kecap manis dan kecap asin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan teknologi filling otomatis sebagai solusi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi proses pengemasan botol kecap pada skala UMKM. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Permintaan pasar yang tinggi terhadap kecap manis mendorong tumbuhnya industri kecil. Namun, UMKM ini menghadapi kendala dalam hal kapasitas produksi dan konsistensi mutu produk. Salah satu proses yang memerlukan waktu lama dan tidak efisien adalah pengemasan manual. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diterapkan solusi teknologi berupa filling machine semi otomatis. Teknologi ini mempercepat proses pengisian botol, mengurangi kehilangan produk akibat tumpahan, serta meningkatkan efisiensi waktu dan tenaga kerja. Meskipun memerlukan investasi awal yang cukup besar dan ketergantungan pada listrik, penggunaan filling machine semi otomatis terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas produksi kecap di skala UMKM.

Indonesia is the world’s second largest contributor of plastic waste entering the oceans, where it degrades into microplastics smaller than 1 micron. The use of bioplastics is therefore essential to mitigate environmental pollution. One promising alternative is starch–cellulose blend bioplastic derived from empty fruit bunches (EFB) of oil palm. Indonesia produces about 56.35 million tons of EFB annually, containing approximately 40% cellulose, which makes it a potential raw material for bioplastic production, although commercialization has not yet been realized. Environmentally, converting EFB into bioplastics within the palm oil value chain represents a sustainable waste recycling strategy that transforms solid residues into higher-value products. In this design, soda cooking technology is employed to extract cellulose from EFB, utilizing about 16% of waste from a crude palm oil (CPO) mill with a capacity of 30 tons of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) per hour. The starch–cellulose blend bioplastic pellets are formulated using gelatinized cassava starch as the polymer matrix, glycerol as a plasticizer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer, and cellulose as a filler. The designed production capacity of the EFB-based starch–cellulose bioplastic plant is 16,500 tons per year. This bioplastic industry is expected to contribute positively to achieving eight Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including Goals 1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 17, thereby supporting Indonesia’s commitment to sustainable industrial development and a cleaner environment.

Persaingan industri distribusi yang semakin ketat menuntut perusahaan untuk memiliki sistem manajemen persediaan yang efisien dan terintegrasi. PT. Nindy Glow Beauty Aesthetic, sebuah klinik kecantikan yang bergerak di bidang penjualan produk skincare di Sei Piring, saat ini masih menggunakan nota pembelian manual sebagai acuan informasi persediaan barang. Hal ini mengakibatkan data stok tidak akurat dan menghambat pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi persediaan barang berbasis metode Supply Chain Management (SCM) yang dapat membantu perusahaan dalam merencanakan kebutuhan stok berdasarkan data penjualan, permintaan, dan ketersediaan barang. Hasil dari pengembangan sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan persediaan, mengurangi kerugian akibat kelebihan atau kekurangan stok, serta mendukung proses distribusi produk skincare secara optimal. Studi ini juga mengacu pada penelitian sebelumnya yang menunjukkan keberhasilan penerapan metode SCM di berbagai sektor industri

Angklung is one of the traditional musical instruments originating from the Sundanese culture in West Java, Indonesia, and has been recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO since 2010. This research aims to analyze the functions, values, and development of angklung in West Java society. The study applies a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, field observations, and interviews with cultural practitioners. The findings show that angklung plays an important role not only as a musical medium but also as a tool for social cohesion, educational development, and cultural identity preservation. Over time, angklung has experienced significant transformation in terms of performance, musical arrangements, and adaptation in modern contexts, such as tourism, creative industries, and international collaborations. However, challenges remain in maintaining authenticity amid commercialization and the declining interest of younger generations in traditional musical arts. This study highlights the need for continuous cultural education, community engagement, and government support to sustain angklung's legacy. The implications of this study contribute to cultural preservation strategies and provide insights into the sustainable development of traditional arts in the modern era.

This study examines the effectiveness of national legislative strategies in promoting corporate accountability for industrial pollution and social justice violations. It analyzes a comparative legal framework, focusing on laws, enforcement mechanisms, and corporate liability regimes in countries such as France, Germany, Norway, China, and Australia. The research evaluates how mandatory due diligence laws, judicial measures, and transparency mechanisms help hold corporations accountable for environmental impacts. It compares voluntary compliance models with mandatory legal frameworks, noting the limitations of voluntary agreements in driving substantial environmental changes. Findings show that countries with strong legal frameworks, like the EU and Australia, achieve higher corporate compliance and environmental performance, while voluntary measures struggle to produce meaningful results. The study emphasizes the need for stronger enforcement, higher penalties for violations, and enhanced public transparency. Additionally, it explores integrating environmental justice considerations, such as community participation and fair compensation, into national strategies. The study offers policy recommendations for improving corporate responsibility through better legislation, harmonizing laws across jurisdictions, and fostering collaboration among governments, corporations, and civil society. It also suggests future research directions, including examining the long-term impacts of environmental justice policies in different global contexts.

This study investigates Indonesia’s long-term economic transformation across four pivotal eras: the colonial period, the Old Order, the New Order, and the Reformasi era. Employing a descriptive qualitative design with historical analysis, the research elucidates how political transitions, institutional reforms, and global dynamics have interacted to shape the nation's economic architecture. Results indicate that colonial legacies entrenched deep structural inequalities and a dualistic economy, creating a path dependency that continued to influence policy direction after independence. During the Old Order, efforts to assert economic sovereignty were constrained by macroeconomic instability, limited state capacity, and shifting political coalitions. The New Order marked a turning point toward industrialization, macroeconomic stabilization, and openness to foreign investment, generating high growth but also deepening inequality and dependence on external capital. Entering the Reformasi era, decentralization, democratization of governance, and fiscal transparency reshaped institutional frameworks; however, persistent challenges such as regional disparities, productivity gaps, and vulnerability to global shocks remain evident. The study concludes that Indonesia’s economic evolution is non-linear, shaped by historical constraints and gradual institutional adaptation rather than abrupt shifts. Strengthening governance, enhancing domestic industrial competitiveness, and expanding inclusive development policies are essential strategies for supporting long-term resilience. These findings highlight the importance of continuity in policy reform to achieve sustainable growth and to realize the national vision of Indonesia Emas 2045.

The development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 to the Society 5.0 era presents new challenges for education, including Islamic Religious Education (PAI). PAI is required not only to transfer religious knowledge but also to shape character, morality, and 21st-century competencies. This study aims to examine the philosophical foundations, characteristics, and application of PAI learning models to ensure their relevance in modern education. The research employed a qualitative approach with a library research design, involving the exploration of primary and secondary literature, critical reading, systematic note-taking, and content analysis validated through triangulation of classical and contemporary sources. The findings indicate that PAI learning models are conceptual, theoretical, systematic, and rooted in religious, philosophical, psychological, and sociological foundations. Four main models behavioristic, information processing, social, and humanistic each have strengths and limitations, yet their integration is relevant to forming insan kamil, a holistic human being balanced in cognitive, affective, psychomotor, spiritual, and social aspects. Therefore, developing PAI learning models based on Islamic philosophy and adaptive to technological advancements is a strategic necessity to face global challenges.