Publication Search

Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease, particularly challenging in regions with extensive service areas. Community health volunteers are essential for prevention and management through blood pressure measurement. Existing training programs focus primarily on knowledge, highlighting the need to integrate cognitive learning with small-group skills practice to enhance practical competencies and community-based hypertension control. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest design was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of combined lecture and small-group training. Knowledge was assessed before and after training, while skills were evaluated post-intervention. Thirty volunteers from the Public Health Center Selakau participated. The results showed that knowledge of blood pressure measurement improved significantly, with pretest scores of 74.67 ± 16.34 rising to posttest scores of 90.00 ± 10.50 (p < 0.005). Posttest evaluation of practical skills showed a mean score of 80.93 ± 13.35, indicating proficient performance in most assessed items. Combined lecture and small-group training effectively enhanced both knowledge and practical skills of community health volunteers in blood pressure measurement. Integrating cognitive learning with hands-on practice strengthens theoretical understanding and field competencies, supporting more effective community-based hypertension control programs.

This community service activity aims to improve the First Aid Awareness of students at SMAN 5 Tegal through health education and first aid simulation for accident management. The background of this program is based on the high potential for mild to moderate emergency incidents in the school environment, such as fainting, open wounds, nosebleeds, choking, and seizures, as well as the limited knowledge and practical skills of students in providing appropriate initial assistance. The implementation method consisted of three stages: preparation, delivery of health education using presentations and demonstrations, and hands-on simulation, followed by evaluation through knowledge assessment and skills observation. The participants were 54 students representing three grade levels. The expected outcomes of this activity include an improvement in students’ conceptual understanding and practical ability to perform first aid quickly, correctly, and safely before professional medical help arrives. In addition, this program is expected to foster emergency responsiveness, increase students’ confidence in handling accident situations at school, and contribute to the development of a safer and more prepared school environment. The outputs of this activity include increased knowledge and skill scores, documented implementation, and publication of a community service article in a SINTA-indexed journal.

The use of cosmetics, especially day creams, is increasing along with the high public interest in facial skin care. However, day cream products are still found to potentially contain hydroquinone, a skin whitening agent whose use is restricted because it can cause harmful side effects on skin health. This study aims to identify the presence and determine the levels of hydroquinone in day cream products circulating in District X, Sukoharjo Regency, and to assess their compliance with the regulations of the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (BPOM). This study was a descriptive analytical study using a purposive sampling technique. A total of 15 day cream products were analyzed, consisting of 8 BPOM-registered products and 7 products not registered with BPOM. Qualitative analysis was conducted using color reaction tests with FeCl₃, Benedict’s, and o-phenanthroline reagents. Furthermore, quantitative analysis was performed using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method to accurately and specifically confirm the presence and determine the levels of hydroquinone. The results showed that the color reaction test has limitations in specifically identifying hydroquinone. HPLC confirmation revealed the presence of hydroquinone in several day cream samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.024% to 0.150%. These findings indicate the need for stricter monitoring of day cream distribution to ensure the safety of cosmetic products for the wider public.

Helminth infections caused by Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Taenia sp. remain a major public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia, particularly among elementary school children. This study aimed to identify the presence of eggs and larvae of intestinal nematodes and cestodes in fecal samples collected from elementary school children in Bekoso Village, East Kalimantan. The research employed a descriptive survey method with a cross-sectional approach, and laboratory examinations were conducted using the Kato-Katz technique. A total of 16 fecal samples were examined to detect Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Taenia sp. eggs. The results showed that 12.5% of samples were positive for hookworm eggs, 12.5% for Taenia sp. eggs, and 6.25% for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. These findings indicate that poor personal hygiene and inadequate environmental sanitation contribute to an increased risk of intestinal helminth transmission. The study highlights the importance of preventive efforts through the promotion of clean and healthy living behaviors, consistent use of footwear, handwashing with soap, and community participation in mass deworming programs to reduce the prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among elementary school children.

This study aims to determine the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at the Bobotsari Community Health Center. Patient satisfaction is an important indicator that reflects the quality of healthcare services. This research employed a quantitative descriptive method using a SERVQUAL-based questionnaire, consisting of five dimensions: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. A total of 100 outpatient respondents were selected through accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine satisfaction scores for each dimension. The results showed that the tangible dimension achieved 80.57% and the reliability dimension achieved 82%, both categorized as very satisfied. Meanwhile, responsiveness (79.02%), assurance (79.05%), and empathy (77.95%) were categorized as satisfied. The overall average satisfaction level was 79.72%, indicating that patients were generally satisfied with the pharmaceutical services. However, several aspects such as service speed, communication clarity, and personal attention from staff still require improvement. The findings emphasize the importance of maintaining service quality to achieve better patient experiences and public trust.

Cassava is one of the strategic agricultural commodities in Indonesia, contributing significantly to national production, particularly in several major producing provinces. In addition to the challenge of declining harvested areas, cassava processing activities also generate agricultural waste that poses environmental risks. In Purwasari Village, Dramaga Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, household-scale cassava processing industries produce solid waste in the form of cassava peels, which are not optimally managed and are commonly discarded in the surrounding environment. This cassava waste has the potential to cause environmental pollution, unpleasant odours, and negative impacts on public health. One sustainable alternative for managing this cassava waste is the use of cassava peels as a raw material for composting. This study aimed to identify problems associated with cassava peel waste and to assess members of the Taruna Tani Millennial Farmer Group's interest in compost production using cassava peels. The research was conducted from December 2024 to June 2025 using a community-based assistance approach. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires involving 20 respondents. The results showed that the main problems associated with cassava peel waste include waste accumulation, limited processing facilities, and low community awareness. Farmers’ interest in cassava peel composting was generally categorized as high, with an average score of 77%, although several indicators remained at a moderate level. Extension activities and hands-on demonstrations were proven to enhance farmers’ understanding, interest, and participation. With sustained educational support and adequate facilities, the use of cassava peel compost has strong potential to promote environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural waste management.

Air pollution constitutes a significant environmental problem with far-reaching impacts on public health, quality of life, and ecosystem sustainability, particularly in urban areas and industrial zones in Indonesia. Although the national environmental legal framework has adopted the principle of strict liability through Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, its implementation in air pollution cases continues to face substantial challenges, especially with regard to the proof and assessment of non-material damages. Non-material damages such as disturbances to living comfort, deterioration of environmental quality, psychological stress, and health-related anxiety are intangible in nature and lack clear measurement standards, resulting in their frequent exclusion or inadequate consideration in environmental civil litigation. This study aims to analyze the legal basis for the application of the strict liability principle to air pollution cases in Indonesia, identify relevant forms of non-material damage, and examine the implications of the absence of standardized methods for assessing such damages on legal certainty and the effectiveness of corporate liability enforcement. The research employs a normative legal research method with a library-based approach, incorporating statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Legal materials are analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical method, drawing upon legislation, court decisions, and scholarly literature on environmental law and environmental damage valuation. The findings indicate that the absence of standardized criteria for assessing non-material damages leads to evidentiary difficulties, inconsistent court decisions, and a weakened deterrent effect on polluting corporations, thereby preventing the full realization of victims’ rights to effective remedies. This study underscores the urgency of developing an integrated national technical guideline for the assessment of non-material environmental damages based on scientifically grounded valuation methods, as well as the need for cross-institutional policy harmonization to strengthen legal certainty, access to justice for affected communities, and corporate accountability in controlling air pollution.

Hypertension is a significant global health problem, especially in specific groups such as pregnant women. The high incidence and potential for serious complications demand non pharmacological management efforts and innovative use of local foods. This study examines the potential of local functional foods such as Ambon bananas, banana blossoms, and bamboo shoots as alternatives for health management and product development, particularly those related to hypertension in pregnant women. The method used was a systematic literature review using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, which encompasses four main stages: identification, screening, feasibility assessment, and analysis of results.The study results showed that the Ambon banana diet significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Factors such as age, family support, stress levels, and fast food consumption were shown to be significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women. Furthermore, bamboo shoot consumption significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels and blood pressure. In terms of product innovation, the fish floss formulation combined with banana blossoms or bamboo shoots received positive feedback from the panelists. The fermentation process of bamboo shoots is known to produce flour with a very high crude fiber content. Therefore, this local food has significant potential as a source of additional fiber and a raw material for value-added processed products to support food security and improve public health.

This study examines the utilization of Aloe vera as a herbal medicine by the community of Sobawagoli Village, Indonesia. The research aims to document local knowledge related to the processing, application, and perceived benefits of Aloe vera in traditional healthcare practices. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through direct field observations, in-depth interviews with community members, and documentation of preparation methods. The findings reveal that Aloe vera is widely used for both internal and external treatments, including digestive disorders, internal heat, hypertension, burns, skin inflammation, and natural skin and hair care. The plant is processed through simple methods such as boiling, blending, and direct topical application, reflecting the accessibility and practicality of herbal medicine in rural settings. Community perceptions toward Aloe vera are highly positive, viewing it as a safe, effective, and culturally embedded alternative to chemical medicines. These practices are supported by empirical experiences and align with recent scientific studies highlighting the therapeutic properties of Aloe vera. The study underscores the importance of preserving indigenous herbal knowledge and integrating it with modern health education to promote sustainable, community-based healthcare systems.

Exercise is a planned physical activity that not only contributes to physical fitness but also plays a significant role in maintaining and improving mental health. This study aims to explore the relationship between physical exercise and mental well-being among adolescents and university students with diverse backgrounds of physical activity. The research employs a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews with five informants, consisting of university students who engage in recreational exercise, recreational runners, middle- and long-distance runners, and a sprinter. Data collection was conducted in several public sports spaces in the city of Bandung, focusing on participants’ subjective experiences related to their psychological conditions before and after engaging in exercise. The findings indicate that all participants perceive exercise as an effective means of emotional regulation. Physical activity is consistently associated with improved mood, reduced stress, enhanced sleep quality, stable energy levels, and increased academic concentration and focus. In addition, exercise contributes to the development of self-confidence, self-efficacy, and self-control through structured routines. The social aspects of exercise, such as support from peers, communities, and coaches, were shown to strengthen the sustainability of physical activity while also providing essential emotional support for mental health. However, among competitive athletes, performance-related pressure was identified as a factor that may negatively affect psychological well-being, although this effect can be moderated by adequate social support. Overall, the findings of this study emphasize that exercise functions as an adaptive coping mechanism operating through biological, psychological, and social pathways, and highlight the importance of consistency and balance in physical activity to achieve optimal mental health benefits.  

The mental health crisis in Indonesia is increasingly alarming, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, social stigma, and unequal access to professional services. A clinical approach alone is not enough to address this complex problem. This study offers a novelty in the form of an integrative approach: revitalizing the role of families and communities based on Islamic values (rahmah, ta'awun, shabr, syura, tarbiyah ruhiyah) combined with the use of digital social communities as a medium for education, discussion, and support systems. The research method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach, reviewing national and international literature, social support theory (Cohen & Wills, 1985), religious coping (Koenig, 2012), and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory (1979). The results of the study show that families play a strategic role in the prevention, assistance, and referral of mental health cases, while digital communities are effective as spaces for education and emotional validation, with scalability and anonymity as their main strengths. Concrete strategies offered include family education, stigma-free campaigns on social media, spiritual care hotlines, and cross-sector collaboration. This approach is in line with the collectivist culture of Indonesian Muslim society and is more adaptive in the digital era. This research is expected to serve as a conceptual foundation for practical programs, public policy, and further research to create a more caring, stigma-free, and resilient society in the face of mental health crises.

The "Desa Sehat Berdaya: Digital-Based Health and Local Economy Innovation" program was implemented in Bulawan 2 Village to address low awareness of preventive health, Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors (PHBS), and limited social education for children and adolescents on bullying, early marriage, and drug abuse (NAPZA). The goal was to improve public health through promotive-preventive interventions, enhance health cadre capacity for sustainable village programs, and increase understanding of healthy behaviors and social risks among youth. A participatory-collaborative approach was used, involving community organization, multi-party coordination, program presentation, intervention implementation, evaluation, and follow-up with health cadres, alongside simple digital media utilization. Results showed increased community participation in posyandu, healthy exercises, and free health checkups, as well as improved cadre capacity through MP-ASI training. For youth, PHBS socialization, anti-bullying, early marriage education, and NAPZA awareness enhanced understanding of healthy behaviors and social issues. Collaboration with Karang Taruna strengthened youth participation and social cohesion.

Measles Rubella (MR) immunization coverage in Indonesia remains below the national target of 95%, with coverage in 2024 reaching only 82.3% and showing a decline compared to the previous year. A lower coverage was observed in the working area of Pekanbaru Kota Public Health Center, where only238 out of 547 eligible children (41.3%) received MR immunization. Low immunization coverage may reduce herd immunity and increase the risk of measles and rubella outbreaks. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing MR immunization uptake among children under five in the working area of Pekanbaru Kota Public Health Center in 2025. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design involving 40 mothers of children aged 9–60 months selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing maternal knowledge, attitudes, family support, support from health workers, and travel time to health facilities. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-Square test at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed that 67.5% of respondents had provided MR immunization to their  children.  Significant associations  were  found  between  maternal knowledge (p = 0.033), maternal attitudes (p = 0.037), family support (p = 0.002), and health worker support (p = 0.015) with MR immunization uptake, while travel time to health facilities was not significantly associated (p = 0.053). In conclusion, maternal knowledge and attitudes, family support, and health worker support are significant factors influencing MR immunization uptake, highlighting the need to strengthen health education and family involvement to improve MR immunization coverage.

Health behaviors among youth have undergone a significant transformation, shifting from nightlife culture and alcohol consumption toward healthy lifestyles such as community sports (running and padel). This phenomenon, known as the sober curious movement, is triggered by massive interactions in digital spaces. This study aims to analyze the role of social media as a catalyst in the transformation of the sober curious lifestyle and the increased participation of youth in healthy living through a literature review. This research employs a narrative literature review method. Literature searches were conducted through the Consensus database, Google Scholar, and Garuda, covering the period from 2021 to 2026. Data analysis was performed thematically on articles relevant to the digital health behavior of young adults. Findings indicate that social media acts as a primary catalyst through social norm engineering, whereby health is now viewed as a prestigious social status symbol. Digital platforms provide a space for the younger generation to normalise alcohol-free lifestyles, so that they are no longer considered unusual by their peers. The synergy between educational content and online communities accelerates the continuous internalisation of preventive values. Social media effectively shifts the health paradigm of the younger generation from a mere medical obligation to an aspirational digital identity. Public health practitioners need to optimize this digital potential as a proactive health promotion instrument to foster a fitter society in the future.

Online gambling has emerged as a growing public health and social concern, particularly in developing countries with rapid digitalization such as Indonesia. Increased internet accessibility, mobile device usage, and financial technology services have facilitated the widespread adoption of online gambling across diverse age groups, including adolescents. This study aims to investigate the phenomenon of online gambling and identify key determinants contributing to addictive gambling behavior. The method used is a narrative literature review, synthesizing findings from national and international studies related to online gambling, behavioral addiction, psychological mechanisms, and socio-environmental factors. The findings indicate that online gambling addiction is influenced by multiple interrelated determinants, including economic pressure, cognitive distortions such as illusion of control, low legal awareness, environmental exposure, and technological features embedded in gambling platforms. Neurobiologically, repetitive gambling behavior is reinforced by dysregulation of the brain’s reward system, particularly dopamine pathways, which strengthens compulsive engagement despite adverse consequences. Psychosocial impacts include increased risk of anxiety, depression, financial instability, social isolation, and criminal behavior. The study also highlights that adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to developmental factors and peer influence. The implications of these findings emphasize the need for comprehensive prevention strategies involving stricter legal enforcement, public education, mental health interventions, family support, and technological regulation. A multidisciplinary and public health–oriented approach is essential to reduce the prevalence of online gambling addiction and mitigate its long-term psychological, social, and economic consequences.

The legal relationship between doctors and patients is essentially based on an obligation of effort (inspanningverbintenis), rather than an obligation of result (resultaatverbintenis). In practice, however, dissatisfaction with the outcomes of medical services often leads to criminal reports alleging medical negligence, which implies the criminalization of healthcare professionals. On the other hand, Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health and the Regulation of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2021 provide broader opportunities for the application of restorative justice in resolving criminal cases, including medical negligence. This research aims to analyze the criteria for applying restorative justice in medical negligence cases at the investigation level, examine resolution patterns oriented toward recovery and justice for all parties, and identify the obstacles faced by investigators in implementing this mechanism. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, conducted through a review of legislation, legal doctrines, and expert opinions in the fields of health law and criminal law. The results indicate that the application of restorative justice in medical negligence cases can, in principle, be carried out as long as it meets the formal and material requirements as regulated in Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021, and aligns with the restorative resolution paradigm promoted by Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health. Resolution patterns oriented toward mediation, reconciliation, and reparation are considered more capable of achieving substantive justice for victims while providing protection for medical personnel who lack mens rea. Nevertheless, the implementation of restorative justice at the investigation level still faces various obstacles, including subjectivity in determining compensation, differing understandings among law enforcement officers regarding the boundary between professional error and criminal offense, disagreement between parties, and the pressure of public opinion and social media. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations, increase the capacity of investigators, and harmonize understanding among stakeholders to optimize the application of restorative justice in medical negligence cases.

Low levels of maternal knowledge and appropriate nutritional practices, combined with limited continuity of nutrition education from health workers, remain significant risk factors for maternal and child health problems, including stunting. The GEMPITA Program (Gerakan Edukasi MPASI Tepat dan Aman / Safe and Appropriate Complementary Feeding Education Movement) was implemented as a community service initiative to improve nutritional knowledge, skills, and practices among families in the working area of Teratak Public Health Center. The program employed structured methods, including socialization, education, training, demonstrations, mentoring, and non-formal monitoring and evaluation. The target participants were mothers with children aged 6–24 months, as well as health workers and community health cadres. Program effectiveness was assessed using pretest posttest measurements and direct observation of behavioral changes. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in maternal knowledge regarding appropriate complementary feeding, enhanced skills in age-appropriate food preparation, and improved hygienic and nutritious feeding practices. In addition, the capacity of health workers to deliver nutrition education was strengthened. Overall, the GEMPITA Program proved effective in improving family nutrition practices and reinforcing the role of the public health center in stunting prevention through a sustainable community empowerment approach.

Data from the 2020 LFSP (Long Form Population Census) recorded a maternal mortality ratio of 189 per 100,000 live births, while the infant mortality rate was recorded at 16.85 per 1,000 live births. The causes of maternal mortality were hemorrhage, preeclampsia/eclampsia, infection, prolonged labor, and miscarriage. Meanwhile, the majority of infant deaths were due to low birth weight, asphyxia, and infection at birth. Stunting remains a particular concern in Tegal City. Various measures have been taken, and the stunting rate has decreased to around 13.8% according to data from early 2025. This PKM is expected to increase public knowledge on caring for pregnant women, women in labor, postpartum women, and newborns, as well as preventing stunting in children, thereby reducing maternal and infant mortality rates. The methods used in this activity include health education and outreach with a promotive and preventive approach, targeting pregnant women and mothers with infants and toddlers. Community service was held on Wednesday, December 17, 2025, from 8:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. at the Boegenvil Health Center in Cabawan Village, Tegal City, with 53 participants. The results of this activity showed an increase in the level of knowledge of the participants, from 11 people with a good level of knowledge to 41 people after receiving counseling, with 3 participants still having a low level of knowledge.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women and remains a major public health concern due to late detection and limited awareness of early prevention. Community empowerment through health education plays a crucial role in improving knowledge and early detection practices. This community service activity aimed to enhance women’s knowledge and skills related to breast cancer prevention and early detection through breast self-examination (BSE). The activity employed a participatory educational approach, including health education sessions, demonstrations, and hands-on BSE practice. Participants were women aged 20–60 years from the community. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires and direct observation of BSE practice. The results indicated a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge and ability to correctly perform BSE following the intervention. These findings suggest that structured, community-based education and empowerment programs are effective in increasing awareness and promoting early detection behaviors for breast cancer. Continuous implementation of such programs is recommended to support breast cancer prevention efforts and improve women’s health outcomes.

Clean water quality is an important factor in supporting public health. In Kaliwader Village, Bener District, Purworejo Regency, drilled well water is used as the main source of clean water, however, based on initial testing, discrepancies were still found in several water quality parameters, particularly turbidity. The Community Service Lecture (KPM) activity of the Al-Qur'an Science University (UNSIQ) aims to improve the quality of drilled well water through the implementation of a water filtration system combined with a venturi aerator and providing education to the community about clean water management. The method used is a descriptive method with an observational approach, including water sampling, laboratory testing at the Regional Health Laboratory UPT, and the implementation of a Malang sand-based filtration unit with venturi aeration. The test results showed that the water turbidity level before treatment reached 8 NTU, exceeding the established quality standards. After the implementation of the filtration system and venturi aerator, the physical quality of the water improved, marked by a decrease in turbidity and an increase in water clarity. Chemical and microbiological parameters were generally within safe limits according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2023. This activity demonstrated that the application of simple technology by UNSIQ KPM students can play an effective role in improving the quality of drilled well water and supporting the provision of more adequate clean water for the people of Kaliwader Village.