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Access to mental healthcare, especially psychopharmacological treatment, for people with psychosocial disabilities (ODDP) remains a significant challenge in Indonesia. Discrepancies between regulations and their implementation, coupled with limited availability of psychiatric medications, pose major obstacles. This research analyzes the collaborative efforts of the Mental Health Association (PJS) and its strategic partners in advocating for increased access to medication for ODDP. The research focuses on the stages of advocacy, the roles of each partner, the collaboration process, and the outcomes of these advocacy efforts. Employing a qualitative approach, this research involved in-depth interviews with PJS officials to explore the roles of partner institutions in advocacy. The findings reveal that PJS has systematically engaged in advocacy, collaborating with various strategic partners such as BPJS Watch, WHO Indonesia, and PDSKJI. This collaborative effort has proven effective in identifying issues, formulating solutions, and driving policy changes. However, challenges such as limited resources and the complexity of the issues persist. The research concludes that collaboration among partner institutions is key to improving access to medication, particularly psychiatric medications, for ODDP. Sustained and measurable advocacy is necessary to ensure that ODDP can obtain equitable and accessible quality mental health services.

This study aims to find out and analyze the legal protection for consumers against the circulation of children's syrup drugs that cause acute kidney failure in BPOM Kupang City. This study is an empirical legal research that is analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner using primary data and secondary data obtained from interviews and literature studies. The results of this study show (1) legal protection for consumers over the circulation of children's syrup drugs, which causes acute kidney failure which is known that consumer protection in Indonesia currently according to researchers is still not running well. (2) the responsibility of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency in providing protection for children's syrup drugs that cause acute kidney failure which is known to indicate that BPOM's task of supervising drugs is not effective because there are still many cases of dangerous circulation of children's syrup drugs.

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a significant public health issue, particularly in areas with suboptimal environmental conditions. Community Health Centers (Puskesmas), as the primary healthcare providers, play a crucial role in managing ARI cases. This study aims to analyze the prescribing patterns of medications for ARI patients at Pekanbaru Community Health Center to evaluate whether the prescribed treatments adhere to existing guidelines and to provide recommendations. The sample for this study comprises ARI patients who sought treatment at Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024. Secondary data from the monthly report of Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024 was used as the research instrument. The collected data was analyzed by calculating the percentage of medication usage. Based on the findings from Pekanbaru Community Health Centers, the following conclusions were drawn: Most patients consuming ARI medications were female, with 80 respondents, compared to 70 males. The age group with the highest number of ARI medication consumers was [missing data]. Paracetamol 500mg was the most commonly prescribed medication at the health center."

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg in two measurements with an interval of five minutes in a state of sufficient rest/calm. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive drug combination therapy in BPJS inpatient hypertension patients at Prambanan Regional Hospital, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted non-experimentally using a descriptive research design of retrospective health phenomena based on a hospital perspective. The data used is secondary data (in the form of medical record data, financial data) and the research design used is cross-sectional. Inclusion criteria are hypertensive patients ≥18 years old with a primary diagnosis of stage II hypertension with or without comorbidities with BPJS payment. Cost effectiveness was carried out using the ACER and ICER methods. The results of the study showed that the most effective combination of antihypertensives was a combination of ACEI with diuretics. The direct medical costs for the combination of CCB and ACEI are IDR 1,229,906. The use of a combination of ACEI with diuretics is the most cost-effective with an ACER value of IDR. 14,313 and an ICER value of  IDR. 10,070.

Good logistics management of medicines is one of the factors so that medicines can be managed well. The pharmacy unit of the Kolaka District Health Service has problems with inadequate storage or storage of medicines and delays in the arrival of medicines. The aim of this research is to determine the Analysis of Drug Logistics Management at the Kolaka District Health Service. The research uses qualitative methods through in-depth interviews, observations and observation guides. The results of the research show that at the drug planning stage using the consumption method, drug procurement using an e-catalog system, drug storage is still not good because the warehouse is not large enough for drug storage. Suggestions for the Kolaka District Health Service.

Drinks made from natural ingredients, especially those from family plants, have health benefits for improving the immune system in the body. Processing of family medicinal plants (TOGA) has different benefits such as turmeric, ginger, galangal, lemongrass, lime and honey. When combined, herbal plants provide more comprehensive health benefits compared to consuming one type of herbal alone. It is hoped that the combination can provide healing benefits for various diseases by processing it into herbal drinks such as infused water. Infusion is a liquid preparation made by extracting vegetable simplicia such as ginger, turmeric, galangal, lemongrass, honey and lime with water at a temperature of 90˚C for 15 minutes while stirring occasionally. Socialization regarding the use of infused water needs to be carried out among the public, such as teenagers at high school level. With the existence of the KKN program "Save the Country through Education" at Abdurrab University in 2024, it is necessary to socialize the manufacture of infused water to students at the Pekanbaru Taruna Vocational School on Jalan Rajawali Sakti Keluran Delima, Tuah Madani District, Pekanbaru City, Riau. This outreach is very important and must be carried out because of the many benefits of a combination of herbal plants for a naturally healthy young generation. The aim of this socialization activity is to find out the benefits of consuming infusion water for body health to increase body endurance.

Community Service Program (KKN) are one of the mandatory programs that must be carried out by students. This TOGA knowledge increasing activity is a form of the Community Service Program (KKN) work program which aims to increase the knowledge and skills of SMAN 2 Dumai students in cultivating family medicinal plants (TOGA). TOGA can be used to treat various diseases such as fever, fever, cough, stomach ache and itching. Usually the medicinal plants chosen are plants for first aid for minor illnesses such as fever and cough. Through training activities and TOGA planting practices on empty school land, students, especially PMR members, are actively involved in the cultivation process. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' awareness of the benefits of TOGA and their ability to identify and care for various types of medicinal plants. Apart from that, the presence of TOGA in the school environment also contributes to creating a healthier and more beautiful learning environment.

Community Service Program (KKN) are one of the mandatory programs that must be carried out by students. This TOGA knowledge increasing activity is a form of the Community Service Program (KKN) work program which aims to increase the knowledge and skills of SMAN 2 Dumai students in cultivating family medicinal plants (TOGA). TOGA can be used to treat various diseases such as fever, fever, cough, stomach ache and itching. Usually the medicinal plants chosen are plants for first aid for minor illnesses such as fever and cough. Through training activities and TOGA planting practices on empty school land, students, especially PMR members, are actively involved in the cultivation process. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' awareness of the benefits of TOGA and their ability to identify and care for various types of medicinal plants. Apart from that, the presence of TOGA in the school environment also contributes to creating a healthier and more beautiful learning environment.

The use of Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA) as a form of approach in stunting prevention has become the main focus of the community service program in Curug Village, Mekar Agung Village. This program intends to increase public knowledge and skills in utilizing TOGA in preventing and reducing the prevalence of stunting in toddlers. The approach used is educational, through socialization and training to mothers at posyandu. The results of this activity have an impact on increasing public awareness and understanding of the importance of balanced nutrition and the role of TOGA in supporting children's health. In addition, this program has also succeeded in building a community that cares more about health issues, especially in efforts to prevent stunting. The implementation of this program involves cooperation between midwives, posyandu cadres, and students, who directly assist the community in implementing TOGA as part of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, this activity is expected to be a model and applied in other regions to reduce stunting rates and improve the quality of public health.

The Community Partnership Program (PKM) activity partners are people who are not economically productive (general/ordinary people) Farming Women's Group « Subur Makmur » located in Siododadi Village, Masaran District, Sragen Regency. The problems faced are low agricultural production due to a lack of fertilizer due to the scarcity and high price of chemical fertilizers and due to attacks by plant pests and diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to empower women farmers to overcome these problems, namely by carrying out micro-scale mitigation (prevention) in their farming businesses. The objectives of this community partnership program (PKM) are: 1) improving the skills, knowledge and attitudes of partners in managing farming businesses, 2) motivating partners to always be creative and innovative in managing farming businesses, 3) encouraging partners to improve and maintain their farming businesses by utilizing environmentally friendly local resources and 4) for universities as a form of implementing MBKM based on the second and third Main Performance Indicators (IKU), namely students and lecturers active outside campus. The methods that will be used to achieve this goal are outreach to community leaders and partners, providing knowledge and skills through lectures, field practice, discussions, and assistance in making liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and vegetable pesticides as well as planting family medicinal plants (Toga) in pot. The output targets of this community partnership program are: 1) Women farmer groups (KWT) as partners can become pioneers in managing environmentally friendly farming businesses, 2) be able to make their own POC and vegetable pesticides, 3) have skills and knowledge in mitigating the business farming, and 4) publication through national journals with ISSN in the Adi Widya Journal with ISSN 2598-2273 (print media) and ISSN 2598-2281 (online media) which have been indexed by Sinta and online mass media and Yuotube

The pattern of food and medicine consumption among children is a crucial thing that is important for parents and teachers to pay attention to at school. It is very important to provide guidance and reinforcement regarding hygiene, sanitation or food safety to food makers, including parents and the implementation team or school canteen organizers. Based on the results of initial observations, it was found that the food presentation met standards, but there were still teachers who did not understand how to use cooking utensils correctly. The aim of this service is to increase teachers' knowledge in terms of providing nutritious and safe food and the use of medicines that are commonly given in the school environment. The method used in this service is providing material in the form of counseling. The results of the service showed that there was an increase in the knowledge of service participants after being given counseling material in the form of providing food and medicine in a safe and hygienic manner.

Background: Drug storage regulates drugs received to be safe and free from physical or chemical damage, and their quality is guaranteed, per the established requirements. Improper drug storage in health centers can cause drug damage. Damaged drugs can hurt patients and health services themselves.Objective: To determine the suitability of drug storage facilities at the Puskesmas Gondomanan Kota Yogyakarta.Method: The research method used is descriptive non-experimental with a cross-sectional approach. The data needed in this study are observation data. Findings: The study results at Puskesmas Gondomanan Kota Yogyakarta showed that the drug storage facilities were 100% suitable. Conclusion: The suitability of drug storage facilities at the Puskesmas Gondomanan Kota Yogyakarta is by standards based on Permenkes RI Nomor 74 Tahun 2016 and Petunjuk Teknis Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasiaan di Puskesmas Tahun 2019.

Patient satisfaction with pharmacy services is a crucial indicator in assessing the quality of healthcare services provided. Patient satisfaction is influenced by the comparison between perceived performance and expectations. If service performance exceeds expectations, patients will be highly satisfied. This study aims to measure the level of patient satisfaction with the quality of drug services at Rio Pharmacy. This descriptive study uses primary data obtained through questionnaires completed by respondents. The results show that all five dimensions of service quality received positive ratings. The Responsiveness dimension has the most significant influence with a score of 56, followed by Reliability, Assurance, and Empathy, each with a score of 52, and Tangible with a score of 47. Overall, patients are satisfied with the quality of drug services at Rio Pharmacy.

The Community Service Program, which is being carried out by KKN students from the National Development University "Veteran" East Java, aims to provide knowledge and practical skills to the community, particularly PKK mothers RW 03 Babatan Jati Village, Sidoarjo, in processing traditional medicinal plants, ginger, into high-value products, namely gummy candy. This session included a firsthand demonstration of the gummy candy-making process, with ginger extract as the key ingredient. The outcomes of this exercise demonstrated that the participants were quite enthusiastic, as seen by their active engagement in discussions and activities. The finished product was gummy candy with a unique ginger scent and a chewy texture, which is expected to generate new economic prospects in the local community. This initiative is also designed to increase community welfare and develop relationships between students and the local population.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a persistent metabolic dysfunction marked by elevated blood glucose levels attributable to insulin resistance. Geriatrics pertains specifically to individuals aged 60 years and older. Managing diabetes mellitus necessitates intricate therapeutic interventions, often comprising single or combined pharmacological agents aimed at achieving euglycemia. The concurrent administration of multiple medications, termed polypharmacy, amplifies the likelihood of pharmacological interactions. This investigation endeavors to delineate potential drug interactions observed in geriatric inpatients afflicted with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital in Surakarta throughout the calendar year 2023. The study adopted a descriptive observational design employing a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was conducted retrospectively through purposive sampling based on the medical records of geriatric patients at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital in Surakarta. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged 60 years and older diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had been hospitalized. Exclusion criteria included incomplete or illegible medical records, patients diagnosed with anemia and hemoglobinopathies, and those who expired during treatment. The findings revealed that out of 100 patients, 96 experienced drug interactions. Most patients (47.00%) were aged between 66 and 74 years. Females constituted a larger proportion (51.00%) of the patient cohort. Among hospitalized patients, 83 (83.00%) were admitted for 2-6 days. A total of 70 patients (70.00%) were prescribed between 4 and 13 medications. The predominant severity level of drug interactions was moderate, comprising 1,017 cases (74.60%). Pharmacodynamic mechanisms accounted for most drug interactions observed, totaling 1,054 cases (77.30%).  

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that always increases every year. Hypertension is known as a silent killer because patients who suffer from hypertension rarely feel the symptoms. Common symptoms of hypertension can be headaches in the back of the neck, blurred vision, and others. The blood pressure of hypertension sufferers is above 140/90 mmHg. This study aims to see the pattern of prescribing antihypertensive drugs in BPJS Kesehatan patients including gender, age, patient diagnosis, and combination of antihypertensive drug classes. The method used is descriptive observational research. This study was conducted using 195 prescriptions in the period November 2023. The results obtained were that hypertension sufferers were more dominated by women with a total of 131 sufferers with a percentage of 67% compared to men with a total of 64 sufferers with a percentage of 33%. The age most affected by hypertension is people aged 51 years - 75 years with a total of 143 people and a percentage of 73.33%. 92 of 195 (47.18%) patients did not have other diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, heart, GI, and asthma. Single therapy of antihypertensive drugs was most commonly prescribed by doctors with a total of 127 patients with a presentation of 65.13% compared to patients who used combination therapy of two or more antihypertensive drugs. Calcium antagonist or CCB drugs were most commonly used by BPJS patients at several pharmacies in the Bandung area used in the prescription analysis with a total of 107 patients with a percentage of 54.87%.

Drug interaction is a change in the effect of a drug due to the presence of other drugs taken simultaneously, which will cause a decrease in the therapeutic effect of the drug and toxicity in the body can increase. Changes in drug effects due to drug interactions vary greatly between individuals because they are influenced by various factors such as dose, drug levels in the blood, route of drug administration, drug metabolism, duration of therapy and patient characteristics. The potential for drug interactions can occur, one of which is in patients who take a large number of drugs simultaneously or Polypharmacy. Therefore, this study is related to the problem of drug interactions that occur due to Polypharmacy Prescriptions from internal medicine specialists at One of the Pharmacies in Bandung City which really needs to be considered, especially by a pharmacist. The results can be concluded that there are 22 drug interactions originating from 69 prescriptions with details of 10 minor interactions, 11 moderate interactions, and 1 major interaction. This shows that of the 69 prescriptions that have been studied, only 31.88% have interactions with minor, moderate, and major categories.

Caries is caused by microbial activity of a fermented carbohydrate. The results of Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) state that the largest proportion of dental problems in Indonesia are damaged/cavities/sick teeth (45.3%). Preventive efforts gargling mouthwash contains antibacterial, long-term use has side effects, so we need herbal ingredients that have antibacterial properties, one of which is celery leaves. This study aims to prove the potential of celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) as a mouthwash ingredient in inhibiting the growth of caries-causing bacteria and being able to reduce the number of bacterial colonies compared to formulary controls without active ingredients. This type of research used laboratory and field experiments with pretest-posttest consisting of the intervention group of celery leaf extract mouthwash formulation concentrations of 30%, 15% and control formulary without active ingredients, the sample consisted of 39 people, the sample was rinsed for 1 minute. Saliva collection before and after gargling. The variables studied the inhibition of bacteria. The results of the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans bacteria carried out by the ANOVA test at a concentration of 15% showed a mean of 5 mm and a concentration of 30% with a mean of 6.2 mm with a p-value of 0.000 which means that there was a significant difference in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans bacteria, while the control had a mean of 0. 0 mm which means there is no resistance formed. The conclusion of this study is that giving celery leaf extract mouthwash Calculate the inhibition zone with a concentration of 15%, 30% being able to inhibit bacteria while the control has no inhibition on Streptococcus mutans bacteria.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health threat, and around 90% of all patients suffering from DM throughout the world are type 2 DM. Non-compliance related to Diabetes Mellitus is something that is a problem that should be avoided. This study aims to determine the level of patient compliance with the use of antidiabetic drugs at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center, and to determine the relationship between the level of compliance of Diabetes Mellitus patients with blood glucose levels (fasting and while) at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center. This research is a type of analytical observational research with a research design. cross-sectional. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 23 software. The results showed that the majority of respondents fell into the "compliant" category, 20 respondents (62.5%) compared to "non-compliant" 12 respondents (37.5%). In addition, when checking blood glucose levels it was found that 62.5% of "compliant" patients had controlled fasting blood glucose levels, while only 28.1% of "compliant" patients had uncontrolled fasting blood glucose levels. Regarding the relationship between the level of absolute compliance with fasting blood glucose levels (P= 0.005), the results of compliance with glucose levels when controlled were (0.003). Keywords: diabetes mellitus, patient compliance, blood glucose levels.    

Plandi village is located in Wonosari sub-district, Malang district, East Java, in a mountainous area far from Malang city. In an effort to improve the welfare of the community, a PKK organisation was formed in Plandi Village which aims to empower women through positive activities such as social activities and economic development. Based on observations, the activities of PKK mothers in Plandi Village are still not optimal because there are no activities that can increase family income. Through the student service programme, a solution is proposed in the form of utilising family medicinal plants (TOGA) into powdered instant seasoning products that have high selling value. The implementation of the programme includes socialisation, entrepreneurship assistance and demonstration of product making. In addition to producing ‘ibuk plandi’ products, the results of implementing this programme are an increase in the knowledge and skills of PKK mothers in processing TOGA and ecopreneur.