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Multatuli Area 4 is highly susceptible to flooding due to its close location to the Deli River and inadequate environmental management, which exacerbate the risk during the rainy season. Despite this vulnerability, community preparedness remains limited, leaving residents exposed to potential damage and loss. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews and direct observations with purposively selected informants who have knowledge of local flooding experiences. The findings reveal that while residents are generally able to recognize early signs of flooding, their responses are largely reactive rather than proactive. Several factors contribute to this low level of preparedness, including limited perception of risk, insufficient economic capacity to implement preventive measures, declining social cohesion and cooperation, and underutilization of available mitigation facilities and infrastructure. These conditions highlight the need for improved community awareness, better access to resources, and strengthened disaster management strategies to enhance flood preparedness in Multatuli Area 4.

The development of social media has encouraged students to be more active in interacting, sharing information, and establishing relationships online. However, the high intensity of social media use also increases the risk of personal data leakage. This literature study aims to examine the relationship between privacy awareness and students' safe behavior in social media use. The research was conducted by examining various sources, including scientific journals, articles, research reports, books, and online references relevant to digital security issues. The results of the study show that privacy awareness has a significant role in shaping students' safe behavior. This awareness is reflected through the practice of using strong passwords, the implementation of two-factor authentication, and prudence in sharing personal information in the digital space. Although knowledge about digital threats is quite adequate, students' safe behavior is still influenced by the level of internalization of privacy awareness. Therefore, increasing privacy awareness requires not only information, but also educational strategies that emphasize the formation of consistent digital attitudes and habits. This study makes an important contribution to understanding the relationship between privacy awareness and safe behavior, as well as being the basis for the development of more effective digital literacy programs among students.

The digital era presents challenges as well as opportunities for business actors, especially Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Accelerating the adoption of digital technology-based payment systems is an urgent need so that MSMEs are able to compete and improve transaction efficiency. This Community Service (PKM) activity was carried out in Cendoro Village, Tuban Regency, with the aim of providing assistance to MSME actors through the implementation of a QRIS-based digital payment system. The method of implementing PKM consists of three stages, namely preparation, implementation, and evaluation. In the preparation stage, needs are identified and socialization of QRIS benefits are carried out. The implementation stage includes technical training on the use of QRIS as well as direct assistance in the implementation of non-cash transactions. The evaluation stage was carried out to measure the level of understanding and application of QRIS by participants. The results of the activity showed that participants understood the concept of digital payment and were able to apply QRIS in daily transactions. In addition, this activity encourages an increase in the adoption of QRIS which has an impact on efficiency, transaction security, expansion of market access, and local economic growth. The main obstacles faced include limited technological knowledge, uneven internet access, and operational costs. Thus, this PKM contributes to strengthening digital literacy and supporting technology-based economic transformation in Cendoro Village, Tuban Regency.

Differences in students’ levels of learning interest are often associated with their understanding of religious values, one of which is the understanding of hadiths concerning the virtues of knowledge. Hadiths emphasizing the virtues of knowledge are believed to stimulate interest in the learning process. This study aims to examine the influence of students’ understanding of hadiths on the virtues of knowledge on their learning interest at STDI Imam Syafi’i Jember. This research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. A total of 130 students were selected as respondents using simple random sampling. The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability, yielding Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.838 for the variable of understanding the hadiths on the virtues of knowledge and 0.884 for the learning interest variable. The normality test using Shapiro–Wilk produced a value of 0.097, indicating that the data were normally distributed, while the heteroscedasticity test showed a significance value of 0.968, confirming that the regression model was appropriate for use. The regression analysis revealed a significance value of p = 0.001 and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.362. This indicates that understanding the hadiths on the virtues of knowledge has a positive influence of 36.2% on students’ learning interest, while the remaining 63.8% is influenced by other factors. These findings affirm that understanding the values contained in hadiths on the virtues of knowledge plays an important role in enhancing students’ learning interest.

This study aims to identify factors associated with fast food consumption behavior among adolescents based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) through a literature review. A descriptive literature review was conducted using nine peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2025, retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that adolescent fast food consumption behavior is influenced by two main components of SCT, namely personal factors and environmental factors. Personal factors were predominantly examined through the knowledge variable, which showed inconsistent associations with fast food consumption, while other personal variables, although mostly related, lacked consistent empirical support across studies. In contrast, environmental factors demonstrated more consistent associations, particularly peer influence, mass media exposure, parental influence, and pocket money, which were repeatedly identified as significant determinants of fast food consumption among adolescents. In conclusion, adolescent fast food consumption behavior is more strongly influenced by environmental factors than by personal factors, highlighting the importance of multi-level interventions that address social and environmental contexts in shaping healthy eating behaviors among adolescents.

Food safety is a crucial aspect of public health, particularly for elementary school children who frequently consume street food or snacks sold within school environments. Food handlers play a key role in determining the level of hygiene and sanitation of the food served. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with food handlers’ hygiene behavior in elementary school canteens in Telanaipura District, Jambi City. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach involving 41 food handlers as respondents. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires and direct observations based on hygiene and food sanitation standards in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 1096/Menkes/PER/VI/2011. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most food handlers exhibited poor hygiene behavior (61.0%). There were significant relationships between knowledge (p = 0.048), attitude (p = 0.000), and availability of facilities and infrastructure (p = 0.000) with hygiene behavior, while education level showed no significant association (p = 0.187). It can be concluded that improving hygiene behavior requires continuous training, supervision, and provision of adequate sanitation facilities to support food safety in school environments.

Compliance in paying contributions is an important factor in ensuring the sustainability of the National Health Insurance (JKN) program, especially in the Non-Wage Workers (PBPU) segment who make payments independently. However, the level of compliance of PBPU participants in Jakarta City is still low, as indicated by the high rate of contribution arrears and the large number of deactivated memberships. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence compliance in paying National Health Insurance (JKN) contributions in the Non-Wage Workers (PBPU) segment in Jakarta City in 2025. The research design used was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach, involving 180 respondents. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test showed that there was a significant relationship between perception and compliance (p = 0.002), income with compliance (p = 0.046), and motivation with compliance (p = 0.000). However, there was no significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.291) and sanctions (p = 0.103) on compliance in paying contributions. These findings indicate that psychological and economic aspects have a strong influence on driving compliance with JKN premiums. Therefore, efforts to improve compliance need to focus on enhancing positive perceptions, internal motivation, and sustainable income for participants. Perception is the most dominant factor influencing compliance among PBPU participants. Strategies to increase education and improve services are needed to boost compliance and ensure the sustainability of the JKN program.

The phenomenon of pseudoexpertise on social media, namely the tendency to feel knowledgeable without adequate scientific grounding due to exposure to unrestricted information, has become a serious challenge for Islamic religious education. This study employs a phenomenological method through in-depth interviews with two Master's students of Islamic Education (PAI) at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, who come from different social backgrounds teaching at Islamic boarding schools in rural Bogor and urban South Jakarta to obtain diverse perspectives on how social context influences the emergence of pseudoexpertise. The selection of master's-level informants is based on their academic qualifications and teaching experience, which are considered capable of providing representative insights. Secondary sources include scientific articles and relevant literature. The findings indicate that globalization and pseudoexpertise constitute obstacles that are difficult for religious teachers to control, as students acquire much of their religious knowledge from outside the school without verification. Therefore, contextual Islamic Education (PAI) learning and teachers who serve as knowledge validators through healthy communication are required, enabling students to filter information and develop more mature religious literacy.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that requires comprehensive management, including insulin therapy; therefore, the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students as future physicians play an important role in therapeutic success. This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tarumanagara, Class of 2022, regarding insulin administration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study employed a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach involving 93 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to insulin administration and analyzed descriptively. The respondents had a mean age of 21.08 years (median 21; range 20–26 years) and were predominantly female (69 respondents; 75.5%). The results showed a mean knowledge score of 8.5 ± 1.47, with 56.1% of respondents categorized as having good knowledge. Attitudes toward insulin administration had a mean score of 7.67 ± 1.25, with 56.1% classified as good, while insulin administration practices were categorized as very good, with a mean score of 9.99 ± 0.74 and 95.7% of respondents in the good category. This study indicates that medical students of Universitas Tarumanagara Class of 2022 possess good levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding insulin administration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Strengthening the family economy through the development of productive household-based businesses is an important strategy in supporting sustainable rural community development. This approach is considered effective because it utilizes the potential of local resources and involves the active role of family members, especially housewives, in economic activities. One form of business that is relatively easy to implement is the production of hygienic laundry soap, considering the simple manufacturing process, affordable production costs, and has a relatively stable level of market need and demand. These conditions make this business an opportunity to be developed as a productive household economic activity. This study aims to analyze the implementation of home-based hygienic laundry soap production training and examine its impact on improving the skills and economic independence of housewives in Jambur Village, Padang Matinggi . The focus of the study is directed at the training process, the level of understanding of participants, and changes in attitudes and economic capabilities after participating in the activity. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, which allows researchers to obtain an in-depth picture of the program implementation and participants' experiences. Data collection techniques are carried out through direct observation, interviews with participants and related parties, and documentation of activities to support research data. The research results show that the training on making hygienic laundry soap had a positive impact on improving the knowledge and skills of housewives in producing safe, hygienic, and marketable soap. Participants not only understood the production stages but also learned how to make soap independently. Furthermore, the training fostered entrepreneurial motivation and awareness of home-based business opportunities, thereby opening up opportunities to increase family income. Therefore, this training program significantly contributes to women's empowerment and strengthening family economies at the village level through the development of productive, home-based businesses.

Education plays a vital role in shaping character and developing individual potential, with the ability to collaborate being crucial in this global era. This study focuses on the low level of student collaboration and suboptimal Aqidah Akhlak learning outcomes at MA Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo, caused by a lack of innovative learning methods. Therefore, this study aims to examine the application of the Project-Based Learning method as a solution to improve student collaboration and learning outcomes. This study aims to: (1) describe the application of the Project-Based Learning method in teaching Aqidah Akhlak in class XI of MA Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo, (2) determine the impact of the Project-Based Learning method on student collaboration and learning outcomes, and (3) determine student perceptions of the application of the Project-Based Learning method in teaching Aqidah Akhlak. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data were collected through observation, interviews (with the principal, vice principal for curriculum, Aqidah Akhlak teacher, and class XI students), and documentation. The data analysis technique used was the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: (1) the implementation of the Project Based Learning method is carried out through structured steps, encouraging active cooperation between teachers and students, with an emphasis on equal roles and responsibilities of each, (2) the Project Based Learning method has a positive impact on increasing collaboration, educational outcomes, and the development of students’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills as a whole, with changes in behavior that are seen in depth, (3) students have a positive view of the Project Based Learning method because it is considered more interesting, interactive, meaningful, and relevant to everyday life, which can be seen from increased motivation and active participation.

This study examines community capacity building for flood mitigation in flood-prone regions of Central Kalimantan through disaster education, technical training, and the construction of an amphibious house prototype. Using a community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) framework, the program integrates participatory training, field surveys, and adaptive structural innovation. Findings indicate a 40% increase in community knowledge based on  Community Empowerment Level Analysis results, active engagement of 35 participants in disaster education, and significant improvement in technical skills among 22 trainees involved in amphibious foundation construction. The prototype achieved 100% completion within four effective working days, demonstrating the feasibility of amphibious technology using locally available materials. Strengthening youth organization structures further enhances community readiness and institutional resilience. Overall, the integration of participatory learning and adaptive technology effectively builds community self-efficacy and disaster preparedness in flood-prone environments.

The traditional homes of indigenous communities in Indonesia are highly vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, due to Indonesia's location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, which experiences high seismic activity. This situation demands the strengthening of traditional buildings to withstand potential earthquakes. Stilt houses, as a form of traditional architecture, possess characteristics that actually support earthquake resilience, such as flexible structures, the use of lightweight materials, and the application of local wisdom passed down through generations. With the development of modern construction techniques, stilt houses have the potential to become safer and more adaptable dwellings to earthquake shocks. However, indigenous communities, particularly those living in earthquake-prone areas and with lower levels of education, often face limited knowledge and skills related to the basic principles of earthquake-resistant construction. This lack of understanding results in traditional house construction without considering structural safety aspects, ultimately increasing the risk of serious damage and even collapse during an earthquake. These impacts not only threaten life but also cause significant material losses. This community service activity aims to improve the preparedness and resilience of the Sentani Indigenous community by developing earthquake-resistant stilt house models, increasing knowledge and skills in earthquake-safe house construction and maintenance, and encouraging the use of innovative technology and materials. The expected outcomes are the creation of model houses that can serve as examples and the dissemination of information on earthquake-resistant construction technology.

This study aims to analyze the role of UINSU’s Community Service Program (KKN) students in enhancing Islamic entrepreneurial awareness among the residents of Pahang Village, Talawi District, Batu Bara Regency. The KKN program serves as a platform for applying academic knowledge while empowering communities through educational, persuasive, and participatory approaches. The students introduced fundamental concepts of Islamic entrepreneurship, including principles of justice, honesty, sustainability, and the avoidance of riba, gharar, and maisir. Through a series of activities such as seminars, micro-business training sessions, financial management mentoring based on sharia principles, and simple business model simulations, the villagers began to show improved understanding of Islamic economic values. Moreover, the active involvement of students created an inclusive learning environment that was accessible to various community groups. The findings indicate that the presence of KKN students contributed positively to cultivating entrepreneurial motivation, particularly among youth and micro-business actors. This improvement was reflected in changes in mindset, interest in initiating halal businesses, and increased awareness of applying sharia principles in daily economic activities. Thus, the KKN program not only provides practical experience for students but also offers a tangible contribution to strengthening sharia-based economic empowerment at the village level.

Long-acting contraceptive methods (LACMs/MKJP) are effective family planning options for controlling fertility and improving maternal health. However, the utilization of LACMs among women of reproductive age remains relatively low, which may be influenced by their level of knowledge. This study aimed to examine the relationship between women’s knowledge levels and the utilization of long-acting contraceptive methods in the working area of UPT Puskesmas Basarang. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 58 women of reproductive age selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess knowledge levels and contraceptive use, and analyzed using the Kendall’s tau-b correlation test. The results showed that more than half of respondents had good knowledge of LACMs, yet only 39.7% reported using these methods. Bivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between knowledge level and LACM utilization (p = 0.012). The study concludes that knowledge is significantly associated with the use of long-acting contraceptive methods, although other factors may also influence decision-making. Strengthening education and counseling interventions is essential to improve informed contraceptive choices and increase the utilization of long-acting contraceptive methods.

The evaluation of Indonesian language instruction at the junior secondary level remains predominantly oriented toward lower-order thinking skills, thereby constraining the advancement of students’Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This situation necessitates the development of comprehensive assessment tools that are coherently aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum. The present study introduces a model for constructing HOTS-oriented assessment instruments targeting procedural text writing in Phase D. The development process was systematically organized through several stages: translating learning outcomes into measurable indicators, preparing assessment blueprints, creating item cards, formulating scoring rubrics for attitudes, knowledge, and skills, and finally analyzing and interpreting the assessment data. These instruments were specifically designed to capture students’ analytical, evaluative, and creative abilities in producing procedural texts that are logical, coherent, and effective. Findings demonstrate that the instruments provide an objective and holistic representation of students’ competency attainment. In summary, the proposed HOTS-based assessment model for procedural text writing is practical, methodical, and contextually relevant, serving as a valuable framework for evaluating Indonesian language learning in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum principles.

This study aims to examine the influence of tax awareness, tax knowledge, and tax morale on the level of individual taxpayer compliance. Income tax plays a strategic role as the primary source of financing for government expenditures in supporting national development. However, the level of taxpayer compliance in submitting Annual Tax Returns (SPT) continues to show a downward trend over time. This condition indicates a problem with compliance behavior influenced by various internal factors within taxpayers. Therefore, government efforts are needed to increase tax awareness, expand tax knowledge, and strengthen tax morale among the public. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a random sampling technique. The research sample consisted of 30 individual taxpayers registered at the Kediri Pratama Tax Service Office (KPP Pratama). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS software. The results show that tax awareness, tax knowledge, and tax morale have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance, both partially and simultaneously.

Anemia among adolescent girls is one of the health problems that is often overlooked, even though it has serious impacts on learning concentration, productivity, and reproductive health in the future. One of the main causes of anemia is iron deficiency and an unbalanced diet. This community service activity aims to increase adolescent girls’ knowledge about anemia prevention through health promotion using poster media with the approach of “Smart Nutrition for Iron Health.” The activity was carried out at Pesantren Al-Mubarak 12 November 2025, targeting 34 adolescent girls. The method included planning, preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages, with pre-test and post-test conducted to assess participants’ knowledge levels. The results showed a significant increase in adolescents’ knowledge regarding anemia prevention. Before the activity, 55% of respondents had poor knowledge, 35% moderate, and only 10% good. After the intervention, 75% of respondents had good knowledge and 25% moderate, with no respondents in the poor category. These results indicate that poster media is effective in increasing adolescents’ understanding of anemia and the importance of consuming a balanced diet rich in iron as an effort to prevent anemia among adolescent girls.

In general, school students buy snacks in the school canteen or street vendors (PKL) around the school. 2 The types of food sold are varied, ranging from healthy snacks to unhealthy snacks so that they can attract students to consume school snacks. Healthy snacks are foods that have sufficient and balanced nutrition and do not contain (contaminated) elements that can harm or damage health. This community service activity aims to educate healthy eating patterns to prevent food and drinks containing microbial contamination at Mariana Catholic High School, Medan. The method used is an educational approach through health counseling, interactive discussions, and demonstrations of hygienic practices, especially correct handwashing techniques and the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and the school environment. This activity was attended by 40 students as participants. The evaluation of the activity focused on one main indicator, namely student participation in hygienic behavior practices as a form of direct application of the material that has been given. The results of the activity showed that all participants (100%) followed the demonstrated hygienic practices, which indicates a very high level of participation and enthusiasm. These findings indicate that educational methods accompanied by hands-on practice are effective in increasing understanding and encouraging the adoption of clean and healthy living behaviors. Community service activities at Mariana Catholic High School in Medan have been shown to increase students' knowledge about the dangers of microbial contamination and the development of hygienic behaviors in daily life. Structured and ongoing education is an effective preventive measure to create a healthy and clean school environment.

BPJS Health has incurred losses exceeding 200 billion rupiah over a two-year period due to the payment of contributions that were discontinued by participants who had utilized maternity services. Data show that 64.7% of mothers registered as BPJS Health participants only one month prior to childbirth, after which 43% either withdrew their membership or failed to continue paying contributions following delivery. The highest proportion of this behavior was observed among independent participants or non-wage recipients (PBPU). In Jambi Province, the highest level of contribution non-compliance occurs in Jambi City. In 2023, there were 77,489 participants with contribution arrears, resulting in financial losses amounting to 60.1 billion rupiah. Contribution non-compliance is influenced by various factors. This study aims to analyze the factors contributing to non-compliance among independent participants in paying BPJS Health contributions after utilizing childbirth services in Jambi City. The findings revealed that 33.3% of independent participants were non-compliant in paying BPJS Health contributions after using maternity services. Significant associations were found between contribution non-compliance and the number of family members (p = 0.001), level of knowledge (p = 0.000), illness perception (p = 0.001), clinical assessment (p = 0.000), and willingness to pay (WTP). Based on these findings, it is recommended that BPJS Health consider implementing a waiting period policy for participants intending to utilize maternity services. In addition, the Jambi City Government should strengthen promotive efforts to educate the public and raise awareness of the importance of health insurance in safeguarding household financial security.