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This research aims to examine the implementation of group guidance services in developing a positive self-concept among students who actively use social media. The rapid development of digital technology has positioned social media as a space for self-expression, yet uncontrolled use often leads to negative social comparisons that distort adolescents' self-perception. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through deep interviews, observations, and documentation involving students at IAKN Toraja. The findings indicate that group guidance services, conducted through the stages of formation, transition, core activity, and termination, significantly contribute to the formation of a positive self-concept. There is a notable improvement in students' self-confidence, self-acceptance, and self-control regarding social media usage. The group dynamics provide a supportive social laboratory for students to share experiences and receive constructive feedback, allowing them to reconstruct a more realistic and healthy self-image. The implication of this study suggests that group guidance can be an effective intervention for school counselors to mitigate the negative psychological impacts of digital interaction and foster digital literacy among students.  

The history of the growth and development of schools of thought is an important part of comparative fiqh studies because it describes the dynamics of Islamic legal thought from the time of the companions to the period of codification of schools of thought. This study is motivated by the importance of understanding the historical process of the birth of schools of fiqh as an effort to place differences of opinion in a proportional and scientific manner. This study aims to analyze the growth and development of schools of thought in Islamic law and the factors that influence them. The method used is library research by examining various classical and contemporary literature relevant to the study theme. The results of the study show that major schools of thought such as Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali developed through a process of ijtihad influenced by social, cultural, political conditions, and differences in the methodology of istinbāṭ law. This development does not indicate division, but rather enriches the treasury of Islamic law and provides flexibility in responding to the issues of the ummah in various contexts. The implication of this study is the importance of historical understanding in comparative fiqh studies in order to build a tolerant attitude towards ikhtilaf and strengthen the relevance of Islamic law in facing the dynamics of modern society.

The Megengan tradition is a Javanese ritual performed before the month of Ramadan as a form of spiritual preparation, strengthening social solidarity, and maintaining relationships with ancestors. However, the development of modernization, urbanization, educational advancement, and changes in mindset have caused this tradition to experience a significant shift in meaning. This study aims to describe the changes in function, meaning, and position of Megengan in modern society using Max Weber's modernization theory as an analytical framework. The research method used is a literature study from various journals, cultural documents, and previous research related to the Megengan tradition in various regions of Java. The results show that Megengan has undergone a transformation from a sacred ritual full of cosmological symbols to a more functional and efficient socio-cultural activity. The process of rationalization in modern society has caused the spiritual and symbolic meaning of ritual foods such as apem, ketan, and ingkung to be reduced, while the form of ritual implementation has become more formal and centered on religious institutions. The change in ritual authority from elders to modern religious figures is one indication of the shift from traditional authority to rational-formal authority as explained by Weber.  Despite the simplification of its meaning, Megengan remains a living tradition that serves to strengthen cultural identity, social harmony, and intergenerational relationships. This research confirms that the shift in Megengan does not indicate a weakening of Javanese tradition, but rather a form of cultural adaptation in response to the dynamics of modernity.

The mining sector is widely recognized as a high-risk industry characterized by complex social, environmental, and organizational challenges. In response, sustainability governance in mining has predominantly relied on institutional mechanisms such as regulations, voluntary standards, and sustainability reporting frameworks. However, growing evidence indicates that these approaches often fail to generate substantive sustainability outcomes because they insufficiently address human and organizational dimensions. This literature review aims to synthesize existing research on sustainability governance in the mining sector by shifting the analytical focus from institutional sustainability to human behavioral engagement. Using a systematic and thematic literature review approach, this study analyzes peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus that examine sustainability governance, human behavior, and organizational dynamics in the mining sector. The findings reveal a persistent gap between formal sustainability commitments and actual practices, frequently manifested in symbolic compliance and greenwashing. The review further demonstrates that human behavior—shaped by employee engagement, trust, perceived justice, and organizational culture—plays a decisive role in determining the effectiveness of sustainability governance. Moreover, the literature highlights the limitations of rigid, top-down governance models in managing the complexity and uncertainty inherent in mining systems, emphasizing the relevance of adaptive governance approaches that promote learning, flexibility, and stakeholder participation. This study contributes to the literature by integrating institutional, behavioral, and adaptive governance perspectives into a human-centered framework. Practically, it underscores the strategic role of human resource management in translating sustainability commitments into meaningful behavioral change and long-term sustainability outcomes in the mining sector.

This study aims to analyze the discretion of family planning counselors in implementing contraceptive policies and the influence of acceptors' socio-demographic characteristics in Demak Regency. Using a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, the study included 89 respondents for quantitative analysis and five key informants for in-depth interviews. The results showed a strong positive correlation between counselor discretion and acceptor socio-demographic characteristics (r = 0.646; p < 0.001), which explained 41.7% of the variance in discretionary practices. Counselors adapted communication strategies based on the age, education, geographic location, and culture of acceptors. Policy implementation faced obstacles in the counselor-community ratio (1:23) and the dominance of short-term contraceptive choices due to socio-cultural influences. Theoretical implications enrich the literature on street-level bureaucracy, while practical implications recommend strengthening counselors' capacity, increasing the ideal ratio, and implementing IEC strategies tailored to local culture. Limitations include a single geographic focus and a cross-sectional design. Future research is suggested to use longitudinal designs and multi-regional comparative studies to explore the dynamics of discretion in different socio-cultural contexts.

This in-depth study explores the comprehensive marketing strategies implemented by CV. Logam Jaya Gallery, a leading copper and brass craft business entity in Tumang Village, Boyolali. The research aims to identify the key factors behind the company's resilience in the face of intense industry competition. Using a qualitative approach, operational data was obtained in depth. The results show that the company integrates direct marketing through national and international exhibitions, while optimizing digital channels and e-commerce for broader global market penetration. Despite its success, CV. Logam Jaya Gallery faces significant obstacles such as market demand fluctuations, limitations in manual production technology, and competitive pressures. As a mitigation measure, the company diversifies its products and adopts contemporary technology to efficiently increase its operational capacity. Strategic synergies with the government and the private sector were also strengthened to expand promotional access. This success was also supported by fundamental pillars in the form of cultural heritage and intergenerational craftsmanship. Through a combination of organized management, sustainable design innovation, and adaptation to market dynamics, the company has succeeded in establishing itself as a competitive creative industry player on the national and global stage.

This in-depth study explores the comprehensive marketing strategies implemented by CV. Logam Jaya Gallery, a leading copper and brass craft business entity in Tumang Village, Boyolali. The research aims to identify the key factors behind the company's resilience in the face of intense industry competition. Using a qualitative approach, operational data was obtained in depth. The results show that the company integrates direct marketing through national and international exhibitions, while optimizing digital channels and e-commerce for broader global market penetration. Despite its success, CV. Logam Jaya Gallery faces significant obstacles such as market demand fluctuations, limitations in manual production technology, and competitive pressures. As a mitigation measure, the company diversifies its products and adopts contemporary technology to efficiently increase its operational capacity. Strategic synergies with the government and the private sector were also strengthened to expand promotional access. This success was also supported by fundamental pillars in the form of cultural heritage and intergenerational craftsmanship. Through a combination of organized management, sustainable design innovation, and adaptation to market dynamics, the company has succeeded in establishing itself as a competitive creative industry player on the national and global stage.

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

This study aims to analyze bureaucratic transformation and public service innovation in the dynamics of the administrative capacity of the Dili City government, specifically at the Cristo Rei District Office, in realizing responsive, accountable, and quality public services. The research approach employed a mixed methods approach, collecting quantitative data through questionnaires from 12 respondents and qualitative data through in-depth interviews with four key informants: Fernando Araujo (District Head), Marciana de Jesus Soares (Head of Administration and Finance), Jose Sarmento (Head of Program Planning), and Ernesto Mendonça (Head of Public Relations). Statistical analysis showed that institutional capacity had a very strong influence on public accountability (r = 0.806; p = 0.002), while bureaucratic responsiveness had a very strong influence on the quality of public services (r = 0.727; p = 0.007). The interviews revealed concrete practices of bureaucratic transformation, such as effective internal coordination, orderly administrative procedures, one-stop service, and responsiveness to citizen needs. This study indicates that institutional capacity and bureaucratic responsiveness are the dominant factors in improving service quality, while formal accountability needs to be made more open and participatory. The findings support the Theory of Administrative Capacity and the New Public Service, and offer recommendations to strengthen participatory mechanisms and make performance evaluation more transparent.  

Early Warning Score (EWS) is early detection instrument for predicting severity or worsening of a patient's condition. Therefore, nurses' compliance with the assessment is crucial. The goal is to reduce the incidence of code blues in general care units. Code blue is a procedure code used for conditions where a victim is found to be at risk of cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest. Methods: This study is a quantitative analytical survey, a form of research that examines the effects and risk factors. The study design was cross-sectional, examining the dynamics of correlation between dependent and independent variables. The number of respondents in this study was 150, drawn from a total sampling of the nurse population in general care units. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using a non-parametric Chi-Square test. Results: Respondents, based on their level of compliance with the EWSS monitoring form, were mostly in the compliant category (94%), and most had an impact on the absence of code blues (94%) in the emergency risk group. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nurses' compliance in monitoring the completion of the EWSS and the occurrence of code blue in inpatient rooms (P-Value <0.05).

This study examines the psychological dynamics of teachers as portrayed in the Thai film “The Teacher’s Diary” (2014) using Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of id, ego, and superego, alongside defense mechanisms. The research employs qualitative content analysis, focusing on key scenes that reveal the emotional, moral, and reflective behaviors of the main characters, Song and Ann. Results indicate that both teachers manage internal conflicts and external challenges through rationalization, sublimation, intellectualization, and moral commitment, demonstrating resilience, reflective practice, and ethical awareness. The discussion connects these findings with contemporary theories of effective teaching, emphasizing emotional intelligence, moral purpose, and reflective practice as core competencies for teacher development. The study highlights how cinematic narratives can provide valuable insights into teacher identity, professional growth, and the integration of personal and professional competencies in education.

This study comprehensively analyzes the impact of sectarian conflict on mental health in Kirkuk through an ethnoreligious meta-analysis of 42 studies with a total of N=15,427 participants published between 2003 and 2023. The quantitative synthesis indicates a PTSD prevalence of 47.3% (95% CI: 44.2–50.4) among victims of sectarian conflict, with an uneven distribution across groups, where the Turkmen minority records the highest prevalence at 56.8%, exceeding Arab Sunni at 43.2% and Kurdish at 41.5%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrates that direct exposure to sectarian violence increases the risk of major depression by 3.4 times (OR=3.42, p<.001), anxiety by 2.8 times (OR=2.83, p<.001), and psychosomatic disorders by 2.5 times (OR=2.54, p<.001). Further meta-regression identifies duration of conflict exposure (β=.426, p<.001) and intensity of sectarian violence (β=.389, p<.001) as significant predictors of symptom severity. In contrast to the findings of Cummings et al. (2013) and Eltally (2019), which emphasize the general impact of conflict, this study reveals specific intergenerational trauma patterns within distinct ethnoreligious communities, with the highest transmission observed among families of sectarian massacre victims (d=0.82), while simultaneously highlighting variations in communal resilience across groups as a differential determinant of post-conflict psychosocial dynamics.

This study examines the identity and role of the Catholic Church as civitas Dei through an analysis of Augustine of Hippo’s political philosophy and its relevance to the pastoral response of the Konferensi Waligereja Indonesia (KWI) toward Indonesia’s socio-political dynamics in 2025. The research departs from the problem of how the Church should position itself amid political polarization, violent demonstrations, and violations of human dignity that marked the national context. It aims to (1) explain Augustine’s concept of civitas Dei and civitas terrena, (2) formulate the Church’s identity as a moral-spiritual community oriented toward God, and (3) analyze the relevance of this framework for the Church’s prophetic and pastoral engagement in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach, drawing from Augustine’s De Civitate Dei, Church documents, and the official pastoral statement of KWI, complemented by relevant theological and socio-political sources. The findings show that Augustine’s distinction between the two cities is not merely institutional but based on the orientation of love: love of God that generates justice and service, versus self-love that leads to domination and injustice. Within this framework, the Church in Indonesia actualizes civitas Dei through solidarity with victims, ethical criticism of power, and active participation in promoting peace and the common good. KWI’s pastoral statement embodies this prophetic stance by advocating nonviolence, human dignity, and social justice. In conclusion, Augustine’s political theology remains normatively relevant for guiding the Church’s mission as a transformative moral force in contemporary public life.

The success of information systems projects in the digital transformation era is often hindered by unhealthy team dynamics, even when technical aspects have been optimally met. This study aims to analyze the synergy between inclusive communication strategies and digital leadership styles in building team health and sustainable performance. The research method employed is a qualitative literature study, integrating variables such as digital leadership, psychological safety, and knowledge management. The results indicate that digital leadership serves as a primary catalyst in creating a psychologically safe work environment, which in turn enhances the creative self-efficacy of team members. Synergy is effectively established when leaders adopt transparent communication channels through digital collaboration tools to mitigate role conflict and technostress within hybrid work environments. Furthermore, knowledge coordination is proven to strengthen team cohesiveness through the conversion of personal knowledge into strategic organizational assets. The study concludes that the integration of empathic communication and adaptive leadership is the fundamental basis for the cognitive, psychological, and operational health of the team. This research produces a managerial synergy framework to mitigate the risk of project failure caused by human factors in the digital era.

This research is motivated by the importance of understanding the Heart Sutra within the framework of Humanistic Buddhism, especially for students of Buddhist religious education. The main problem lies in the limited understanding of the relevance of the Heart Sutra to humanistic values ​​in the context of modern life. This study aims to explain the relevance of the Heart Sutra teachings in building applicable spiritual, ethical, and social awareness. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach through text analysis and academic literature review. Data were obtained from primary sources in the form of translations of the Heart Sutra and secondary sources including journals, books, and scientific articles related to Humanistic Buddhism. The results of the study show that the teachings of sunyata (emptiness) in the Heart Sutra not only have profound philosophical meaning, but also provide practical implications in everyday life. The Heart Sutra is able to strengthen the philosophical foundation of Humanistic Buddhism, foster an attitude of compassion, wisdom, and tolerance, and serve as a relevant ethical guideline in facing the dynamics and challenges of modern society.

This study evaluates public sentiment toward Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 regarding the age limit for presidential and vice-presidential candidates, a controversial issue closely related to Indonesia’s democratic dynamics. Understanding public opinion on Twitter, as a major platform for political expression, is essential for informing electoral policy formulation. Data were collected using Tweet Harvest through Google Colab and analyzed using the Naïve Bayes algorithm as the primary sentiment classification method, with RapidMiner employed to support and streamline the analytical process. The analysis process included data cleaning, text normalization, stopword removal, manual labeling of 80 tweets as training data, and automatic sentiment classification to identify positive and negative sentiments. From a total of 151 analyzed tweets, 84 (55.63%) were classified as negative and 67 (44.37%) as positive, with the model achieving an accuracy of 66.67%. These findings suggest a tendency toward public opposition to the decision, reflecting dissatisfaction among Twitter users. The study demonstrates that Naïve Bayes is reasonably effective for sentiment classification with limited datasets and provides insights for policymakers in understanding public responses to election-related regulations.

The dynamics of the development of Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) Al Hikmah cannot be separated from the role of the principal’s communication. Analogous to the human body, communication functions as blood that must flow to all parts. This constitutes one of the foundations for quality development. The communication strategy of the principal of MTs Al Hikmah in quality development exhibits distinctive characteristics. The principal is able to establish highly effective communication despite not having an educational background in communication studies. The principal employs prophetic-based communication strategy to enhance institutional quality. This study is qualitative research employing a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through interviews with the principal, foundation caretakers or administrators, teachers, parents or students, and stakeholders. In addition, interview data were systematically dialogued with documents and observations. After data collection, the data were analyzed using prophetic and quality-based approaches. The analytical process involved data condensation and triangulation to ensure the scientific accountability of the findings. The communication implemented operates effectively according to its roles as persuasive, informative, collective-regulative, and integrative, with a linear pattern through channels of direction, instruction, and task assignment aligned with institutional objectives. (b) The direction of the communication strategy is predominantly top-down rather than bottom-up within formal school contexts, guided by ethics of liberation, humanization, and decentralization. Diagonal communication is conducted with several informants, such as vice principals for curriculum, student affairs, and facilities and infrastructure, through various communication platforms. Interpersonal communication is also well established, with a strong emphasis on motivating subordinates from multiple perspectives.

The increasing complexity of competition in the healthcare industry requires hospitals to adopt adaptive and strategic management practices to enhance organizational competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the role of strategic management in improving hospital competitiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. A total of 41 national and international scientific articles published between 2014 and 2025 were reviewed, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Sinta databases, following the PRISMA guidelines for literature selection. The synthesis of findings indicates that strategic management plays a significant role in strengthening hospital competitiveness through clear strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous performance evaluation. Key factors contributing to competitive advantage include strategic leadership, adaptive organizational culture, effective human resource management, utilization of information technology, and integration between strategic planning and operational processes. The results emphasize that hospitals implementing strategic management comprehensively are better equipped to respond to environmental dynamics, improve service quality, and sustain competitive advantage in the long term. This study highlights the importance of strategic management as a foundational element in modern hospital governance and provides a conceptual basis for future empirical research in healthcare management.

This study aims to examine the global marketing strategies implemented by The Coca-Cola Company in maintaining its competitive position in international markets. The advancement of globalization requires multinational corporations to design marketing strategies that are not only globally standardized but also adaptable to local market characteristics and consumer needs. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach, conducted through the review of relevant literature, corporate reports, and academic journals. The findings indicate that Coca-Cola’s success in global marketing is supported by strong brand differentiation, an extensive global distribution network through partnerships with bottlers, and the application of the glocalization concept, which balances standardization and adaptation within the marketing mix. Furthermore, market expansion strategies are implemented systematically through the selection of target markets based on growth potential, accessibility, and competitive intensity. The study also reveals that the country of origin image of the United States serves as a positive brand asset by creating aspirational value and quality perceptions across various markets, although in certain contexts it also presents challenges that require strategic management. Overall, this study confirms that Coca-Cola’s global marketing strategy is capable of achieving sustainable competitive advantage through the integration of strong global branding, product innovation, and responsiveness to local market dynamics.