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This community-based project aimed to analyze the cash management system of the micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) Bakpia Juwara Satoe and develop recommendations to improve the company's financial performance. Cash management is a crucial but often overlooked aspect of MSME financial management, which can lead to cash flow problems, inaccurate record keeping, and poor management decisions. The methodology used included qualitative data collection through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and financial statement analysis. The project findings revealed that Bakpia Juwara Satoe lacked a functioning cash management system. There was no separation between cash receipts and disbursements, no standardized system for handling cash, and transaction recording remained manual and inconsistent. As part of the project, standard operating procedures (SOP) for cash management were developed, financial accounting training was conducted, and support was provided in creating simple cash flow statements. Following the implementation of these measures, record accuracy increased by 78%, and cash losses were reduced. It was determined that the implementation of efficient cash management contributed significantly to the improvement of Bakpia Juwara Satoe's financial performance.

This study looks at how da'wah management plays a role in running the Qur'an memorization curriculum at SDIT Islamiyah Proyek Desa Belinteng. The tahfizh program isn't just seen as a way to pass on religious knowledge it's also viewed as a da'wah tool and a means of building religious character in students from an early age. The study aims to explore how management functions including planning, organizing, directing, and evaluating are applied in running the tahfizh program at the school. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and document review. The key informants were the school principal and the tahfizh teachers. The findings show that the tahfizh program has been managed in a fairly structured way, covering memorization target-setting, clear division of responsibilities, regular memorization sessions, and periodic progress assessments. Beyond improving students' memorization skills, the program also helps instill discipline, good manners, and a love for the Qur'an. That said, the program still faces some challenges, mainly students' lack of focus and limited muroja'ah practice at home.

This study aims to analyze the management of young preacher (dai cilik) training in developing students’ preaching skills at SD IT Al-Washliyah Kelambir Lima Medan using a management function approach (*planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling*). This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The research informants consisted of the principal and teachers responsible for the young preacher training program. The collected data were analyzed systematically to describe the implementation of management functions in the young preacher training activities and their contribution to the development of students’ preaching skills. The results showed that planning was carried out through the development of a practice-based preaching curriculum, organizing was implemented through task allocation and regular scheduling, implementation focused on *public speaking* practice, sermon material preparation, and moral development, while evaluation was conducted periodically through student performance assessments. The implementation of this systematic training management contributed to the improvement of students’ preaching skills in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. These findings indicate that management functions applied in a structured manner play a strategic role in supporting the development of students’ preaching competencies at the elementary school level. Furthermore, continuous training provides opportunities for students to enhance their self-confidence, communication skills, and readiness to effectively deliver Islamic preaching messages

This study aims to synthesize empirical and theoretical literature on the Planning–Organizing–Actuating–Controlling (POAC) framework in public sector management, identify asymmetries among its functions, and propose a reconfiguration of POAC that is relevant to digital and collaborative governance. The study employs an integrative literature review by examining classical management literature, peer-reviewed journals, government regulations, and official governance indicators. Data were analyzed thematically based on the four POAC functions and synthesized across themes, using Indonesia during the 2021–2025 period as the empirical context. The findings reveal that planning and organizing functions have developed relatively well, while actuating and especially controlling remain persistent weaknesses. This condition is reflected in improvements in several formal governance indicators, including the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) Index, Indonesia’s ranking in the E-Government Development Index (EGDI), Unqualified Audit Opinions (WTP), and public service compliance ratings. However, during the same period, the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) declined. These findings indicate a gap between administrative achievements and substantive outcomes, consistent with the concept of means–ends decoupling in neo-institutional theory. The study contributes by bridging classical management theory with contemporary governance paradigms and proposing a Data-driven, Networked, Adaptive, and Participatory (DNAP) model of POAC. Practically, the results highlight the need to strengthen controlling functions and adaptive leadership to foster more effective, transparent, and outcome-oriented public governance.

This study is motivated by the proliferation of regulations that facilitate the exploitative extraction of natural resources in Indonesia as a consequence of the penetration of neoliberal ideology, which deviates from the mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The significance of this research lies in the strategic role of Muhammadiyah through the "Constitutional Jihad" movement in restoring state sovereignty over natural resources for the benefit of the public welfare. The study aims to analyze the philosophical foundations of Constitutional Jihad in reconstructing the vision of a Progressive Indonesia (Indonesia Berkemajuan) and to examine Muhammadiyah’s legal advocacy strategies in resisting the hegemony of liberal economic policies. The research focuses on how Muhammadiyah’s philosophical framework and litigation strategies are capable of correcting national energy policies, as reflected in Constitutional Court Decision Number 36/PUU-X/2012. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, case, and theological-ideological approaches. The findings reveal that, philosophically, Constitutional Jihad represents the transformation of Al-Ma’un theology and the concept of Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah into a constitutional framework that integrates divine sovereignty with popular sovereignty. In terms of strategy, Muhammadiyah utilizes Public Interest Litigation supported by interdisciplinary expert collaboration and moral mobilization rooted in civil society. The analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012 demonstrates that Muhammadiyah’s advocacy successfully invalidated unconstitutional provisions of the Oil and Gas Law that had weakened state control, while simultaneously reaffirming the state's direct management function over natural resources. The study concludes that Constitutional Jihad constitutes an effective form of national ijtihad in reconstructing a progressive, sovereign, and socially just legal order in Indonesia.

Tebet Eco Park is one of the green open spaces (GOS) in South Jakarta that plays an important role in supporting environmental health and urban public health. This study aims to analyze the environmental health conditions at Tebet Eco Park through direct observation of environmental cleanliness, air quality, water quality, waste management, sanitation facilities, and visitor comfort. The research employed a descriptive method using field observations and a literature review approach. The findings indicate that the overall environmental health condition of Tebet Eco Park is relatively good. The presence of diverse vegetation contributes to improving air quality and creating a cool and comfortable environment. Supporting facilities such as sports areas, playgrounds, pet-friendly zones, and drinking water refill stations also contribute to the physical and social well-being of the community. However, several issues were still identified, including poor water quality in the park’s ponds and improper waste disposal by some visitors. Therefore, more effective environmental management and increased public awareness are needed to ensure that the ecological and social functions of Tebet Eco Park can be sustained in the long term.

The drainage system is critical infrastructure for managing stormwater runoff in densely built urban areas, including higher education institutions. This study aims to evaluate the capacity performance of the existing drainage channels in the UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur campus area. The evaluation was conducted through two main stages: hydrological analysis using the rational method to estimate the design runoff discharge for a 10-year return period, and hydraulic analysis using Manning's equation to calculate the channel cross-sectional capacity in accordance with Permen PU No. 12 of 2014. Based on the assessment of 43 drainage channels, the results showed that 33 channels (76.7%) are still functioning optimally and capable of accommodating the design discharge. Conversely, 10 channels (23.3%) were identified as having insufficient capacity. This capacity deficit was triggered by initial designs that did not accommodate the 10-year return period flood discharge, increased runoff coefficients due to massive pavement development, and effective cross-section narrowing caused by sedimentation. To mitigate inundation issues, this study recommends redesigning the failing channels using an economical hydraulic cross-section, accompanied by periodic normalization and dredging for functional channels. The findings of this study are expected to serve as technical guidelines for the optimal and sustainable management of campus drainage infrastructure.

Project scheduling is a critical aspect of ensuring the successful implementation of construction projects, particularly bridge projects that involve a high degree of complexity. Poor schedule quality may result in project delays, inaccurate critical path identification, and inadequate project control. This study aims to evaluate the schedule quality of a pile slab bridge project using the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) 14-Point Schedule Assessment method, supported by Oracle Primavera P6 software. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach applied to an existing baseline schedule. The assessment results indicate that several parameters have satisfied the DCMA standards, including relationship type, hard constraints, soft constraints, negative float, large duration, and invalid progress. Conversely, several parameters remain non-compliant with the established standards, namely network logic, positive lag, large float, resources/cost, and the Baseline Execution Index (BEI). This study concludes that the project schedule has not fully adhered to the principles of a network-driven schedule and continues to function primarily as an administrative time schedule. The findings of this study offer practical contributions to construction project management by providing recommendations that encompass the refinement of network logic relationships, reduction of excessive lag usage, implementation of resource and cost loading, and progress updates based on the established baseline, thereby enabling the schedule to serve as a more effective, reliable, and integrated project control tool

Background: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively due to structural or functional disorders, commonly manifesting as dyspnea, fluid retention, and peripheral edema. Globally, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, with CHF affecting more than 55-65 million people worldwide. Objective: To perform comprehensive nursing care on patient Ny. A with cardiovascular system disorder: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in the Mawar I Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. Methods: This study used a descriptive method through a case study approach. Data were collected via interview, observation, and physical examination. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified: ineffective breathing pattern, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficit. Interventions included respiratory monitoring, hypervolemia management, energy management, and health education on disease process. After two days of nursing implementation, three diagnoses were resolved and one (hypervolemia) was partially resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for Ny. A with CHF was carried out through assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Continued interventions are recommended, including fluid balance monitoring, diuretic collaboration, and edema and ascites monitoring.

Introduction: Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke (NHS) or ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke resulting from blood vessel blockage that inhibits oxygen supply to brain tissue. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia was recorded at 10.9 cases per 1,000 population in 2013 and increased to 70 cases per 1,000 population (equivalent to 7.0%) in 2017. At RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, the prevalence of stroke cases was recorded at 647 people (3.74%) in 2023, 682 people (3.94%) in 2024, and 1,120 people (6.48%) in 2025. These cases frequently cause impairments in physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning, necessitating comprehensive care and management. Writing Method: This scientific writing used descriptive narrative methods through a nursing process approach, aiming to describe nursing care in patients with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified in Ny. M with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk, impaired physical mobility, knowledge deficit, and fall risk. Nursing interventions included intracranial pressure increase management, neurological monitoring, intravenous medication administration, mobilization support, health education, and fall prevention. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, 2 nursing diagnoses were resolved and 2 others were partially resolved: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk via discharge planning delegated to the ward nurse, and impaired physical mobility with discharge planning including recommendations for gradual passive range of motion exercises and continued family involvement in patient care.

Background: Community nursing is a service process that is a combination of nursing and public health. Family nursing care is health services focused on the family where the entire process from assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation to evaluation involves all family members both in healthy and sick conditions. The elderly are individuals in the age range of 60 years and above. Stroke is a disorder of brain function that appears suddenly accompanied by clinical signs both local and global in nature that last more than 24 hours caused by disruption of blood flow to the brain. Objective: To provide family nursing care to Tn. W with Neurological System Disorders: Stroke in Karangjati Village RT 02 RW 05 Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Methods: This scientific paper is compiled using a descriptive narrative study approach following the stages of the nursing process including assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation studies. Results: Nursing diagnoses that emerged were physical mobility impairment and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions for physical mobility impairment included recognizing health problems and understanding stroke management, particularly related to mobilization through passive and active range of motion (ROM) exercises. For knowledge deficit, interventions included health education about stroke using educational media. Conclusion: After implementation over three days (December 27–29, 2025), the physical mobility impairment problem was partially resolved and knowledge deficit was resolved. It is expected that patients can increase their knowledge about health, particularly stroke disease.  

Digitalization in the fitness industry is increasingly essential to improve efficiency and service quality. However, many fitness centers still manage data manually, including KRESNA GYM, which faces challenges in member registration, workout scheduling, and facility information delivery. This study aims to design a web-based e-fitness application using the Laravel framework to support digital service management. The development follows the Waterfall model through stages of requirement analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The application includes features such as a landing page, admin/member login and registration, management dashboards, workout schedules, equipment guides, and supplement listings. Black-box testing confirms that all features function as expected. This system simplifies administrative processes and enhances member experience, making it effective in supporting digital transformation at KRESNA GYM.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) in response to allergen exposure. This condition has become a significant global health concern because of its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on quality of life, sleep, cognitive function, and work productivity. AR is also commonly associated with other atopic diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. This article aims to review the current understanding of allergic rhinitis, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies. This study used a narrative literature review method by analyzing scientific articles, clinical guidelines, and peer-reviewed journals published between 2015 and 2025. Literature sources were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and relevant medical databases using keywords related to allergic rhinitis, IgE, diagnosis, and immunotherapy. The findings indicate that allergic rhinitis involves complex immune mechanisms characterized by Th2 lymphocyte activation, IgE production, and inflammatory mediator release. Diagnosis is primarily established clinically and supported by allergy testing such as skin prick tests or serum-specific IgE measurement. Intranasal corticosteroids remain the first-line therapy for moderate to severe cases, while antihistamines and leukotriene receptor antagonists are used as adjunctive therapies. Allergen immunotherapy has shown effectiveness in modifying disease progression and improving long-term outcomes. In conclusion, allergic rhinitis is a manageable chronic disease that requires a comprehensive and individualized treatment approach involving environmental control, pharmacotherapy, and immunotherapy.

TPS 3R is a community-based waste management approach aimed at reducing waste generation through reduce, reuse, and recycle activities. However, the operational sustainability of TPS 3R still faces several challenges,including  waste processing effectiveness, and community participation. This study aims to analyze the community’s Willingness to Pay (WTP) for waste management fees and to formulate priority recommendations for improving the performance of TPS 3R Banjar Sugihan using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. The research was conducted in Banjar Sugihan Village, Tandes District, Surabaya City, involving 563 household respondents. WTP analysis was carried out using the bidding game method, while QFD analysis was conducted through the preparation of the House of Quality (HoQ). The results showed that the community’s WTP ranged from IDR 16,000 to IDR 19,000 per month. If applied to all 3,758 households in Banjar Sugihan Village, the potential retribution revenue is estimated to reach IDR 60,128,000–IDR 71,402,000 per month. The QFD analysis indicated that the priority strategies for improving TPS 3R performance include enhancing infrastructure facilities, optimizing waste sorting and processing, increasing waste processing capacity, strengthening human resource capacity, and implementing a WTP-based retribution system. Therefore, the implementation of a WTP-based retribution system and priority strategies derived from QFD analysis are expected to support the sustainability of waste management at TPS 3R Banjar Sugihan.

Postharvest handling of leafy vegetables, such as kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), is crucial for maintaining product quality and market value. This study aims to review the application of sorting and grading processes in improving the quality of horticultural products. The method used is a literature review of scientific journals and relevant references related to postharvest handling of vegetables. The findings indicate that sorting functions to separate damaged and unmarketable products based on physical condition, while grading classifies products into quality categories based on size, shape, and visual appearance. These processes contribute to reducing postharvest losses, improving product uniformity, and increasing market value. Furthermore, proper sorting and grading support quality control and enhance efficiency in distribution and marketing systems. Therefore, sorting and grading are essential components of postharvest management to ensure product quality and market competitiveness.

 Education in vocational high schools (SMKs) requires effective data management to improve students’ academic achievement and discipline. At SMK Islam Secang, students’ academic scores and attendance data have so far functioned merely as administrative archives, making it difficult to identify patterns of student performance. This study aims to classify students based on academic achievement and discipline by applying the K-Means Clustering algorithm using RapidMiner. The data used in this study consist of scores from six subjects and attendance records of 35 students from the Light Vehicle Engineering (TKR) department over two semesters. The data were obtained from original school records, compiled using Microsoft Excel, and processed in RapidMiner. The clustering process employed four clusters for academic achievement and two clusters for discipline, with Euclidean Distance used as the similarity measure. The results show that in the first semester, students were grouped into four academic achievement clusters: high achievement (6 students), moderate achievement (7 students), potentially problematic (14 students), and problematic (8 students). In the second semester, the distribution changed to high achievement (19 students), moderate achievement (14 students), potentially problematic (4 students), and problematic (1 student). Meanwhile, student discipline was divided into two clusters: disciplined (31 students) and undisciplined (4 students). These results demonstrate that K-Means Clustering is effective in mapping student conditions, revealing patterns in academic performance and attendance, and supporting educational evaluation, learning planning, and early detection of students who require academic or disciplinary intervention. Keywords: Data Mining, K-Means Clustering, Academic Achievement, Discipline, RapidMiner, Vocational High School (SMK)

Accountability in preparing financial reports is a crucial instrument for the sustainability of business entities, because inaccurate financial data management can hinder decision-making and harm business performance in the future. For MSME actors in the PKK Tanggamus community, strengthening financial reporting competence is an urgent need so they can map expenditure structures, record income, calculate profit, and evaluate business development periodically. This community service activity aims to improve participants’ financial discipline, particularly in separating personal assets, business capital, and gross profit, while introducing accessible office technology. The training focused on optimizing LibreOffice Calc as an alternative to Microsoft Excel with similar functions for creating transaction tables, cost recapitulations, and simple financial reports. The activity method included material presentation, software demonstrations, report preparation practice, and interactive discussions based on participants’ business needs. Training results showed high enthusiasm, improved understanding, and readiness to use LibreOffice Calc as a more organized, transparent, and sustainable financial recording tool. Thus, this activity provides practical contributions to building an accountable financial administration culture for community-based MSMEs.

This study aims to explore the phenomenon of using a second Instagram account among Generation Z as a strategy for impression management and privacy protection. Amidst the dominance of a culture of show-off and hegemonic aesthetic standards on primary accounts, Generation Z tends to experience aesthetic fatigue and social pressure due to scrutiny from diverse audiences (context collapse). Using Erving Goffman's Dramaturgy theory, this study examines how individuals construct distinct identities on the front stage and back stage. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five Generation Z informants who have multiple accounts, as well as passive participant observation of their digital activities. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the primary account functions as a highly curated front stage to maintain professional and social reputations. Conversely, the second account functions as a back stage that allows Generation Z to engage in emotional catharsis, honest self-disclosure, and identity experimentation through unique names (pseudonyms). The use of a second account is a strategic response to reclaim personal authority over their life narratives from the pressure of algorithms and public judgment. The study concludes that second accounts are not just a technological trend, but rather a self-defense mechanism for Generation Z to maintain authentic space and maintain mental health amidst massive digital transparency.

SR12 Herbal Cosmetics is a company engaged in the field of herbal and skin care. Founded in 2015 byToni Firmansyah, S. Farm., Apt. and Asrianty Salam, Farm. This company has a vision to provide benefits to many people through the herbal and skin care products they produce. SR12 Herbal Cosmetics products are formulated based on research from certified scientists, and have been tested at the Sucofindo Laboratory, are free of mercury and hydroquinone, and have been registered with the Indonesian Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM RI). SR12 Herbal Cosmetics has several factories in West Java Province and has an extensive distribution network with hundreds of distributors and tens of thousands of partners throughout Indonesia. The goal to be achieved is to produce a management information system model including a management information system for PT SR12 Herbal Cosmetics. The research object chosen is a company in the field of cosmetics and skin care which has its head office in Gunung Sindur, West Java. This selection aims to form a management information system design model that is able to produce relevant and timely information for planning, controlling, decision making and evaluating the performance of activities. For the Web-Based Instagram Content Management Information System Design project to Support SR12 Herbal Cosmetics' Brand Awareness, I used Agile (Scrum) due to the dynamic nature of digital marketing and potential changes to the Instagram API or business needs. This allowed SR12 to get core functionality faster and provide iterative feedback, ensuring the system built was truly relevant to their brand awareness needs.

Student cooperatives in Islamic boarding schools are no longer merely understood as business units providing daily necessities, but have developed into socio-economic spaces that shape independence, trust, and Islamic entrepreneurship education among students. This study is motivated by the limited number of studies examining pesantren cooperatives as socio-religious processes that cultivate values of trustworthiness, responsibility, transparency, and cooperation in students’ daily lives. The study aims to explain the empirical practices of student involvement in cooperative management, the social relations formed through economic activities in pesantren, and their implications for Islamic entrepreneurship education and the strengthening of pesantren economic independence. This research employed a qualitative approach with a field study method conducted at Pondok Pesantren Modern Elfira 2 Purwokerto. Data were collected through observation, interviews with cooperative administrators and student managers, and documentation of financial reports and cooperative operational activities. The findings reveal that students are directly involved in managing goods inventory, customer service, digital financial recording, and the distribution of daily necessities within the pesantren environment. These practices foster values of trustworthiness, transparency, responsibility, and cooperation through supervision systems, work shift arrangements, and daily evaluations. In addition to strengthening the pesantren’s economy, the cooperative also functions as a medium for experiential Islamic entrepreneurship learning. This article contributes to the sociology of Islamic education by demonstrating that student cooperatives function as socio-economic laboratories that shape students’ independence, social trust, and Islamic entrepreneurial ethics within the everyday life of pesantren communities.