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Posyandu is a community-based health program managed by and for the community, aiming to strengthen local health systems and facilitate access to essential health services. The temporary disruption of Posyandu services during the COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse effects on vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and toddlers, highlighting the importance of resilient volunteer performance post-pandemic. This study aims to examine the correlation between post-pandemic competence and the implementation of the five main activities by Posyandu volunteers in Malang, Indonesia. Utilizing a quantitative correlational research design, the study involved a total sample of 123 Posyandu volunteers from two villages in Malang. Data collection was conducted over July to August 2023. The findings indicate a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between volunteer knowledge and motivation, with a p-value of 0.007 and a correlation coefficient of 0.242. This suggests that while increased knowledge is associated with higher motivation levels, the strength of this relationship is limited. Further analysis assessed the relationship between length of service and volunteer motivation, revealing no significant correlation (p = 0.675, r = -0.038). These results imply that the duration of volunteer service does not influence motivational levels among Posyandu volunteers. Given these findings, enhancing volunteers’ knowledge through regular training and refresher programs is essential to maintain motivation and improve service delivery. The study recommends continuous capacity-building efforts to empower Posyandu volunteers, thereby ensuring effective implementation of health activities post-pandemic. Future research should investigate additional factors that may affect volunteer motivation, such as social support, recognition, and workload. Understanding these dimensions can further strengthen Posyandu programs and support the vulnerable community members they serve.

Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The findings highlight that digital healthcare transformation has increasingly evolved from emergency responses to COVID-19 into a strategic framework for long-term system improvement. Moreover, AI and big data have played pivotal roles in enhancing diagnostics, predicting outbreaks, and improving resource allocation. However, concerns related to privacy, digital literacy, and unequal technological access remain prominent. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia.

Posyandu is a community-based health program managed by and for the community, aiming to strengthen local health systems and facilitate access to essential health services. The temporary disruption of Posyandu services during the COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse effects on vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and toddlers, highlighting the importance of resilient volunteer performance post-pandemic. This study aims to examine the correlation between post-pandemic competence and the implementation of the five main activities by Posyandu volunteers in Malang, Indonesia. Utilizing a quantitative correlational research design, the study involved a total sample of 123 Posyandu volunteers from two villages in Malang. Data collection was conducted over July to August 2023. The findings indicate a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between volunteer knowledge and motivation, with a p-value of 0.007 and a correlation coefficient of 0.242. This suggests that while increased knowledge is associated with higher motivation levels, the strength of this relationship is limited. Further analysis assessed the relationship between length of service and volunteer motivation, revealing no significant correlation (p = 0.675, r = -0.038). These results imply that the duration of volunteer service does not influence motivational levels among Posyandu volunteers. Given these findings, enhancing volunteers’ knowledge through regular training and refresher programs is essential to maintain motivation and improve service delivery. The study recommends continuous capacity-building efforts to empower Posyandu volunteers, thereby ensuring effective implementation of health activities post-pandemic. Future research should investigate additional factors that may affect volunteer motivation, such as social support, recognition, and workload. Understanding these dimensions can further strengthen Posyandu programs and support the vulnerable community members they serve.

Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context.

Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The findings highlight that digital healthcare transformation has increasingly evolved from emergency responses to COVID-19 into a strategic framework for long-term system improvement. Moreover, AI and big data have played pivotal roles in enhancing diagnostics, predicting outbreaks, and improving resource allocation. However, concerns related to privacy, digital literacy, and unequal technological access remain prominent. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia.

Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of online learning, but its long-term effects on children's psychological well-being remain a concern. This paper investigates the impact of remote learning on students’ mental health, social interaction, and academic motivation. Based on surveys and case studies, the research highlights the challenges children face and suggests strategies to improve their online learning experiences.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of online learning, but its long-term effects on children's psychological well-being remain a concern. This paper investigates the impact of remote learning on students’ mental health, social interaction, and academic motivation. Based on surveys and case studies, the research highlights the challenges children face and suggests strategies to improve their online learning experiences.

Since its appearance, Corona Virus Disease 2019 or Covid-19 has become a problem in various parts of the world. The sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic are airlines, transportation, hotels, shopping centers and restaurants. This uncertain situation will further aggravate global financial stability. Mainly this has an impact on business activities in stores, convenience stores and shopping centers. Surabaya as a metropolitan city as well as the capital of East Java is participating in suppressing the prevention of Covid by making Perwali Surabaya No. 33 of 2020 concerning New Normal Procedures Guidelines for Business Activities in Stores, Supermarkets and Shopping Centers in pandemic conditions This research is a normative legal research and empirical law, namely research conducted by collecting legal materials, both primary, secondary and or tertiary.

Since its appearance, Corona Virus Disease 2019 or Covid-19 has become a problem in various parts of the world. The sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic are airlines, transportation, hotels, shopping centers and restaurants. This uncertain situation will further aggravate global financial stability. Mainly this has an impact on business activities in stores, convenience stores and shopping centers. Surabaya as a metropolitan city as well as the capital of East Java is participating in suppressing the prevention of Covid by making Perwali Surabaya No. 33 of 2020 concerning New Normal Procedures Guidelines for Business Activities in Stores, Supermarkets and Shopping Centers in pandemic conditions This research is a normative legal research and empirical law, namely research conducted by collecting legal materials, both primary, secondary and or tertiary.

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused deep sorrow for the world community and Indonesian people. In fighting the Covid-19 pandemic, doctors are a profession at the forefront. But in fact, many patients lie about their medical status which is an obstacle to eradicating the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine how the legal protection of doctors and what are the legal consequences of patients who lie about their medical status. The research method used in this research is normative legal research and empirical law. The results of the study explain that the health worker profession really needs to get legal protection in carrying out its duties, as well as the right to occupational safety and health in providing health services and the legal consequences for patients who lie have been described in article 14 paragraph (1) of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 1984 regarding the outbreak of infectious diseases.

One of the important elements that must exist in a rule of law is the protection of human rights, where the inclusion of rights and human rights of citizens in the constitution brings consequences for the state to recognize, respect and respect and fulfill the rights of citizens, including in including the fulfillment of the basic rights of children. Children are a mandate and a gift from God Almighty, which is inherent within them of dignity as a whole human being. In line with the development of the times, which requires a transfer in all aspects of people's life, which can be done manually to completely digital or can be referred to as digitalization, which then with the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world community became the biggest factor in the acceleration of digitalization where children Children in the compulsory education age category use social media as a learning medium which, if not closely supervised by parents, can raise concerns about child exploitation through social media, it is necessary to discuss in this study the forms of sexual violence that can occur against children. through social media, as well as forms of legal protection for child victims of sexual violence. The research method used in this research is juridical-normative legal research, with library material that includes primary legal materials, namely the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and Law Number 35 of the Year. 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, then secondary legal materials which include previous legal research, legal books, scientific journals, and other legal materials, then finally tertiary legal materials covering Indonesian language , and an encyclopedia.

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused deep sorrow for the world community and Indonesian people. In fighting the Covid-19 pandemic, doctors are a profession at the forefront. But in fact, many patients lie about their medical status which is an obstacle to eradicating the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine how the legal protection of doctors and what are the legal consequences of patients who lie about their medical status. The research method used in this research is normative legal research and empirical law. The results of the study explain that the health worker profession really needs to get legal protection in carrying out its duties, as well as the right to occupational safety and health in providing health services and the legal consequences for patients who lie have been described in article 14 paragraph (1) of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 1984 regarding the outbreak of infectious diseases.

One of the important elements that must exist in a rule of law is the protection of human rights, where the inclusion of rights and human rights of citizens in the constitution brings consequences for the state to recognize, respect and respect and fulfill the rights of citizens, including in including the fulfillment of the basic rights of children. Children are a mandate and a gift from God Almighty, which is inherent within them of dignity as a whole human being. In line with the development of the times, which requires a transfer in all aspects of people's life, which can be done manually to completely digital or can be referred to as digitalization, which then with the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world community became the biggest factor in the acceleration of digitalization where children Children in the compulsory education age category use social media as a learning medium which, if not closely supervised by parents, can raise concerns about child exploitation through social media, it is necessary to discuss in this study the forms of sexual violence that can occur against children. through social media, as well as forms of legal protection for child victims of sexual violence. The research method used in this research is juridical-normative legal research, with library material that includes primary legal materials, namely the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and Law Number 35 of the Year. 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, then secondary legal materials which include previous legal research, legal books, scientific journals, and other legal materials, then finally tertiary legal materials covering Indonesian language , and an encyclopedia.

During this pandemic, most of people’s activities are carried out through digital media. Both learning and working processes are using the video-conference platform, a platform deemed effective to facilitate the needs of distance communication. One of the limitations of using video-conference lies in difficulty in understanding emotional conditions based on solely camera video. Hence, speakers generally do not know their interlocutors’ feelings related to the materials being presented. Grounded on this issue, we examined a facial expressions-based emotion recognition tool. Micro expression is one of the micro-languages of communication. Machine learning model developed in this study was Deep Learning with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The library that was used was Keras, this was used to recognize micro expression pattern. Additionally, OpenCV was also used for the general face recognition process. Both libraries were operated using Python programming language. The result of the micro expression test involving thirty participants detected three types of facial expression, namely joy, sadness, and anger expression. However, face recognition applied in the present study still needed some improvements, especially for anger and sadness expression. With regard to joy expression, 89% of the expression were recognized. Based on the recorded data, it is necessary to improve the recordings criteria to obtain a clearer expression.

During this pandemic, most of people’s activities are carried out through digital media. Both learning and working processes are using the video-conference platform, a platform deemed effective to facilitate the needs of distance communication. One of the limitations of using video-conference lies in difficulty in understanding emotional conditions based on solely camera video. Hence, speakers generally do not know their interlocutors’ feelings related to the materials being presented. Grounded on this issue, we examined a facial expressions-based emotion recognition tool. Micro expression is one of the micro-languages of communication. Machine learning model developed in this study was Deep Learning with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The library that was used was Keras, this was used to recognize micro expression pattern. Additionally, OpenCV was also used for the general face recognition process. Both libraries were operated using Python programming language. The result of the micro expression test involving thirty participants detected three types of facial expression, namely joy, sadness, and anger expression. However, face recognition applied in the present study still needed some improvements, especially for anger and sadness expression. With regard to joy expression, 89% of the expression were recognized. Based on the recorded data, it is necessary to improve the recordings criteria to obtain a clearer expression.

This research is a quantitative descriptive study, which thoroughly describes violence against children during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this study was determined using the Non-Probability Sampling with the convenience sampling technique for 165 people. Based on the research results, the handling of violence against children includes 43% physical aspects, 38.8% psychological aspects and 18.2% neglect aspects. The form of treatment that often occurred with hitting amounted to 39.4% and was often done by fathers by 60.6% was a physical aspect. The role of parents, especially fathers, should educate so that children find good examples to be imitated, and the role of mothers as supervisors and provide advice to fathers in educating. Furthermore, researchers can formulate alternative solutions in answering the conditions that occur based on the results of this study through a follow-up study or research.

This research is a quantitative descriptive study, which thoroughly describes violence against children during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this study was determined using the Non-Probability Sampling with the convenience sampling technique for 165 people. Based on the research results, the handling of violence against children includes 43% physical aspects, 38.8% psychological aspects and 18.2% neglect aspects. The form of treatment that often occurred with hitting amounted to 39.4% and was often done by fathers by 60.6% was a physical aspect. The role of parents, especially fathers, should educate so that children find good examples to be imitated, and the role of mothers as supervisors and provide advice to fathers in educating. Furthermore, researchers can formulate alternative solutions in answering the conditions that occur based on the results of this study through a follow-up study or research.

The context of teaching and learning in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic provides more space for families to teach their children, especially at an early age. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the phenomenon of family-based early childhood learning starting from literature studies, problems to solutions in overcoming these problems. The solution that is the key to successful learning in the family environment is the internalization of what parents teach their children. The author uses a collaborative learning design in its application. This solution will direct the child to find a learning style that suits him. This is certainly beneficial for parents in making it easier to teach their children. Therefore, it is hoped that the existence of this research study can be an alternative reference for parents in teaching their children, especially at the early age level which is the rapid development of the brain in receiving various external information around it.    

The context of teaching and learning in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic provides more space for families to teach their children, especially at an early age. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the phenomenon of family-based early childhood learning starting from literature studies, problems to solutions in overcoming these problems. The solution that is the key to successful learning in the family environment is the internalization of what parents teach their children. The author uses a collaborative learning design in its application. This solution will direct the child to find a learning style that suits him. This is certainly beneficial for parents in making it easier to teach their children. Therefore, it is hoped that the existence of this research study can be an alternative reference for parents in teaching their children, especially at the early age level which is the rapid development of the brain in receiving various external information around it.