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The development of digital media has transformed Islamic da’wah into a digitally mediated form of religious communication, reshaping structures of authority, engagement, and community formation. However, existing research remains fragmented and lacks a comprehensive structural map. This study conducted a Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA) of Scopus-indexed publications on Islamic da’wah via digital platforms from 2016 to 2026. Using PRISMA-based screening techniques and bibliometric methods—including co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analyses with VOSviewer—the study analyzed 74 peer-reviewed journal articles. The results indicate a significant increase in the number of publications, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. The field is structured around four main themes: platform-based engagement strategies, youth identity formation, digital authority and ethics, and the adaptation of prophetic communication principles to the online context. Although Indonesia and Malaysia dominate the research output, the collaborative network remains relatively dispersed. New topics such as the influence of algorithms and AI-supported da‘wah suggest an expansion toward interdisciplinary directions. This study provides the first comprehensive map based on Scopus for research on Islamic digital da‘wah and offers a foundation for future theoretical and empirical development.

Conflict is a universal phenomenon that emerges in various aspects of life, ranging from education, social interactions, and law to ecological systems. Its complex dynamics require a deeper understanding of both the underlying sources and levels of conflict to enable constructive management. This study aims to systematically review the literature on conflict with a focus on two key aspects: *sources of conflict* and *levels of conflict*. The method employed is a literature review by searching articles through Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) using the keywords “sources of conflict” and “levels of conflict.” From an initial pool of 30 articles, screening was conducted based on relevance, recency (2019–2025), and open access availability. The final selection yielded 7 articles for in-depth analysis. The findings indicate that sources of conflict include internal factors (psychological, values, communication), external factors (ecological, socio-cultural), and structural dimensions (legal, political). Levels of conflict were identified at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, and structural levels. This review highlights that conflict is a multidisciplinary phenomenon requiring integrative examination. The implications suggest the need for developing a cross-disciplinary conceptual framework to understand conflict comprehensively and to provide a stronger basis for more effective resolution strategies.

This study is motivated by the ongoing practice of oral dakwah methods amidst the rapid development of technology and the growing variety of dakwah media. Although digital dakwah is increasingly widespread, direct oral preaching still holds a special place in the hearts of the community. The focus of this research is the perception of the Talunblandong Village community towards the oral dakwah delivered by Kiai Falaqul Alam, as well as how they receive and interpret it. This study also examines the impact of this dakwah on the social and religious life of the community. The research employs a qualitative approach with Edmund Husserl’s phenomenological method, emphasizing individuals’ subjective experiences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving community members who attend Kiai Falaqul Alam’s dakwah. Data analysis was conducted using Descriptive Phenomenological Research (PFD), including unit of meaning description, psychological description, structural description, and thematic synthesis. This process aims to uncover the deepest meaning of the community’s experience of the dakwah they receive. The results show that Kiai Falaqul Alam is perceived as a wise preacher with an easy-to-understand and socially relevant preaching style. The community responds enthusiastically because the content of the sermons meets their spiritual needs and everyday life. The dakwah has positively impacted the community by increasing religious awareness, changing behaviors, and fostering a spirit of togetherness. This indicates that oral dakwah remains an effective method for conveying Islamic values in a touching and lasting way.

The evaluation of textbooks is a strategic step to ensure the alignment of instructional materials with curricular goals and the needs of learners. In the context of teaching Arabic at the university level, writing skills (mahārah kitābah) are an essential component in shaping productive and communicative language abilities. This study aims to evaluate the representation and development of writing skills in the Arabic Language Book Marhalah Three, published by the Language Center of UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau in 2018. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a document analysis method. Data were collected through content analysis of the textbook using a foreign language textbook evaluation rubric, which includes aspects such as content, instructional approach, and the suitability of the material to students' competencies. The findings indicate that although the book is organized with a systematic instructional structure and thematically relevant content, the development of writing skills is still primarily based on a structural approach and lacks diverse, communicative exercises. These findings suggest the need for improvement in the textbook by integrating communicative, integrative, and contextual approaches in order to enhance the effectiveness of mahārah kitābah instruction in higher education settings.

Cultural Islam and structural Islam are two approaches that reflect the dynamics of Islam in society. Cultural Islam Refers to religious expressions that are integrated with local culture, such as traditions, arts and customs. This approach emphasizes harmony between Islamic values ​​and cultural identity, making it more flexible in responding to social change. Meanwhile, structural Islam is more oriented towards systems and institutions, such as politics, economics and law. This approach aims to build a social order that is in accordance with Islamic principles through formal policies and regulations. This research aims to analyze the interaction and contribution of these two approaches in building a balanced life for Muslims between spiritual values ​​and social needs. This study uses a qualitative method with a text analysis approach and in-depth interviews with the main actors in each approach. The research results show that cultural Islam and structural Islam do not conflict with each other, but rather complement each other. Cultural Islam strengthens the spiritual and emotional aspects of society, while structural Islam provides a normative and regulative basis for society's life. In conclusion, integration between cultural Islam and structural Islam can be a solution to face the challenges of modernity without abandoning Islamic values. The synergy between the two is able to create harmony between local traditions and global demands, making Islam an inclusive and relevant religion in various contexts of life.