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This research is motivated by changes in students' academic communication patterns due to the rapid development of digital technology, which has the potential to affect the consistency of formal language use. In academic literacy, formal language plays a crucial role as a marker of professionalism and the accuracy of scientific communication. This study aims to analyze the shift in formal language use in students' academic communication and identify the factors influencing it in the digital era. The research method used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through an online questionnaire in the form of open-ended questions to students at the University of Muhammadiyah Maumere who actively use digital media in academic communication. Data were analyzed by grouping respondents' answers and identifying language usage patterns. The results show that students understand the differences between formal and informal language, but their application in digital academic communication is not yet consistent. The shift is characterized by the use of abbreviations, slang, and inconsistencies in linguistic rules influenced by instant communication habits, social environments, and the nature of digital media. These findings emphasize the importance of continuously strengthening formal language literacy and academic communication ethics in higher education

This research is motivated by changes in students' academic communication patterns due to the rapid development of digital technology, which has the potential to affect the consistency of formal language use. In academic literacy, formal language plays a crucial role as a marker of professionalism and the accuracy of scientific communication. This study aims to analyze the shift in formal language use in students' academic communication and identify the factors influencing it in the digital era. The research method used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through an online questionnaire in the form of open-ended questions to students at the University of Muhammadiyah Maumere who actively use digital media in academic communication. Data were analyzed by grouping respondents' answers and identifying language usage patterns. The results show that students understand the differences between formal and informal language, but their application in digital academic communication is not yet consistent. The shift is characterized by the use of abbreviations, slang, and inconsistencies in linguistic rules influenced by instant communication habits, social environments, and the nature of digital media. These findings emphasize the importance of continuously strengthening formal language literacy and academic communication ethics in higher education

In a research context, a research title is usually translated into English to provide appropriate understanding for all readers. However, grammar mistakes in translating it often occur. This research focuses on the grammar mistakes found in research titles (English version) of Engineering students at one of the universities in West Java. This research focuses on 105 Engineering students’ research titles data and answers questions of what are the grammar mistakes found, and what are the students’ perceptions regarding the process of translating their titles. By analyzing the titles data, this research found that, out of 105 titles, there are 93 titles with grammar mistakes. These consist of excessive use of definite articles in 69 titles, improper use of prepositions in 22 titles, and improper phrases in 33 titles. Then, the Engineering students’ perceptions about their titles’ translating process were gained from interviews to 5 of them. They were worried about translating it themselves due to their limited understanding of English which made them rely more on translation machines such as Google Translate and ChatGPT without the process of reviewing the translation results’ meaning. The process of reviewing and increasing motivation that builds enthusiasm for learning grammar are needed.

In a research context, a research title is usually translated into English to provide appropriate understanding for all readers. However, grammar mistakes in translating it often occur. This research focuses on the grammar mistakes found in research titles (English version) of Engineering students at one of the universities in West Java. This research focuses on 105 Engineering students’ research titles data and answers questions of what are the grammar mistakes found, and what are the students’ perceptions regarding the process of translating their titles. By analyzing the titles data, this research found that, out of 105 titles, there are 93 titles with grammar mistakes. These consist of excessive use of definite articles in 69 titles, improper use of prepositions in 22 titles, and improper phrases in 33 titles. Then, the Engineering students’ perceptions about their titles’ translating process were gained from interviews to 5 of them. They were worried about translating it themselves due to their limited understanding of English which made them rely more on translation machines such as Google Translate and ChatGPT without the process of reviewing the translation results’ meaning. The process of reviewing and increasing motivation that builds enthusiasm for learning grammar are needed.

This research aims to analyze the effect of using Web Wordwall in training students' computational thinking skills in mathematics learning with a qualitative approach. The research subject is the Director General of Teachers and Education Personnel, while the object is education that is liberating and pro-student. Data obtained from online and offline information sources is recorded in a structured manner, then analyzed to be synthesized into a systematic conceptual framework. Conclusions are drawn by taking the essence of the conceptual framework that can answer the research questions posed. The research method used is a case study with a focus on participatory observation, in-depth interviews and document analysis. Data was collected through literature study and analysis of learning materials. Data analysis was carried out using an inductive approach, by looking for patterns of findings and main concepts from the data collected.

This research aims to analyze the effect of using Web Wordwall in training students' computational thinking skills in mathematics learning with a qualitative approach. The research subject is the Director General of Teachers and Education Personnel, while the object is education that is liberating and pro-student. Data obtained from online and offline information sources is recorded in a structured manner, then analyzed to be synthesized into a systematic conceptual framework. Conclusions are drawn by taking the essence of the conceptual framework that can answer the research questions posed. The research method used is a case study with a focus on participatory observation, in-depth interviews and document analysis. Data was collected through literature study and analysis of learning materials. Data analysis was carried out using an inductive approach, by looking for patterns of findings and main concepts from the data collected.

Student perceptions are an important part of determining learning design, learning methods, and so on. The purpose of this research is to examine students' perceptions of Arabic language learning. The study was carried out descriptively using quantitative descriptive research methods. Survey techniques were chosen to obtain data from this research. The population was taken using a voluntary sampling technique consisting of students from the Islamic Economics and Finance study program at the Indonesian Education University who had taken or were currently taking Arabic language courses. The data obtained was analyzed using a descriptive statistical approach. Analysis using this approach was carried out to determine the frequency of respondents' answers and their percentages. The research results show that students' perceptions of Arabic language learning are relatively good. However, Arabic is considered a difficult subject.

Student perceptions are an important part of determining learning design, learning methods, and so on. The purpose of this research is to examine students' perceptions of Arabic language learning. The study was carried out descriptively using quantitative descriptive research methods. Survey techniques were chosen to obtain data from this research. The population was taken using a voluntary sampling technique consisting of students from the Islamic Economics and Finance study program at the Indonesian Education University who had taken or were currently taking Arabic language courses. The data obtained was analyzed using a descriptive statistical approach. Analysis using this approach was carried out to determine the frequency of respondents' answers and their percentages. The research results show that students' perceptions of Arabic language learning are relatively good. However, Arabic is considered a difficult subject.

There is a perception from the community towards the Mappadekko tradition which is believed to have an influence on the harvests of the Walenreng Village farming community. The problems in the research are considered important to  be carried out in order to find answers to the beliefs held by conducting a study regarding "The Influence of the Mappadekko Tradition on Community Harvest Results in Walenreng Village, Bone Regency. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of  the  Mappadekko  tradition  on  community harvests in Walenreng Village, Cina District, Bone Regency. This type of research uses ethnography. The instrument used was an interview guide. The data analysis techniques used are data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that this research program has been implemented well, namely that the majority of the planned research activities have been carried out well  with  good  results  achieved.  This  research produced six pieces of information, namely what the Mappadekko tradition is, the community's response to the Mappadekko tradition, when the Mappadekko tradition was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the Mappadekko tradition, incidents when the Mappadekko tradition was not carried out, and the influence ofthe Mappadekko tradition on the community's harvest.

There is a perception from the community towards the Mappadekko tradition which is believed to have an influence on the harvests of the Walenreng Village farming community. The problems in the research are considered important to  be carried out in order to find answers to the beliefs held by conducting a study regarding "The Influence of the Mappadekko Tradition on Community Harvest Results in Walenreng Village, Bone Regency. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of  the  Mappadekko  tradition  on  community harvests in Walenreng Village, Cina District, Bone Regency. This type of research uses ethnography. The instrument used was an interview guide. The data analysis techniques used are data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that this research program has been implemented well, namely that the majority of the planned research activities have been carried out well  with  good  results  achieved.  This  research produced six pieces of information, namely what the Mappadekko tradition is, the community's response to the Mappadekko tradition, when the Mappadekko tradition was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the Mappadekko tradition, incidents when the Mappadekko tradition was not carried out, and the influence ofthe Mappadekko tradition on the community's harvest.