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Education is a fundamental human need that plays a key role in shaping behavior and contributes to the development of a successful generation in Indonesia. However, during the learning process, teachers often encounter students who struggle to grasp the concepts being taught. This is due to the fact that each student brings unique characteristics and diverse backgrounds to the classroom. Teachers, therefore, must selec and develop various teaching materials that are suited to the individual needs of their students. The ability to tailor these materials effectively requires experience and knowledge in the development and selection of appropriate teaching tools for elementary schools. This study aims to assess the ability of elementary school teachers to manage differentiated learning, specifically through a literature review. The research will also identify how teachers approach the management of differentiated learning in the classroom and analyze the factors influencing their ability to implement this approach. By examining relevant literature, the study seeks to provide insight into the current capabilities of teachers and offer recommendations for improving the management of differentiated learning. The research employs a literature review method to gather data and draw conclusions about the best practices for managing differentiated learning in elementary school settings.

Education is a fundamental human need that plays a key role in shaping behavior and contributes to the development of a successful generation in Indonesia. However, during the learning process, teachers often encounter students who struggle to grasp the concepts being taught. This is due to the fact that each student brings unique characteristics and diverse backgrounds to the classroom. Teachers, therefore, must selec and develop various teaching materials that are suited to the individual needs of their students. The ability to tailor these materials effectively requires experience and knowledge in the development and selection of appropriate teaching tools for elementary schools. This study aims to assess the ability of elementary school teachers to manage differentiated learning, specifically through a literature review. The research will also identify how teachers approach the management of differentiated learning in the classroom and analyze the factors influencing their ability to implement this approach. By examining relevant literature, the study seeks to provide insight into the current capabilities of teachers and offer recommendations for improving the management of differentiated learning. The research employs a literature review method to gather data and draw conclusions about the best practices for managing differentiated learning in elementary school settings.

Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability (KPMM) is one of the essential skills that must be developed, as it trains students to formulate appropriate solution strategies, understand the meaning of each step, and cultivate systematic thinking habits. One of the tools that can be utilized to support the development of KPMM is the use of Student Worksheets (LKPD). Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using LKPD in improving students' KPMM; however, comprehensive reviews that specifically examine the effectiveness of LKPD based on educational level and the form of LKPD used are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and synthesize previous research findings on the effectiveness of LKPD in supporting students’ KPMM in terms of educational level and LKPD format through a meta-analysis method. The population and sample of this study consist of journal articles and national conference proceedings selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The results of the meta-analysis show that the use of LKPD has a very strong influence on enhancing students' KPMM, with an effect size of 2.123. Based on educational level, LKPD is proven to be more effective when used at the junior high school level (SMP) compared to the senior high school level (SMA), while in terms of format, digital LKPD is more effective than printed LKPD in supporting students' KPMM.

Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability (KPMM) is one of the essential skills that must be developed, as it trains students to formulate appropriate solution strategies, understand the meaning of each step, and cultivate systematic thinking habits. One of the tools that can be utilized to support the development of KPMM is the use of Student Worksheets (LKPD). Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using LKPD in improving students' KPMM; however, comprehensive reviews that specifically examine the effectiveness of LKPD based on educational level and the form of LKPD used are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and synthesize previous research findings on the effectiveness of LKPD in supporting students’ KPMM in terms of educational level and LKPD format through a meta-analysis method. The population and sample of this study consist of journal articles and national conference proceedings selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The results of the meta-analysis show that the use of LKPD has a very strong influence on enhancing students' KPMM, with an effect size of 2.123. Based on educational level, LKPD is proven to be more effective when used at the junior high school level (SMP) compared to the senior high school level (SMA), while in terms of format, digital LKPD is more effective than printed LKPD in supporting students' KPMM.

Tradition is a form of ancestral heritage that is still preserved today. Traditions are related to beliefs that have certain goals. The author researched the sea pethik tradition held in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency. The Sea Picking tradition is a tradition held by the fishing community of Muncar District on the 15th of the month of Muharram or the month of Sura. The Sea Picking Tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency has become a form of gratitude to God. God gives safety and sustenance, in the form of fish which are useful for the lives of the fishermen of the Muncar community. The aim of the author in conducting this research is several things, such as explaining the beginning, all the activities, tools and materials, the meaning of the tools and materials, the function and benefits of the Petik Laut tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency. The author conducted this research using qualitative research. Because qualitative data is data in the form of words, schemes and images.  In this research, the data method used is descriptive qualitative data. So that the data taken and processed from the data source is transformed into described qualitative data. The author uses folklore theory for research, namely folklore theory originating from Danandjaja (1984:1-2). Folklore theory is a number of cultures that are collective, spread and passed down from generation to generation, traditionally and have different versions. The data sources in this research come from interviews and observations. So as to produce research that is in accordance with the aim of carrying out research on the sea picking tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency.

Tradition is a form of ancestral heritage that is still preserved today. Traditions are related to beliefs that have certain goals. The author researched the sea pethik tradition held in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency. The Sea Picking tradition is a tradition held by the fishing community of Muncar District on the 15th of the month of Muharram or the month of Sura. The Sea Picking Tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency has become a form of gratitude to God. God gives safety and sustenance, in the form of fish which are useful for the lives of the fishermen of the Muncar community. The aim of the author in conducting this research is several things, such as explaining the beginning, all the activities, tools and materials, the meaning of the tools and materials, the function and benefits of the Petik Laut tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency. The author conducted this research using qualitative research. Because qualitative data is data in the form of words, schemes and images.  In this research, the data method used is descriptive qualitative data. So that the data taken and processed from the data source is transformed into described qualitative data. The author uses folklore theory for research, namely folklore theory originating from Danandjaja (1984:1-2). Folklore theory is a number of cultures that are collective, spread and passed down from generation to generation, traditionally and have different versions. The data sources in this research come from interviews and observations. So as to produce research that is in accordance with the aim of carrying out research on the sea picking tradition in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency.

This study aims to analyze the plot and point of view in the short story Percayakah Kau Padaku, a work that features deep psychological exploration and strong emotional conflict. Using a structuralist approach, this research evaluates how the non-linear plot and the choice of first-person perspective influence the reader's understanding of the characters and the main themes, namely trust and betrayal. The complex plot, with shifts between the past and present, creates tension and adds depth to the protagonist's inner journey. On the other hand, the first-person perspective allows the reader to directly experience the psychological dilemmas faced by the character, enriching the understanding of the internal conflict. Through this analysis, it can be concluded that the plot and point of view serve as tools to deepen the characters, strengthen the themes of the story, and provide a more intense reading experience. This study also offers suggestions for further story development by enriching the supporting characters and clarifying the time transitions in the plot.

This study aims to analyze the plot and point of view in the short story Percayakah Kau Padaku, a work that features deep psychological exploration and strong emotional conflict. Using a structuralist approach, this research evaluates how the non-linear plot and the choice of first-person perspective influence the reader's understanding of the characters and the main themes, namely trust and betrayal. The complex plot, with shifts between the past and present, creates tension and adds depth to the protagonist's inner journey. On the other hand, the first-person perspective allows the reader to directly experience the psychological dilemmas faced by the character, enriching the understanding of the internal conflict. Through this analysis, it can be concluded that the plot and point of view serve as tools to deepen the characters, strengthen the themes of the story, and provide a more intense reading experience. This study also offers suggestions for further story development by enriching the supporting characters and clarifying the time transitions in the plot.

One of the tools that can help students learn better is learning media. This study aims to determine how the use of learning media affects students' mathematics learning outcomes. The data used in this research were collected from relevant journals. This study employed the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Researchers utilized the Google Scholar database and the Publish or Perish application to gather nationally accredited journal articles from Sinta 1 to 4. The results indicate that the use of learning media in mathematics instruction has a significant impact on students' interest, motivation, and learning outcomes.

One of the tools that can help students learn better is learning media. This study aims to determine how the use of learning media affects students' mathematics learning outcomes. The data used in this research were collected from relevant journals. This study employed the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Researchers utilized the Google Scholar database and the Publish or Perish application to gather nationally accredited journal articles from Sinta 1 to 4. The results indicate that the use of learning media in mathematics instruction has a significant impact on students' interest, motivation, and learning outcomes.

The role of appraisal orientation and work performance appraisal systems in human resource management is very important to motivate employees and achieve company goals. This article uses a qualitative approach with case studies to explore employee performance and working conditions. The research results show that integration between appraisal orientation and a work performance appraisal system that is tailored to the company's needs can support organizational growth and increase employee motivation. Appraisals and work performance appraisal systems are recognized as effective tools in creating excellence for companies by directing the achievement of organizational goals and improving employee performance. In this context, this research highlights the importance of using relevant and transparent evaluation methods to ensure fairness in employee appraisals. Therefore, implementing good work performance appraisals also involves open communication between management and employees, as well as providing constructive feedback. Thus, this article emphasizes that job performance appraisal is not only an evaluation tool, but also a strategic instrument for building a work culture that supports employee growth and development as well as overall organizational success.

The role of appraisal orientation and work performance appraisal systems in human resource management is very important to motivate employees and achieve company goals. This article uses a qualitative approach with case studies to explore employee performance and working conditions. The research results show that integration between appraisal orientation and a work performance appraisal system that is tailored to the company's needs can support organizational growth and increase employee motivation. Appraisals and work performance appraisal systems are recognized as effective tools in creating excellence for companies by directing the achievement of organizational goals and improving employee performance. In this context, this research highlights the importance of using relevant and transparent evaluation methods to ensure fairness in employee appraisals. Therefore, implementing good work performance appraisals also involves open communication between management and employees, as well as providing constructive feedback. Thus, this article emphasizes that job performance appraisal is not only an evaluation tool, but also a strategic instrument for building a work culture that supports employee growth and development as well as overall organizational success.

German language learning in High School (SMA) holds significant importance in the current era of globalization. The complexity of German grammar, including gendered nouns and article usage, demands innovative approaches in the learning process. This research explores innovative learning methods, focusing on the implementation of Game Based Learning (GBL) and the teaching of Nomen materials, to enhance the effectiveness of German language learning in SMA. The primary goal is to increase student participation and equip them with strong communication skills in German. Research findings indicate that integrating innovative learning methods, such as GBL, can serve as effective tools in achieving improved German language learning outcomes in SMA.

German language learning in High School (SMA) holds significant importance in the current era of globalization. The complexity of German grammar, including gendered nouns and article usage, demands innovative approaches in the learning process. This research explores innovative learning methods, focusing on the implementation of Game Based Learning (GBL) and the teaching of Nomen materials, to enhance the effectiveness of German language learning in SMA. The primary goal is to increase student participation and equip them with strong communication skills in German. Research findings indicate that integrating innovative learning methods, such as GBL, can serve as effective tools in achieving improved German language learning outcomes in SMA.

The purpose of this research is to find out the role and influence of technology in the world of education. This research method is a qualitative research using library research methodology. Technology in education is a system used to guide teaching so that the desired results can be achieved. There is always a growing gap between the progress of education and technology and the progress of mankind. In the process, educational technology requires several components, such as tools and components used to collect information, analyze it, and solve problems that may arise. The benefits include adding information, increasing learning capacity, and simplifying the learning process of this technology.

The purpose of this research is to find out the role and influence of technology in the world of education. This research method is a qualitative research using library research methodology. Technology in education is a system used to guide teaching so that the desired results can be achieved. There is always a growing gap between the progress of education and technology and the progress of mankind. In the process, educational technology requires several components, such as tools and components used to collect information, analyze it, and solve problems that may arise. The benefits include adding information, increasing learning capacity, and simplifying the learning process of this technology.

The title of this thesis is Profile of Study Habits of Class VII A Students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The problems in this study are: 1) What is the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year? 2) What are the implications of the study habit profile of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year for the tutoring program? The purpose of the study was to find out: 1) Profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, 2) Implications of the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, for the tutoring program. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires of student study habits. The population and sample of this study are 26 students of grade VII A SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year. The data analysis technique used is central trend analysis. The results of the analysis of research data showed that the average study habits of 140.9730 students were in the range of 120-155 scores, classified as high. It can be interpreted that grade VII A students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year have good study habits. This can be seen through student attitudes, namely making study schedules and their implementation, reading and taking notes, completing assignments, how to follow lessons, how to study groups, how to study independently at home. Based on the results of this study, researchers provide advice to: 1) Head Schools are expected to maintain and improve cooperation with BK teachers, facilitate and support all tutoring program designs in schools to be carried out properly in order to maintain good student learning habits. 2) Guidance Teachers Guidance counselors are expected to design and develop tutoring programs to maintain good student study habits. 3) Students are expected to actively utilize tutoring activities carried out by BK teachers to maintain good student study habits.

The title of this thesis is Profile of Study Habits of Class VII A Students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The problems in this study are: 1) What is the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year? 2) What are the implications of the study habit profile of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year for the tutoring program? The purpose of the study was to find out: 1) Profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, 2) Implications of the profile of study habits of grade VIIA students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year, for the tutoring program. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires of student study habits. The population and sample of this study are 26 students of grade VII A SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year. The data analysis technique used is central trend analysis. The results of the analysis of research data showed that the average study habits of 140.9730 students were in the range of 120-155 scores, classified as high. It can be interpreted that grade VII A students of SMPK Sancta Familia Kupang for the 2022/2023 academic year have good study habits. This can be seen through student attitudes, namely making study schedules and their implementation, reading and taking notes, completing assignments, how to follow lessons, how to study groups, how to study independently at home. Based on the results of this study, researchers provide advice to: 1) Head Schools are expected to maintain and improve cooperation with BK teachers, facilitate and support all tutoring program designs in schools to be carried out properly in order to maintain good student learning habits. 2) Guidance Teachers Guidance counselors are expected to design and develop tutoring programs to maintain good student study habits. 3) Students are expected to actively utilize tutoring activities carried out by BK teachers to maintain good student study habits.

Literary works are depictions of the reality of life which are used as tools to express imagination and thoughts around them. In this research, the author aims to reveal the character values ​​contained in the short story entitled "Sacred Tree" by Yus R. Ismail and then relate them to real life. In his research, the author used a qualitative descriptive method, which in the process displays the data as it is without manipulation or other treatments. The aim of this research is to present a complete picture of an event or is intended to expose and clarify a phenomenon that occurs. The steps for collecting data in the short story "Sacred Tree" are by (1) reading the short story intensively, then (2) analyzing the character values ​​and (3) presenting the data. Apart from using qualitative descriptive methods, the author also uses a mimetic approach, namely research that connects the content of literary works and real life. In this short story the author finds character and moral values ​​depicted in each character, as well as a real storyline that occurs in life. A difference of opinion which then becomes the cause of a dispute, but can be resolved by a figure who has a wise nature. Then the policy leads to changes that cause regret in the future. And the moral value presented in this short story is not to force change on a group or person if we cannot be responsible for the change. This short story by Yus R. Ismail is a simple short story that describes real life clearly without engineering and contains several useful lessons for the reader.

Literary works are depictions of the reality of life which are used as tools to express imagination and thoughts around them. In this research, the author aims to reveal the character values ​​contained in the short story entitled "Sacred Tree" by Yus R. Ismail and then relate them to real life. In his research, the author used a qualitative descriptive method, which in the process displays the data as it is without manipulation or other treatments. The aim of this research is to present a complete picture of an event or is intended to expose and clarify a phenomenon that occurs. The steps for collecting data in the short story "Sacred Tree" are by (1) reading the short story intensively, then (2) analyzing the character values ​​and (3) presenting the data. Apart from using qualitative descriptive methods, the author also uses a mimetic approach, namely research that connects the content of literary works and real life. In this short story the author finds character and moral values ​​depicted in each character, as well as a real storyline that occurs in life. A difference of opinion which then becomes the cause of a dispute, but can be resolved by a figure who has a wise nature. Then the policy leads to changes that cause regret in the future. And the moral value presented in this short story is not to force change on a group or person if we cannot be responsible for the change. This short story by Yus R. Ismail is a simple short story that describes real life clearly without engineering and contains several useful lessons for the reader.