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Beginner students often face difficulties in academic writing, such as organizing ideas, choosing correct grammar, and expressing information in their own words. Because of this, many students use QuillBot as a writing support tool. This study aims to understand how QuillBot helps beginner writers become more independent in academic writing. The research used a mixed-method approach with 30 students from the English Language and Literature Department at the State University of Medan, with data collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire and open-ended reflections. The findings show that more than 70% of the students use QuillBot frequently in their writing tasks. Most students said that QuillBot helps improve grammar accuracy, sentence clarity, and paraphrasing skills, and also increases their confidence in writing. The summarizing feature also helps students identify and restate main ideas. However, 59% of the students noted that using QuillBot too much may reduce creativity and lead to dependency. The study concludes that QuillBot is helpful as a supporting tool for writing, but it should be used in balance. Students still need to practice writing independently so they can develop their own writing style and confidence.

Beginner students often face difficulties in academic writing, such as organizing ideas, choosing correct grammar, and expressing information in their own words. Because of this, many students use QuillBot as a writing support tool. This study aims to understand how QuillBot helps beginner writers become more independent in academic writing. The research used a mixed-method approach with 30 students from the English Language and Literature Department at the State University of Medan, with data collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire and open-ended reflections. The findings show that more than 70% of the students use QuillBot frequently in their writing tasks. Most students said that QuillBot helps improve grammar accuracy, sentence clarity, and paraphrasing skills, and also increases their confidence in writing. The summarizing feature also helps students identify and restate main ideas. However, 59% of the students noted that using QuillBot too much may reduce creativity and lead to dependency. The study concludes that QuillBot is helpful as a supporting tool for writing, but it should be used in balance. Students still need to practice writing independently so they can develop their own writing style and confidence.

Digital transformation in higher education has reshaped learning patterns and students’ academic practices, including how they manage and complete academic tasks. On the one hand, digital learning offers flexibility and easy access to learning resources; on the other hand, it has intensified tendencies toward academic task procrastination. This study aims to analyze students’ academic task procrastination as a socially constructed reality within the context of digital learning. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a case study design conducted at IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with students and lecturers and analyzed using Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s social construction theory, encompassing the processes of externalization, objectivation, and internalization. The findings indicate that task procrastination is externalized through flexible learning schedules, digital media distractions, fatigue with instructional methods, and academic pressure. These practices are subsequently objectivated through students’ collective experiences and social relations with lecturers, leading them to be perceived as normative behavior in digital learning. Furthermore, task procrastination is internalized as a habit and an adaptive, taken-for-granted strategy within students’ learning rhythms. This study affirms that academic task procrastination cannot be reduced to an individual problem alone; rather, it emerges from the complex interaction between technological structures, pedagogical practices, and academic social dynamics. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more reflective and contextual digital learning policies and strategies.

Digital transformation in higher education has reshaped learning patterns and students’ academic practices, including how they manage and complete academic tasks. On the one hand, digital learning offers flexibility and easy access to learning resources; on the other hand, it has intensified tendencies toward academic task procrastination. This study aims to analyze students’ academic task procrastination as a socially constructed reality within the context of digital learning. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a case study design conducted at IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with students and lecturers and analyzed using Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s social construction theory, encompassing the processes of externalization, objectivation, and internalization. The findings indicate that task procrastination is externalized through flexible learning schedules, digital media distractions, fatigue with instructional methods, and academic pressure. These practices are subsequently objectivated through students’ collective experiences and social relations with lecturers, leading them to be perceived as normative behavior in digital learning. Furthermore, task procrastination is internalized as a habit and an adaptive, taken-for-granted strategy within students’ learning rhythms. This study affirms that academic task procrastination cannot be reduced to an individual problem alone; rather, it emerges from the complex interaction between technological structures, pedagogical practices, and academic social dynamics. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more reflective and contextual digital learning policies and strategies.

Code-switching and code-mixing are linguistic phenomena that reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of Indonesian society, particularly within literary works. This study aims to analyze how elements of the Javanese language are employed through these phenomena in the novel Soedirman dan Alfiyah by E. Rokajat Asura. Using a literature review method, the study examines relevant theories and previous research on the use of regional languages, specifically Javanese, in literature. The findings reveal that both code-switching and code-mixing enrich character expression, serve as markers of cultural identity, convey emotional depth, and enhance the social messages embedded in the narrative. Visual markers such as italicized text are utilized to distinguish linguistic shifts, although inconsistencies in their application are noted. This research highlights the importance of preserving regional languages in literary works and emphasizes the need for consistent typographical presentation to improve readability and linguistic awareness among readers.

Code-switching and code-mixing are linguistic phenomena that reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of Indonesian society, particularly within literary works. This study aims to analyze how elements of the Javanese language are employed through these phenomena in the novel Soedirman dan Alfiyah by E. Rokajat Asura. Using a literature review method, the study examines relevant theories and previous research on the use of regional languages, specifically Javanese, in literature. The findings reveal that both code-switching and code-mixing enrich character expression, serve as markers of cultural identity, convey emotional depth, and enhance the social messages embedded in the narrative. Visual markers such as italicized text are utilized to distinguish linguistic shifts, although inconsistencies in their application are noted. This research highlights the importance of preserving regional languages in literary works and emphasizes the need for consistent typographical presentation to improve readability and linguistic awareness among readers.

Adaptive approach is an intervention strategy that places the unique needs of each child with mild autism as the center of attention, so that learning and therapy methods are flexibly adjusted to individual characteristics and abilities. This literature review examines how adaptive approach can increase the independence of children with mild autism through the active role of parents and the implementation of structured daily activities. Parents act as the main partners in the learning process, not only providing emotional support, but also becoming facilitators who help children apply the skills learned at school into everyday life at home. Structured daily activities provide clear and consistent routines, helping children understand and anticipate activities, thereby reducing anxiety and increasing focus in carrying out tasks. Stimulus-response techniques are an effective method in developing children's adaptive behavior, with positive reinforcement that motivates children to continue learning and repeating independent behavior. Close collaboration between teachers, therapists, and parents creates an adaptive and consistent learning environment, which allows children to develop independence gradually and sustainably. This study confirms that holistic interventions involving full support from parents and the implementation of structured daily activities are the keys to success in increasing the independence of children with mild autism.

Adaptive approach is an intervention strategy that places the unique needs of each child with mild autism as the center of attention, so that learning and therapy methods are flexibly adjusted to individual characteristics and abilities. This literature review examines how adaptive approach can increase the independence of children with mild autism through the active role of parents and the implementation of structured daily activities. Parents act as the main partners in the learning process, not only providing emotional support, but also becoming facilitators who help children apply the skills learned at school into everyday life at home. Structured daily activities provide clear and consistent routines, helping children understand and anticipate activities, thereby reducing anxiety and increasing focus in carrying out tasks. Stimulus-response techniques are an effective method in developing children's adaptive behavior, with positive reinforcement that motivates children to continue learning and repeating independent behavior. Close collaboration between teachers, therapists, and parents creates an adaptive and consistent learning environment, which allows children to develop independence gradually and sustainably. This study confirms that holistic interventions involving full support from parents and the implementation of structured daily activities are the keys to success in increasing the independence of children with mild autism.

This study aims to analyze the power of sentence structures in constructing conflict narratives in news reports about a foreign national (WNA) causing a disturbance in Kalibata City. Through a syntactic analysis approach, this research examines how sentence structures, lexical choices, and information hierarchies influence public perception of the incident. The data is analyzed using modern syntactic theory and critical discourse analysis, referencing the works of Fairclough (2020) and Halliday (2021), which emphasize the relationship between language structures and media power. The findings reveal that the use of passive constructions, subordinate clauses, and repetition of conflict-related elements intensify the dramatization and tension within the narrative. Thus, syntactic power in news texts does not merely convey information but also constructs a social perception of the reported conflict. These findings contribute to critical linguistic studies and media literacy.

This study aims to analyze the power of sentence structures in constructing conflict narratives in news reports about a foreign national (WNA) causing a disturbance in Kalibata City. Through a syntactic analysis approach, this research examines how sentence structures, lexical choices, and information hierarchies influence public perception of the incident. The data is analyzed using modern syntactic theory and critical discourse analysis, referencing the works of Fairclough (2020) and Halliday (2021), which emphasize the relationship between language structures and media power. The findings reveal that the use of passive constructions, subordinate clauses, and repetition of conflict-related elements intensify the dramatization and tension within the narrative. Thus, syntactic power in news texts does not merely convey information but also constructs a social perception of the reported conflict. These findings contribute to critical linguistic studies and media literacy.

The purpose of this study was to illuminate how students understand various types of sentences, especially single sentences, compound sentences, and compound sentences, and to develop and implement flipbooks as a learning aid in grade V of SD Negeri 12 Kota Langsa. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation to collect data. The results showed that conventional learning methods and the lack of interactive media caused most students to still have difficulty in distinguishing the structure and use of sentence types. There is evidence that the use of visual and interactive flipbook media can improve students' understanding and encourage them to actively participate in the learning process. Flipbooks are able to create a more interesting and meaningful learning environment, despite technical constraints such as limited digital devices. This study found that flipbooks are an effective alternative for teaching Indonesian to elementary school students by improving their language skills.

The purpose of this study was to illuminate how students understand various types of sentences, especially single sentences, compound sentences, and compound sentences, and to develop and implement flipbooks as a learning aid in grade V of SD Negeri 12 Kota Langsa. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation to collect data. The results showed that conventional learning methods and the lack of interactive media caused most students to still have difficulty in distinguishing the structure and use of sentence types. There is evidence that the use of visual and interactive flipbook media can improve students' understanding and encourage them to actively participate in the learning process. Flipbooks are able to create a more interesting and meaningful learning environment, despite technical constraints such as limited digital devices. This study found that flipbooks are an effective alternative for teaching Indonesian to elementary school students by improving their language skills.

Education is the main foundation for the progress of society and individuals, Basic education is very important to build students' knowledge and skills, especially in the field of science. Conventional methods, such as the use of illustrations and textbooks, are often not interesting and interactive. Digital technology presents new opportunities in learning innovation, including by utilizing augmented reality (AR). This study aims to analyze and evaluate the use of interactive media based on augmented reality (AR) in learning the topic of animal classification based on their type of food. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various scientific sources, including journals, articles, and relevant research reports in the last five years. AR-based interactive media offers an innovative and immersive learning experience, allowing students to interact directly with virtual objects in the form of three-dimensional (3D) visualizations. The results of the study show that the use of AR can improve students' understanding of the material, increase engagement in learning, and provide a more interesting and contextual learning experience. In addition, AR media is considered effective in helping students identify animal characteristics based on eating habits, such as herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. This study concludes that the integration of AR in science learning at the elementary school level has great potential to improve learning effectiveness.

Education is the main foundation for the progress of society and individuals, Basic education is very important to build students' knowledge and skills, especially in the field of science. Conventional methods, such as the use of illustrations and textbooks, are often not interesting and interactive. Digital technology presents new opportunities in learning innovation, including by utilizing augmented reality (AR). This study aims to analyze and evaluate the use of interactive media based on augmented reality (AR) in learning the topic of animal classification based on their type of food. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various scientific sources, including journals, articles, and relevant research reports in the last five years. AR-based interactive media offers an innovative and immersive learning experience, allowing students to interact directly with virtual objects in the form of three-dimensional (3D) visualizations. The results of the study show that the use of AR can improve students' understanding of the material, increase engagement in learning, and provide a more interesting and contextual learning experience. In addition, AR media is considered effective in helping students identify animal characteristics based on eating habits, such as herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. This study concludes that the integration of AR in science learning at the elementary school level has great potential to improve learning effectiveness.

The purpose of this study is to look at the morphology of affixation on vocabulary in Almaira's noveltoon ‘Behind Aisha's Veil’, especially in the third chapter with the theme ‘Love?’. The method used is qualitative. The data were collected through literature research and descriptive analysis that experienced affixation. This study found that the novel uses affixation, a linguistic process that involves adding affixes to the base form to produce new meanings. The study found that the use of affixes in the novel not only improves character descriptions but also increases the emotional depth of the story. The analysis results show that morphology plays an important role in shaping the meaning and characters in the story. It also shows that morphology reflects the social and cultural dynamics that women face in modern society. It is hoped that this research will enhance our understanding of how morphology is used in modern literary works.

The purpose of this study is to look at the morphology of affixation on vocabulary in Almaira's noveltoon ‘Behind Aisha's Veil’, especially in the third chapter with the theme ‘Love?’. The method used is qualitative. The data were collected through literature research and descriptive analysis that experienced affixation. This study found that the novel uses affixation, a linguistic process that involves adding affixes to the base form to produce new meanings. The study found that the use of affixes in the novel not only improves character descriptions but also increases the emotional depth of the story. The analysis results show that morphology plays an important role in shaping the meaning and characters in the story. It also shows that morphology reflects the social and cultural dynamics that women face in modern society. It is hoped that this research will enhance our understanding of how morphology is used in modern literary works.

This literature study examines the influence of pedagogical competence on the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Indonesia. The teacher's effort in carrying out a task well, a teacher or lecturer must have high pedagogical competence in order to achieve educational goals. Teaching and learning process activities can be designed well if there are already educational goals, learning content, learning methods, learning media, and other educational elements, as well as a good relationship between students and teachers. This research applies literature by deciphering from various aligned academic sources. Research results show that teachers or educators really need pedagogical competence to develop student learning experience and streamline the learning process at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

This literature study examines the influence of pedagogical competence on the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Indonesia. The teacher's effort in carrying out a task well, a teacher or lecturer must have high pedagogical competence in order to achieve educational goals. Teaching and learning process activities can be designed well if there are already educational goals, learning content, learning methods, learning media, and other educational elements, as well as a good relationship between students and teachers. This research applies literature by deciphering from various aligned academic sources. Research results show that teachers or educators really need pedagogical competence to develop student learning experience and streamline the learning process at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

The background of this research is students’ mistakes in writing review texts based on linguistic level studies. This research analyzes the fields of phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax in the review text of the film entitled Alive. This research aims to obtain results of language analysis errors in grade 8 students at Shuffah Al-Jamaah Tasikmalaya Middle School. The research method uses analytical descriptive research. The sample selection method in this study used a simple random sampling method. The data collection method used is (1) accumulating the results of students’ review texts at school as a data source, (2) reading carefully all data sources, (3) marking and assigning classification codes to the data, (4) classifying data based on the form of error. Language use, (5) presenting and describing data based on forms of language use errors. The instrument used is data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, the most dominant errors that emerged were errors in the field of phonology, namely the omission of phonemes. Apart from that, it is also often found in the field of morphology regarding reduplication, namely the use of the word repeat with a square sign. The deletion of phonemes and incorrect reduplication of writing occurs, which is done by students to shorten the writing of a word so that the writing process can be completed more quickly without paying attention to good and correct linguistic rules. Students need to concentrate and be more careful in the process of writing activities. Apart from that, teachers also need to provide direction in the form of knowledge and insight regarding the basics of good and correct linguistics to minimize the occurrence of language mistakes and mistakes.

The background of this research is students’ mistakes in writing review texts based on linguistic level studies. This research analyzes the fields of phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax in the review text of the film entitled Alive. This research aims to obtain results of language analysis errors in grade 8 students at Shuffah Al-Jamaah Tasikmalaya Middle School. The research method uses analytical descriptive research. The sample selection method in this study used a simple random sampling method. The data collection method used is (1) accumulating the results of students’ review texts at school as a data source, (2) reading carefully all data sources, (3) marking and assigning classification codes to the data, (4) classifying data based on the form of error. Language use, (5) presenting and describing data based on forms of language use errors. The instrument used is data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, the most dominant errors that emerged were errors in the field of phonology, namely the omission of phonemes. Apart from that, it is also often found in the field of morphology regarding reduplication, namely the use of the word repeat with a square sign. The deletion of phonemes and incorrect reduplication of writing occurs, which is done by students to shorten the writing of a word so that the writing process can be completed more quickly without paying attention to good and correct linguistic rules. Students need to concentrate and be more careful in the process of writing activities. Apart from that, teachers also need to provide direction in the form of knowledge and insight regarding the basics of good and correct linguistics to minimize the occurrence of language mistakes and mistakes.