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This qualitative study investigates the effectiveness of the Duolingo English app in enhancing English learning motivation among 11th-grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Sawan. Motivation in language learning is a critical factor influencing proficiency and engagement. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this research explores how the app influences students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation levels. Findings reveal that DuoLingo positively impacts motivation through its interactive features and gamified learning approach, fostering a more engaging and enjoyable learning environment. Educational implications and recommendations for integrating such technology into language classrooms are discussed.

Teaching writing is not easy. Teacher needs to think the appropriate and effective medium that will be able to attract the students’ interest. Due to this case, an animated video was chosen as a medium to facilitate students' learning process to be more interactive and attract students' interest for composing, particularly to write Descriptive Texts. The research explored the use animated videos to teach descriptive text in grade seventh academic year 2023/2024 at MTsN 6 Tulungagung. The type of experiment utilized is a Quantitative with Pre-Experiment Designs. The sample consisted of 31 students as control group. There are three steps conducting this research: pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The expert formed the validation of the questions. Based of the data analysis results, the pre-experimental class’s mean scores 76.35 and 86.32 in the post-test. Researchers found that the score of Sig. (2-Tailed) is 0.001 less than 0.05, therefore H0 is denied by acceptance of Ha. So in this case it was concluded that the differences in the analysis of the mean between the results of the pre and post-test meant that there were effects of using the animated video as the medium of learning in writing Descriptive Text in class VII in the 2023/2024 school year at MTsN 6 Tulungagung.

Teaching writing is not easy. Teacher needs to think the appropriate and effective medium that will be able to attract the students’ interest. Due to this case, an animated video was chosen as a medium to facilitate students' learning process to be more interactive and attract students' interest for composing, particularly to write Descriptive Texts. The research explored the use animated videos to teach descriptive text in grade seventh academic year 2023/2024 at MTsN 6 Tulungagung. The type of experiment utilized is a Quantitative with Pre-Experiment Designs. The sample consisted of 31 students as control group. There are three steps conducting this research: pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The expert formed the validation of the questions. Based of the data analysis results, the pre-experimental class’s mean scores 76.35 and 86.32 in the post-test. Researchers found that the score of Sig. (2-Tailed) is 0.001 less than 0.05, therefore H0 is denied by acceptance of Ha. So in this case it was concluded that the differences in the analysis of the mean between the results of the pre and post-test meant that there were effects of using the animated video as the medium of learning in writing Descriptive Text in class VII in the 2023/2024 school year at MTsN 6 Tulungagung.

This qualitative study investigates the effectiveness of the Duolingo English app in enhancing English learning motivation among 11th-grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Sawan. Motivation in language learning is a critical factor influencing proficiency and engagement. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this research explores how the app influences students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation levels. Findings reveal that DuoLingo positively impacts motivation through its interactive features and gamified learning approach, fostering a more engaging and enjoyable learning environment. Educational implications and recommendations for integrating such technology into language classrooms are discussed.

The maintenance of education must be tailored to the needs and interests of students so that they learn something that interests them. Therefore, today's educational systems focus educational objectives and processes on the child's factor and can foster freedom of interests and needs. This makes the Social Science subjects taught in primary school must be based on the needs and interests of the child about the environment in which he lives. Basically, the subject of Social Science must be taught with a full sense of responsibility to the student, because it is very closely related to the people and the environment where humans live and carry out the activities to meet their needs. This makes the role of the teacher not only as a teacher but also as a guide and at the same time as an administrator. The personal teacher as a unit also determines the learning result given. Therefore, the component of the teaching situation, the correct delivery method and the media used also determine the learning outcome.Thus it can be concluded, that learning will be successful when considering many interrelated teaching components. These components can be grouped into three main categories, namely: first, the teacher, second, the subject matter, and third, the student. The interaction between the three main components involves the means and objects, methods, media and setting up of the learning environment so that a learning situation is created that enables the achievement of a previously planned goal.

The maintenance of education must be tailored to the needs and interests of students so that they learn something that interests them. Therefore, today's educational systems focus educational objectives and processes on the child's factor and can foster freedom of interests and needs. This makes the Social Science subjects taught in primary school must be based on the needs and interests of the child about the environment in which he lives. Basically, the subject of Social Science must be taught with a full sense of responsibility to the student, because it is very closely related to the people and the environment where humans live and carry out the activities to meet their needs. This makes the role of the teacher not only as a teacher but also as a guide and at the same time as an administrator. The personal teacher as a unit also determines the learning result given. Therefore, the component of the teaching situation, the correct delivery method and the media used also determine the learning outcome.Thus it can be concluded, that learning will be successful when considering many interrelated teaching components. These components can be grouped into three main categories, namely: first, the teacher, second, the subject matter, and third, the student. The interaction between the three main components involves the means and objects, methods, media and setting up of the learning environment so that a learning situation is created that enables the achievement of a previously planned goal.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual media, specifically flashcards, in enhancing the vocabulary of first-grade students at SDN Wonorejo 3 Surabaya. This topic was chosen due to the importance of vocabulary development in language learning and the need for innovative teaching methods. The research method involved a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, collecting data through pretests and posttests on 30 students. The results showed a significant increase in students' vocabulary scores after using flashcards, with the average pretest score of 59.87 rising to 84.47 in the posttest. These findings confirm that flashcards are an effective learning medium for improving students' vocabulary. The conclusion of this study is that the use of visual media like flashcards can significantly enhance vocabulary comprehension, supporting the development of students' communication skills.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual media, specifically flashcards, in enhancing the vocabulary of first-grade students at SDN Wonorejo 3 Surabaya. This topic was chosen due to the importance of vocabulary development in language learning and the need for innovative teaching methods. The research method involved a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design, collecting data through pretests and posttests on 30 students. The results showed a significant increase in students' vocabulary scores after using flashcards, with the average pretest score of 59.87 rising to 84.47 in the posttest. These findings confirm that flashcards are an effective learning medium for improving students' vocabulary. The conclusion of this study is that the use of visual media like flashcards can significantly enhance vocabulary comprehension, supporting the development of students' communication skills.

German language learning in High School (SMA) holds significant importance in the current era of globalization. The complexity of German grammar, including gendered nouns and article usage, demands innovative approaches in the learning process. This research explores innovative learning methods, focusing on the implementation of Game Based Learning (GBL) and the teaching of Nomen materials, to enhance the effectiveness of German language learning in SMA. The primary goal is to increase student participation and equip them with strong communication skills in German. Research findings indicate that integrating innovative learning methods, such as GBL, can serve as effective tools in achieving improved German language learning outcomes in SMA.

German language learning in High School (SMA) holds significant importance in the current era of globalization. The complexity of German grammar, including gendered nouns and article usage, demands innovative approaches in the learning process. This research explores innovative learning methods, focusing on the implementation of Game Based Learning (GBL) and the teaching of Nomen materials, to enhance the effectiveness of German language learning in SMA. The primary goal is to increase student participation and equip them with strong communication skills in German. Research findings indicate that integrating innovative learning methods, such as GBL, can serve as effective tools in achieving improved German language learning outcomes in SMA.

This research examines the optimization of brain plasticity in Arabic language learning through a neurolinguistic approach, using a literature review method. Brain plasticity, the brain's ability to adapt and change through learning and experiences, plays a crucial role in language acquisition. Neurolinguistic approaches, which integrate techniques such as task-based learning and the use of educational technology, have proven effective in enhancing language learning outcomes. Literature analysis indicates that learning techniques involving various sensory modalities and educational technology can stimulate new neural pathways, strengthening language comprehension and memory. Studies focused on Arabic language learning highlight that traditional approaches are less effective compared to more interactive and communicative methods. The use of technology such as mobile applications and augmented reality provides a dynamic and engaging learning experience for students. Practical recommendations include developing more interactive curricula, utilizing educational technology, and training educators in neurolinguistic techniques. This research emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to enhance the effectiveness of Arabic language learning, providing insights and strategies to optimize language learning through a better understanding of brain plasticity and neurolinguistics.

This research examines the optimization of brain plasticity in Arabic language learning through a neurolinguistic approach, using a literature review method. Brain plasticity, the brain's ability to adapt and change through learning and experiences, plays a crucial role in language acquisition. Neurolinguistic approaches, which integrate techniques such as task-based learning and the use of educational technology, have proven effective in enhancing language learning outcomes. Literature analysis indicates that learning techniques involving various sensory modalities and educational technology can stimulate new neural pathways, strengthening language comprehension and memory. Studies focused on Arabic language learning highlight that traditional approaches are less effective compared to more interactive and communicative methods. The use of technology such as mobile applications and augmented reality provides a dynamic and engaging learning experience for students. Practical recommendations include developing more interactive curricula, utilizing educational technology, and training educators in neurolinguistic techniques. This research emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to enhance the effectiveness of Arabic language learning, providing insights and strategies to optimize language learning through a better understanding of brain plasticity and neurolinguistics.

Language is an important skill that must be learned to be able to do daily activities and adapt to the environment. Visually impaired children are not exempt from this problem, considering that technology in this century is essential and everywhere due to its convenience to use and the usage of technology that simplifies activities. Activities that are being done include learning. It is important for individuals who will later interact and teach children who have visual impairments, to keep up with news about the effectiveness of learning, one of which is knowing the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children. This article is made using the systematic literature review research method to find out the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children, what technology can be used for language learning for visually impaired children, and its effectiveness in learning. The technology that has the ability to read PDF text, convert sounds in various languages, convert visual information into audio, and learn through audio greatly facilitates the learning of blind children, whether it is language learning or learning in general. Technology that facilitates blind learning has a good effect in general on the visually impaired children, such as the building of self-confidence for the visually impaired children due to the increased ability of the visually impaired children to learn to identify their environment, the ability to be independent, less dependence on others, and increased communication skills due to language learning that becomes more accessible.

Language is an important skill that must be learned to be able to do daily activities and adapt to the environment. Visually impaired children are not exempt from this problem, considering that technology in this century is essential and everywhere due to its convenience to use and the usage of technology that simplifies activities. Activities that are being done include learning. It is important for individuals who will later interact and teach children who have visual impairments, to keep up with news about the effectiveness of learning, one of which is knowing the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children. This article is made using the systematic literature review research method to find out the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children, what technology can be used for language learning for visually impaired children, and its effectiveness in learning. The technology that has the ability to read PDF text, convert sounds in various languages, convert visual information into audio, and learn through audio greatly facilitates the learning of blind children, whether it is language learning or learning in general. Technology that facilitates blind learning has a good effect in general on the visually impaired children, such as the building of self-confidence for the visually impaired children due to the increased ability of the visually impaired children to learn to identify their environment, the ability to be independent, less dependence on others, and increased communication skills due to language learning that becomes more accessible.

Currently, many learning videos are available on various social media platforms. It is hoped that each video will achieve existing learning objectives and enable students to understand and implement the results of their learning activities well.  This research aims to examine and explain the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts found in several learning videos and evaluate whether the speech acts in these videos support the development of Indonesian language literacy and speaking skills in giving speeches.  Illocutionary speech acts relate to the power effect obtained by the audience of an utterance uttered by the speaker.  This research article uses a theoretical approach, namely a pragmatic approach with an analysis of the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts.  In this research, qualitative descriptive methods were used to analyze related data.  Data was obtained from six speech learning videos on the YouTube channel, and the data collection technique involved proficient free-involved listening (SBLC) and note-taking techniques.  Researchers watched videos about learning speech texts on the Literacy for Indonesia YouTube Channel, then took notes and recorded utterances that contained illocutionary utterances.  The data analysis technique uses matching and high techniques to study the form and type of illocutionary speech.  From the data analysis that has been carried out, it was found that there are assertive utterances giving testimony and stating, directive utterances giving advice and ordering, expressive utterances containing prayers and hopes, and commissive utterances offering and promising.  It is hoped that the results of the analysis in this article will increase deeper understanding and knowledge regarding illocutionary speech acts and their use, knowledge about their types, as well as guide educators and online learning material creators to increase learning effectiveness.

Currently, many learning videos are available on various social media platforms. It is hoped that each video will achieve existing learning objectives and enable students to understand and implement the results of their learning activities well.  This research aims to examine and explain the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts found in several learning videos and evaluate whether the speech acts in these videos support the development of Indonesian language literacy and speaking skills in giving speeches.  Illocutionary speech acts relate to the power effect obtained by the audience of an utterance uttered by the speaker.  This research article uses a theoretical approach, namely a pragmatic approach with an analysis of the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts.  In this research, qualitative descriptive methods were used to analyze related data.  Data was obtained from six speech learning videos on the YouTube channel, and the data collection technique involved proficient free-involved listening (SBLC) and note-taking techniques.  Researchers watched videos about learning speech texts on the Literacy for Indonesia YouTube Channel, then took notes and recorded utterances that contained illocutionary utterances.  The data analysis technique uses matching and high techniques to study the form and type of illocutionary speech.  From the data analysis that has been carried out, it was found that there are assertive utterances giving testimony and stating, directive utterances giving advice and ordering, expressive utterances containing prayers and hopes, and commissive utterances offering and promising.  It is hoped that the results of the analysis in this article will increase deeper understanding and knowledge regarding illocutionary speech acts and their use, knowledge about their types, as well as guide educators and online learning material creators to increase learning effectiveness.

The importance of using media in the mathematics learning process has become the main focus in increasing the effectiveness and attractiveness of learning. One interesting approach is the development of opportunity card-based learning media. This research aims to develop and release opportunity card media as a mathematics learning aid that can increase students' understanding of concepts and interest in learning. This media development is carried out through the stages of requirements, design analysis, development and evaluation. The research method used is development research using the Kemp model which includes several stages, such as needs analysis, planning, development, implementation and evaluation. Each stage has specific steps that help process developers design and organize learning materials more effectively. The research subjects involved class XII students at SMA Negeri 62 Jakarta. The research results showed that the opportunity card media developed received a positive response from students and teachers. Understanding of mathematical concepts increased significantly, and students' interest in learning also increased. and also provide an interesting learning experience and can increase student involvement in learning.

The importance of using media in the mathematics learning process has become the main focus in increasing the effectiveness and attractiveness of learning. One interesting approach is the development of opportunity card-based learning media. This research aims to develop and release opportunity card media as a mathematics learning aid that can increase students' understanding of concepts and interest in learning. This media development is carried out through the stages of requirements, design analysis, development and evaluation. The research method used is development research using the Kemp model which includes several stages, such as needs analysis, planning, development, implementation and evaluation. Each stage has specific steps that help process developers design and organize learning materials more effectively. The research subjects involved class XII students at SMA Negeri 62 Jakarta. The research results showed that the opportunity card media developed received a positive response from students and teachers. Understanding of mathematical concepts increased significantly, and students' interest in learning also increased. and also provide an interesting learning experience and can increase student involvement in learning.

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.