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Fluent reading ability level 1 in elementary school is the initial stage in the fluent reading process, which focuses on basic reading skills such as recognizing letters, words, and simple sentences. Elementary school students at this level are expected to be able to read fluently and accurately, and understand the meaning of the text being read. Fluent reading ability level 1 is an essential aspect in learning activities at the elementary school level, because it can affect children's ability to master other learning content. Thus, teachers and parents need to pay attention to and improve elementary school students' fluent reading ability level 1 through effective learning strategies and techniques..

Fluent reading ability level 1 in elementary school is the initial stage in the fluent reading process, which focuses on basic reading skills such as recognizing letters, words, and simple sentences. Elementary school students at this level are expected to be able to read fluently and accurately, and understand the meaning of the text being read. Fluent reading ability level 1 is an essential aspect in learning activities at the elementary school level, because it can affect children's ability to master other learning content. Thus, teachers and parents need to pay attention to and improve elementary school students' fluent reading ability level 1 through effective learning strategies and techniques..

This study aims to analyze the initial writing skills of grade 1 Elementary School students. Initial writing is the initial stage for students in recognizing letter shapes, composing syllables, and being able to write simple words and sentences. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with observation and documentation techniques. The results of the analysis show that the writing skills of grade 1 students vary greatly, influenced by fine motor readiness, the learning environment, and the role of teachers in providing appropriate exercises. Most students still have difficulty in writing letters with the correct and neat shape. Therefore, an interesting and repetitive learning strategy is needed so that students can improve their writing skills gradually.

This study aims to analyze the initial writing skills of grade 1 Elementary School students. Initial writing is the initial stage for students in recognizing letter shapes, composing syllables, and being able to write simple words and sentences. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with observation and documentation techniques. The results of the analysis show that the writing skills of grade 1 students vary greatly, influenced by fine motor readiness, the learning environment, and the role of teachers in providing appropriate exercises. Most students still have difficulty in writing letters with the correct and neat shape. Therefore, an interesting and repetitive learning strategy is needed so that students can improve their writing skills gradually.

Inclusive education in North Sumatra faces various challenges in efforts to achieve educational equality for all children, including children with special needs. This study aims to analyze the challenges and solutions applied in the implementation of inclusive education in the region. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges in inclusive education include limited facilities that support the needs of children with disabilities, the lack of teachers with special competencies, and minimal public understanding of the importance of inclusive education. Additionally, the limitations in resources and the lack of training for educators are also significant barriers to providing quality education for all children. However, several solutions have been implemented to address these issues. These solutions include improving teacher training to ensure educators have sufficient skills and knowledge in handling children with special needs, providing more supportive facilities and infrastructure such as disability-friendly classrooms, and efforts to socialize the importance of inclusive education to the community to reduce stigma against children with special needs. This study emphasizes that collaboration between the government, schools, and the community is essential to strengthen the implementation of inclusive education, in order to create a more inclusive and equitable learning environment for all children in North Sumatra.

Inclusive education in North Sumatra faces various challenges in efforts to achieve educational equality for all children, including children with special needs. This study aims to analyze the challenges and solutions applied in the implementation of inclusive education in the region. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges in inclusive education include limited facilities that support the needs of children with disabilities, the lack of teachers with special competencies, and minimal public understanding of the importance of inclusive education. Additionally, the limitations in resources and the lack of training for educators are also significant barriers to providing quality education for all children. However, several solutions have been implemented to address these issues. These solutions include improving teacher training to ensure educators have sufficient skills and knowledge in handling children with special needs, providing more supportive facilities and infrastructure such as disability-friendly classrooms, and efforts to socialize the importance of inclusive education to the community to reduce stigma against children with special needs. This study emphasizes that collaboration between the government, schools, and the community is essential to strengthen the implementation of inclusive education, in order to create a more inclusive and equitable learning environment for all children in North Sumatra.

This research aims to explore how a story-based learning approach can increase students' understanding of the rain phenomenon in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning at the elementary school level. Using a qualitative approach and case studies, this research involved fourth grade students and science and science teachers in one elementary school. The research results show that story-based learning is able to change students' erroneous understanding of the rain phenomenon into a more accurate scientific understanding. Stories that connect scientific concepts with students' daily experiences successfully increase their engagement and participation in learning. In addition, this approach can also simplify abstract concepts such as the water cycle, making the material more interesting and easy to understand. Despite some challenges, such as the time required to design relevant stories, the positive impact of this approach on students' understanding and their engagement is significant. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of more creative and contextual science learning methods in elementary schools.

This research aims to explore how a story-based learning approach can increase students' understanding of the rain phenomenon in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning at the elementary school level. Using a qualitative approach and case studies, this research involved fourth grade students and science and science teachers in one elementary school. The research results show that story-based learning is able to change students' erroneous understanding of the rain phenomenon into a more accurate scientific understanding. Stories that connect scientific concepts with students' daily experiences successfully increase their engagement and participation in learning. In addition, this approach can also simplify abstract concepts such as the water cycle, making the material more interesting and easy to understand. Despite some challenges, such as the time required to design relevant stories, the positive impact of this approach on students' understanding and their engagement is significant. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of more creative and contextual science learning methods in elementary schools.

This article discusses the phenomenon of healing beliefs in Javanese and Japanese culture which is presented through the narrative of the novel Pingkan Melipat Distance by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The novel explores the complexities of cross-cultural relationships, highlighting the traditional beliefs that influence the way the main character, Pingkan, deals with emotional and identity crises. In Javanese culture, healing beliefs are rooted in harmony between spirituality, nature and the body, while in Japanese culture, balance between the body, mind and environment is the main foundation. This article finds that through Pingkan's journey, this novel represents a cross-cultural dialogue that not only connects local and global values ​​but also opens up space for reflection on identity and healing in the modern era. With a literary approach and cultural perspective, this article presents an in-depth understanding of how healing traditions contribute to the sustainability of cultural values as well as being a tool to face the challenges of globalization.

This article discusses the phenomenon of healing beliefs in Javanese and Japanese culture which is presented through the narrative of the novel Pingkan Melipat Distance by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The novel explores the complexities of cross-cultural relationships, highlighting the traditional beliefs that influence the way the main character, Pingkan, deals with emotional and identity crises. In Javanese culture, healing beliefs are rooted in harmony between spirituality, nature and the body, while in Japanese culture, balance between the body, mind and environment is the main foundation. This article finds that through Pingkan's journey, this novel represents a cross-cultural dialogue that not only connects local and global values ​​but also opens up space for reflection on identity and healing in the modern era. With a literary approach and cultural perspective, this article presents an in-depth understanding of how healing traditions contribute to the sustainability of cultural values as well as being a tool to face the challenges of globalization.

Association is the process of changing meaning as a result of similar characteristics. The meaning contained in a word will sometimes experience a change in meaning/shift in meaning when the word is combined with other words. This research aims to find out the words that have association meaning in Yudhiswara's poetry collection Rain Escapes in Sela Jari. The research method in this study is descriptive qualitative. The theory used in this research is the theory of semantic studies on changes in meaning. The data in this research is in the form of words, phrases/idioms that have associations and the data source in this research is a collection of poems Hujan Lolos di Sela Jari by Yudhiswara.  The data collection technique in this research uses reading and note-taking technique. The data analysis technique in this research is classifying the data including metaphorical meaning changes, analyzing the data and making conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the poem Rain Escapes in Sela Jari is in the form of compound words that contain associations of meaning, the association of meaning tells about love and tells about nature. This shows that in the poem that has been analyzed, the poet uses many words, phrases/idioms to express the feelings experienced by the reader. The reader is also carried away when reading a poem that tells about love that is hindered by time, circumstances, and places.

Association is the process of changing meaning as a result of similar characteristics. The meaning contained in a word will sometimes experience a change in meaning/shift in meaning when the word is combined with other words. This research aims to find out the words that have association meaning in Yudhiswara's poetry collection Rain Escapes in Sela Jari. The research method in this study is descriptive qualitative. The theory used in this research is the theory of semantic studies on changes in meaning. The data in this research is in the form of words, phrases/idioms that have associations and the data source in this research is a collection of poems Hujan Lolos di Sela Jari by Yudhiswara.  The data collection technique in this research uses reading and note-taking technique. The data analysis technique in this research is classifying the data including metaphorical meaning changes, analyzing the data and making conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the poem Rain Escapes in Sela Jari is in the form of compound words that contain associations of meaning, the association of meaning tells about love and tells about nature. This shows that in the poem that has been analyzed, the poet uses many words, phrases/idioms to express the feelings experienced by the reader. The reader is also carried away when reading a poem that tells about love that is hindered by time, circumstances, and places.

The background of this research is students’ mistakes in writing review texts based on linguistic level studies. This research analyzes the fields of phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax in the review text of the film entitled Alive. This research aims to obtain results of language analysis errors in grade 8 students at Shuffah Al-Jamaah Tasikmalaya Middle School. The research method uses analytical descriptive research. The sample selection method in this study used a simple random sampling method. The data collection method used is (1) accumulating the results of students’ review texts at school as a data source, (2) reading carefully all data sources, (3) marking and assigning classification codes to the data, (4) classifying data based on the form of error. Language use, (5) presenting and describing data based on forms of language use errors. The instrument used is data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, the most dominant errors that emerged were errors in the field of phonology, namely the omission of phonemes. Apart from that, it is also often found in the field of morphology regarding reduplication, namely the use of the word repeat with a square sign. The deletion of phonemes and incorrect reduplication of writing occurs, which is done by students to shorten the writing of a word so that the writing process can be completed more quickly without paying attention to good and correct linguistic rules. Students need to concentrate and be more careful in the process of writing activities. Apart from that, teachers also need to provide direction in the form of knowledge and insight regarding the basics of good and correct linguistics to minimize the occurrence of language mistakes and mistakes.

The background of this research is students’ mistakes in writing review texts based on linguistic level studies. This research analyzes the fields of phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax in the review text of the film entitled Alive. This research aims to obtain results of language analysis errors in grade 8 students at Shuffah Al-Jamaah Tasikmalaya Middle School. The research method uses analytical descriptive research. The sample selection method in this study used a simple random sampling method. The data collection method used is (1) accumulating the results of students’ review texts at school as a data source, (2) reading carefully all data sources, (3) marking and assigning classification codes to the data, (4) classifying data based on the form of error. Language use, (5) presenting and describing data based on forms of language use errors. The instrument used is data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, the most dominant errors that emerged were errors in the field of phonology, namely the omission of phonemes. Apart from that, it is also often found in the field of morphology regarding reduplication, namely the use of the word repeat with a square sign. The deletion of phonemes and incorrect reduplication of writing occurs, which is done by students to shorten the writing of a word so that the writing process can be completed more quickly without paying attention to good and correct linguistic rules. Students need to concentrate and be more careful in the process of writing activities. Apart from that, teachers also need to provide direction in the form of knowledge and insight regarding the basics of good and correct linguistics to minimize the occurrence of language mistakes and mistakes.

Curriculum is an essential component of the education system, as the two are closely interconnected. Analogously, the curriculum can be likened to the heart in the human body. When the heart functions well, the entire body system will operate optimally. Similarly, if the curriculum is effectively implemented and supported by well-functioning elements, the learning process will run smoothly, producing high-quality learners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how educational technology contributes to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This qualitative research uses a literature study, also known as a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), aimed at comparing current theories with those discussed in previous research literature. The literature sources referenced come from research findings and studies published in scientific articles, accessed through electronic literature search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar. The results of this study show that educational technology plays a crucial role in supporting the Merdeka Curriculum, as well as having a positive impact on the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar concept in practice. The continuously evolving Merdeka Curriculum helps facilitate the integration of the latest information technology for students.

Curriculum is an essential component of the education system, as the two are closely interconnected. Analogously, the curriculum can be likened to the heart in the human body. When the heart functions well, the entire body system will operate optimally. Similarly, if the curriculum is effectively implemented and supported by well-functioning elements, the learning process will run smoothly, producing high-quality learners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how educational technology contributes to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This qualitative research uses a literature study, also known as a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), aimed at comparing current theories with those discussed in previous research literature. The literature sources referenced come from research findings and studies published in scientific articles, accessed through electronic literature search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar. The results of this study show that educational technology plays a crucial role in supporting the Merdeka Curriculum, as well as having a positive impact on the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar concept in practice. The continuously evolving Merdeka Curriculum helps facilitate the integration of the latest information technology for students.

This research aims to determine the lexical meaning of the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna. This type of qualitative descriptive research was used in this research, the data source in this research was the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna and similar journals. Researchers used data collection techniques by (1) reading the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna, (2) marking and writing the lexical meaning of each word in the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna. The researcher's steps in data analysis are (1) classifying or grouping words into tables, (2) analyzing the results of grouping words, (3) drawing conclusions based on the results of the analysis carried out. The results of this research show that the equivalent lexical meaning is longer than the connotative meaning and each stanza has a clear different in meaning according to the context of the words used.

This research aims to determine the lexical meaning of the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna. This type of qualitative descriptive research was used in this research, the data source in this research was the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna and similar journals. Researchers used data collection techniques by (1) reading the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna, (2) marking and writing the lexical meaning of each word in the poem “Myths of Anxiety” by Afrizal Malna. The researcher's steps in data analysis are (1) classifying or grouping words into tables, (2) analyzing the results of grouping words, (3) drawing conclusions based on the results of the analysis carried out. The results of this research show that the equivalent lexical meaning is longer than the connotative meaning and each stanza has a clear different in meaning according to the context of the words used.

This article discusses the implementation of an Educational Management Information System (EMIS) in improving the quality of education at SPM Muadalah Ulya Darussalam - Blokagung, Banyuwangi. The Educational Management Information System, known in English as the Management Information System (MIS), is a control over business that includes the empowerment of people, files, technology, and procedures by management accounting to solve business problems. In the field of education, the Educational Management Information System (EMIS) is very necessary as Indonesia has entered the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, thus requiring the management of school information related to payments, activity status, attendance, and new student admissions. There are several supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of EMIS at SPM Ulya, including the availability of information system facilities and challenges in human resources as well as technical errors.

This article discusses the implementation of an Educational Management Information System (EMIS) in improving the quality of education at SPM Muadalah Ulya Darussalam - Blokagung, Banyuwangi. The Educational Management Information System, known in English as the Management Information System (MIS), is a control over business that includes the empowerment of people, files, technology, and procedures by management accounting to solve business problems. In the field of education, the Educational Management Information System (EMIS) is very necessary as Indonesia has entered the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, thus requiring the management of school information related to payments, activity status, attendance, and new student admissions. There are several supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of EMIS at SPM Ulya, including the availability of information system facilities and challenges in human resources as well as technical errors.