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The research aims to find out the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) teachers in increasing student awareness of the impact of bullying behavior at SMA Negeri 1 Pebayuran, Bekasi Regency, West Java. The research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation and in-depth interviews. The informants in this study consisted of six people, namely the deputy principal for curriculum, two PPKn teachers, and three students (one male and two female). The interviews were conducted directly to obtain in-depth information about the role of PPKn teachers in educating and forming students' awareness of the negative impact of bullying. The results of the study show that PPKn teachers have an important role in improving students' understanding of human values, tolerance, and justice. These values are the basis for responding to and preventing bullying behavior in the school environment. PPKn teachers not only convey material theoretically but also instill moral values in students' daily lives.

Deconstruction was introduced by a French philosopher born in Algeria, Jacques Derrida. This theory challenges the centralized and rounded mode of meaning as might be desired by the text or which is deliberately made clear by the logical relationship of the text. The “unspeakable” power of the text is the logic that is trivialized or underestimated as a secondary meaning that at times endangers the structure of the text or produces ambiguous paradoxes, which will erode the reader. Deconstruction aims to dismantle the Western metaphysical tradition such as Husserlin's phenomenology, Saussurean structuralism, structuralism. Derrida's deconstruction method is better known as metaphorical deconstruction. Metaphor here is not understood as an aspect of the expressive function of language but as an essential condition of speech. Metaphor represents one way of constructing discourse and strongly influences the understanding of various texts. Deconstruction is carried out on metaphorical texts composed by the author. Deconstruction can occur in the text itself or vice versa, we who deconstruct a text. In conclusion, deconstruction can be applied in everyday life by recognizing that other people's views on a topic and perspective may have different meanings from ours.

Islamic boarding schools are Islamic educational institutions that aim to understand, appreciate, and practice the teachings of Islam by emphasizing the importance of religious morals as guidelines in everyday social life. In pesantren, students are expected to apply good values in interactions with fellow students. However, the understanding of the impact of bullying is still unclear for some students. Bullying behavior often occurs unconsciously as part of social interaction, for example, teasing which is initially considered a joke, but then develops into a serious problem. Through this counseling, it is hoped that students can better understand the negative impacts that may arise due to bullying. The method of implementing this community service is in the form of counseling with slide presentation media and infocus, which was conducted at one of the Islamic Boarding Schools in South Tangerang. During the education process, pesantren also face various problems, one of which is bullying which often occurs due to lack of supervision from the pesantren. With this counseling, it is hoped that students will be more aware and understand the bad consequences of bullying.

Kupang City is the capital of East Nusa Tenggara province which is inseparable from the case of rape of a father against a biological child. There are several cases including a minor being a victim of sexual violence. Tragically, a student of a junior high school in Kupang became a victim of rape committed by her biological father. The case of adultery committed by the father to his biological child was handled by the PPA Unit of the Kupang City Police Satreskrim in 2019. The results of this study show that (1) the causative factor for children as victims of rape by biological fathers in Kupang City is the influence of lack of religious understanding in the family environment that causes the perpetrator to commit crimes. The actions carried out by the perpetrator were carried out repeatedly without thinking about the mental and physical influence of the victim. For this reason, it is hoped that religious understanding can be applied in the family environment so that it becomes a moral benchmark for one's life as well as the cases researched by the author. (2)) The impact on children as victims of rape by biological fathers in Kupang City is the physical and social impact experienced by the victim after the incident that befell the victim. (3) Legal Protection Efforts for Children as Victims of Rape by Biological Fathers in Kupang City In particular, Indonesia has its own law regarding the protection of children, namely Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning Child Protection. In Articles 81 and 82 of the Law on Child Protection, it is stipulated that the perpetrator of sexual abuse of children is sentenced to a maximum of 15 years in prison.

The indigenous Nggolonio community gave land to newcomers (Dhajong) with the mandate that this land was only for making settlements, surviving and earning a living and not for other interests. However, the Dhajong community used this land for the construction of public facilities, the indigenous community of Nggolonio Village questioned the implementation of the mandate from their ancestors. The research used was empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. Data collection for this research was interviews and document studies. The results of the study indicate that the position of the customary rights of the Nggolonio Community against the rights of the Dhajong immigrant community, customary rights are the collective rights of the indigenous community to a certain area that is inherited from generation to generation. This right includes control and management of land and the natural resources above it. In the context of immigrant communities, access to and use of customary land is usually regulated by customary mechanisms that apply in the local community. This can involve the involvement of special agreements or land use permits that are mutually agreed upon between the indigenous community and immigrants. It is important to note that each indigenous community has different rules and mechanisms in managing relations between indigenous communities and immigrants. Therefore, a deep understanding of customary law and local practices in Nggolonio Village is essential to obtain an accurate picture of the status of customary rights of indigenous peoples and the rights of immigrant communities in the area.

A standard agreement is a form of standard contract that is drawn up unilaterally by business actors, without providing flexibility for consumers to negotiate the content of the clauses contained therein. This characteristic creates an imbalance in the legal position between business actors and consumers, which in practice is often used to include exculpation clauses or unilateral clauses that are substantively detrimental to consumers. In the context of Indonesian law, this form of contract has become a common practice in various sectors, ranging from financial services to electronic transactions, so the urgency of legal protection for consumers has become increasingly significant. This research aims to analyze and evaluate the form of legal protection for consumers in standard agreements, based on the provisions of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and related legal instruments, including implementing regulations and relevant jurisprudence. The research approach used is normative juridistic, with data collection methods through literature studies, normative analysis of laws and regulations, and an examination of several concrete case studies that illustrate imbalances in the legal relationship between consumers and business actors. The results of the study revealed that although normative legal protection has been regulated quite firmly, especially in the provisions regarding the prohibition of the inclusion of clauses that are detrimental or misleading to consumers, various structural and cultural obstacles are still found in its implementation. These obstacles include weak supervision mechanisms for business actors, limited consumer access to legal understanding, and suboptimal role of consumer dispute resolution institutions. Thus, it is necessary to strengthen regulations through more operational legal instruments, increase the capacity of supervisory institutions, and mainstream consumer legal literacy as a long-term strategy in realizing a fair, effective, and sustainable consumer protection system.

Compliance in paying taxes is a crucial element in maintaining the stability and sustainability of state revenues. Taxes as the main source of state financing require active participation from every Taxpayer in fulfilling their obligations. However, in practice, there are still many Taxpayers who experience obstacles in fulfilling these obligations, resulting in tax debt. This article aims to identify the types of tax debts that commonly occur in Indonesia and to analyze the legal and administrative consequences that can arise due to negligence or non-compliance in implementing tax obligations. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, by describing in detail the factual conditions based on secondary data and literature reviews. The results of the study indicate that tax debts can arise in various forms, including underpayment, late payment, or debts arising from audit results. The consequences faced by Taxpayers due to tax debts can be in the form of administrative sanctions such as interest, fines, and increases, as well as potential criminal sanctions if elements of intent or tax crimes are found. The conclusion of this article emphasizes the importance of understanding, awareness, and compliance of Taxpayers to avoid legal risks and financial burdens due to tax debts. The recommendations provided include the need to improve tax education for Taxpayers and optimize the role of tax authorities in providing guidance, supervision, and law enforcement proportionally.

This study examines the effectiveness of the SP4N LAPOR application in managing public service complaints by the Communication and Information Agency of Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the application through three main dimensions: achievement of objectives, integration, and adaptation. The study results indicate that the implementation of SP4N LAPOR has not been optimal due to several obstacles, particularly the lack of coordination and communication between relevant agencies. The study also identified various factors hindering the application's effectiveness, such as slow response times to public complaints and insufficient awareness about the application's use. Despite these challenges, the local government continues to improve the system, including establishing communication channels through WhatsApp groups between agencies and providing various platforms for submitting complaints. This research contributes to understanding how digital complaint management systems can be implemented more effectively in the local government context.

Reading ability is a fundamental skill that plays a crucial role in education, as it significantly contributes to students’ academic achievement and intellectual development. This study aims to analyze the reading skills of seventh-grade students at SMP IT Robbani Indralaya, focusing on both mechanical and comprehension aspects. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 19 student respondents. The questionnaire instrument was designed based on two main aspects: mechanical skills (letter recognition, linguistic elements, and slow reading speed) and comprehension skills (understanding text meaning, evaluating content, and flexible reading speed). The analysis results showed that the majority of students were in the “Good” category (63.16%), while the rest were in the “Fair” category (36.84%). There were no students in the “Very Good” or “Poor” categories. Internal factors such as motivation and reading interest, as well as external factors such as family support and school facilities, were found to influence students' reading skills. This study recommends the implementation of continuous and collaborative literacy development efforts involving students, teachers, schools, and families to improve reading skills comprehensively.    

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in improving the welfare of poor households in Bekasi Regency. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study focuses on an in-depth understanding of the perceptions and experiences of program beneficiaries. Data was collected through both closed and open-ended questionnaires distributed to 60 respondents, consisting of 50 Beneficiary Families (KPM) and 10 social facilitators. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative descriptive methods for the closed questionnaires, and thematic analysis for the open-ended responses and document study. The results show that more than 75% of respondents felt a positive impact in the field of education, while 72% regularly accessed health services such as Posyandu. Economically, 68% of respondents stated that the PKH assistance helped meet their basic needs, although it was not sufficient for long-term needs. Regarding implementation, 80% of respondents expressed satisfaction with the social facilitation provided, although administrative procedures and limited access in remote areas remain challenges. The conclusion of this study indicates that PKH has a significant social impact on poor households. However, the program’s effectiveness still needs improvement through streamlined administrative processes, adjustment of the aid amount, and greater attention to hard-to-reach areas so that the program’s benefits can be felt more evenly and sustainably.

This study aims to examine theoretically and empirically the role of transformational leadership style on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN), especially in the context of bureaucratic reform. Using a literature review approach, the discussion is focused on understanding the concept of transformational leadership, the performance dimensions of ASN, the theoretical relationship between the two, and its implications in efforts to improve the quality of public services and governance. The results of the study show that transformational leadership contributes positively to improving the performance of ASN through motivation, empowerment, and the creation of a shared vision. This leadership style also presents its own challenges in a hierarchical bureaucracy, but still offers effective strategies for building a transformative and professional organizational culture. This research provides a conceptual basis for efforts to strengthen leadership in the public sector as part of the ongoing bureaucratic reform agenda.

Social media is not merely a space for entertainment. It has become part of students’ daily lives. Through these platforms, various values, ideologies, and discourses on nationalism circulate constantly. This study aims to examine how far social media contributes to the internalization of Pancasila values and the formation of nationalist character among university students. This research used a descriptive quantitative survey method. A total of 50 students from various majors served as respondents. They completed a questionnaire distributed via Google Form. The results show that 90% of students actively use social media. About 72% claim to have a nationalist attitude, and 76% show social concern. However, only 42% apply Pancasila values in their daily lives. Participation in community activities and national discussions is relatively low. Furthermore, 64% of respondents expressed disappointment toward state institutions. This disappointment is influenced by exposure to issues such as corruption allegations and controversial national policies. From these findings, it is clear that social media can serve as an educational platform, but it may also become an entry point for a crisis of trust. The internalization of Pancasila values has not yet been fully effective. There is a gap between understanding and actual behavior.

This article discusses the position and functions of state institutions in Indonesia's governmental system based on the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945). The UUD 1945, as Indonesia's highest written constitution, establishes state institutions within three main branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial. The article outlines how each branch fulfills its role according to the principle of trias politica, aimed at maintaining a balance of power through a system of checks and balances. The main focus is to analyze the position of these institutions within the constitutional framework and how they work synergistically to support Indonesia's political, legal, and social stability. Furthermore, the article explores the challenges faced by state institutions, such as overlapping authorities, and offers recommendations for addressing these issues to strengthen good governance and democracy. A deeper understanding of the role and functions of state institutions is expected to help Indonesia achieve a just and prosperous government.

This study examines the performance of the Banjarbaru City Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) in the recruitment of Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK). Using a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, this study evaluates performance based on five indicators: productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. The results show that although BKPSDM has implemented a merit-based recruitment system through Computer Assisted Test (CAT), several challenges are still faced, such as technical constraints in the online system, limited formation quotas, and applicants' lack of understanding of administrative requirements. The research also identified supporting factors such as the regulatory framework, technology implementation, and the active role of BKPSDM in providing clear information to applicants. Recommendations include strengthening technological infrastructure, expanding socialization, optimizing complaint mechanisms, and proposing additional formation quotas to match regional needs.  

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of public policy implementation in realizing responsive public services with a literature review approach. The focus of the study is directed at conceptual understanding of the dimensions of policy effectiveness, the characteristics of responsive public services, the relationship between policy and service quality, and implementation challenges in the field. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method based on literature studies from various theoretical and empirical sources. The results of the study show that the effectiveness of implementation is highly correlated with the quality of public services, where factors such as resources, inter-agency coordination, and community involvement are the main keys to success. Bureaucratic reform strategies, capacity building of apparatus, and open and adaptive governance are needed to realize public services that truly answer the needs of the community.

Default, or breach of contract, is a common problem in business transactions and can have significant impacts, both financially and non-financially. This article analyzes the various forms of default, such as failure to fulfill obligations, delays, or non-performance in accordance with the agreement. The impact of default is not only directly related to financial losses—for example through fines or damages—but can also damage business relationships and the company's reputation. Therefore, good contract design is very important in reducing this risk. Effective contract design should include clear clauses regarding obligations, deadlines, and sanctions that apply in the event of a breach. Penalty clauses are often used to provide incentives for the parties involved to fulfill their obligations. Furthermore, in the context of globalization and international transactions, it is important for contracts to include clear dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation or arbitration, to avoid escalation of problems. This article aims to provide practical guidance for companies in designing contracts that not only reduce the risk of default, but also ensure the sustainability of mutually beneficial business relationships. With a thorough understanding of legal risks and the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures, companies can maintain smooth operations and prevent major losses due to default.   Keywords : Default, Breach Of Contract, Contract Drafting, ,, , Mediation, Arbitration, Corporate Reputation, Risk Management.

This article discusses the integration of social sciences and humanities in Islamic studies as an epistemological reconstruction effort to restore the unity between revelation, reason, and social reality. The research approach used is qualitative with a library research design through critical analysis of academic literature from various sources, including journals indexed by Scopus and Google Scholar. The results of the study indicate that the integration of social sciences and humanities broadens the orientation of Islamic studies from a normative-theological perspective to a more contextual and transformative multidisciplinary analysis. The social sciences serve as analytical instruments for socio-religious phenomena, while the humanities provide a reflective, ethical, and philosophical foundation that enriches understanding of Islamic teachings. The implementation of this paradigm is evident in the concept of "integration-interconnection" at UIN Indonesia and "Islamic revealed knowledge" at IIUM Malaysia, which have successfully developed an ethical and rational scientific tradition without abandoning the values ​​of monotheism. Despite facing epistemological and cultural challenges, scientific integration remains a crucial foundation for the development of an inclusive, humanistic, and humane civilization.  

This study examines the strengthening of the ultimum remedium principle in handling corporate crimes as part of a more proportional, efficient, and equitable criminal justice system reform. The ultimum remedium principle views criminal law as a last resort, used after other legal mechanisms, such as administrative resolution, mediation, or administrative sanctions, are deemed inadequate. The application of this principle becomes increasingly important in the corporate context to prevent the negative impact of repressive punishment on business entities that play a strategic role in the national economy. The significant impact of corporations on society and the economy necessitates a more careful and prudent approach to handling corporate crimes. This study uses a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. In analyzing the application of the ultimum remedium principle, this study identifies that although this principle has been incorporated into several laws and regulations, its implementation remains weak. Factors contributing to this include limited understanding of the principle among law enforcement officials, suboptimal technical guidelines regarding the application of the ultimum remedium principle, and public pressure that tends to encourage a repressive approach in handling corporate crimes. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening regulations, increasing the capacity of law enforcement officials, and developing integrated guidelines to ensure the consistent and effective application of the ultimum remedium principle in handling corporate crimes. The application of this principle is also in line with the restorative justice approach, which aims to provide more humane and corrective punishment and create sustainable change for corporations and society.  

The renewal of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) through the Draft Law (RUU) KUHAP opens up space for in-depth philosophical reflection on the relationship between law, justice, and humanity. This article examines the challenges of harmonizing the principle of due process of law, which emphasizes respect for individual rights in every legal process, with the criminal justice system, which is oriented towards efficiency and the purpose of punishment. This harmony is not only a technical and normative matter, but also a matter of shared understanding of what is meant by justice in the context of a more humane and human rights-based criminal justice system. Using a philosophical legal perspective, this article explores the potential for conflict and convergence between the two principles, and seeks common ground within the framework of Pancasila legal values ​​and Islamic law that prioritize humanity, substantive justice, and a balance between individual rights and the public interest. The renewal of the RUU KUHAP, in this context, is not merely a structural change, but a journey towards a legal system that guarantees the depth of justice, which is not only seen from a procedural perspective, but also from the moral and social essence of the law itself.

In the era of digitalization like this, and in the realm of the process of finding the identity of a teenager, it is very easy for teenagers to be affected by many good and bad things by the surrounding environment. The problem that is often faced by teenagers is mental health where there are many causes and consequences that can trigger this to happen. Because of this problem, teenagers lack an understanding of self-love or love themselves. Self love has the meaning of a feeling where we feel confident and proud of our own abilities without attaching importance to the opinions of others by involving aspects of self-awareness, self-confidence, and caring for ourselves. Looking at the reality, this article uses qualitative methods and literature studies in answering these problems. In the interview that we have conducted to 7 existing resource persons and contain active high school teenagers based in the city of Surakarta. With the hope that the interview that has been done can help some and even all speakers about the importance of 'self love' for themselves. With the results we get in several existing aspects such as self awareness, self care, self esteem and in the 7th self worth aspect, the informant has a fairly good and high percentage. Even though in the aspect of self esteem at the same time it is still wrapped in a sense of insecurity.