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Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in the regional economy, including in Boyolali Regency. However, this contribution has not been fully matched by adequate human resources (HR). The main problem in this study is the still low capacity of MSMEs' human resources, particularly in aspects of managerial skills, digital literacy, and adaptability to changes in the business environment, which impact business performance. This study aims to analyze human resource development strategies implemented in the MSME context and examine the impact of these strategies on improving MSME performance in Boyolali Regency. The research method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a content analysis approach to relevant scientific literature from the past five years. The research process includes determining inclusion and exclusion criteria, searching for literature sources, thematic coding, and synthesizing research findings. The results show that effective HR development strategies can be grouped into three main aspects: skills training, marketing digitalization, and cross-sector collaboration. These three strategies have been proven to contribute positively to improving MSME competency, operational efficiency, market expansion, and business competitiveness. Thus, human resource development is a key factor in driving sustainable improvement in MSME performance, particularly in facing the challenges of digital transformation and increasingly complex economic competition.

This study aims to examine the contribution of business ethics and the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to the business sustainability of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Depot Air Barokah in Medan City. Using a case study approach, the research explores how ethical practices in service, honesty in product quality, and social concern for the environment and surrounding community can build consumer trust and enhance business competitiveness. These ethical and social dimensions are seen as essential components in sustaining long-term business operations, especially in competitive markets. Data were collected through interviews, direct observations, and supporting documentation, and were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method to provide a comprehensive understanding of the enterprise's practices. The results indicate that the application of ethical and socially responsible business practices has a positive impact on customer loyalty, brand image, and the operational sustainability of Depot Air Barokah. Therefore, MSMEs that consistently uphold business ethics and implement CSR not only achieve economic benefits but also foster harmonious relationships with consumers, stakeholders, and the broader community.

This study aims to explore the strategic role of e-commerce in increasing the export of handicraft products by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, with a case study on CV. Palm Craft in Kediri. In the context of globalization and digitalization, e-commerce is an important means for MSMEs to reach the international market, especially in the midst of the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic that limit conventional export activities. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The main focus of this study is how CV. Palem Craft utilizes various digital platforms such as social media (Instagram, Facebook), marketplaces (Tokopedia, Shopee), and global platforms (Amazon, Etsy) to expand market access, build product branding, and increase the selling value of local handicrafts. The results of the study show that the strategic use of e-commerce has helped companies overcome export barriers such as limited distribution networks, logistics constraints, and lack of international promotion. In addition, e-commerce also allows CVs. Palem Craft to build direct relationships with global consumers, get faster feedback, and make product adjustments according to market needs. This research also identifies supporting factors such as digital literacy, product quality, and production capacity as crucial aspects in the success of e-commerce strategies.  The implications of this study provide relevant insights for other MSMEs that want to develop exports through the use of digital technology. Continuous support from the government and related institutions is needed in terms of training, access to capital, and digital export facilitation so that Indonesian MSMEs can compete in the global market in a sustainable manner.  

Digitalization has been a key catalyst for change in the global business landscape, driving the transformation of companies' strategies, organizational structures, and operational models. For small and medium enterprises (SMEs), digital technology opens up great opportunities to expand market reach and compete in the international arena more effectively. Technologies such as e-commerce, social media, big data analytics, and cloud-based platforms enable SMEs to break through geographical boundaries, facilitate access to global customers, and accelerate product distribution and marketing processes. This paper explores the current academic literature that discusses the influence of digital technology on the internationalization of SMEs. A total of five relevant studies were analyzed to identify common patterns, challenges, and successful strategies in the use of digital technology. The results of the study show that the adoption of digitalization not only improves operational cost efficiency, but also encourages business model innovation, such as digital platform-based marketing, cross-border virtual collaboration, and the development of a more adaptive global business ecosystem. In addition, the ability to utilize digital technology gives SMEs a competitive advantage through access to real-time market information, personalization of offers, and more targeted branding strategies. However, the research also found obstacles, such as limited human resources, technological infrastructure, and digital literacy among SMEs. Therefore, synergy is needed between business actors, the government, and academia to support the acceleration of digital technology adoption through training, mentoring, and policies that support innovation. The paper also highlights future research opportunities, such as the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, automation, and blockchain in supporting the global expansion of SMEs. These findings are expected to be a strategic reference in designing sustainable internationalization policies in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) and its influence on employee performance at the Kepiting Soka Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) in Pangkalan Batu, Langkat Regency. This MSME operates in the soft-shell crab processing sector and faces challenges in maintaining product quality and production efficiency. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that TQM implementation remains informal and unstructured. Although work practices such as precision and compliance with instructions reflect basic TQM principles, employee understanding of the concept is limited. Employee involvement in quality evaluation is also minimal, and there is no documented quality management system in place. The main obstacles In applying TQM in this MSME include a lack of training, limited resources, and the absence of clear Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Therefore, a gradual implementation of TQM is necessary, starting with the development of SOPs, regular training, and strengthening commitment to quality. These steps are expected to improve employee performance and enhance the competitiveness of The product in the market.    

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in the Indonesian economy, especially in facing economic crises such as the 1998 monetary crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. MSMEs are at the forefront in creating jobs and contributing to economic growth, even though they face various challenges, including capital problems. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. This research uses primary data collected from interviews with the owner of Pajeng Cokelat. Pajeng Cokelat is a micro business located in Blitar and makes various kinds of processed chocolate to be used as snacks. The owner of Pajeng Cokelat is active in participating in training activities aimed at improving skills both related to marketing and the products produced. The results of this research highlight the government's efforts to overcome capital problems through programs such as People's Business Credit (KUR) and business training. However, increasing financial literacy is needed, especially in the context of sharia finance, to support the sustainable growth of MSMEs. By overcoming these challenges, MSMEs can continue to play a role in driving the national economy.

Reducing product quality is one of the main challenges in the Tofu processing industry, especially in the Sumedang Bumi Armasta Tofu business which is small to medium-scale. The processing, which still maintains the traditional method without the help of technology, has been carried out for many years, but the processing that is still traditional has turned out to cause a dependence on expert employees which if not present will have a direct impact on the quality and quality of the Tofu products produced and the skills of new employees are not optimal in replacing the role of expert employees if they are unable to attend. This study aims to analyze employee development strategies in improving the quality of tofu products using the Fishbone (cause-and-effect) approach. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The results of the analysis show that Human factors (HR) are the main cause of the decline in the quality and quality of Tofu products in Sumedang Tofu SMEs which can be seen from changes in texture, aroma, appearance, and size that are not suitable. Therefore, employee development strategies need to be carried out such as job training, assistance for new employees, and standardization of SOPs that are considered effective in improving the quality of Tofu products to remain consistent.

Gen-Z has grown alongside rapid technological and digital media development, fostering frequent virtual interactions over face-to-face ones. This shift often triggers Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), where individuals feel anxious about missing trends or updates. Among Gen-Z, FOMO is strongly influenced by social media, driving consumptive behavior. This article explores how FOMO creates opportunities for Indonesian Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through jasa titip (personal shopping services). Using the Dubai Chocolate trend as a case study, it highlights how social media-driven demand has spurred interest in personal shopping services to source and deliver such products. The research emphasizes the importance of social media as a tool for MSMEs to tap into FOMO-driven markets. It also encourages MSMEs to innovate by offering affordable, locally sourced alternatives to remain competitive. This approach enables MSMEs to thrive in a dynamic, trend-focused digital landscape.  

The digital era has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including the business world. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offers new opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to innovate and enhance their competitiveness through various aspects such as products, processes, and business models. MSMEs play a crucial role in the Indonesian economy, contributing approximately 60% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and absorbing over 97% of the workforce. Despite this, MSMEs often face challenges such as limitations in capital, technology, and market access. Digital transformation presents great potential to address these challenges by improving operational efficiency, expanding market reach, and developing more relevant products and services. Business model innovation, which involves the use of digital technology to create effective solutions, can enhance MSME performance, as demonstrated by previous research. However, barriers such as limited resources and digital skills often hinder technology adoption. This research aims to examine the role of innovation in the development of MSME business models in the digital era, focusing on the utilization of digital technology, success factors of innovation, and impacts on business performance. Additionally, the study will explore strategies to overcome obstacles in the innovation process. The research is expected to provide in-depth insights and practical recommendations for MSMEs in developing innovative and sustainable business models in the digital era.

MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) are one of the important economic pillars in driving local economic growth in various cities in Indonesia. However, MSMEs often face significant challenges, especially related to financial and labor risk management. This study aims to analyze financial and labor risk management at Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs in Medan City. In this study, a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews was used to collect data from business owners and employees. The analysis was conducted with a focus on financial risk management strategies, such as product and service diversification, creative promotion, cash flow management, and access to capital, and labor risk management strategies, including employee cost management, employee development and retention, and effective performance management. The results show that Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs have implemented various strategies to effectively manage financial and labor risks. Product and service diversification, creative promotions, and utilization of online delivery and ordering services help reduce financial risks and maintain revenue stability. Meanwhile, efficient management of employee costs, employee development, and effective performance management help manage labor risks, improve productivity, and maintain service quality. This research shows that effective financial and labor risk management plays an important role in the operational success of Mbak Yummi Chicken Noodle MSMEs.

This research aims to investigate the multifaceted components influencing the competitive edge of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The research model integrates financial knowledge, AI integration, human capital, and digital marketing to explore their collective impact on SME competitiveness. Through purposive sampling, SMEs across diverse sectors will be selected for in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis will employ thematic analysis techniques to derive rich insights from qualitative data. The study anticipates uncovering nuanced relationships between the aforementioned variables and SME competitiveness. Findings will contribute to enhancing understanding of the intricate dynamics shaping SME competitiveness and inform strategic interventions to bolster their competitive edge in the market landscape.

This research aims to investigate the integration of ethical business practices and AI-driven marketing strategies for product branding within Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The study adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews and content analysis. A purposive sampling technique will be employed to select participants from diverse MSMEs. Data will be analyzed thematically to identify patterns and insights regarding the implementation and impact of ethical practices and AI-driven marketing on branding strategies. The findings are expected to provide nuanced understandings of the challenges, opportunities, and outcomes associated with integrating ethical principles and AI technologies in MSMEs' branding endeavors, offering valuable insights for both practitioners and scholars in the field of marketing and business ethics.

This research aims to explore sustainable digital marketing strategies suitable for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The study employs a descriptive research model, utilizing purposive sampling to select participants with extensive experience in digital marketing within MSMEs. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews and content analysis of relevant literature. Thematic analysis will be employed to analyze the data, identifying patterns and themes related to effective sustainable digital marketing practices for MSMEs. The study anticipates uncovering insights into innovative and environmentally conscious digital marketing approaches that can be adopted by MSMEs to enhance their competitiveness while minimizing environmental impact.