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This study examines the renewal of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) Baru as an effort to synchronize with the Criminal Code (KUHP) 2023, as well as analyzing crucial articles that potentially cause legal uncertainty in the criminal justice process in Indonesia. Using a juridical-normative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, this research analyzes secondary data from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results show that KUHAP Baru successfully addresses some of the mismatches with KUHP 2023 through regulations on alternative punishments, corporate accountability, and protection for vulnerable groups, but still faces conceptual and technical challenges such as legislative disharmony and minimal public participation. On the other hand, crucial articles such as Articles 5, 16, 74, 90, 93, 105, 112A, 124, 132A, and 137A pose risks of legal uncertainty due to the expansion of law enforcement authority without adequate oversight, which can violate the due process principle and human rights. The study's conclusion emphasizes the need for further revisions to strengthen legal certainty and harmonize the criminal justice system.

The current Indonesian legal system recognizes two paths of judicial review, although this division of authority is constitutionally legal, but in practice it raises serious problems. One of them is the inconsistency of decisions between judicial institutions. For example, there is a Supreme Court decision that cancels Regional Regulations that have previously been studied by the Constitutional Court, causing confusion in the application of the law. This not only weakens the principle of legal certainty, but also raises problems in the effectiveness of the judicial system. This study aims to identify the concept of restructuring the ideal regulatory testing mechanism according to the principle of the state of law and the theory of norm hierarchy and analyze the need for restructuring the regulatory testing mechanism in Indonesia from the perspective of legal certainty, justice, and law enforcement effectiveness. The research method used in this study is normative juridical and uses a legislative approach. The results of the study show.