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This study aims to analyze and identify various types of phrases found in educational opinion texts published on the Pundi.or.id website, 2025 edition. The research is based on the importance of syntactic understanding, particularly the use of phrases, in constructing effective and meaningful sentence structures in opinion texts. A qualitative descriptive method was applied using the observation and note-taking technique. The data were collected by examining, recording, and classifying different types of phrases, including nominal, verbal, adjectival, numerical, and adverbial phrases. The findings reveal that each type of phrase functions differently in shaping sentence meaning and enhancing the clarity of the writer’s arguments. Nominal and verbal phrases were found to dominate the texts, indicating their significant role in presenting ideas and logical reasoning. This research contributes to the development of syntactic studies and provides practical benefits for teachers and students in learning Indonesian, especially in mastering sentence structure and improving opinion writing skills. Furthermore, the study serves as a reference for future linguistic research within the context of digital media and education.

This article analyzes language errors in essays written by high school students and published on the Mojok.co website in the March 2025 edition. It employs a descriptive qualitative approach with purposive sampling. Five essays were selected based on topic relevance and language difficulty levels appropriate for high school students. The analysis reveals language errors in four main categories: spelling, grammar, diction, and punctuation. Spelling errors are the most frequent, involving incorrect word forms that deviate from standard Indonesian spelling conventions, such as improper capitalization and the use of numerals where they are inappropriate. Grammar errors include issues in sentence structure, particularly in the incorrect placement of subjects and predicates. Diction errors often involve the use of inaccurate or informal vocabulary, while punctuation errors are evident in the misuse or misplacement of commas and periods. These findings suggest that students’ language proficiency in essay writing still requires improvement. To enhance their skills, the following recommendations are proposed: increasing students’ understanding of spelling, grammar, diction, and punctuation based on the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling; providing structured and continuous writing practice; incorporating technology such as spell checkers and grammar tools; and fostering an understanding of language variations, especially the differences between spoken and written language. Improving students’ writing skills is essential, as language errors can impede effective communication and undermine a writer’s credibility. This article aims to serve as a reference for both teachers and students in recognizing common writing errors and enhancing the overall quality of student essays.

Explanation text is a text that can train critical reading skills, especially for junior high school students. It contains compound sentences that summarize information from several sentences into one sentence. Writing compound sentences that are not quite right will also affect the meaning or meaning that will be conveyed in the explanation text. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of compound sentences in the explanation text which will later be used as teaching materials for junior high school students. The quality of good compound sentences will later affect students' critical reading skills. The methodology used is a qualitative approach where data collection is carried out first. This technique is carried out using the Listen and Note technique. The Listen technique is done by reading and observing the explanation text on the brainacademy website. The note technique is carried out after reading the entire text recording the existing compound sentences and then re-identifying the results that have been obtained. After analyzing the explanation text, compound sentences of equal value and compound sentences of levels were found in the explanation text. The difference between the two sentences can be seen in the sentence structure and the use of conjunctions. The quality of compound sentences is also analyzed in terms of clarity of meaning, use of appropriate conjunctions, and level of complexity. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for teaching materials and provide insight into the influence of compound sentences that affect the quality of students' critical reading.

The Indonesian language learning module for high school X-grade students, created by Indri Anatya Permatasari, M.Pd, contains several writing errors. These errors include inconsistencies in punctuation marks, diction, conjunctions, and inappropriate meaning, which do not align with the norms of good and correct language usage. Effective sentence structure is crucial for conveying information clearly to readers. The discovery of these errors in the observation report text within the module prompted further research. The research aims to identify and address these writing errors to improve the module and enhance students' comprehension of the text. By analyzing these errors, the learning module can be tailored to better meet the needs of the students. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with the observation report text within the Indonesian language learning module as the primary data source. The method involves thorough reading of the text, error identification, analysis, categorization, and correction. The observation report text contains facts gathered from observation activities. The research revealed four writing errors: inconsistencies in the use of punctuation marks, diction, conjunctions, and inappropriate meaning. These errors are attributed to the author's limited knowledge and skills in report writing.

The Indonesian language learning module for high school X-grade students, created by Indri Anatya Permatasari, M.Pd, contains several writing errors. These errors include inconsistencies in punctuation marks, diction, conjunctions, and inappropriate meaning, which do not align with the norms of good and correct language usage. Effective sentence structure is crucial for conveying information clearly to readers. The discovery of these errors in the observation report text within the module prompted further research. The research aims to identify and address these writing errors to improve the module and enhance students' comprehension of the text. By analyzing these errors, the learning module can be tailored to better meet the needs of the students. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with the observation report text within the Indonesian language learning module as the primary data source. The method involves thorough reading of the text, error identification, analysis, categorization, and correction. The observation report text contains facts gathered from observation activities. The research revealed four writing errors: inconsistencies in the use of punctuation marks, diction, conjunctions, and inappropriate meaning. These errors are attributed to the author's limited knowledge and skills in report writing.

This article examines the analysis of sentence types in the History Text of Class XI Sociology Books in the Merdeka Curriculum. The content of this study uses narrative text. The purpose of this study is to describe functions, categories, and roles at the syntactic level. sentences in the presentation of sociology book material for class XI SMA/MA contained in Chapter 2 Social Problems Due to Social Grouping pages 41 to 81. This research is a literature study. Therefore, the method used in collecting data is reading and taking notes. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. In qualitative research, data is analyzed inductively, which means that specific things found during the research are grouped and conclusions are drawn from these results. This approach does not use the collected data to prove or disprove the hypotheses that have been made before but rather focuses on describing data to facilitate understanding. The writing method of this research adopts historiography as the main approach. Sentence structure analysis is also used to improve grammar skills and abilities to better understand. Sentence structure analysis itself is a topic that is rarely discussed. To improve the application of linguistic rules in writing historical texts, a good understanding of grammar, a broad vocabulary, and a habit of reading and writing historical texts are required. Therefore by analyzing sentence structures in historical texts in Sociology Class XI books SMA/SMA/ MA Kurikulum Merdeka, this research provides an overview of the variations in the use of sentence structures and the importance of correct grammar in understanding texts. It is hoped that this research can improve understanding of syntax and grammar which will facilitate understanding of sociology and historical texts.