Analysis of Froude Number and Hydraulic Jump Type in the Flow Through a Sluice Gate in a Secondary Channel

This study analyses the Froude number and type of hydraulic jump in flow through a sluice gate in a secondary channel, both with and without a wide sill. Culverts, as important hydraulic elements in irrigation systems, often trigger hydraulic jumps that have the potential to cause scour. This research is motivated by the need to understand the characteristics of hydraulic jumps in more detail, as a basis for designing effective energy dissipators. Unlike previous studies that focus on contraction coefficient and discharge, this study specifically examines the Froude number and classification of springboard types. This study used secondary data from Sunik's (2001) research which included discharge, water level and flow velocity data for two channel configurations: with and without wide sill. The analysed discharge data varied from 10 to 30 litres/second with variations in door opening. The analytical method used was the calculation of Froude number based on secondary data to classify the type of hydraulic jump. The objectives of this study were to determine the Froude number value and identify the type of hydraulic jump that occurred. The findings showed that discharge and door opening influenced flow characteristics and springboard type. In channels without a sill, discharge affects the transition of flow from subcritical to supercritical. The presence of a wide sill creates a more linear relationship between water level, velocity and Froude number. Varying the door opening affects the type of surge, from choppy, to weak, to vibrating, as the flow energy increases. Larger discharges resulted in higher Froude numbers and stronger surge types. This research makes an important contribution to the understanding of hydraulic springing phenomena and the design of energy dissipator.