The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar

Hajriani S ; Elpisah Elpisah ; Nurdin Nurdin
International Journal of Social Science and Humani... 📅 2025 Vol 2, No 1 🔗 DOI: 10.62951/ijss.v2i1.249
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model in improving critical thinking skills (Higher Order Thinking Skills/HOTS) and mastery of Social Science (IPS) concepts among 8th-grade students at UPT SPF SMPN 4 Makassar. A quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group was used, involving an experimental group (PBL) and a control group (conventional learning). The sample consisted of two classes (30 students per class) selected purposively. Data were collected through HOTS essay tests (pretest-posttest), PBL-based worksheets, and observation sheets. Data analysis was conducted using parametric statistical tests (independent sample T-test) supported by IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and Cohen’s d for effect size. The results show that, 1) the pretest indicated critical thinking and concept mastery were in the "Sufficient" category (96.67%), with only a small portion in the "Good" category (3.33%). After PBL implementation, post-test results revealed a significant improvement, with 93.33% in the "Good" category for critical thinking and a 23.33% increase in concept mastery. 2) PBL significantly enhanced critical thinking skills and 3) PBL significantly improved concept mastery in Social Science.
Keywords
Project-Based Learning (PBL); Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS); critical thinking; Social Science; educational effectiveness
How to Cite

Hajriani S, et al. (2025). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar . International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.62951/ijss.v2i1.249

Hajriani S; Elpisah Elpisah; Nurdin Nurdin, "The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar ," International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, vol. 2, no. 1, 2025.

Hajriani S; Elpisah Elpisah; Nurdin Nurdin. "The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar ." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, vol. 2, no. 1, 2025.

Hajriani S; Elpisah Elpisah; Nurdin Nurdin. "The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar ." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 2, no. 1 (2025).

Hajriani S, et al. (2025) 'The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar ', International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2(1). doi: 10.62951/ijss.v2i1.249.

Hajriani S; Elpisah Elpisah; Nurdin Nurdin. The Effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Critical Thinking and Social Science Concept Mastery in SMPN 4 Makassar . International Journal of Social Science and Humanity. 2025;2(1).

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