Studi Literatur Keanekaragaman Hayati Tanaman Paku (Pteridophyta) di Indonesia

This study aims to examine the biodiversity of ferns (pteridophyta) in Indonesia through literature studies. Indonesia is known as one of the countries with the highest biodiversity in the world, including in terms of fern species. Various environmental factors such as humidity, altitude, and soil type affect the distribution and abundance of fern species. Ferns have a role in the ecosystem, especially in maintaining environmental balance through carbon absorption functions, regulating soil moisture, and preventing erosion. However, ferns face threats from deforestation, land use experts, and ongoing climate change. Conservation efforts, especially in conservation areas such as national parks, are needed to protect the diversity of existing fern species. In addition, ferns have economic potential, especially as ornamental plants and in damaged ecosystem rehabilitation programs. Through community involvement and further research. Fern conservation in Indonesia is expected to be carried out effectively and sustainably.