Insomnia is a common sleep disorder. Insomnia can be managed with the use of sedative-hypnotic drugs, however, long-term use and specific dosages can lead to dangerous side effects. Therefore, alternative treatments utilizing natural substances such as Mimosa pudica and Caesalpinia sappan are needed. This study utilized 25 randomly divided mice into 5 groups. Diazepam was used as the positive control (+), aquadest and agar as the negative control (-), the group Extract MP (Mimosa pudica), Extract CS (Caesalpinia sappan), and the combination of Extract MP+CS (24mg/kgBW). Administration of the suspension was done orally via gastric lavage. The conclusion drawn from this study is that ethanol extracts of Mimosa pudica (MP), Caesalpinia sappan (CS), and their combination (MP+CS) at a dosage of 24 mg/kgBW exhibit sedative effects. Their effects and combination are comparable to standard synthetic drugs.

Among Indonesian society sweet tea is commonly recognized as an agent to help individuals experiencing hypoglycaemia before they are taken to the hospital. However, tea contains chemical compounds that can lower blood glucose levels. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of sweet tea in managing hypoglycaemia. A literature review method was employed, focusing on journals related to blood sugar levels, blood glucose, postprandial, hypoglycaemia, tea, green tea, black tea, Chinese tea, hypoglycaemia management guidelines, diabetes, and emergencies. Journals were sourced from the internet and limited to the past 15 years. Based on the review results, it is known that the administration of 15 grams of oral monosaccharide glucose can increase blood glucose levels by 2.1 mmol/L in 20 minutes, while 20 grams of oral glucose can increase blood glucose levels by 3.6 mmol/L in 45 minutes. Meanwhile, the administration of 3.3 grams of green tea can decrease postprandial blood glucose levels to 88.95 mmol/dL after 2 hours, the administration catechins of green tea for 369.14 mg actually decreases postprandial blood glucose levels to 88.95±6.13 mg/dL, and the administration of 32 grams of tea extract lowers postprandial blood glucose levels to 81.0 mg/dL. The conclusion drawn is that the administration of oral glucose to hypoglycaemic patients may be less effective when given with tea because tea contains polyphenols that inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase, activate glycolytic enzymes, thus inhibiting the process of glucose catabolism.

Stunting in toddlers is one of the prevalent issues of malnutrition in Indonesia. The causes of Stunting are diverse, and one contributing factor is the insufficient nutritional intake required for toddlers. The categorization of Stunting nutritional status in toddlers is crucial to identify those experiencing Stunting, enabling appropriate interventions to prevent more serious health problems in the future. This research aims to develop a classification model for short nutritional status in toddlers using the Naive Bayes Classifier method. The data utilized in this study originate from anthropometric measurements of toddlers in the Malebo area, Kandangan, Temanggung, Central Java. The anthropometric data include weight, height, and age of the toddlers. This data is then processed using the Naive Bayes Classifier method to classify the nutritional status of Stunting in toddlers. The results of this research are expected to assist in identifying toddlers experiencing Stunting, facilitating appropriate interventions to prevent more serious health issues in the future. Additionally, the Naive Bayes Classifier method employed can be applied in similar studies to enhance the quality of life, especially for children in Indonesia, particularly in the Malebo area, Kandangan, Temanggung, Central Java.

The research aims to elucidate the challenges faced by students and educators due to cyberbullying, along with effective prevention and intervention strategies. The research methodology involves a literature review with data collection through documentation. Data analysis includes reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Research findings indicate that prevention efforts involving a collaborative approach among schools, parents, and the community are crucial in creating a safe and supportive environment. Schools and educators can take steps to identify, address, and reduce cyberbullying incidents by introducing training programs, implementing strict school policies, and adopting teaching approaches that support the development of empathy and appreciation for diversity. Thus, schools can play an active role in eradicating cyberbullying.

The research aims to elucidate the phenomenological approach in an attempt to examine and understand various religious phenomena as they are, by allowing the manifestation of religious experiences. The research method employs a literature review with data collection through documentation techniques. Data processing involves the reduction and presentation of data. Research findings: The phenomenological approach has two characteristics: first, understanding the religion of others from a neutral standpoint, and then attempting to reconfigure that religion to align with the experiences of others based on their preferences. Second, formulating a taxonomy to classify religious and cultural community phenomena. The focus of religious phenomenology is essentially the exploration of the essence, meaning, and basic structure of human religious experiences. Human religious experiences have an irreducible essence and form the basic structure of human religion. The phenomenological approach can be introduced into the study of Islam as an acceptable approach when exploring Islam, and it includes practical examples often encountered in everyday life.

This research aims to explore further the dynamics of social change in the acceptance of LGBT individuals in Muslim communities. The study falls within the scope of literature review, where all acquired data sources are analyzed in-depth. Previous research findings are also incorporated into this study, supported by books, journals, and other scholarly works related to the topic. The research results indicate that various perceptions emerge in society regarding LGBT behavior. The reasons provided by various parties, including LGBT individuals and activists, contribute to the proliferation of pros and cons among the public. Some oppose LGBT behavior, arguing that it goes against prevailing norms, both religious and cultural. On the other hand, some support LGBT behavior, justifying it as a form of freedom to express one's rights.

This research aims to discover the ideal concept of entrepreneurship education in higher education. The study employs a qualitative paradigm with descriptive survey techniques. The research locus is conducted at the State Islamic Institute of Lhokseumawe. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education has been implemented before the implementation of the Independent Learning policy. The Independent Campus program provides opportunities for a series of innovations in implementing entrepreneurial management. This direction aligns with the orientation of the Independent Campus in shaping self-reliance and entrepreneurial spirit. Additionally, the implementation of entrepreneurship education stimulates a sense of independence in thinking and competitiveness through the improvement of management and technology optimization. The program's manifestation is carried out in the form of activities such as business units, internship programs, integrated learning programs, and entrepreneurship expos. On the other hand, faculty members innovate teaching through cultural learning and working transformation processes with an entrepreneurial spirit. This research has implications for the theoretical development of entrepreneurship concepts in the implementation of the Independent Campus policy.

In the process of seeking evidence, the issue of ta'arudh al-adillah or the existence of contradictory evidence arises, prompting the mujtahid to formulate potential resolutions to the conflict of evidence. This research aims to discuss methods of resolving seemingly conflicting pieces of evidence. The approach employed in this study is qualitative, utilizing a literature review method to examine sources and data related to the method of resolving ta'arudh al-Adillah in Islamic law. The research reveals that among the proposed methods of resolution is the effort to gather these pieces of evidence and compromise them to obtain a middle-ground legal ruling. This resolution method is referred to as al-jam'u wa al-taufiq. Additionally, mujtahid also employs the method of nasakh, which involves the annulment or cancellation of one of the conflicting pieces of evidence, emphasizing the evidence that was revealed first.

The actions taken by clerics to strengthen Islamic education in certain areas, such as Hamlet 02 in Kota Baru Village, Padang Ratu District, Central Lampung Regency in 2023, are various efforts aimed at developing and improving understanding and religious practices among the local community. The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts made by kiai in reviving Islamic education in hamlet 02 Kampung Kota Baru, Padang Ratu District, Central Lampung Regency. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Then proceed with analyzing the data through a system of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the kiai's efforts in reviving Islamic education in hamlet 02 through TPA Pondok Pesantren Baitussalam, namely by holding activities, namely Riyadah, recitation of mothers, simaan al-Qur'an, and grouping the ability of students into various classes. And there are inhibiting and supporting factors, the inhibiting factor is the lack of desire and low awareness of the community to learn Islam, while the supporting factor is funding, financial support also comes from him to develop and revive Islamic education.

Online gender-based violence against women is a social phenomenon that is increasingly common. Online gender-based violence against women takes advantage of technological developments and the use of social media. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of women's lives in the shadow of the phenomenon of online gender-based violence. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive approach involving female students from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Muhammadiyah University, Jakarta, academic year 2019 – 2020 as respondents. The method for determining respondents in this research is non-probability sampling - purposive. If we look at the current situation, gender-based violence has occurred in all walks of life, such as household life, society and in the political arena. Based on the grouping of types of platforms that are popularly used and have a high potential for online gender-based violence, namely Whatsapp and Instagram. If we look at the respondents' understanding of online gender-based violence, there are still respondents who do not really understand this social phenomenon. The most common cause of gender-based violence against women is low tolerance towards the opposite sex and knowledge about gender equality. This online gender-based violence has a broad impact, equivalent to the impact of gender-based violence that occurs conventionally, victims will experience emotional, psychological and social losses.