This gratuity is a practice that often occurs in a nation, which is carried out by state administrators or state officials. Gratification is one form given to state administrators or state officials to influence the performance of public officials which can create the potential for creating an economy at high costs and can affect the quality and fairness of services provided to the community. In the development of this gratification, initially gratification only took the form of money and goods, but in fact the practice of gratification has developed in the form of sexual services. This research seeks to answer the issue of limits on gratification as regulated in Article 12 B of the Corruption Eradication Law. Because the existence of gratification for sexual services must be regulated first so that the perpetrator can be subject to criminal sanctions. As a comparison for this research, it uses a comparative method by examining legal regulations regarding gratification in another country, namely Singapore.

This research explain how to implement civil cases settlement before and after the implementation from of E-Court system in electronic and conventional court. on this case it explains that civil cases settlement in a modern manner is described according to Supreme Court Regulation Number 7 of 2022 while conventionally described according to HIR / RBG. Before the advent of  system E-Court, the testing method was conducted conventionally. The optimization of these two forms of civil case settlement is then examined according to Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power where the judiciary is administered out with the principles of simple, fast and low cost. This research is a normative legal research with Statute Approach and Conceptual Approach methods. The research concluded: first, the existence of court dualism is still needed for justice seekers who still need conventional lawyers. Second. The implementation of Civil Case Settlement with the presence of E-Court as an effort to realize the principles of simple, fast and low cost in reality has not been optimal, however, E-Court has not fully resolved the cases received by the Supreme Court and the lower courts. That is, most cases are still conducted conventionally.

The aim of this research is to discuss defaults in rental agreements for flats for low-income communities in the city of Gorontalo in light of law number 20 of 2011 concerning flats. By reviewing the issues regarding the form of implementation of the rental agreement and the legal consequences of non-performance in the agreement, this research can benefit from this. The method used in this research is an empirical legal research method. The results of this research suggest that it is necessary to provide legal education to flat tenants by implementing the contents of the rental agreement as well as the responsibility of the government as the manager of the flat, then carrying out good coordination between the relevant and authorized parties in resolving a case/case.

This study aims to determine the criteria for plagiarism of fine arts according to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. In addition, it also seeks to determine the basis for the judge's consideration in Decision Number 31 / Pdt.Sus-Copyright / 2020 / Pn.Jkt.Pst. In this study, normative legal research was prescriptive. Normative is prescriptive, namely, examining library materials indicated in written regulations. The approaches used in writing this law are the case and statutory approaches. The results of this research, according to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, the criteria for plagiarism of works of fine art are if they meet the elements of 1) the existence of similarities in whole or in part that are substantial, 2) the recognition of private property to imitation works and 3) cause losses to the creator of imitation of works. In the judge's consideration in deciding the alleged case of plagiarism, the judge should take into account the following: 1) Proving the similarity between Love Light and Urban Light; 2) There is a loss incurred by the Plaintiff. In this case, the judge's consideration is based on the regulations of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning copyright, and the plaintiff can also prove all of them so that the defendant is found guilty.
 
 

Social engineering (SE) presents weaknesses that are difficult to quantify in penetration testing directly. The majority of expert social engineers utilize phishing and adware tactics to convince victims to provide information voluntarily. SE in social media has a similar structural layout to regular postings but has a malevolent intrinsic purpose. Recurrent Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-LSTM) was used to train a novel SE model to recognize covert SE threats in communications on social networks. The dataset includes various posts, including text, images, and videos. It was compiled over a period of several months. Then carefully curated to ensure that it is representative of the types of content that are typically posted on social media. First, using domain heuristics, the social engineering assaults detection (SEAD) pipeline is intended to weed out social posts with malevolent intent. After tokenizing each social media post into sentences, each post is examined using a sentiment analyzer to determine whether it is a training data normal or an abnormality. Subsequently, an RNN-LSTM model is trained to detect five categories of social engineering assaults, some of which may involve information-gathering signals. Thus, the proposed SEA model yielded a classification precision of 0.82 and a recall of 0.79.

The application of the STAD type cooperative learning method (Student Teams-Achievement Divisions) is a relevant strategy in efforts to improve students' mathematical abilities. In this research, we examine the effectiveness of using the STAD type cooperative learning style in improving students' mathematical abilities. This approach involves dividing students into small teams to encourage collaboration, joint problem solving, and knowledge exchange. We evaluated the impact of implementing this learning model on students' mathematical abilities and gained insight into effective learning strategies in the context of improving mathematics achievement.

In the current global era, character building is needed in all fields, especially in companies that want their human resources to be better at work. "The Flash" New Character Building is a form of training for PT Swabina Gatra in creating employees who are competent and have active, flexible, intelligent and humble personalities. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, by interviewing trainees and training participants directly and making observations during the activity. The new findings that occurred when this training was carried out were changes in the participants' mentality to become more agile and adaptive to the surrounding environment, the presence of stimulus and The response from the trainer makes the participants have higher motivation and enthusiasm. Regular training programs are carried out with the aim of being a refreshing activity for employees. The implications of The Flash New Character Building training have positive implications in improving personal quality, performance and interpersonal relationships of individuals, as well as forming a good organizational culture

Cross-sector land registration is land registration with subsidized assistance for low- income people who work in small and medium enterprises, SMEs, agriculture, fishermen, and fish farmers, in this case financing land rights certification services at the land office. That is how the issue is stated. (1) How Kupang City should go about implementing cross-sector land registration. (2) What are the challenges facing Kupang City in adopting cross-sector land registration? (3) How may cross-sector land registration be implemented in Kupang City? Empirical research is the methodology employed, and data is gathered through a literature review and interviewing 20 respondents. The findings of the study demonstrate (1) Kupang City's cross-sector land registration implementation procedure. Cross-sector land registration is implemented sporadically, making it a cross-sectoral process. sector comes before the gathering of legal data. (2) Obstacles to the implementation of cross-sector land registration in Kupang City include many incomplete documents, absences during the socialization of land title certificates, and problems with the applicant's land. (3) The solution to the obstacles to implementing cross-sector land registration is that the land authorities carry out monitoring and evaluation every week From the onset to the conclusion of the cross-sector implementation, and the community participates more in cross- sector implementation activities. This research has led to the following conclusions: (1) cross-sector land registration implementation Planning, negotiation, team building, gathering legal data, certification, and reporting are the phases of implementation that will take place in Kupang City based on the decision made by the head of the Kupang City Land Office. (2) Barriers to the implementation of cross-sector land registration In Kupang City, obstacles occur internally and externally, internal land parties must build relationships with related agencies and externally there are still many incomplete files, lack of community participation and land problems. (3) How to get around roadblocks in the way of Kupang's cross-sector land registration implementation; how to have officers be more proactive in reaching out to pertinent agencies and supplying information about cross-sector land registration.

This research examines the validity of agreements regarding the inclusion of exoneration clauses in e-commerce transactions. Agreements between marketplace companies and their users are packaged in the form of standard agreements. This allows for the inclusion of eksonerasi clauses containing exoneration elements that may harm users. The research method used by the Author is normative legal research with a prescriptive nature. The types and sources of research data include primary data consisting of legislation, basic principles, jurisprudence, and other fundamental regulations, as well as secondary data obtained through literature review. Based on the research findings, the use of standard agreements is generally allowed as long as it does not violate Article 18 paragraph (1) of the Consumer Protection Law. Such violation constitutes a breach of the conditions for the validity of the agreement in terms of a lawful cause, thus rendering the use of exoneration clauses legally void.

Analysis of the use of the Boruvka algorithm method in the context of electricity supply is an important topic in the development of electricity systems. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness and application of the Boruvka algorithm in distribution optimization and power grid management. We study ways in which the Boruvka algorithm can be used to identify optimal electricity distribution paths, improve system efficiency, and minimize the potential for grid damage or failure. This research provides a deeper understanding of the potential and limitations of the Boruvka algorithm in the context of modern electricity infrastructure.