Leadership in educational administration is a crucial aspect in achieving effective and efficient educational goals. This article aims to deeply examine various aspects of leadership in educational administration, including understanding, necessary skills, applied leadership styles, and specific functions that leaders must perform. The research method used is literature review, encompassing analysis of various literature and previous studies related to educational leadership. The research findings indicate that effective leadership in educational administration requires a combination of technical skill, human skill, and conceptual skill, along with the application of leadership styles suitable to the institutional context. Leadership functions such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling are also crucial to ensure efficient operations and goal achievement. The implications of this study provide insights and practical recommendations for educational leaders to enhance the performance and quality of their institutions, as well as to create an environment that supports learning and growth.

This research aims to analyze Kopiko's expansion strategy in entering international markets. Kopiko, as a superior coffee candy product from Indonesia, has successfully penetrated more than 80 countries throughout the world. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literacur study method to understand the strategies implemented by Kopiko in achieving global success. Data was obtained through in-depth literature study on the official PT website. Mayora Indah Tbk, analysis of company documents, and related previous research. The research results show that Kopiko's success in the international market is supported by several key factors, namely: (1) product adaptation according to local consumer preferences in each country; (2) effective marketing strategies, including the use of social media, influencers, and engaging advertising campaigns; (3) collaboration with local distributors who have a wide distribution network; (4) continuous product innovation to maintain consumer interest; and (5) consistent product quality. Kopiko also utilizes in-depth market analysis to select target countries with high growth potential. This research concludes that product adaptation and innovation strategies, coupled with careful marketing and strategic distribution cooperation, are the main factors for Kopiko's success in international market expansion. These findings can be a reference for other companies who want to expand their business to the global market

The aim of this research is to analyze and evaluate the work ethics and performance of tellers at Bank XXX, Tanjung Pinang Branch, and their impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The research method used is descriptive research with data collection through questionnaires and interviews. The research population includes all tellers and customers of Bank XXX, with a sample of 11 people selected using purposive sampling technique. The results show that the work ethics and performance of Bank XXX tellers are highly rated by customers, with the majority of respondents giving positive evaluations of teller services. Cooperation between tellers and Customer Service is also considered important in providing integrated and comprehensive services to customers. This research provides valuable insights for banking companies in improving services and maintaining customer loyalty.

The aims of this research are to help students new to English phonology understand its fundamentals. The study employs a literature review methodology to explore the field of English phonology. It addresses key topics for beginners, including the basic units of sound (phonemes) and their variations (allophones). The research also discusses vowel and consonant reduction, which impacts the pronunciation of certain sounds. Finally, it provides an overview of how consonant and vowel sounds are grouped based on their characteristics. By studying these elements, beginners can enhance their pronunciation, recognize different sound patterns, and improve their overall communication skills in English.

Appropriate financial management is key in managing regional finances that are vulnerable to risk. Even though financial risk exists, this does not always indicate a violation. Good financial management in the regions is the key to demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of public funds. This study uses a qualitative approach with primary data sources through interviews and direct observation in the field. The research results show that the South Magelang District OPD has implemented accounting procedures in accordance with regulations, achieving a full level of accountability with optimal transparency in administration and financial accountability. However, continued efforts are needed in financial management, supervision and reporting to maintain public trust and increase the effectiveness of financial management in the future.
 

The current global era is pushing countries in the world, including Indonesia, towards international trade. Financing for international trade activities carried out by Indonesia comes from foreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchange reserves are assets owned or saved in the form of foreign currency for foreign financing sources. This research aims to determine the influence of oil and gas and non-oil and gas exports on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The data that researchers used in this research was secondary data for 10 years, starting from 2014 to 2023, obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). This research uses quantitative methods and the analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using the Eviews10 program. The results of the analysis show that oil and gas and non-oil and gas exports together or simultaneously have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. Individually or partially, oil and gas exports have a negative and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. Meanwhile, non-oil and gas exports partially have a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia.

Abstract This research aims to analyze the marketing strategy of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk to enter the international market with a focus on Indomie instant noodle products. Obtain data from trusted sources such as academic journals and books through library research methods. A qualitative approach is used to understand Indomie's marketing strategy through content analysis and data interpretation. This company is famous for its high quality products and various innovations, especially in instant noodle products. Quality standardization in the production process is the key to success in the global market. Apart from that, PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk applies the cost-plus method in determining export selling prices so that its products are flexible and competitive in the international market. In terms of distribution, the company attaches great importance to quality, timeliness, safety and transportation costs. Indomie products are distributed through large wholesalers and retailers and are popular in overseas markets such as Australia. The findings show that effective and efficient marketing strategies have helped PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk maintain and expand its global market share.

In the digital era, universities play an important role in developing policies and technology to ensure students' academic integrity. This research aims to explore and analyze holistically the contribution and effectiveness of universities in maintaining academic integrity in the digital era. The research method used is a literature review with a semi-systematic review approach, which is then expanded with bibliometric analysis using the VOSViewer tool. Of the 115 papers identified in the bibliometric analysis with the keyword “college plagiarism”, it was found that the term “plagiarism” was often associated with “student”, “college”, “academic”, and “plagiarism”. Key relevant terms include “training”, “locus of control”, “rabin-karp”, “text mining”, “hash”, “levenshtein distance algorithm”, “similarity”, and “publication”. Universities should conduct training and strengthen students' locus of control to instill integrity values. The concept of “similarity” in plagiarism detection helps maintain the originality of academic work, while “rabin-karp” and “text mining” technologies are used to recognize plagiarized text and find suspicious patterns. The “hash” concept and “Levenshtein distance algorithm” are important in maintaining academic integrity, and “publication” ensures research meets academic integrity standards. Universities leaders are responsible for preventing plagiarism by implementing code of ethics and promoting awareness and understanding within the entire academic community.

This study aims to assess the efficacy of the phonics method in improving the English language proficiency of Indonesian first-grade elementary school students. The core group of 32 participants consisted of fifteen female and seventeen male students in the observation and interview techniques used to collect data. The results of this study showed that the phonics method can help increase the vocabulary of early childhood students, as the students can pronounce the letters correctly and remember the sounds of the letters and words. The findings show that the phonics method strengthens their early understanding of English by assisting first-graders in building a solid foundation. The study's findings showed that there are differences in the learning outcomes of beginning reading in students who follow the use of audio-visual media and in students who do not use audio-visual. Phonic method helped students build a solid foundation in reading, which in turn strengthened their foundation for English language proficiency. This study emphasizes the importance of phonics as a powerful teaching tool for developing reading skills in the early stages of formal education.

This study aims to find out how the Merdeka Learning curriculum is implemented and the challenges that must be faced in the implementation process. This type of research is a type of qualitative research by applying the literature study method by reviewing 5 national journals and 1 international journal that are relevant to the topics discussed. The stages carried out by the author in collecting data or information are by (1) finding and collecting reading material that is relevant to the main topics discussed, and (2) analyzing the reading material then drawing conclusions based on the main topic. The results of the study show that the process of implementing the curriculum at the junior high school level will run optimally if the teacher and the school understand in depth the concept of the Freedom to Learn curriculum and the presence of various supporting parties such as the community to student guardians. The challenges that become obstacles in the implementation of this curriculum are teachers who do not understand the concept of the Free Learning curriculum, limited facilities and infrastructure, limited learning resources, and the lack of the role of student parents in understanding the concept of Free Learning learning.