Publication Search

This study aims to examine the gastronomy of the traditional culinary dish Ayam Napinadar as part of Batak cultural identity, covering aspects of history, ingredients, processing techniques, cultural values, and preservation challenges. The background of this research is based on the importance of maintaining the sustainability of traditional cuisine amid modernization and changes in consumption patterns. The method used is a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with three informants, namely an MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Eterprises) practitioner, a traditional leader, and a consumer. The results show that Ayam Napinadar has a unique characteristic in the use of andaliman and blood (gota) as its distinctive flavor. Traditionally, the cooking process involves grilling over firewood to produce a characteristic smoky aroma, although it has now shifted to more practical methods without altering the original recipe. From a cultural perspective, Ayam Napinadar holds symbolic meaning as an expression of prayers, blessings, and joy in various Batak traditional ceremonies. However, there are challenges in its preservation, such as the declining participation of younger generations in traditional activities and the increasing influence of modern foods. In conclusion, Ayam Napinadar functions not only as food but also as a medium for preserving cultural values and ethnic identity. This study provides benefits as a basis for developing gastronomic tourism and strategies for preserving traditional cuisine through education, collaboration, and the use of modern promotional media.

This study aims to analyze the role of brand equity in enhancing the competitiveness of batik sandal products at “Dinara Wooden Heel.” The research adopts a qualitative approach using a case study method to gain an in-depth understanding of how the elements of brand equity namely brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association, and brand loyalty are developed and utilized by the business actors. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the business owner and consumers, direct observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique was conducted descriptively through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that brand equity plays a significant role in improving the competitiveness of Dinara Wooden Heel. The dimensions of perceived quality and brand association serve as the primary strengths in creating competitive advantage through consistent product quality and culture-based differentiation. Meanwhile, brand awareness declined due to distribution limitations during the pandemic, but has gradually recovered through the utilization of social media. On the other hand, brand loyalty has been established through repeat purchases, although its management remains relatively informal. Overall, the four dimensions of brand equity are integrated in enhancing competitiveness through brand visibility, product differentiation, consumer trust, and customer loyalty.

Seren Village has abundant organic waste potential, particularly banana peel waste generated from banana-processing MSME activities and wood ash resulting from household firewood combustion. To date, this waste has not been optimally utilized and is often discarded, thereby posing potential environmental problems. This study aims to process banana peel waste and wood ash into an innovative, environmentally friendly shoe polish made from natural materials, while also enhancing the economic value and welfare of the community. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the women’s Family Welfare Empowerment Group (PKK) of Seren Village as the target participants. The shoe polish production process includes drying and grinding banana peels, mixing them with a wood ash solution that functions as a natural coloring agent, adding supporting materials, and heating the mixture until a ready-to-use shoe polish is obtained. The results indicate that the shoe polish produced from banana peels and wood ash has a solid texture, is slightly coarse, non-glossy, and has a relatively fast drying time of approximately one minute. In addition, the product shows good resistance to water splashes and does not damage the surface of shoes. The use of natural ingredients makes this shoe polish safer for health. The utilization of this waste has the potential to support MSME development, reduce environmental pollution, and sustainably improve the welfare of the Seren Village community.

This study aims to 1). Observe and understand the stages of propagating F2 white oyster mushroom seedlings at Wairita Farm. 2). Compare the growth of F2 white oyster mushroom seedlings between corn cobs and a mixture of corn cobs and wood powder. 3). Improve the skills and add to the experience and knowledge of students so that they can apply the knowledge they have gained in the lecture hall. This study used a comparative descriptive experimental approach, which is to compare the growth of F2 white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) seedlings on two different types of seedling media. This research was conducted at the Wairita Farm in Wairbleler Village, Waigete District, Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, over a period of 7 days (Monday to Sunday) during working hours from 08:00 to 16:30 with a break from 11:30 to 14:00. This location was chosen because it is an agricultural business unit engaged in the cultivation of white oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). The study period was 3 months, from September 17 to November 17, 2025. Independent variables and dependent variables. Data were obtained through direct observation of mycelium growth, daily recording during the incubation period, and visual documentation. The results of this study indicate that the success of white oyster mushroom F2 seedling propagation is greatly influenced by the suitability of the medium to the physiological and ecological characteristics of the mushroom. A mixture of corn bran and wood powder proved to be more suitable and is recommended for use in the propagation of F2 white oyster mushroom seeds compared to pure corn bran media.

This study investigates biomass-derived surface engineering of AISI 1020 steel for electromedical applications using galam wood charcoal and chicken bone waste as carburizing media. Surface modification is required to improve the mechanical performance of low-carbon steel, particularly in applications that demand high wear resistance and long-term durability. A pack carburizing approach was applied using various ratios of biomass-derived media at a treatment temperature of 800 °C for 2 hours. Chemical composition was analyzed using Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES), surface hardness was evaluated using Micro Vickers hardness testing, and microstructural characteristics were observed using optical microscopy. The results show a significant increase in surface carbon content with increasing fractions of chicken bone powder, indicating its effectiveness as a carbon donor and diffusion promoter. The surface hardness increased from approximately 150 HV in the untreated condition to a maximum of about 860 HV in the treated specimen. Microstructural observations revealed the formation of a distinct carburized layer with increasing thickness and uniformity, consistent with enhanced carbon diffusion and surface strengthening. These findings demonstrate that biomass-derived surface engineering provides an effective and sustainable approach for improving the surface properties of low-carbon steel. The proposed method offers strong potential for environmentally friendly manufacturing of durable and reliable electromedical components.

This study aims to analyze product failures and propose improvement actions for cabinet products at CV. Arafah Jaya Purwakarta. Based on production data from November 2024 to April 2025, cabinet products showed the highest defect rate compared to other products, reaching 13%. The most common defects include wood cracks, warped wood, and brittle wood. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) was applied to identify and prioritize potential failures based on the Risk Priority Number (RPN), while Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) was used to systematically determine the root causes of failures. The analysis results indicate that the main causes of defects are related to substandard raw material quality, environmental conditions, and insufficient supervision during the production process. Based on the results of FMEA and FTA, improvement proposals were developed using the 5W+1H approach, focusing on improving raw material selection, controlling wood storage conditions, and enhancing work procedures and production supervision. These improvement efforts are expected to reduce defect rates and improve the overall quality of cabinet products.

Wood consumption in Indonesia, which is expected to reach more than 64.84 million m³ by 2025, is putting enormous pressure on forests, as evidenced by the reduction in forest area through the clearing of 96,230 hectares of forest in 2023. To reduce dependence on wood as a building material, alternative materials with comparable physical and mechanical properties are needed. Bamboo, especially laminated bamboo, was chosen because it has high tensile strength, a short harvest time, and abundant availability. This study examines the behavior of hollow section laminated bamboo beam-column connections with a glue-in-rod-bracket system to determine the ductility of the connection under unidirectional (static) loads. An experimental method was used with the independent variables of diameter and number of bolts, while the dependent variables included the moment-rotation of the connection, stiffness, strength, and ductility. The results show that the average ductility values for 4 and 6 thread rods D6, D8, and D10 mostly meet the SNI 1729 (≥1.25) and AISC 360 (rotation >0.03 rad) standards, with classifications ranging from "partially ductile" to "fully elastic." However, the 10-diameter 6-thread rod only achieved a ductility of 1.2, thus failing to meet the SNI standard. Based on the Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details, all connections fall into the non-seismic category because their ductility values are less than 3. These findings confirm the potential of laminated bamboo as an environmentally friendly construction material, while also providing technical guidelines for the design of non-seismic beam-column connections.

The unknown exact flexural strength of low carbon steel, Randu ribs wood, paving stones, and lightweight bricks is a problem faced. The purpose of this research is to obtain the flexural strength of low carbon steel, Randu ribs, paving stones, and lightweight bricks. The research method is carried out through the preparation of low carbon steel specimens 16mmx200mm, Randu ribs 40mmx60mmx250mm, paving stones 55mmx100mmx200mm, lightweight bricks 95mmx100mmx300mm, Tarno Grocky flexural testing machine settings, flexural testing support distance for low carbon steel 160mm, Randu ribs 220mm, paving stones 170mm, and lightweight bricks 260mm, flexural testing of each material, making flexural stress and deflection curves for low carbon steel, and analyzing flexural test results. The results of the study showed that the flexural strength of low carbon steel was 698 MPa at a deflection of 1.1 mm, the flexural strength of Randu rib wood in an upright position was 40.7 MPa, in a horizontal position was 55.5 MPa, in a normal position of paving stone in an upper position (normal) was 6.64 MPa, in a lower position (upside down) was 6.62 MPa, and in a lightweight brick was 1.28 MPa, which implies that the type of material, the distance between supports and the cross-section of the specimen greatly affect its flexural strength, except for ductile materials for low carbon steel which do not have flexural strength, but have yield strength at a certain deflection.

Technological developments and modern lifestyles have indirectly changed the way elementary school children interact with their surroundings. Most of them spend all day playing with gadgets. The lack of physical interaction with the natural environment is not just a matter of preference, but can also affect many important aspects of child development. Therefore, an innovative approach is needed to bridge this gap, namely, through aquascape training. Aquascape is the art of arranging and combining aquatic plants, water, sand, stones, driftwood, and other elements in a playful manner through a combination of underwater aesthetic styles in an aquarium. The purpose of this training is for children to be invited to directly recognize and understand aquatic ecosystems, but also to actively practice their responsibility, creativity, and awareness. Thus, it is hoped that aquascape training can divert a small portion of screen time to more meaningful real experiences, shaping a generation that is more connected to nature and the surrounding environment. The community service program was conducted for 110 fifth-grade students at Kebalenan State Elementary School in Banyuwangi Regency on January 14, 2025. The activity was carried out in person. Session 1 focused on Environmental Education and Ornamental Fish, while Session 2 involved training in creating a simple aquascape. During the training, the students showed high motivation, enthusiasm, and interest in participating in the activity.

The problems encountered are damage to the rubber wheel mount and universal/cross joints on the 90 m/hour capacity wood profile making machine, which can affect the uniformity and speed of wood profile making. Maintenance and repair planning aims to be able to create a maintenance and repair schedule for the 90 m/hour capacity wood profile making machine for the period 2026, estimate maintenance costs and the ratio of maintenance and repair costs to machine profits. The maintenance planning method includes collecting maintenance data from previous maintenance periods, reviewing the specifications of the wood profile making machine, estimating the age and price of components that are estimated to be damaged, estimating the cost and duration of dismantling and installing components that have been repaired in accordance with the provisions of the requirements for usable components or replacement spare parts, scheduling maintenance and repairs, estimating maintenance and repair costs for the period 2026, and determining the ratio of maintenance costs to profits. The planning results in the form of a maintenance-repair schedule for the period 2026; maintenance and repair costs in 2026, the ratio of maintenance costs to profits, and their implications indicate that the machine is still prospective and usable.

This research examines the implementation of green building principles in the design of the Multipurpose Building at SMP–SMA Islam Hidayatullah Semarang, focusing on energy-efficient strategies and spatial comfort based on the GREENSHIP GBCI certification criteria. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method through interviews with the architect, analysis of architectural drawings, interpretation of interior design visualizations produced by Falana Studio, and literature review on sustainable building design. The findings indicate that the building consistently applies passive design strategies, including the optimization of natural lighting through large openings and a central void, the application of cross-ventilation on each floor, and the integration of façade vegetation that reduces surface temperature and improves microclimate performance. Material selection such as GRC panels, HPL, and modular plywood supports long-term durability, while the interior design demonstrates strong visual comfort and ergonomic quality through indirect lighting, neutral color schemes, and activity-based furniture layout. According to the GREENSHIP assessment categories, the building fulfills Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EEC), Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC), Material Resources and Cycle (MRC), and Appropriate Site Development (ASD) criteria. In conclusion, the Multipurpose Building successfully integrates green building principles as an effective approach to energy efficiency and the enhancement of the educational environment.

This study discusses the design and development of an automatic safety system for a wood cutting machine using Arduino Uno, a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor, and a servo motor as the main components. The system is designed to automatically stop the movement of the wood cutting machine when human motion is detected around the cutting area, thereby minimizing the risk of work-related accidents. The research method includes hardware design, microcontroller programming, and system response testing using two types of test objects: the human body and a wooden block. The results show that the system operates according to the programmed logic. When the PIR sensor detects human motion, the servo motor stops and the red LED lights up as a danger indicator. In contrast, when no human motion is detected, the servo motor continues to move normally and the green LED remains on as a safe indicator. The system’s average response time is 0.6 seconds, indicating a fast and accurate performance. Therefore, the designed system is considered effective and can serve as a prototype of a simple safety tool to enhance operator safety in wood cutting machines.

This research is based on the awareness that music functions both as an artistic expression and as a cosmological representation embedded within the cultural structures of traditional societies. The Siwaluh Jabu traditional house in Lingga Village, North Sumatra, was selected as the object of study to examine the relationship between music and the cosmological views of the Karo people. The purpose of this study is to reveal the meaning of music within cultural practices and rituals carried out in the Siwaluh Jabu House, as well as to explore musical elements that reflect the continuity between humans, ancestors, and the universe. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through literature review, participatory observation, and interviews with traditional leaders and local artists. The data analysis was conducted through data reduction, classification, data presentation, and drawing of conclusion. The results of the study show that music both the vocal mantra “ole…ah…ole” and the Gendang Lima Sendalanen ensemble contains symbolic values that interpret wood as a natural element, sustain social connections between groups, and reinforce the social system embedded in the spatial organization of the Siwaluh Jabu traditional house. Music serves as a medium of spiritual and cultural communication that unites the physical and metaphysical dimensions of life. The implications of this research enrich the perspective of music culture and emphasize the importance of preserving traditional music as a local knowledge system integrated with the cosmology of the Karo people.

The use of sengon albasia ash waste as a partial cement substitute in concrete production is carried out to reduce combustion waste and also reduce cement use. This study focuses on the use of sengon albasia wood ash waste. The use of sengon albasia wood ash as a cement substitute causes a significant decrease in the slump test value. The use of sengon albasia wood ash as a partial cement substitute in concrete mixes actually produces different results depending on the proportion. If added as much as 10%, the concrete's compressive strength actually increases, but if it reaches 20% or 30%, the compressive strength actually decreases. This occurs because this type of wood ash has a significant water absorption capacity. As a result, the water that should be used for The chemical activity occurring between cement and water is diminished, so that the bond between the cement mixture as a binder and aggregate as a filler is reduced, and ultimately the concrete's compressive strength also decreases.

This study presents a woodcraft creation in the form of a wall clock with traditional Karo ornaments as the main visual element. The creation is driven by the urgency to preserve the visual culture of the Karo people, which is increasingly threatened by modernization, and the lack of distinctive local souvenirs in tourist areas such as Berastagi, which often offer only generic or mass-produced items. This creation aims not only to function as an indicator of time but also as a medium for cultural preservation, education, and the strengthening of the Karo visual identity in a contemporary context. The creative process applies the "three stages and six steps" approach by S.P. Gustami, which includes exploration, design, and realization. Exploration involves field observations of Karo architecture and artifacts, literary studies on Karo visual symbols, and careful selection of motifs, focusing on Tapak Raja Sulaiman, Takal Kerbo, and Pengeret-ret as representative elements rich in symbolic meaning. The design stage produces various sketches that integrate the functional aspect of the wall clock with the principles of ornamentation, ensuring both utility and cultural expression. Realization involves selecting local woods such as teak, mahogany, and jelutung, followed by manual carving techniques, the application of natural wood coloring, and protective finishing with melamine spray to ensure durability and aesthetic quality. The final result consists of twelve unique wall clocks that embody the aesthetic, symbolic, and cultural richness of the Karo people. This work demonstrates how traditional motifs can be re-contextualized into functional objects, making cultural heritage more visible and relevant in daily life, and is expected to inspire further innovation in the local crafts industry, contributing to long-term preservation and revitalization of regional cultural identity.

The production process of wooden batik at Sanggar Peni Krebet plays an important role in preserving local culture and supporting the economy, but workers face the risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to unergonomic working positions when performing activities such as sculpting, sanding, batik making, and boiling . Based on the NBM questionnaire on 15 workers, the highest complaints were found in the right upper arm (100%), right wrist (100%), and waist (88%). Research using the RULA and REBA methods revealed the batik activity to have a very high risk (RULA 7, REBA 11), requiring immediate improvement, while boiling had a medium to high risk (RULA 5, REBA 9), requiring investigation and change. The EFD emphasizes the importance of designing batik boiling stoves, chairs and tables that consider height according to the worker's body size, ergonomic working positions, and comfortable strainer handles. Tool development should focus on improving comfort, safety and efficiency, with design adjustments to support workers' postures and use lightweight yet strong materials. The application of these elements is expected to improve safety and productivity in the batik industry.

This study formulates a design concept for the Beach Tourism Resort Area in Botubarani Village by applying tropical architecture that responds to coastal climatic conditions while enhancing the quality of visitor experiences. The research integrates principles of thermal comfort, environmental sustainability, and the ecological potential of coastal environments as the basis for creating climate-adaptive and environmentally responsive tourism areas. The methodology includes site analysis, field observation, climatological assessment, and a literature review related to tropical architecture and coastal tourism design. The collected data were used to determine building orientation, mass layout patterns, visitor capacity, materials, vegetation, and utility systems appropriate for humid tropical climates. The findings show that the site’s position between the sea and the mountains, combined with full-day sun exposure, requires design strategies that maximize cross-ventilation, utilize sloped roofs, provide natural shading, and apply local materials such as wood, bamboo, and red brick. The large spatial needs based on visitor capacity projections are accommodated through a flexible cluster layout that supports visual and functional connectivity between buildings while incorporating green open spaces to enhance microclimate comfort. The utility system is designed using sustainability principles through greywater–blackwater separation, infiltration wells, and recycling-based waste management. This study confirms that the application of tropical architecture in coastal tourism areas can improve thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. These findings guide developing tropical tourism area designs that are more adaptive to climate change and more responsive to visitor needs.

This research aims to examine the role of music in the construction process of the traditional Karo house, Siwaluh Jabu, in Lingga Cultural Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. In Karo culture, music is not merely a source of entertainment but serves as a symbolic and spiritual medium that reflects cultural values, social cohesion, and the community’s belief system. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnographic approach through field observation, in-depth interviews with traditional figures, musicians, and local residents, as well as documentation of rituals and architectural elements of the Siwaluh Jabu house. The findings reveal that music plays a significant role in each stage of construction, starting from the selection of suitable wood to the completion ritual known as Mengket. The Gendang Lima Sendalanen ensemble—particularly through the performance of Gendang Limapuluh Kurang Dua—functions as a medium connecting humans with ancestral spirits, legitimizing the spiritual presence within the house, and strengthening communal cooperation. Music serves not only to regulate the rhythm of collective work but also to ensure harmony between humans, nature, and the unseen forces that are believed to inhabit the house. Therefore, music is an essential element that maintains cultural continuity, reinforces identity, and supports the preservation of the Karo intangible heritage amidst ongoing modernization.

This research analyzes the business licensing process for plywood products at PT Anugerah Albasia Abadi Talun, Blitar Regency. It aims to identify the processes undertaken, the obstacles encountered, and to provide recommendations. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach and the Triple Bottom Line framework, data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The research findings indicate that the company has successfully fulfilled all complex formal licensing requirements, including the Business Identification Number (NIB), Industrial Business License (IUI), Timber Legality Verification Sistem(SVLK) certificate, Environmental Management and Monitoring Efforts (UKL-UPL), and Forest Product Transportation and Trading License (IPHH), demonstrating a commitment to regulatory compliance. Nevertheless, the licensing process is still hampered by the disharmony between the digital Online Single Submission (OSS) system and manual practices, dynamic regulatory changes that are not yet widely disseminated, limited internal human resource capacity, and a lack of harmonization and coordination among government agencies. The Triple Bottom Line analysis reveals that licensing legality supports economic competitiveness and market access, while social aspects are well-established through local job creation and CSR programs. However, environmental management remains administrative and not yet fully performance-based. Therefore, the research recommendations focus on strengthening internal capacity, optimizing the OSS system, developing proactive environmental management, and enhancing continuous community involvement to achieve higher operational efficiency and sustainability

This study uses the rhinoceros beetle as the main subject in creating realism painting art because of its unique shape and strong symbolism of courage and resilience. In addition to having aesthetic value, the rhinoceros beetle also plays an important role in the ecosystem as a decomposer of dead wood and contributes to maintaining environmental balance. On the other hand, the existence of the rhinoceros beetle has cultural value in Indonesian society, especially in myths and traditional symbols. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach, with the process of creating works involving visual studies and symbolic interpretations. A total of three paintings were created by highlighting the morphological details of the rhinoceros beetle realistically and inserting symbolic meanings in its visual composition. The results of the study indicate that the rhinoceros beetle can be a source of inspiration in fine art and function as an educational medium to increase public awareness of the importance of preserving local fauna, especially insect species that are often overlooked.