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Land-use changes dominated by impervious surfaces in residential areas reduce the natural infiltration capacity of the soil and increase surface runoff, which may lead to flooding and waterlogging. This study aimed to design a rainwater infiltration well system as an effort to reduce surface runoff in Samudera Afroza 3 Housing Estate, Jambi City. A quantitative approach was employed through field surveys, hydrological analysis, soil permeability testing, GIS-based land-use analysis, and infiltration well design in accordance with SNI 8456:2017 and SNI 03-2453-2002 standards. Rainfall analysis was conducted using maximum daily rainfall data from 2014–2023, applying several probability distributions, with the Gumbel distribution identified as the most representative model. The results revealed that the residential area covers 8,104 m², with 91.84% of the land occupied by built-up surfaces, resulting in limited natural infiltration capacity. The average soil permeability value of 0.00024 m/s indicates favorable conditions for the implementation of infiltration wells. Based on the design calculations, 41 Type III infiltration wells are required, providing a total storage capacity of 289.665 m³ and an infiltration discharge of 0.0919 m³/s. The proposed infiltration well system is capable of reducing runoff volumes by 15.044%, 12.486%, and 11.223% for 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year return periods, respectively. Therefore, infiltration wells can be considered an effective alternative for water conservation and runoff management in residential areas.

Urban plant care is increasingly important for sustainable living, but many users face inconsistent watering, insufficient care knowledge, unsuitable plant selection and delayed disease recognition. This study presents Easy Grow Plants, an integrated web and Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem that connects plant care guidance, soil-moisture monitoring, automated watering, plant recommendation, image-based plant health assistance, marketplace functions, community interaction and plant exchange. The prototype was implemented using a React frontend, Django REST backend, SQLite database and an Arduino UNO R4 WiFi smart pot with a soil moisture sensor, relay module and DC water pump. Functional, interface, API, IoT connectivity, sensor calibration, watering control and LAN deployment tests were conducted. The results show that the core modules operated together as an integrated academic prototype. The system demonstrates a practical foundation for smart urban gardening, although cloud deployment, multi-device testing and stronger AI validation remain future improvements

Limited land availability is a major constraint in developing school infrastructure in active urban educational facilities. This study evaluates the classroom development plan at SDN 39 Lubuklinggau from the perspective of a planner, focusing on land limitation, functional needs, safety, constructability, and long-term building performance. A descriptive-evaluative approach was applied through technical observation, document review, alternative assessment, weighted scoring, and risk analysis. The results indicate that horizontal expansion is constrained by limited open space and may reduce internal circulation, student activity areas, and emergency space. Three alternatives were compared: horizontal expansion, building rearrangement, and a two-storey classroom scheme. The two-storey alternative obtained the highest score of 84, compared with 61 for rearrangement and 56 for horizontal expansion. However, its feasibility depends on further soil investigation, structural design, staircase and evacuation safety, utility coordination, construction phasing, and strict site safety control. The study recommends that the planner prioritize detailed site measurement, geotechnical investigation, detailed engineering design, construction safety planning, and post-construction functional evaluation. A vertical classroom strategy can be considered a rational solution for land-constrained schools when supported by accountable technical planning and integrated project control.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) provides short-term income for rural communities but frequently creates environmental, safety, and governance problems when it operates outside formal control. This study aimed to analyze the existing condition of ASGM, identify the driving and inhibiting factors of its arrangement, describe the perceived impacts, and formulate strategic directions for ASGM arrangement in Karang Jaya District, North Musi Rawas Regency, Indonesia. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied using semi-structured interviews supported by secondary data on the study area, population, and agricultural land use. Twenty-two informants represented district officials, village officials, technical agencies, company representatives, community leaders, nearby residents, and ASGM actors. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that ASGM development is driven by gold potential, mining history, household economic pressure, limited alternative employment, and weak field control. The main impacts include land degradation, open mining pits, landslide and occupational accident risks, and mercury-related water and soil contamination. The recommended strategy combines alternative livelihood development, skills training, local economic institutional strengthening, gradual area monitoring, land rehabilitation, and mercury-risk education.

Poor soil quality and inefficient nutrient utilization remain major constraints in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation, often resulting in reduced plant growth, lower productivity, and suboptimal fruit quality. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of rose tomatoes through the integration of open-field cultivation and hydroponic planting systems. The research methods included land preparation using the Pythagorean technique to ensure proper spacing and planting layout, the application of organic fertilizers to improve soil fertility, and the transition to a hydroponic drip irrigation system using rockwool as the growing medium during weeks 1 to 7 of plant development. Plant growth parameters, including plant height, leaf development, stem vigor, and overall plant health, were observed throughout the cultivation period. The results indicated that the combination of appropriate soil management practices and precise nutrient delivery in the hydroponic system significantly enhanced nutrient uptake and supported healthy plant growth. Furthermore, the drip irrigation system helped optimize water use efficiency while reducing nutrient losses. This integrated cultivation approach demonstrated its potential as an effective solution for maintaining crop quality and productivity, particularly in areas with limited land resources. Overall, the findings suggest that integrated management practices can provide a practical, efficient, and sustainable strategy for farmers seeking to improve horticultural production in modern agricultural systems.

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is recognized as one of the horticultural commodities with significant economic value and an important contribution to food security in Indonesia. However, conventional cultivation practices still face various challenges, including limited land availability, climate uncertainty, and disturbances from plant pests and diseases. These conditions highlight the need for the implementation of innovative technologies to improve production efficiency while maintaining yield stability. One approach that has been increasingly developed is the hydroponic system, a cultivation technique that does not rely on soil as a growing medium but instead utilizes nutrient solutions as the primary source of essential elements. This article aims to examine various aspects of hydroponic chili cultivation, including the roles and benefits of the plant, different types of hydroponic systems, abiotic and biotic stress factors, and cultivation management strategies. Based on the review conducted, hydroponic systems, when supported by optimal nutrient management and environmental conditions, are capable of enhancing both the yield and quality of chili plants. Therefore, the development of hydroponic-based chili cultivation is considered to have promising prospects as a solution to support sustainable agriculture in the future.

The use of synthetic dyes in the textile industry has caused various environmental problems due to waste that is difficult to degrade and has the potential to contaminate water and soil. Therefore, the development of environmentally friendly natural dyes is an important alternative to be explored. One potential but underutilized source of natural dye is kirinyuh weed (Chromolaena odorata L.), which is known to contain natural pigment compounds such as tannins and flavonoids. This study aims to analyze the dyeing quality of primissima cotton fabric using kirinyuh leaf extract with variations of alum and ferrous mordants through a mordanting process. The research employed an experimental method, including hot extraction of kirinyuh leaves, dyeing of primissima cotton fabric, and mordanting using alum and ferrous salts. The evaluation of dyeing quality focused on washing color fastness and light color fastness tests based on standard textile testing methods. The results indicate that the type of mordant significantly affects the resulting color quality. Alum mordant produced relatively lighter colors with good washing fastness, while ferrous mordant resulted in darker shades with similarly good washing fastness. However, color fastness to light showed relatively lower values, particularly in fabrics treated with alum mordant. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that kirinyuh leaf extract has the potential to be used as a natural dye for primissima cotton fabric, although further optimization is required to improve color resistance to light exposure.

This study aims to determine the soil classification of rock disintegration products based on the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and analyze its relation to sample depth variations on the lowwall slope of Pit North, PT Karya Putra Borneo, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. Soil samples were obtained through the Slake Durability test, simulating rock weathering from wetting and drying cycles, producing fine particles classified as weathered soil. These samples were analyzed for physical properties using Atterberg Limits tests and Grain Size Analysis. Observation point coordinates were X 508523.011 m, Y 9922791.186 m, at an elevation of 87.548 m. Drilling indicated soil material at 0–1.5 m depth; claystone with coal fragments at 2.97–4.44 m; siltstone with coal fragments at 4.44–10.55 m; and claystone at 12.05–29.36 m. USCS classification showed the materials were dominated by fine-grained soils: clay (CL) and silt (ML), with minor silty sand (SM). Correlation with borehole depth revealed no significant changes in soil classification, indicating that depth variations primarily affect soil physical properties rather than its classification type.  

The Aceh Tamiang region was one of the areas affected by the hydrometeorological disaster. The disaster not only caused damage to community facilities and infrastructure but also left behind dead soil deposits that were poor in nutrients, dense in texture, and less productive for supporting agricultural and plantation activities. Research was conducted to examine strategies for utilizing dead soil after flooding by processing it with organic materials so that it could be converted into organic fertilizer with utility and economic value. This research aimed to find environmentally friendly land rehabilitation solutions, increase soil productivity, and open new business opportunities for disaster-affected communities. The results showed that the combination of flood sediment soil with organic materials significantly increased nutrient content, improved soil structure, increased water holding capacity, and accelerated the growth of test plants compared to untreated soil. Furthermore, this program provides dual benefits: on the one hand, it serves as a post-disaster land rehabilitation solution, and on the other hand, it serves as an opportunity for an organic fertilizer business that can reduce the community's dependence on relatively expensive chemical fertilizers. The implications of this research are not only limited to the technical aspects of agriculture but also touch on the socio-economic dimensions of the community. Utilizing dead soil as organic fertilizer can strengthen local economic resilience, increase farmer independence, and encourage the creation of environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural systems. Therefore, this strategy can serve as an innovative model for addressing the impacts of hydrometeorological disasters in other areas facing similar challenges.

This study presents an innovation design for an Internet of Things (IoT)-based watering and liquid fertilizer control system for chili plants using a NodeMCU ESP32. The main problem addressed is the manual watering and fertilizing process, which makes it difficult for farmers to monitor soil moisture, temperature, air humidity, and light intensity in real time. The recommended method used in this draft is Research and Development (R&D) with a prototyping approach because the study focuses on designing, building, integrating, and testing an IoT device through iterative stages. The system is designed using a soil moisture sensor, DHT11, LDR sensor, two-channel relay, two 12 V DC pumps, 16x2 I2C LCD, and the Blynk Mobile application for remote monitoring and control. Sensor data are transmitted to Blynk as percentage values and plant condition statuses, while the water and fertilizer pumps can be controlled using virtual buttons. The control logic defines the optimal condition for chili plants based on soil moisture of 60-80%, temperature of 25-30°C, air humidity of 60-80%, and light intensity of 50-90%. Prototype documentation and functional testing data will be completed in the next stage.

This study discusses the design and testing of a growing media moisture and water level monitoring system based on ESP32-MQTT. The system was developed to support real-time monitoring of growing media conditions and water availability through a monitoring dashboard. This research used an experimental method with a design and implementation approach by developing an ESP32 circuit connected to a capacitive soil moisture sensor and a water level sensor, then sending sensor data to the dashboard through the MQTT protocol and Node-RED. Testing was carried out using a plant pot as the moisture testing medium and a water container as the water level testing medium. The results showed that the growing media moisture sensor displayed 0% in dry and very dry soil conditions, 61% in moist soil, and 89% in very moist soil. The water level sensor displayed 0 cm, 2.4 cm, and 4 cm according to the testing conditions. These results indicate that ESP32-MQTT can be used as an initial prototype for monitoring growing media moisture and water level before being applied to a complete hydroponic or aquaponic system.

The problem of urban flooding is a growing issue due to high population density, increasing volumes of plastic waste, and the reduction of water absorption areas. The use of conventional paving blocks, which are impermeable, further exacerbates flooding conditions because they do not allow water to infiltrate into the soil. This study aims to develop an innovative plastic waste-based paving block incorporating rice straw and sugarcane bagasse, along with the integration of phytoremediation concepts as a solution for urban flood mitigation. The method employed was an experimental approach involving the following stages: material preparation, plastic incineration, material mixing, molding, and testing of water absorption capacity and compressive strength. The results showed that paving blocks with a combination of plastic waste, rice straw, and sugarcane bagasse had the highest water absorption rate of 34% and compressive strength of 21 kg/cm², meeting SNI standards. The addition of natural materials containing silica was proven to enhance the material’s porosity and strength. Additionally, the application of phytoremediation using water hyacinth has the potential to improve the quality of water seeping into the soil. Thus, this phytoremediation-based paving block innovation can serve as an effective alternative solution to reduce flood risks while supporting sustainable waste management and environmental stewardship.

Takaras River is a river basin that is vulnerable to pollution, particularly from the mercury usage in small-scale gold mining. This study aims to identify water quality based on mercury (Hg)and pH levels in the Takaras River. Samples were taken at two locations using a purposive sampling method. Results showed indications of mercury use on former gold mining land around the Takaras River altought the mercury content level was below 0.075 µg/L or 0.00075 mg/L in sample 1 and 2. Based on the test results, the acidity level (pH) in the two water samples from Takaras River is 3.86 and 3.84 in sample 1 and 2, compared to the maximum pH quality standard of 6-9 for Class II water, it is concluded that the scale of acidity in Takaras River is very low, indicating that the water quality in the Takaras River is highly acidic, abnormal, and shows signs of serious pollution. The implications of low pH levels in the Takaras River can cause damage to the Takaras River ecosystem, a decline in soil quality and fertility, and an increase in heavy metal toxicity in the environment surrounding the river.

Nitrogen is an essential element for soybean growth, particularly in the formation of vegetative organs and seed protein. The nitrogen requirement of soybean plants varies according to their growth stages. This study aimed to quantify nitrogen levels in soil and plant tissues of Anjasmoro soybean variety over a 13-week cultivation period. Observations were conducted weekly by collecting soil and plant samples from three randomly selected polybags. Nitrogen analysis was performed using a colorimetric Kjeldahl method. The results showed that nitrogen supply was obtained not only from soil media and fertilizers, but also from biological nitrogen fixation facilitated by symbiotic microbes forming root nodules as well as non-symbiotic soil microbes. The lowest total soil nitrogen content was recorded at 0 weeks after planting (WAP) at 0.20%, while the highest was observed at 7 WAP at 0.82%. The lowest total nitrogen content in plant tissue occurred at 8 WAP at 1.80%, whereas the highest was recorded at 4 WAP at 8.07%. Soybean plants experienced etiolation due to suboptimal light intensity, resulting in a vegetative phase that was prolonged by two weeks. Nitrogen uptake during this extended vegetative period reached 4.6%. The average total nitrogen absorbed by the plants during cultivation was 2.881 g per plant, while total nitrogen accumulation in the system increased by 26.285 g per plant.

The farmer empowerment program in Dilem Village, Gondang District, was implemented through training on the production of solid compost based on livestock manure as an effort to enhance the independence and agricultural productivity of the local farming community. This training was designed to utilize local resources through a village potential–based approach that emphasizes the optimization of livestock waste and organic materials available in the surrounding environment. The implementation methods included socialization activities, material delivery, hands-on practice in compost production, and post-training assistance to ensure the sustainability of technology application at the farmer level. The results of the program indicated an increase in farmers’ knowledge and skills in the compost-making process, enabling them to produce organic fertilizer independently and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers. This program also had a positive impact on soil quality, production cost efficiency, environmental cleanliness, and supported environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practices. Thus, this training activity contributes to strengthening the local economy, improving farmers’ welfare, and developing a sustainable agricultural system based on local resources in Dilem Village in a continuous and practical manner.

This paper explores the role of Mary as a model of salvation in Catholic faith, focusing on the understanding of Mariology within the cultural context of the Ende-Lio people in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. Mary is regarded not only as the Mother of Jesus Christ but also as an example of faith marked by humility, obedience, and hope. Her humility and willingness to accept God’s will, especially in the Annunciation, serve as a concrete inspiration for Catholics to respond faithfully to God’s call. Within the Ende-Lio culture, which values loyalty, solidarity, respect for ancestors, and harmony with nature, Mary becomes a figure closely connected to daily life. Devotions such as the rosary, pilgrimages to Marian grottoes, and the celebration of the Marian months highlight Mary’s living presence in both the faith and cultural traditions of the community. Thus, Mary serves as a bridge between the Gospel and local culture, revealing a Church that is rooted in its own soil yet remains faithful to Christ. This reflection affirms that contextual faith is a living faith deeply rooted in local culture while open to the saving work of God.

Rice plants (Oryza Sativa L.) are the main staple food commodity in Indonesia, as most of the Indonesian population relies on rice as their primary food. One of the causes of low rice production in Indonesia is that farmers generally cultivate rice improperly, such as in land preparation or land selection. Land suitability in rice cultivation greatly affects crop productivity. A process that can support decisions regarding rice land suitability is the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) website using a combination of the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method and the Technique for Order Performance of Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This combination is performed by taking the average (µ) of the final results from the SAW and TOPSIS methods. The final scores of each method are calculated separately, and then the average (µ) of these two results is taken to obtain the final ranking of the alternatives. The data used to determine the suitability of rice land is based on five criteria: soil type, soil pH, rainfall, temperature, irrigation and water supply. The alternative data used in the study includes six alternatives: Sungai Kunjang, Sambutan, Samarinda Utara, Palaran, Loa Janan Ilir, and Samarinda Seberang. The aim of this research is to provide information on alternative solutions to farmers or farmer groups in determining rice land suitability. The results of the combination of the SAW and TOPSIS methods show that the alternative with the highest final score is Samarinda Utara (A3), with a final score of 0.7337. Meanwhile, the alternative with the lowest final score is Sambutan (A2), with a final score of 0.4402.

The agricultural sector plays a strategic role in meeting food needs while maintaining environmental sustainability and community welfare. However, conventional farming practices that rely on chemical inputs have caused various problems, such as soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, and environmental pollution. This condition has encouraged the adoption of the Sustainable Agriculture concept, which emphasizes a balance between ecological, economic, and social aspects. Its successful implementation is strongly influenced by farmers’ perceptions as the main actors. This study aims to analyze rice farmers’ perceptions of the implementation of Sustainable Agriculture in swampy areas of Tebas District, Sambas Regency. The research was conducted from October to November 2025 using a survey method involving 95 farmers selected through the Slovin formula and proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and Likert-scale questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. The results show that farmers’ perceptions are generally positive, particularly regarding water management, variety selection, and cropping patterns. However, the use of organic fertilizers, environmentally friendly pest control, and post-harvest management are still considered difficult. Education level and non-farming occupations significantly influence farmers’ perceptions. Therefore, enhancing extension services, training, and support for business diversification is necessary to promote the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture.

This study is based on the suboptimal management of waste transportation in Tanjungpinang City, caused by limited fleet capacity, uneven service routes, a lack of human resources, and inconsistent implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This situation has led to waste accumulation at various points and an excessive load on the Ganet Final Disposal Site (TPA), which uses a controlled landfill system. The system aims to minimize pollution through waste compaction, soil covering, and leachate and methane gas management, but its implementation has not been optimal due to limited facilities and infrastructure. This study aims to evaluate the management of waste transportation to the Ganet landfill and identify the obstacles that arise. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, involving the Environmental Agency, the Ganet Landfill Technical Implementation Unit, field officers, fleet drivers, and residents around the Temporary Cleaning Site (TPS). The findings reveal that waste transportation management is already being carried out through standard operating procedures (SOPs) and inter-unit coordination, but is still hampered by fleet limitations, landfill capacity that is nearly full, service routes that do not cover the entire area, and minimal community participation. Therefore, additional fleets, infrastructure improvements, strengthened supervision, and community outreach are needed to achieve sustainable waste management.

Negeri Haruru in Central Maluku Regency currently faces dual environmental challenges: unmanaged household organic waste and the frequent occurrence of surface water puddles during periods of high rainfall. This community service activity aims to educate and provide practical skills to junior high school students in Negeri Haruru regarding the implementation of 3R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) through the innovation of Biopore Infiltration Holes (LRB) using recycled plastic bottles as a cost-effective alternative to conventional liners. This innovation is designed to reduce plastic waste while simultaneously managing organic waste and improving soil water infiltration capacity independently at the household level. The implementation method involved participatory socialization, interactive discussions, and hands-on demonstrations of constructing biopore installations. The results indicated a significant increase in students' understanding of the role of soil fauna as decomposing agents and their technical ability to assemble used plastic bottles into functional biopore modules. The implementation of this innovation proved effective in maintaining the structural integrity of the infiltration holes and facilitating the biological decomposition of organic waste into compost. This program is expected to serve as a sustainable community-based environmental management model to minimize puddles and address waste problems in Negeri Haruru through a low-cost, appropriate technology approach.