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Tinea incognito is a dermatophyte fungal infection when the clinical picture becomes unclear due to inappropriate treatment, which is usually caused by the use of topical steroids in cases of skin infections. A 46-year-old woman came with complaints of itchy reddish patches all over her body, experienced for 2 years. The itching worsened when consuming anchovies. The patient said she often took medication bought from a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription, the patient took methylprednisolone tablets and ointment. The itching complaint improved, but after stopping taking the medication, the itching complaint increased, and the patches widened. The patches first appeared on the right leg, initially resembling prickly heat spots then widened and spread to other parts of the body. Currently, the patches appear red in the shape of a ring with a clearer center. The patches were found on the face, neck, chest, abdomen, back, buttocks, left hand, and left foot. The patient noticed within a few months after taking the medication that her body was swollen, her weight increased, and her face looked rounder. A 20% KOH examination found hyphae and spores. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with Tinea Incognito caused by long-term topical steroid use. The patient was prescribed antifungal therapy with Ketoconazole 200 mg tablets once daily and Ketoconazole cream twice daily.

Herpes zoster is a skin infection caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, characterized by unilateral skin lesions corresponding to dermatome distribution and complaints of pain or itching. This disease is more common in adults and the elderly, especially in individuals with reduced immunity due to stress or work overload. A case was reported of a 40-year-old woman who worked as a nurse and came to a primary health care facility complaining of itching and red spots on her right breast area that had spread to the surrounding area two weeks before the examination and had worsened in the last few days. Physical examination revealed unilateral red skin lesions in a dermatomal pattern without crossing the midline of the body, consistent with the early phase of herpes zoster. Management was comprehensive, including medication, patient education about the disease and skin care, prevention of complications, and family support. A holistic approach is necessary to improve the success of therapy and the patient's quality of life.

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a skin infection caused by the Molluscipox virus and is common in children and adults with active sexual activity. The disease is characterized by the appearance of small, smooth, papule-shaped lesions that have a hollow in the center (umbiliation). MC transmission takes place through direct contact with contaminated lesions or objects, such as towels and clothing, so the spread is quite wide globally. The diagnosis is established through an anamnesis, clinical examination, and physical evaluation. MC therapy is generally supportive, but in certain cases medical measures such as excision and curettage are required to remove the lesion effectively. The use of topical creams containing Fusidic acid, such as Fucilex cream, is often recommended to prevent secondary infections and speed up the postoperative healing process. Proper and prompt treatment is essential to prevent further complications and speed up the patient's recovery. MC has a psychosocial impact, especially on children, so education to parents and health workers is an important part of the treatment strategy. Prevention can be done through increased personal hygiene and avoidance of contact with contaminated objects. The study emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach in diagnosis, therapy, and education to reduce the prevalence of MC and its impact on public health.

Providing education on how to wash hands properly is an important effort to increase awareness of clean and healthy living, especially for young children. Children at this age are in a very rapid developmental stage, so the information and habits taught are more easily absorbed and formed into daily behavior. However, children's awareness and understanding of the importance of hygiene, especially handwashing, is still relatively low. Therefore, health education is essential to instill good habits from an early age. Washing hands with soap is one of the Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors (PHBS) that is effective in preventing the spread of various types of diseases, especially diseases transmitted through hands, such as diarrhea, ARI, and skin infections. PHBS about handwashing must be a habit applied in daily life, both in the family, school, and community environment. This educational activity was carried out at St. Francis Xaverius Pineleng Catholic Kindergarten with the aim of increasing knowledge and forming handwashing behavior according to the six recommended handwashing steps. The implementation method included providing educational materials, showing a video song that teaches the six steps of handwashing, demonstrations by the implementer, and direct practice by the children with movements and songs. The results of the activity showed an increase in children's knowledge and skills in washing their hands properly. The children demonstrated enthusiasm and active participation during the educational process. It is hoped that teachers and parents will continue to encourage children to practice hand hygiene to prevent illness and foster healthy lifestyles from an early age.

Flooding is one of the disasters that often occurs in Aceh Province. One of the areas in North Aceh Regency that is most frequently affected by flooding is the Matangkuli sub-district with an annual incidence of more than 10 times with a height of more than one meter. One of the impacts of flooding on public health is the occurrence of skin diseases caused by fungi. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes of the community to preventing fungal skin infections in Matangkuli District.The method used in this study is descriptive correlative using a cross sectional design. Sampling in this study used a cluster sampling technique with a sample of 92 respondents.Data analysis in this study used the Spearman correlation test. The results of this study, namely, 62% of respondents had a good level of knowledge of preventing post-flood skin fungal infections and a good attitude towards preventing post-flood skin fungal infections was found in 78.26% of respondents.This study also found a strong relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes towards preventing fungal skin infections with a correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.752 which indicates a strong relationship between knowledge and attitudes of the community in preventing post-flood fungal skin infections.

EcoCleanzyme Wash is an innovative dishwashing liquid based on ecoenzyme, a liquid derived from the fermentation of organic waste such as fruit peels, vegetable scraps, brown sugar, and water. This product offers an environmentally friendly solution for household needs while addressing the challenges of suboptimal organic waste management. The three- month ecoenzyme fermentation process produces a liquid rich in natural enzymes with antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties, capable of breaking down harmful organic compounds. EcoCleanzyme Wash provides a safer alternative compared to conventional dishwashing liquids, which often contain harmful chemicals that can pollute water and soil. This product not only effectively cleans utensils but also supports the concept of sustainability by utilizing household organic waste. Additionally, EcoCleanzyme Wash helps reduce environmental pollution, often caused by improperly managed household waste. In Indonesia, organic waste constitutes the largest portion of household waste, which, if left unmanaged, can contaminate water, soil, and air, leading to various health issues such as diarrhea and skin infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. The use of ecoenzyme in EcoCleanzyme Wash represents a tangible step toward promoting the concepts of reuse and sustainable waste management, aligned with government regulations on waste handling. This product also contributes to reducing negative impacts on ecosystems and raising public awareness about the importance of managing organic waste. This research aims to provide a detailed guide on the production process of ecoenzyme-based dishwashing liquid, covering the utilization of organic raw materials, fermentation steps, and product formulation. It is expected that the findings of this research can serve as a reference for the development of other environmentally friendly products and encourage innovation in household waste management. EcoCleanzyme Wash is a progressive step in creating a product that not only fulfills household needs but also positively impacts the environment.

In the fruit processing industry, peel is one of the main by-products. Non-edible portions of fruit are likewise seen as waste and are frequently thrown out into the environment. Nowadays, one of the main sources used by the pharmaceutical sector to isolate and extract secondary metabolites is fruit peels. Many applications known for lime peel, especially for antibacterial. This study focuses on the isolation, chemical composition characterization, and antibacterial activity on skin pathogenic bacteria of lime peel essential oil (LPEO). LPEO were isolated using steam distillation and characterized by GC/MS. A total of 24 components were identified. The major constituents of the LPEO were d-limonene (40.24%), β-terpinene (15.68%), sabinene (13.15%), citral (3.41%), α-Terpineol (3.40%), and terpinene-4-ol (2.94%). The antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby-Baurer method against several bacteria that can cause skin infections. The antibacterial activity of LPEO against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionicbacterium acne is confirmed. LPEO showed varied levels of antibacteria activity against the gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Zone of inhibition (ZOI) in millimetres was used to measure the antibacterial activity, and amoxicillin was used as a control.  

Shina, mai., 2024, test of antibacterial activity of extract, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction of chinese petai leaf (leuncaena leucocephala) against staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, thesis, faculty of health sciences, duta bangsa university, surakarta one of the traditional medicines that currently has the potential to be developed is the chinese petai plant (leucaena leucocephala). Chinese petai leaves are used by the people of indonesia as a remedy for new and swollen wounds. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccus bacterium that is the main pathogen in humans. Almost everyone has experienced a wide variety of staphylococcus aureus infections during their lifetime, from severe food poisoning to minor skin infections. The methods used in this study are diffusion and dilution. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of water extracts and fractions, ethyl acetate fractions, and n-hexane fractions of chinese petai leaves (leuncaena leucocephala), to find the most active extracts and fractions based on their inhibitory zones, and to determine the khm and kbm of the most active extracts against staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923. Based on research conducted on ethanol extract, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction of chinese petai leaves have antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923. The most active extract in inhibiting staphylococcus aures atcc 25923 judging from its inhibition zone value is ethanol extract. Ethanol extract of chinese petai leaves has the same khm and kbm values, namely at a concentration of 25%.      

This study aimed to determine the P.aeruginosa that causes infectionby molecular technique. Bacterial isolated and identificatedphenotypically and genotypically, and their antibiogram detection. Onehundred clinical specimens were collected from patients suffering fromdifferent clinical infections during the period from September 2024 toJanuary 2024 in AL-Sadder Medical city. The identification of theP.aeruginosa isolates depended on colonial morphology, microscopicexamination and biochemical tests. P.aeruginosa had the ability toproduce capsule, biofilm , adhesion, protease, bacteriocin, haemolysin,B-lactamase and gelatinase. Regard to molecular study 16 RNA geneappeared th at all isolates due to (100%) of P. aeruginosa isolatesTo conclusion that P. aeruginosa able to produce sever pathogenicitymarkers which responsible for pathogenicity of P.aeruginosa infections.

Scabies is a skin infection caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. Scabies is easily transmitted in densely populated areas such as Islamic boarding school dormitories. The aim of this community service activity is to provide health education about scabies to female students at the Al-Masyrifah Palimanan Islamic Boarding School, Cirebon. The method used is focus group discussion. A total of 40 female students were divided into 4 discussion groups. The results show an increase in students' knowledge and awareness about the symptoms, causes, modes of transmission, and efforts to prevent scabies. Interactive discussions also trigger critical questions and exchange of information between students. At the end of the session, an example of WHO's 6 steps of hand washing practice was given. It was concluded that health education through group discussions was effective in increasing female students' knowledge and awareness about scabies prevention in the Islamic boarding school environment.

Folliculitis is a bacterial skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. If the surrounding tissue is also affected, it is called a furuncle. About 20% of individuals have S. aureus colonization, while S.aureus carriers are found in 60% of healthy individuals.

Chromoblastomycosis is a slowly progressive granulomatous skin infection caused by several species of black fungus such as Phialophora verrucosa, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Rhinocladiella aquaspersa and Cladosporium carrionii. A case was found of a 51-year-old patient with a main complaint of a reddish, uneven lump, occasionally itchy, but not accompanied by pain in the right arm. On anatomic pathological examination, microscopic results were obtained in the form of epidermal skin tissue preparations that appeared hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Intra-epidermal abscesses were seen with an accumulation of neutrophil inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes and groups of epitheloid cells that formed granulomas. There was no sign of malignancy. The conclusion from the results of anatomical pathology readings is that there is a fungal infection (chromoblastomycosis). Treatment is given by oral itraconazole.

 Purslane plant is an herbal plant that is used as a medicine for skin infections. The author is interested in using the purslane plant as a peel-off mask to relieve acne nodules. The aim is to find out how to manufacture, sensory test results, public test results, and determine the effect of the purslane peel-off mask. This research was conducted with the methods of observation, experimentation, documentation, interviews, questionnaires, literature. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The manufacture of purslane powder starts from the preparation of tools, materials, cleaning, drying, and refining. The manufacture of peel-off masks begins with the preparation of tools, materials, weighing, mixing, heating, and packaging. The feasibility of the product is tested based on color, aroma, texture, adhesion, product appearance. Product improvement is the addition of essence to the peel-off mask. In conclusion, according to the validator, the purslane plant powder is suitable for use in making peel-off masks and the results of the purslane peel-off mask facial treatment can relieve acne nodules. Suggestions for further researchers to change purslane plant powder into oil extract to maintain its content, BPOM test, and laboratory tests.